scholarly journals Economic Effect of Language Ability on Income and Employment: The Evidence from China

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 54
Author(s):  
Lucong Wang ◽  
Jingchao Dai
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Language Learning ◽  
Instrumental Variables ◽  
Economic Effect ◽  
Language Ability ◽  
Learning Needs ◽  
Reverse Causality ◽  
Total Income ◽  
Influence Mechanism ◽  
Missing Variables

As a tool of communication and a carrier of information, language learning needs to pay the price and cost, language ability is also a form of human capital, which has an impact on income and employment. In order to found the economics effects of language ability, we studied relationship between language ability and income using China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) data from 2010 to 2016. We found that improvement of both Mandarin proficiency and English proficiency can significantly promote the total income and wage income. Considering the missing variables in the model and the endogeneity problem of reverse causality, instrumental variables were used to deal with the endogeneity problem, and the income effect of language ability still existed. From the perspective of the influence mechanism, social capital is an important channel through which language ability affects the total income of employees.

Needs Analysis and Teachers' Perceptions: A Study of the English Undergraduate Students

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Language Learning ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
English Language ◽  
Needs Analysis ◽  
Learning Needs ◽  
English Learning ◽  
Visual Aids ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Classroom Activities ◽  
Teaching Aids

Needs Analysis in the context of language-learning-teaching is an important process to design a certain course and syllabus. It helps course designers to set objectives, choose content, method of instruction, appropriate teaching aids, and classroom activities for different courses. This paper reports the perceptions of the researchers on the English language learning needs of the English undergraduate students of Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University Sheringal, Pakistan. The data is based on the researchers’ personal experience and first-hand observation of the population as the researchers have been teaching in the target context for about a decade. Furthermore, the researchers have always been in discussion with their students and colleagues about the target students’ English learning needs, preferred learning styles, motivation in learning English, interest, strengths/weaknesses, and attitude toward English learning in the target setting. Learners’ assignments, exam answer sheets, and presentations have also been used is a source of data collection. A needs analysis model proposed by Hutchinson and Waters (1987) has been applied in order to analyze the data. The results show that the students lack well grammatical sentences, have poor spellings, capitalization problems, limited vocabulary, unaware of collocations, poor/slow reading comprehension, and lack of effective presentation skills. Furthermore, most of the students have a lack of involvement in classroom activities and feel shy about speaking the English language. It was reported that the provision of authentic material, interesting activities, suitable audio-visual aids, relevant texts, language labs, and other logistic arrangements can better help them in learning the English language. The findings demonstrate that the students wished to have a learner-centered-course that helps them excel in their academic life and learning the English language.

Dialogic Teaching and Translanguaging in Deaf Education

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth Swanwick
Keyword(s):  
Language Learning ◽  
Learning Experience ◽  
Deaf Education ◽  
Deaf Children ◽  
Learning Needs ◽  
Learning And Teaching ◽  
Diverse Learning ◽  
Language Context ◽  
Pedagogical Framework

This chapter proposes a pedagogical framework for deaf education that builds on a sociocultural perspective and the role of interaction in learning. Pedagogical principles are argued that recognize the dialogic nature of learning and teaching and the role of language as “the tool of all tools” in this process. Building on established work on classroom talk in deaf education, the issues of dialogue in deaf education are extended to consider deaf children’s current learning contexts and their diverse and plural use of sign and spoken languages. Within this broad language context, the languaging and translanguaging practices of learners and teachers are explained as central to a pedagogical framework that is responsive to the diverse learning needs of deaf children. Within this pedagogical framework practical teaching strategies are suggested that draw on successful approaches in the wider field of language learning and take into account the particular learning experience and contexts of deaf children.

Teaching Adult Second Language Learners Who Are Emergent Readers

2011 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 120-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martha Bigelow ◽  
Patsy Vinogradov
Keyword(s):  
Second Language ◽  
Language Learning ◽  
Language Learners ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Second Language Learners ◽  
Learning Needs ◽  
Formal Schooling ◽  
Emergent Readers ◽  
Print Literacy ◽  
Historical Issues

Some second language (L2) learners are unique in that they bring low print literacy and limited formal schooling to the language learning enterprise. A range of personal, economic, historical, and political circumstances bring them to highly literate, industrialized societies where print literacy becomes not only desirable but necessary to earn a living and participate in a range of everyday activities. This article is a review of current research related to this population of learners for the purpose of informing educators about their particular teaching and learning needs. While the emphasis is on scholarship focused on adult L2 emergent readers, attention is also given to related research with bi- and multilingual children and monolingual adults who are not print literate. Finally, sociopolitical and historical issues are touched upon with regard to broader policy matters that may have contributed to or perpetuate low print literacy.

College English Learning Center Planning Based on Language Learning

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 4493-4499
Author(s):  
Diwen Dong
Keyword(s):  
Language Learning ◽  
Independent Learning ◽  
Learning Needs ◽  
English Learning ◽  
Learning Center ◽  
Learning Centers ◽  
Learning Materials ◽  
College English ◽  
The University ◽  
Functional Areas

Objectives: Planning for English learning centers for college students can meet the needs of students’ independent learning and achieve the purpose of enhancing students’ comprehensive English practice and application ability. Methods: This study proposed the characteristics and functions of the English learning center, as well as the resources and facilities of the learning center when planning the university English learning center, and explained the construction of the English learning center’s learning materials and the division of functional areas. The influencing factors of the construction of learning center materials mainly include students’ language level, learning needs, authority and applicability of learning materials. Results: On this basis, taking the English learning center plan of a university library as an example, the functional areas are divided into four functional areas: English listening, speaking, reading and writing. Conclusion: It is hoped that this research will provide some reference and reference for the planning study of university English learning center based on language learning.

21st CENTURY IN GERMAN LANGUAGE LEARNING : IMPLEMENTATION OF CYBERGOGY CONCEPT

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 122-135
Author(s):  
Eldaa Crystle Wenno
Keyword(s):  
Language Learning ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
Language Education ◽  
21St Century Learning ◽  
German Language ◽  
Learning Needs ◽  
Study Program ◽  
Descriptive Case Study ◽  
The Times

As a place for learning activities, educational institutions must adapt to the times to not be viewed as a threat in the current era of education 4.0. Along with 21st-century learning needs to foster students' creative, innovative and competitive attitudes by implementing technology as an auxiliary medium in the learning process to produce quality students. This research is a descriptive case study to explore the application of the cybergogy concept about facing the challenges of learning in the 21st-century, especially in lecturing German in the courses offered by students. The sample in this study were students in semesters II, IV, and VI of the German Language Education Study Program, with 35 students. The instruments used in this study were questionnaires, interviews, and document review. Data from questionnaires, discussions and document reviews were analyzed using descriptive statistics referring to the Milles and Huberman stages. The results showed that the concept of cybergogy had been applying 30% synchronously and 70% asynchronously. On average, 93-94% of students and lecturers have used technology-based media in the German language learning process because of the availability of teaching materials and supporting facilities for information and communication technology to face 21st-century learning.

scholarly journals Enabling students to articulate the value of language skills in an ever-changing work environment

2020 ◽  
pp. 67-73
Author(s):  
Caroline Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Language Learning ◽  
Work Environment ◽  
Cultural Awareness ◽  
Language Skills ◽  
Linguistic Competence ◽  
Teaching Excellence ◽  
Personal Brand ◽  
Evaluative Research ◽  
Language Module

This paper shares some of the findings of an evaluative research project funded by the Leeds Institute of Teaching Excellence (Brown et al., 2018). The project explored the value of ‘Broadening’ as part of the Leeds Curriculum and the value of language learning in the context of Institution-Wide Language Provision (IWLP). The paper focuses on the data gathered from interviews with employers and presents the findings around employer expectations of graduates and their perceptions of the value of language skills and cultural awareness. It considers how to enable students to articulate the knowledge, skills, and experience gained during their undergraduate journey. It identifies the value of language skills beyond linguistic competence and maps this to employer expectations. It proposes an end-of-module reflective task for any language module to enable students to articulate their personal ‘brand’ based on their knowledge and social capital, thus evidencing the breadth of their employability.

scholarly journals Design and Management of a Self-Access Language Learning Space Integrated into a Taught Course

2016 ◽  
pp. 136-151
Author(s):  
Sahar Alzahrani ◽  
Vicky Wright
Keyword(s):  
Language Learning ◽  
Instant Messaging ◽  
Virtual Learning Environment ◽  
Learning Needs ◽  
Learning Resources ◽  
Learning Space ◽  
Look Ahead ◽  
Online Tools ◽  
The Many ◽  
The University

This paper reports on the design and management of an online self-access language learning (SALL) space that was used with a group of Saudi medical students to complement classroom-based learning. The aim was to increase the opportunities for communication and language practice and, more specifically, to help develop the learners’ language learning autonomy (Little, 1999). In a pre-study, a questionnaire and a focus group were used to collect information about the students’ needs and interests in language learning. The design of this space was informed by the students’ feedback on their language learning needs and styles as recommended by Breen (1986) and Marsh (2012). Desire2Learn, a widely used virtual learning environment, was used to provide learners with an online self-access center because of the many features it has which would help learners to take control of their learning. The learning resources and online tools included instant messaging (IM), a news stream, access to a facilitator and other learning support, moderated discussions, videos, images, activities and quizzes, as well as links to external materials and to free self-access language learning resources. A description will be provided of how the materials, the tools, and the facilities were integrated within this space along with the justification for each of the elements. A look ahead to how this study could be extended for use with all learners enrolled in the medical scheme of the university will be discussed at the end of the paper.

scholarly journals ONLINE LANGUAGE TEACHING EFFICIENCY IN COVID-19 ENVIRONMENT

2021 ◽  
pp. 220-225
Author(s):  
Iryna Navrotska ◽  
Alla Pavliuk ◽  
Iryna Kalynovska ◽  
Iryna Kuzhel
Keyword(s):  
Language Learning ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
English Language ◽  
Language Teaching ◽  
Educational Institution ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Learning Needs ◽  
Distant Learning ◽  
National University ◽  
Learning Platforms

The article represents the results of the survey conducted among the group of university and high school teachers to establish the specific tendencies in online language teaching and learning within the COVID 19-affected environment. The study hypothesis presupposed verification of the thesis that language learning needs adjustment to new circumstances. During 2020-2021, the major platform adopted by Lesya Ukrainka Volyn National University has been MS Office. It provided the participants of learning process with necessary tools such as calendar planning, lecture and seminar moderation, data submission and storage as well as assessment options and statistics. Incorporating the platform required tutorials for teachers since there were certain issues with registration and running the MS Office programme on various gadgets. At the initial stages alternatives were allowed to be used for online classes. The survey was conducted and analysed by means of quantitative and descriptive methods and on the basis of continuous academic discussions. It was concluded that the teachers treated the challenges of new learning environment differently. Namely, the respondents were invited to rate the general effectiveness of constant online language or language related subject learning, characterise institutional support, specify the prioritised digital platform and share feedback regarding their satisfaction with the educational process within late 2020 – first half of 2021. The majority of the respondents denoted the satisfactory effectiveness of online English language system. The educational institution was reported to provide sufficient support on distant learning platforms. Roughly one third of the answers pointed at the use of several distant learning platforms. Zoom has been defined as the main teachers’ preference probably due to simplicity of installation and running flexibility on various gadgets for both sides. The most burning issues of online learning during the COVID-19 period were associated with internet connection and access.

Moving Towards Translanguaging

2020 ◽  
pp. 208-232
Author(s):  
Mara R. Barbosa
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Language Learning ◽  
English Learners ◽  
Academic Language ◽  
Language Skills ◽  
Learning Needs ◽  
Teaching Models ◽  
The University ◽  
Pedagogical Changes

Emerging bilinguals at US schools are generally subject to programs that are inadequate for their learning needs. It is crucial to find teaching models through which they can develop their academic language skills. This chapter presents the program Learn from the Experts, a partnership between a university and a high school, that fosters collaboration between Spanish and English learners. In this program, which follows the translanguaging pedagogy, Spanish learners from the university meet to collaborate with Spanish heritage English learners from the high school in lessons designed to develop each of the participants' skills in the language they are learning. The chapter also presents pedagogical changes made to the program resulting from the program team's reflection. It contributes to the development of models that support emerging bilinguals' language learning through collaboration with more experienced speakers without compelling speakers of minoritized languages to distance themselves from their languages and cultures.

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