scholarly journals Linkage Strategies, Resource Conditions and University Performance

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 153
Author(s):  
Orucho Michael Ngala ◽  
Zachary Bolo Awino
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Data ◽  
Moderating Effect ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Balanced Score Card ◽  
Strategy Formulation ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Resource Conditions ◽  
University Performance ◽  
The Relationship

This study sought to contribute to knowledge by assessing the moderating effect of resource conditions on the relationship between linkage strategies and performance of universities in Kenya. Resource based view was used as the main theory anchoring the study. Cross-Sectional survey was adopted as the research design. The population of the study consists of sixty five (65) public and private universities incorporated in Kenya. Out of this, a sample of forty seven (47) universities which had undergone at least one graduation cycle was taken. Primary and secondary data was collected using semi-structured questionnaires and review of existing university documents and regulatory bodies’ websites respectively. Correlation and regression analyses were carried out to analyse data and to test hypotheses. Although it was not possible to include all the determinants of institutional performance, balanced score card was appropriately used to represent financial and non-financial aspects that constitute performance indicators. It was established that resource conditions have enhancing moderating effect on the relationship between linkage strategies and university performance in Kenya. The significance of firm resources and linkage components in strategy formulation and implementation cannot be overlooked. The key recommendation that the study offers as insights to theory, university authorities and policy makers, is the need to consider firm resource conditions as critical determinants during strategy formulation and implementation process in order to enhance university performance. The main limitation of this study is that primary data was collected from only one respondent per university but common methods bias was mitigated through the use of additional secondary data to validate primary data.

scholarly journals THE INFLUENCE OF FINANCIAL PLANNING ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HOUSEHOLD INCOME AND LEVEL OF SAVING IN TANZANIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 622-634
Author(s):  
Warren Tibesigwa ◽  
◽  
Will Kaberuka ◽  
Joanina Ayebare ◽  
Ally Ndeshiuta Morris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Financial Planning ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
School Curriculum ◽  
Moderating Effect ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Government ◽  
Financial Awareness ◽  
The Relationship

There are many studies on the relationship between household income and saving though very little is known about the influence of financial planning on the relationship between household income and saving.This paper examined the moderating effect of financial planning on the relationship between household income and saving in Tanzania.Based on cross-sectional secondary data (Finscope data,2017) that was collected using multistage sampling from 9457 respondents, descriptive, correlation, regression and moderation effect were performed to analyze the data.The findings indicate that household income and interaction effects have a positive relationship with level of saving. Finally, regression results show that household income and financial planning have a positive significant effect on household saving levels and that financial planning has a positive moderating effect on the relationship between household income and level of saving. From these study results,it is recommended that the government of Tanzania through the ministry of community development, gender and children in should introduce financial awareness programs to the communities in order for the people to realize the need of financial planning and hence improve their saving.Further more the government throughthe ministry of education and vocational training should introduce financial awareness in the school curriculum so that citizens learn how to plan for financial matters at early stages.

scholarly journals Exposure to Social Media Advertisements and Youth's Response

2020 ◽  
Vol V (III) ◽  
pp. 144-150
Author(s):  
Ashraf Iqbal ◽  
Tanveer Hussain ◽  
Rashid Aslam
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Exploratory Research ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Major Purpose ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Purchasing Behaviour ◽  
Social Media Advertising ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City

The major purpose of this study is to examine the effects of social media advertising on the purchase behaviour of young university students. The study employed an exploratory research design and cross-sectional survey technique. On the basis of a comprehensive literature review, research hypotheses were formulated to investigate the relationship between study variables. The primary data were collected using questionnaires from students of public sector universities operating in the city of Faisalabad, Pakistan. Non-probability and convenience sampling were adopted in the selection of target respondents, which were 283 students, both day-scholars and boarding students. The findings reveal that social media advertising affects the purchasing behaviour of social media users. The recommendations of the study are that the companies should concentrate more on promotional activities using social networks as this is more effective, less costly and accessible to a large number of target audiences.

scholarly journals Use of Field Trip Method in History and Government Instruction in Secondary Schools

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-76
Author(s):  
Langat Albine Kipkoech
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Schools ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Field Trip ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Qualitative Survey ◽  
Teachers And Students ◽  
Academic Records

The study’s objectives were to investigate the commonly used methods in History and Government instruction, that is the field trip method. The study adopted a cross-sectional survey design, which employed a descriptive and qualitative survey. The sample was drawn from selected secondary schools in the Bureti district. A sample of 15 schools and 300 form three History and Government students were selected through a stratified sampling method. Purposive sampling was employed to select 25 History and Government teachers. A pilot study was conducted to ascertain the reliability of the instruments. Primary data was collected through the use of questionnaires, while secondary data was derived from documented information from schools’ past academic records and other related documents in the school and District Education Officer’s office. The study revealed that most teachers and students did not use the field trip method, though their views were that the use of the field trip method had more benefits than the teacher-centred methods which they always use. The study recommends that History and Government teachers should increase the use of the field trip method in their classroom instruction. The findings would help teachers to evaluate and improve their teaching methods, focusing mainly on providing learners with opportunities to engage in most of the learning activities

ASPEK SOSIAL EKONOMI DAN KAITANNYA DENGAN MASALAH GIZI KURANG DI KABUPATEN MANGGARAI, NUSA TENGGARA TIMUR

2007 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 36
Author(s):  
Ursula Dianita Marut
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Interview Questionnaire

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 13.05pt .0001pt 18pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;" lang="en-us" xml:lang="en-us">The objective of this study is to analyze the relationship between socio-economic and cultural aspects and undernutrition problem in Kabupaten Manggarai, Nusa Tenggara Timur. This research was designed as cross sectional study with purposive method. This research was conducted in Desa Meler, Kecamatan Ruteng, Kabupaten Manggarai from June to July 2007. Primary data and secondary data were collected in this study. Primary data including family’s socio-economic characteristics, nutritional status, environment sanitation and food consumption using interview questionnaire. Secondary data including food production, prevalence of nutritional status of the children under five, and were collected from some Government’s institutions. Populations of this research were children under five in Desa Meler. Samples consisted of 80 children and were classified into two groups, a total of 48 classified as undernutrition group and the rest of them belong to normal group. Result shows that the prevalence of undernutrition of children under five in Manggarai year 2005 is 22,75 % and have decreased in 2006 become 19,24 %. Poverty is one of the causal factors of this undernutrition problem in Manggarai.</span></p>

The Relationship between Transformational Leadership and Enterprise Risk Management Adoption by Commercial State Corporations in Kenya

2022 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-30
Author(s):  
Disterius Ondieki Nyandika ◽  
◽  
Paul Machoka ◽  
Michael Ngala ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Transformational Leadership ◽  
Enterprise Risk Management ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Top Management ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Enterprise Risk ◽  
Mandatory Requirement ◽  
The Relationship

The adoption of Enterprise Risk Management (ERM) by State Corporations in Kenya is a mandatory requirement and yet, the information on levels of adoption amongst Commercial State Corporations, most of which continue to experience poor performance due to weak governance is scanty. The objective of the study was to establish the relationship between transformational leadership and enterprise risk management adoption. This study adopted a positivist research philosophy and cross-sectional survey design approach. The target population comprised all the Commercial State Corporations in Kenya listed in the register of State Corporations Advisory Committee (SCAC) as at January 2021. The unit of analysis was the 52 Commercial State Corporations and unit of observation was top management of each entity. The researcher applied purposive sampling to select top management and surveyed the total population of top management that derived a sample size of 364 participants. The study used primary data which was collected through structured questionnaires. The descriptive and inferential statistics was employed in the analysis. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS version 22) was used in regression modeling for prediction and causal inferences between study variables. The study findings indicated that Transformational Leadership has a significant relationship with ERM adoption. The study recommends that commercial state corporations embrace transformational leadership in order to enhance ERM adoption. Keywords: Transformational Leadership, Enterprise Risk Management & Commercial State Corporations

scholarly journals The Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of the Adoption of Green Fashion Innovation

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alaeddin Ahmad ◽  
Yasmeen Madi ◽  
Mohammad Abuhashesh ◽  
Nawras M. Nusairat ◽  
Ra’ed Masa’deh
Keyword(s):  
Innovation Adoption ◽  
Middle Level ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Innovative Methods ◽  
Attitude And Practice ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Knowledge Attitude And Practice

Environmental pollution from garment manufacturing is a major concern due to its widely-felt impact on climate change. Consequently, the researchers set about assessing KAP (Knowledge, Attitude and Practice) and its relationship with, and impact on, green fashion innovation adoption among Jordanian companies. This work examined the relationship between the independent variables, represented by KAP, and the dependent variable, which was Green Fashion Innovation Adoption in Jordan. A quantitative approach utilized a cross-sectional survey to gather primary data from upper and middle-level management in Jordanian garment companies. The sample size was 257 valid questionnaires. The results showed a statistically significant impact of knowledge and attitude toward green fashion innovation adoption, but failed to identify a statistically significant impact of practice on the same. This research contributes positively to the diffusion of awareness about going green in innovative methods and systems in Jordan’s garment industry, and provides suggestions to practitioners.

Examining the Relationship between Social and School Environment and Children’s Caries Experience Using Primary and Secondary Data: A Cluster Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-87
Author(s):  
Juliana Neide Amato ◽  
Ednalva Maria de Sousa Eskenazi ◽  
Simone Baccili Ribeiro ◽  
Simone Lyz Pires Marcilio Guerrero ◽  
Fernando Luiz Affonso Fonseca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Public Schools ◽  
Minimum Wage ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Environmental Indicators ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Caries Experience ◽  
Environmental Characteristics ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Relationship

Dental caries is still prevalent worldwide, even with advances in preventive and curative measures. The aim was to examine clustering patterns of socioeconomic and environmental characteristics of schools and their associations with caries experience of schoolchildren. An epidemiological survey with cross-sectional design was conducted in 2014/2015 and included 5,213 students (aged 2–11 years) from 38 public schools of Carapicuíba (SP, Brazil). Primary data consisted of dental examinations performed at schools by 6 calibrated examiners to evaluate caries experience (dmf/DMFT index). Secondary data were extracted from the last official Demographic Census (2010) and School Census (2014 and 2015) to assess the socioeconomic and environmental characteristics of the territorial units and infrastructure of each school, respectively. Cluster analysis and ANOVA were applied to identify schools with similar social and environmental aspects and children’s caries experience. A logistic regression model was used to ascertain the effects of cluster variables on the likelihood that participants have caries experience, controlling for the stage of dentition and sex. Two valid and reliable clusters were identified: cluster 1 (“advantaged group”), characterized by 33 schools with the highest percentages of children without caries experience and located in regions with better socioenvironmental indicators, and cluster 2 (“least advantaged group”), characterized by 5 schools with higher percentages of children with caries experience, lower percentages of households with sanitary sewer and water supply, higher residents/household ratio and higher percentages of families living with up to 1 minimum wage. An increase in the odds of having caries experience for each percent of houses with well water and families which live with up to 1 minimum wage was observed. By using primary and secondary data, the study draws attention to the relationship between socioeconomic and environmental indicators and caries experience, identifying least advantaged regions and helping to design strategic health plans for this target population.

scholarly journals Promosi Kesehatan Melalui Media Sosial dan Kebijakan Physical Distancing Terhadap Perilaku Pencegahan Covid-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Achmad Lukman Hakim
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Health Promotion ◽  
Urban Communities ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Relationship

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (Covid-19) is a contagious disease caused by a coronavirus where the virus attacks the respiratory tract and can infect humans and animals. Therefore, preventive measures against breaking the chain of transmission of this infectious disease must be carried out as quickly as possible in breaking the chain of transmission of Covid-19. The research objective was to determine the relationship between health promotion through social media and physical distancing policies on behavioral prevention of Covid-19 in urban communities. The research method was quantitative with cross-sectional research design. The population in this research was all urban people who live in the DKI Jakarta area. The sampling technique was accidental sampling of 100 respondents. The data used were primary data through distributing questionnaires and secondary data derived from Jakarta's Covid-19 monitoring data. Data analysis was performed descriptive and the Pearson product moment correlation test. The results showed the relationship between health promotion through social media (with p-value = 0.001 and r = 0.315) and physical distancing policies (with p-value = 0,000 and r = 0.973) on Covid-19 prevention behavior in urban communities. It is hoped that the government will not hesitate in carrying out policies in reducing the spread of Covid-19 and promoting coordination with various related parties. Keywords: Covid-19; physical distancing policies; health promotion; social media ABSTRAK Coronavirus Disease 2019 (Covid-19) adalah salah satu penyakit menular yang disebabkan oleh coronavirus dimana virus tersebut menyerang saluran pernafasan dan dapat menginfeksi manusia dan hewan. Oleh sebab itu, tindakan pencegahan terhadap memutus rantai penularan penyakit menular tersebut wajib dilakukan secepat mungkin dalam memutus mata rantai penularan Covid-19. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui hubungan antara promosi kesehatan melalui media social dan kebijakan physical distancing terhadap perilaku pencegahan perilaku Covid-19 pada masyarakat perkotaan. Metode penelitian adalah kuantitatif dengan desain penelitian cross sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian adalah seluruh masyarakat perkotaan yang berdomisili di wilayah DKI Jakarta. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan accidental sampling sebanyak 100 responden. Data yang digunakan data primer melalui penyebaran kuesioner dan data sekunder yang berasal dari data pemantauan Covid-19 DKI Jakarta. Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif dan uji korelasi pearson product moment. Hasil penelitian menujukkan hubungan promosi kesehatan melalui media sosial (dengan p-value=0,001 dan r=0,315) dan kebijakan physical distancing (dengan p-value=0,000 dan r=0,973) terhadap perilaku pencegahan Covid-19 pada masyarakat perkotaan. Diharapkan pemerintah tidak ragu dalam menjalankan kebijakan dalam menekan penyebaran Covid-19 serta mengedepankan koordinasi dengan berbagai pihak terkait. Kata kunci: Covid-19; kebijakan physical distancing; promosi kesehatan; media sosial

scholarly journals The Business Process Re-Engineering Strategy: It’s Impact on the Performance of Companies Manufacturing Food in Kenya

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Nyaanga Ongeri ◽  
Peterson Obara Magutu ◽  
Kate Litondo
Keyword(s):  
Firm Performance ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Empirical Relationship ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Manufacturing Companies ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Food Manufacturing ◽  
And Performance

The main objective of the study was to determine the relationship between BPR strategy and performance of food manufacturing companies in Kenya. The population of the study comprised of the food manufacturing companies in Kenya. A descriptive cross-sectional survey design was adopted in data collection and analysis. Primary data was collected from respondents using structured questionnaire, while secondary data was collected from published firm’s financial reports. Out of the 75 respondents targeted by the study, 44 respondents forming 56.67% response rate, which was considered adequate for analysis. 63.9% of variations in the overall firm performance is explained by variations in the BPR strategy namely resources mobilization for BPR, sponsorship and commitment, BPR cross functional teams, analytical processes selection, BPR prototypes, management of re-engineered processes, clear BPR definition and vision. Thus, there is a significant relationship between BPR strategy and performance of food manufacturing companies in Kenya. This research makes several noteworthy contributions to the existing theory. Conceptually, the empirical relationship between BPR strategy and firm performance is significant where BPR strategy constructs independently and positively plays a role of fostering firm performance whereby the three significant predictors were: BPR prototypes, clear BPR definition & vision, and analytical processes selection. These three are distinct development elements of the BPR strategy which competitors are unable to imitate in the food manufacturing. The findings of this study offer suggestions that are beneficial to policy makers in the food-manufacturing sector in Kenya. Kenyan manufacturing firms have previously lacked fits well into the existing body of knowledge by holding that BPR strategy influence the firm’s level of performance and vice versa.

scholarly journals Are happy people healthier? An instrumental variable approach using data from Greece

2018 ◽  
Vol 72 (12) ◽  
pp. 1153-1161
Author(s):  
Ilias Kyriopoulos ◽  
Kostas Athanasakis ◽  
John Kyriopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Instrumental Variable ◽  
Theoretical Perspective ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Variable Approach ◽  
Socioeconomic Strata ◽  
The Relationship

BackgroundFrom a theoretical perspective, several studies indicate that happiness and health are—in some extent—interrelated. Despite the mechanisms explaining the relationship between happiness and health, there is still no consensus regarding this link. Using recently collected primary data, this study aims to examine the relationship between happiness and health, and identify potential heterogeneity in the association depending on socioeconomic status (SES).MethodsThis study draws on data from a nationally representative cross-sectional survey, conducted by the Greek National School of Public Health in 2015. We applied an instrumental variable (IV) approach to address the endogeneity, arising from the simultaneous determination of happiness and health. Controlling for several confounders (ie, socioeconomic, demographic, lifestyle, social capital variables) we employed several IV models, including two-stage least squares, IV probit and bivariate probit models.ResultsWe report strong evidence of a relationship between happiness and health. This association remains strong after correcting for endogeneity, and is robust across different specifications. Further, we find a positive relationship between happiness and self-rated health (SRH) for low educated, but not for high educated. Similarly, we find a strong relationship between happiness and health for the lower socioeconomic strata, but not for the higher ones.ConclusionsOverall, we show that happiness is positively associated with health. Further, happiness significantly influences SRH in low-SES individuals, but this association wanes for the higher socioeconomic strata. This finding has significant implications for health promotion, prevention and public health, and suggests that policymakers have a wider array of choices for improving health and tackling health inequalities.

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