scholarly journals Management Practices of SMEs Owners in Emerging Economies: A Gender Comparative Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 79
Author(s):  
Nadia Laaraj ◽  
Driss Ferhane
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Management Style ◽  
Emerging Country ◽  
Rational Management ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Female Specific ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Do So

The literature on management practices indicates that the company’s performance depends largely on the skills of its leader, when the intuition of the latter is based on the instruments and rational management methods. The aim of this study is to analyse the relationship between the gender and management practices in terms of current operations (Production, marketing, finance, …), identify the characteristics of the owner-manager of SMEs (male and female specific), and detect the points of divergence and convergence between women's and men's management. To do so, we conducted a theoretical analysis of the main concepts and indicators that allowed us to develop a research model. The analysis of the answers was based on a survey adressed to a sample of owner-managers. Our findings confirm that the personal characteristics of the owner-manager influence the management practices. The results of the comparison between the Moroccan ruling woman and man, show that there are no real differences in management style, but rather some shared values between them. This paper provides a theorical contribution on the link between the profile of owner-managers and management practices including the gender parameter. In terms of pratical contribution, it contribute to understand behavior of Moroccan SMEs owners and to show the importance of this two dimensions, the profil of owner managers and gender approach, it can be also considered as a recent study of the typical profile of owner-managers in an emerging country such as Morocco. We try, through this work, to contribute to this field of research which remains very fertile.

Gender Ideology and Fertility: Evidence for a Curvilinear Hypothesis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serena Stefani ◽  
Gabriele Prati
Keyword(s):  
Gender Ideology ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Curvilinear Relationship ◽  
World Population ◽  
Fertility Rates ◽  
The World ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Using Data ◽  
National Analysis ◽  
The Relationship

Research on the relationship between fertility and gender ideology revealed inconsistent results. In the present study, we argue that inconsistencies may be due to the fact that such relationship may be nonlinear. We hypothesize a U- shaped relationship between two dimensions of gender ideology (i.e. primacy of breadwinner role and acceptance of male privilege) and fertility rates. We conducted a cross-national analysis of 60 countries using data from the World Values Survey as well as the World Population Prospects 2019. Controlling for gross domestic product, we found support for a U-shaped relationship between gender ideology and fertility. Higher levels of fertility rates were found at lower and especially higher levels of traditional gender ideology, while a medium level of gender ideology was associated with the lowest fertility rate. This curvilinear relationship is in agreement with the phase of the gender revolution in which the country is located. Traditional beliefs are linked to a complementary division of private versus public sphere between sexes, while egalitarian attitudes are associated with a more equitable division. Both conditions strengthen fertility. Instead, as in the transition phase, intermediate levels of gender ideology’s support are associated with an overload and a difficult reconciliation of the roles that women have to embody (i.e. working and nurturing) so reducing fertility. The present study has contributed to the literature by addressing the inconsistencies of prior research by demonstrating that the relationship between gender ideology and fertility rates is curvilinear rather than linear.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Performance of the Administrative System and National Authority of Governments: An Islamic Point Of View

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 5-13
Author(s):  
Mahtab Jafari
Keyword(s):  
Practical Purpose ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Administrative System ◽  
National Authority ◽  
Functional Dimension ◽  
Library Resources ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Do So

Each government consists of two dimensions: 1) a sructural dimension that involves policy- and decision-making bodies and, 2) a functional dimension that is a set of government institutions and administrations. Also, national authority in a country is an outcome of three components, including legitimacy, acceptance, and efficiency of its government. The authority of governments is not merely limited to their structural legitimacy and acceptance; but, their functional dimension and the performance of their administrations also play a crucial role in building and strengthening their legitimacy. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to investigate how the administrative system of a government affects its national authority, with an emphasis on the Islamic point of view. To do so, this research has been carried out within the framework of theoretical research with practical purpose. The research method of the current study was descriptive-analytical. In the present study, the relationship between two variables – namely, “administrative system” and “national authority”– has been investigated within the framework of causal research. Due to the theoretical nature of this study, the resources used mostly include documents and library resources. The results of this study indicate that there is a direct and causal relationship between the national authority of governments (effect) and the performance of their administrative system (cause). Also, this relationship reveals how the administrative system affects national authority.

The Relationship between Knowledge Management and Production Quality in Manufacturing Companies in Malaysia

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 27-40
Author(s):  
Julian Paul Sidin ◽  
Zakariya Belkhamza
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Production Quality ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Service Firms ◽  
Manufacturing Companies ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Quality Production

The relationship between knowledge management practices and quality production has not received much attention. The objective of this paper is twofold. The first objective is to investigate this relationship in the Malaysian manufacturing and service firms. The second objective is to investigate the mediating role of these firms' innovation on this relationship. Six hypothesised relationships were tested using a sample of 201 manufacturing and service firms in Malaysia. The results show that the two dimensions of knowledge management have a significant positive effect on quality production. Furthermore the results showed that innovation does not mediate the relationship between knowledge management and quality production. The implications of the study as well as suggestions for future studies are also discussed.

Acculturation, Gender Stereotypes, and Attitudes About Dating Violence Among Latino Youth

2004 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 273-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emilio C. Ulloa ◽  
Lisa H. Jaycox ◽  
Grant N. Marshall ◽  
Rebecca L. Collins
Keyword(s):  
Dating Violence ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Multivariate Analyses ◽  
Latino Youth ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Personal Variables ◽  
Attitudes And Knowledge ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Relationship

This study examined the relationship between personal characteristics (gender, acculturation, belief in gender stereotypes, recent dating experiences), and attitudes and knowledge about dating violence in urban Latino youth (N= 678). All participants completed self-administered surveys at school. Relative to girls, boys held more problematic (proviolence) attitudes about dating violence and reported less knowledge about dating violence and its consequences. Teens who were more traditional (less acculturated), those who endorsed gender stereotypes, and those who reported recent fearful dating experiences tended to report less knowledge about abuse and lower endorsement of nonviolent attitudes. Multivariate analyses revealed that all four personal variables predicted dating violence knowledge. By contrast, attitudes were predicted by endorsement of gender stereotypes only, or gender stereotypes and gender. Implications for dating violence interventions and future directions for research are explored.

scholarly journals STUDI TENTANG MOTIVASI DAN KARAKTERISTIK PRIBADI KARYAWAN SARI SEHAT HERBAL MEDICINE INDUSTRY di MAGELANG

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Kurnia Putri
Keyword(s):  
Herbal Medicine ◽  
Marital Status ◽  
Employee Performance ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Employee Motivation ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Testing Techniques ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Chi Square Analysis ◽  
The Relationship

This study aims to examine and analyze the influence of personal characteristics on employee motivation Sari Sehat Herbal Medicine Industry and to determine whether the employee motivation Sari Sehat Herbal Medicine Industry in Magelang . Data collected through questionnaires and conducted on 89 employees Sari Sehat Herbal Medicine Industry Magelang . Analysis of the data in this study using SPSS version 17 . In this study used a sample of the entire population and data testing techniques used in this study include test validity , reliability tests with Cronbach alpha . Spearman correlation analysis to examine the relationship between personal characteristics such as age , education , length of employment , marital status of the motivation , by comparing the value Sig.ρhitung with α value ( 0.05 ) . As for analyzing gender relations to motivation chi square analysis was used to compare the value of Sig . χ ^ 2hitung the value of α ( 0.05 ) . The analysis showed that the level of personal characteristics ( 0.003 ) , length of employment ( 0 ) and marital status ( 0.006 ) effect on employee performance . Age (0.524 ) and gender (0.217 ) had no effect on motivation . And the biggest motivation for employees Sari Sehat Herbal Medicine Industry is salary ( 79 % ) . This research

scholarly journals I vote NOTA: Ideological Expanses of Partisanship in India

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arathy Puthillam ◽  
Hansika Kapoor
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Social Norms ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Do So

The relationship between ideology and partisanship is understudied in India. Using secondary data, we ask whether ideology predicts party preferences, and whether Indians can be clustered with respect to their ideological positions. To do so, we define ideology as differing along two dimensions: adherence to social norms and obedience to hierarchies. We find that a preference for hierarchies significantly determines which party is preferred compared to NOTA, whereas adherence to social norms significantly predicts voting for a number of left- and right-positioning parties. Second, a cluster analysis shows three clusters, which have been named “social reformists” for individuals who are left leaning on both dimensions, “disguised traditionalists” for those who are left leaning in terms of social norms, but right leaning in terms of adherence to hierarchies, and “traditionalists,” for those who are right leaning in terms of both dimensions. Implications and future directions are discussed.

scholarly journals The Impact of Translators’ Epistemological Beliefs and Gender on Their Translation Quality

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Elmira Araghizade ◽  
Esmaeil Jadidi
Keyword(s):  
Epistemological Beliefs ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Epistemic Beliefs ◽  
Translation Quality ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Do So

<p>This study aimed to determine the relationship between translators’ epistemological beliefs and gender on their Persian-to- English translation quality. To do so, a group of 53 MA translation students both male and female were selected, through convenient sampling to participate in this study. For data collection two instruments were employed: 1- Epistemic Beliefs Inventory (EBI) 2- Translation Test including a piece of poem. Regression analysis was also conducted to explore the interaction of epistemological beliefs and gender of translators on their translation quality. The findings indicated that there is no significant relationship between the components of epistemological beliefs and translation quality, except in one case that QL (quick learning) has a negative relationship with translation scores. Translators’ gender significantly affects the translation quality. An implication of the results is that males translate significantly better than females regarding the quality of translation. The interaction of translators’ epistemological beliefs and gender significantly affect the translation quality.</p>

scholarly journals When Women Play: The Relationship between Musical Instruments and Gender Style

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 114-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellen Koskoff
Keyword(s):  
Social Structure ◽  
Musical Instruments ◽  
Gender Stratification ◽  
Cultural Contexts ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Social Marginality ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Do So

In many societies, musical roles are divided along gender lines: women sing and men play. Men also sing and women sometimes play; yet, unlike men, women who play often do so in contexts of sexual and social marginality. This essay surveys the literature on women's use of musical instruments in a variety of social and cultural contexts and presents some contemporary anthropological theories regarding the interrelationship between social structure and gender stratification. The author concludes that women's use of musical instruments is related to broader issues of social and gender structure, and that changes in the ideology of these structures often reflect changes that affect women as performers.

scholarly journals Cartography of Critical Legal Theories: Notes for a Reflection on the Relation between Law and Power

2021 ◽  
pp. 242-262
Author(s):  
Victor Merino-Sancho
Keyword(s):  
Social Transformation ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Intimate Relationship ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Critical Theories ◽  
Asylum Law ◽  
The Social ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Do So

This paper proposes an identification of the main arguments suggested by certain critical theories concerning the relationship between law and power. In order to (re)think the function of law as an instrument not only of power, but as an element of social transformation, we promote here a reflection on aspects raised by these theories; among others, the same notion of power, oppression, intersectionality or decoloniality. These categories are relevant to examine how law regulates the experiences of discrimination of specific social groups, highlighting the intimate relationship between the social contexts, the premises and the legal answers. To do so, we examine in particular how asylum law responds to claims grounded on sexual orientation and gender identity. Finally, this reasoning suggests a conception of law oriented to action and the social change.

scholarly journals Why Riders Perform Risky Riding Behavior in Jakarta: The effects of Hazardous Situation, Gender, and Risk Perception

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
Dewi Maulina ◽  
Keyni Regina Danilasari ◽  
Fara Nazhira ◽  
Satara Samia Jufri
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perception ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Factorial Anova ◽  
Video Clips ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Internal And External Factors ◽  
Mixed Groups ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between risky riding behavior and traffic accidents has been identified in previous research. However, there is limited research that focuses on the interaction between internal and external factors and the effect this has on riders’ risky riding decisions. The aim of this study is to examine the effect of hazardous situations and gender on risk perception and risky riding behavior among motorcyclists. We focus on lane-splitting behavior as one of the most common risky riding behaviors among motorcyclists in Jakarta. A 2×2 mixed-groups factorial ANOVA (hazardous situation × gender) was conducted with 72 participant riders, male as well as female. Participants were asked to read different scenarios and watch six video clips that showed pro-risk and anti-risk hazardous situations. At the end of each clip, participants answered questions related to risk perception and lane splitting decisions. Results show that hazardous situations have a significant effect on each dimension of risk perception and on risky riding behavior. However, results suggest that gender has a significant effect only on two dimensions of risk perception, namely, efficacy and worry and insecurity. We also found a significant effect of the interaction between hazardous situations and gender on risk perception, which is the dimension of the likelihood of an accident. Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that it is important for law enforcement to consider the role of risk perception when granting motorcycle licenses.

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