scholarly journals Growth of Fertilized Maize via Fertirrigation and Foundation With Treated Human Urine and Cassava Wastewater

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jailton G. Ramos ◽  
Vera Lucia A. de Lima ◽  
Eliton S. G. Santos ◽  
Gibran O. de Medeiros ◽  
Mariana De O. Pereira ◽  
...  

The agricultural reuse of wastewater is already a reality in several countries of the world. The objective of this work was to evaluate the growth of hybrid corn AG 1051 grown in fertilized soil via the foundation and fertirrigation with the combination of human urine and treated cassava and NPK in protected environment.The experiment was conducted at the Federal University of Campina Grande, Campina Grande, Paraíba. The experimental design was the completely randomized one with 14 treatments and four replications, being two experiments, one fertilized via foundation and the other via fertigation. The treatments were as follows: T1 (NPK), T2 (470 mL), T3 (670 mL), T4 (870 mL), T5 (1070 mL), T6 (1270 mL), T7 (1470 mL) applied via fertilization of fertirrigado, and the same dosages applied via fertirrigation corresponding to T9 mineral fertilization, and T10, T11, T13 and T14 the different doses of organic fertilization. There was an average increase of 17.32% in the Index of Emergency Speed for the seeds that were cultivated in soil fertilized with T3 and T4 in relation to the one fertilized with NPK (T1), the soil fertilized with T3 was the one that presented the highest %E (Emergency Percentage) with 98, 81%. At 15 days after the emergency (DAE), the chemical fertilization through the foundation promoted greater leaf area gain differently than at 65 DAE. The organic fertilization via fertigation promoted the highest gains for absolute and relative growth rates of plant height stem diameter and number of leaves.

Irriga ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 420-431
Author(s):  
Jailton Garcia Ramos ◽  
Vera Lúcia Antunes de Lima ◽  
Mariana De Oliveira Pereira ◽  
Maria Teresa Cristina Coelho do Nascimento ◽  
Narcísio Cabral de Araujo ◽  
...  

CULTIVO DE MILHO HÍBRIDO COM MACRONUTRIENTES, URINA HUMANA E MANIPUEIRA APLICADOS VIA FUNDAÇÃO E FERTIRRIGAÇÃO     JAILTON GARCIA RAMOS1; VERA LUCIA ANTUNES DE LIMA2; MARIANA DE OLIVEIRA PEREIRA3; MARIA TERESA CRISTINA COELHO DO NASCIMENTO4; NARCÍSIO CABRAL DE ARAUJO5 E MÁRCIA CRISTINA DE ARAUJO PEREIRA6   1 Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Agrícola, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Rua Aprígio Veloso, 882, Bairro Universitário,58428-830, Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brasil, [email protected] 2 Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Agrícola, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Rua Aprígio Veloso, 882, Bairro Universitário,58428-830, Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brasil, [email protected] 3 Centro de Ciências e Tecnologia Agroalimentar, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Rua Jairo Vieira Feitosa, 1770, Pereiros, 58840-000, Pombal, Paraíba, Brasil, [email protected] 4 Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Agrícola, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Rua Aprígio Veloso, 882, Bairro Universitário,58428-830, Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brasil,[email protected] 5Centro de Formação em Tecnociências e Inovação, Universidade Federal do Sul da Bahia, Rodovia de Acesso para Itabuna, km 39, 45613-204, Ferradas, Itabuna, Bahia, Brasil, [email protected] 6 Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Agrícola, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Rua Aprígio Veloso, 882, Bairro Universitário,58428-830, Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brasil, [email protected]     1 RESUMO   O uso de resíduos orgânicos na produção agrícola é uma realidade em vários países do mundo. Nesse sentido, objetivou-se avaliar o crescimento do milho híbrido AG1051 cultivado sob fertilização química e orgânica, utilizando nitrogênio, fósforo e potássio (NPK) e combinações de manipueira e urina humana tratadas, aplicadas via solo e fertirrigação. O experimento foi realizado na Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Campus I, Campina Grande, PB, Brasil. O delineamento experimental foi o inteiramente casualizado, com 14 tratamentos, quatro repetições, totalizando 56 unidades experimentais. Foram analisadas as variáveis altura de planta (AP), diâmetro do colmo (DC), número de folhas (NF), fitomassa fresca e seca da parte aérea (FFPA, FSPA), estado de nitrogênio na planta – índice SPAD e área foliar (AF) aos 15 dias após a emergência das plântulas. Todas as variáveis apresentaram melhores resultados em função da fertilização química com NPK, destacando-se a aplicação via fertirrigação, já a adubação orgânica promoveu valores superiores quando aplicada via solo. A variável AF apresentou aumento para todos os contrastes em relação às demais variáveis de até 147%; já a variável NF apresentou menores valores em função dos contrastes, com aumento de 2,25%.   Palavras-chave: Zea Mays L., adubação organomineral, ecossaneamento.     RAMOS, J.G.; DE LIMA, V.L.A.; PEREIRA, M.D.P.; NASCIMENTO, M. T. C. C.; DE ARAUJO, N.C.; PEREIRA, M.C.A. CULTIVATION OF HYBRID MAIZE UNDER MACRONUTRIENTS, HUMAN URINE AND CASSAVA WASTEWATER APPLIED VIA BASAL DRESSING AND FERTIGATION     2 ABSTRACT   The use of organic waste in agricultural production is already a reality in several countries worldwide. In this context, this work aimed to evaluate the growth of hybrid maize (AG1051) under organic and chemical fertilization using nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium (NPK) and the combination of both treated cassava wastewater and human urine, applied through basal dressing and fertigation in a protected environment. The experiment was carried out at the Federal University of Campina Grande, Campus I, in the municipality of Campina Grande, state of Paraiba, Brazil. A completely randomized design was used, with 14 treatments and 4 replications, totaling 56 experimental units. Plant height (PH), stem diameter (SD), number of leaves (NL), shoot fresh matter (SFM), shoot dry matter (SDM), nitrogen in the plant – SPAD Index and leaf area (LA) variables were analyzed at 15 days after emergence. All variables presented better results as function of chemical fertilization with NPK, specially the application via fertigation. Organic fertilization promoted higher values when applied via basal dressing. The variable leaf area showed higher increase for all contrasts compared to the other variables (up to 147%). The variable number of leaves presented lower values due to the contrasts, with an increase of 2.25%.  Keywords: Zea Mays L., organo-mineral fertilization, ecological sanitation.


1958 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 347-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. H. M. Langer

1. Swards of S. 48 timothy and S. 215 meadow fescue growing alone or together were sampled at intervals of 3 weeks throughout the season. The number and weight of leaves, stems and ears were determined, and leaf area was estimated.2. Despite high rainfall, the total number of tillers in both species declined from the beginning of the experiment until early July, but increased again from then onwards until the original complement had been approximately restored. The number of leaves failed to show a corresponding increase in the autumn because each tiller carried fewer leaves than earlier in the year.3. In the spring total dry weight increased more rapidly in meadow fescue than in timothy which in turn out-yielded meadow fescue later in the season. Both species attained their greatest dry weight soon after ear emergence, a period which was marked by considerable crop growth and relative growth rates.4. Leaf area index reached a maximum before total dry weight had increased to its highest level, but then declined in both species. Meadow fescue differed from timothy by producing a second crop of foliage after the summer with a leaf area index of about 7. This second rise appeared to be due mainly to increased leaf size in contrast to timothy whose leaves became progressively smaller towards the end of the season.5. The differences in growth between the species discussed with reference to their dates of ear emergence which in this experiment differed by about 6 weeks.


Author(s):  
Narcísio Cabral de Araújo ◽  
Vera Lucia Antunes Lima ◽  
Jailton Garcia Ramos ◽  
Elysson Marcks Gonçalves Andrade ◽  
Geovani Soares de Lima ◽  
...  

Agricultural utilization of yellow waters associated with cassava wastewater is a sustainable technique, since it allows reduction of costs related to acquisition of industrialized fertilizers and minimizes the environmental pollution caused by the inadequate disposal of these effluents. In this context, this study evaluated the macronutrient macronutrient content and growth of cowpea fertigated with yellow water associated with cassava wastewater and NPK as source of nutrients. The experiment was set up in a greenhouse located at Campus I of the Federal University of Campina Grande. The experimental design was completely randomized, composed of five treatments characterized by: fertigation with mineral fertilizers, in the form of NPK; organic fertigation composed of human urine, cassava wastewater, human urine plus cassava wastewater; and organo-mineral fertigation composed of urine, cassava wastewater and mineral phosphorus, with four replicates. At 36 days after sowing, the following parameters were determined: contents of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, sulfur and the variables number of leaves, plant height, stem diameter, leaf area, shoot fresh matter and shoot dry matter. The use of yellow waters promotes significant increases for growth and production variables for nitrogen and potassium contents mainly, as well as for growth and production variables. The contents of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium were higher than the levels considered as adequate for the cowpea crop. The use of human urine and cassava wastewater have potential to meet the needs for the main macronutrients required by cowpea and the irrigation via fertigation with these biofertilizers positively influences the development of cowpea.


2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 264-274
Author(s):  
Alisson Franco Torres da Silva ◽  
Rodrigo Cirqueira Avelino ◽  
Leonardo Pereira da Silva Brito ◽  
João Carlos Rocha dos Anjos ◽  
José Valdenor da Silva Júnior ◽  
...  

Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) is a leafy vegetable that could be grown under mineral or organic fertilizing, being also very influenced by environmental conditions. This study evaluated the growth and yield of lettuce cultivars submitted to different doses of organic fertilization and environmental conditions. The experiment was carried out at the Horticulture Sector of the Campus Cinobelina Elvas, at the Federal University of Piauí (CPCE/UFPI), Brazil. The experimental was carried out in a completely randomized block design, with the treatments distributed in split-split-plot, according to cultivation systems in the plots (with 50% of shading and outdoor cultivation), organic fertilization rates in subplots (0, 20, 40, 60 and 80 t ha-1) and lettuce cultivars in the sub-subplots (‘Delícia’, ‘Babá de Verão’ and ‘Itapuã 401’) with three repetitions and with eighteen plants per experimental unity and four useful plants per plot. Plant height, number of leaves, head circumference, stem length, leaf area, leaves chlorophyll content, commercial fresh mass, shoot dry matter and lettuce yield were evaluated. For the conditions in which the present study was carried out, the use of doses of organic fertilization with cattle manure influenced lettuce growth and yield using 50% of shading and is also suggested the use of the cultivars ‘Delícia’ and ‘Babá de Verão’, in a protected environment (50% of shade).


Irriga ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 444-459
Author(s):  
Jailton Garcia Ramos ◽  
Vera Lúcia Antunes De Lima ◽  
Ronaldo do Nascimento ◽  
Narcísio Cabral De Araújo ◽  
Rafaela Felix Basílio Guimarães ◽  
...  

PARÂMETROS FISIOLÓGICOS DO MILHO CULTIVADO SOB ADUBAÇÃO ORGANOMINERAL DE NPK, ÁGUA AMARELA E MANIPUEIRA     JAILTON GARCIA RAMOS1; VERA LÚCIA ANTUNES DE LIMA2; RONALDO DO NASCIMENTO3; NARCÍSIO CABRAL DE ARAÚJO4; RAFAELA FÉLIX BASÍLIO GUIMARÃES5 E MARIANA DE OLIVEIRA PEREIRA6   1 Unidade Acadêmica de Engenharia Agrícola, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, campus Campina Grande, Rua Aprígio Veloso, 882 - Universitário, 58429-900, Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brasil.  [email protected]; 2 Unidade Acadêmica de Engenharia Agrícola, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, campus Campina Grande, Rua Aprígio Veloso, 882 - Universitário, 58429-900, Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brasil. [email protected]; 3 Unidade Acadêmica de Engenharia Agrícola, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, campus Campina Grande, Rua Aprígio Veloso, 882 - Universitário, 58429-900, Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brasil. [email protected]; 4 Centro de Formação em Tecno-ciências e Inovações, Universidade Federal do Sul da Bahia, , Campus Itabuna, Rodovia de Acesso para Itabuna, km 39 - Ferradas, 45613-204, Itabuna, Bahia, Brasil. [email protected]; 5 Unidade Acadêmica de Engenharia Agrícola, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, campus Campina Grande, Rua Aprígio Veloso, 882 - Universitário, 58429-900, Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brasil. [email protected]; 6 Unidade Acadêmica de Engenharia Agrícola, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, campus Campina Grande, Rua Aprígio Veloso, 882 - Universitário, 58429-900, Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brasil. [email protected].     1 RESUMO   Objetivou-se neste trabalho, avaliar parâmetros fisiológicos do milho híbrido AG 1051 cultivado em ambiente protegido em solo fertilizado com urina humana e manipueira. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualisado com quatorze tratamentos e quatro repetições, totalizando 56 parcelas. Os tratamentos foram: T1 (NPK), T2 (470 mL), T3 (670 mL), T4 (870 mL), T5 (1070 mL), T6 (1270 mL), T7 (1470 mL), T8 (F - NPK), T9 (F - 470 mL), T10 (F – 670 mL), T11 (F – 870 mL), T12 (F – 1070 mL), T13 (F – 1270 mL) e T14 (F – 1470 mL). Os volumes aplicados foram a combinação de urina humana + manipueira tratadas como adubação de fundação e fertirrigação (F).  Foram avaliadas as variáveis de pigmento (clorofilas A, B, total e carotenóides), SPAD e °Brix. O tratamento T1 promoveu incremento de 43,94% no índice SPAD em relação ao T2. Mariores incrementos na concentração de sólidos solúveis totais foram obtidos para T1, T5, T7 e T8. O tratmento T13 promoveu valores máximos de clorofila A e total de 3843,703 e 5479,152 μgg-1 respectivamente. E para T14 os rendimentos máximos foram para as variáveis clorofila B e carotenoides (2805,197 e 333440,042 μgg-1). Os tratamentos influenciam positivamente todas as variáveis fisiológicas.   Palavras–chave: ecossanemamento, urina humana, biofertilizante líquido, reuso agrícola         RAMOS, J.G.; DE LIMA, V. L. A.; DO NASCIMENTO, R.; DE ARAÚJO, N. C.; GUIMARÃES, R. F. B.; PEREIRA, M. O. PHYSIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF CORN CULTIVATED UNDER ORGANIC FERTILIZATION OF NPK, YELLOW WATER AND CASSAVA WASTEWATER      2 ABSTRACT   The aim of this study was to evaluate the physiological parameters of the hybrid corn AG 1051 grown in a protected environment in soil fertilized with human urine and treated cassava wastewater. The experimental design was completely randomized with fourteen treatments and four replications, thus totaling 56 experimental units. The treatments were as follows: T1 (NPK), T2 (470 mL), T3 (670 mL), T4 (870 mL), T5 (1070 ml), T6 (1270 ml), T7 (1470 mL), T8 (F - NPK), T9 (F - 470 ml), T10 (F - 670 ml), T11 (F - 870 ml), T12 (F - 1070 ml), T13 (F - 1270) and T14 (F - 1470). The volume applied is the combination of human urine + cassava wastewater treated as foundation fertilization and fertigation (F). The production of chlorophylls A, B, total and carotenoids, SPAD and °Brix were evaluated. The T1 treatment promoted an increase of 43.94% in the SPAD index in relation to T2. Height increases in total soluble solids concentration were obtained for T1, T5, T7 and T8. The T13 treatment promoted maximum values of chlorophyll A and total of 3843.703 and 5479.152 μgg-1 respectively. For T14 the maximum yields were for the variables chlorophyll B and carotenoids (2805.197 and 333440.042 μgg-1). Treatments positively influence all physiological variables.   Keywords: eco sanitation, human urine, liquid biofertilizer, reuse agriculture.


2020 ◽  
pp. 1427-1432
Author(s):  
Lunara de Sousa Alves ◽  
Mário Leno Martins Véras ◽  
Nelto Almeida de Sousa ◽  
Fernanda Ferreira de Araújo ◽  
Edinete Nunes de Melo ◽  
...  

The use of saline water in agriculture is an alternative, especially in regions with water scarcity, such as the Brazilian Northeast semiarid. However, salt stress considerably reduces plant growth and development. In this sense, the objective was to evaluate the morphophysiological responses of the ornamental sunflower irrigated with saline water under application of silicon. The experimental design was entirely randomized conducted in a factorial 4 x 5 with 6 replicates, related to four electrical conductivity of the irrigation water (ECw): 0.5; 1.5; 2.5 and 3.5 dS m-1 five silicon rates: 0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 mg L-1, proceeding to the evaluation of: plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves, absolute and relative growth rates, initial fluorescence, maximum fluorescence, variable fluorescence, maximum efficiency of the photochemical process in FSII, potential quantum yield of photosystem II, stomatal conductance and instant efficiency in the use of water. The gradual increase of ECw reduces growth, chlorophyll fluorescence a and stomatal opening of the ornamental sunflower plants. The application of silicon above 100 mg L-1 promotes a decrease in ornamental sunflower stomatal conductance. It is recommended to irrigate ornamental sunflower plants with water of 0.5 dS m-1 associated with the application of 100 mg L-1 of silicon.


2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 213 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. G. Ramos ◽  
M. T. C. C. Do Nascimento ◽  
R. F. B. Guimarães ◽  
M. De O. Pereira ◽  
V. E. Borges ◽  
...  

Currently there is a great need for reuse of water in agricultural activity, aiming at reducing environmental impacts and production costs. The objective of this study was to evaluate the fruit production of hybrid Satrapo bell pepper, under fertilization with yellow water and cassava wastewater. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse located at Campina Grande city, PB. The experimental design was completely randomized, with eight treatments and five replications, totaling 40 experimental plots. The treatments were characterized by fertilization with cattle manure (EB); NPK; human urine (HU); cassava wastewater (M); cassava wastewater and human urine (UH+M); the double volume of human urine (2xUH); the double volume of cassava wastewater (2xM); and the double volume of human urine and cassava wastewater (2xUH+M). At 60 day after transplanting (DAT) were evaluated the diameter, thickness of mesocarp, fresh and dry phytomass and number of lobes of yellow bell pepper fruits.According to the results, there were significant differences in the variables analyzed due to the treatments applied. The treatment corresponding to 2xM provided the highest results for length, diameter, thickness of the mesocarp, fresh and dry phytomass of the bell pepper fruits. On the contrary, 2xUH was the treatment that provided the lowest values for these variables and provided the highest number of lobes.


Author(s):  
Narcísio C. de Araújo ◽  
Vera L. A. de Lima ◽  
Geovani S. de Lima ◽  
Elysson M. G. Andrade ◽  
Jailton G. Ramos ◽  
...  

ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the contents of macronutrients (NPK and S) and the growth of ‘Potiguar’ corn fertigated with human urine, cassava wastewater and their associations with NPK. The experiment was set up in greenhouse located on Campus I of Universidade Federal de Campina Grande. A completely randomized experimental design was used, consisting of eight treatments, corresponding to fertigation with mineral fertilizer NPK formula; organic, composed of yellow water, cassava wastewater and human urine associated with cassava wastewater; organomineral, composed of human urine associated with phosphorus and potassium, cassava wastewater associated with nitrogen and phosphorus and human urine associated with cassava wastewater and phosphorus, with five repetitions. At 50 days after sowing (DAS), plants were evaluated for the leaf NPK and S concentrations and growth variables: number of leaves, plant height, stem diameter, leaf area, fresh and dry mass of leaves, mass of stem and shoots. Nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations and the growth variables number of leaves, plant height, fresh and dry mass of leaves, mass of stem and of shoot were influenced by fertigation with human urine, cassava wastewater concentrations and their associations with NPK. In the leaves of corn cultivar Potiguar the accumulated concentrations of N, P and K, at 50 DAS, varied in the sequence N > K > P. Human urine has potential as source of N in fertigation of corn and cassava wastewater can be used if associated with other sources of nutrients.


2008 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph B. Yavitt ◽  
S. Joseph Wright

Abstract:We irrigated and fertilized (with nutrients) seedlings of Doliocarpus olivaceus (Dilleniaceae, a shade-tolerant liana), Faramea occidentalis (Rubiaceae, a shade-tolerant understorey tree) and Tetragastris panamensis (Burseraceae, a shade-tolerant canopy tree) growing in the understorey of an old-growth tropical moist forest in Panama to assess the impact of seasonal water availability and nutrient-poor soils on seedling growth rates. In control plots, height growth rates were greater in the dry season than in the wet season for Doliocarpus (21%) and for Faramea (89%), whereas Tetragastris had similar seasonal rates. For numbers of leaves, Faramea had 3.5-fold greater relative growth rates in the dry season than in the wet season, while Doliocarpus and Tetragastris lost leaves (semi-deciduous) during the same period. Irrigation and nutrient augmentation increased height growth rates for all three species (45% to 272%). For Doliocarpus, irrigation and nutrient augmentation prevented leaf fall during the dry season. For Faramea in the dry season, irrigation and nutrient augmentation when applied independently reduced the growth of new leaves by 65% to 87%, but relative growth rates for number of leaves were the same as the control rates in the combined irrigation and nutrient augmentation treatment. The growth of new leaves for Tetragastris responded to dry-season irrigation but not nutrient augmentation. Although all measurements occurred beneath the forest canopy, during the dry season, Tetragastris had a negative relationship between canopy openness and relative growth rate for number of leaves, whereas the other two species had a positive relationship. Our results show that soil resources influence growth rates even in the deep shade of the forest understorey, and demonstrate different responses to soil resources among species that might contribute to niche differentiation and species coexistence.


1961 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 49-54
Author(s):  
S. U. Khan

It is sometimes said that "national planning will simply have no meaning if it completely ignores the economic disparities between the two wings and fails to evolve a sensible pattern of regional planning"2. The lack of much essential data on a regional basis, however, renders any precise estimate of the relative growth rates almost impossible. Data either are not available or are inadequate on such important variables as production, income, consumption and trade, so that even a correct evaluation of past development efforts is not possible. The implications of such a situation for future planning are not difficult to understand. In this article an attempt is made to estimate the absorption of specified commodities in East and West Pakistan separately3. This will indicate the pattern of consumption and also give a rough idea about the growth rate of the two wings. With this purpose in view, quantity indices of absorption are prepared for each wing separately, taking data on availability of goods and prices from the Institute's monograph on Inflation. The quantity indi¬ces, however, are not of course strictly comparable with national income estimates because of the difference in coverage of the two series. National income data include government, services, trade, etc., while the quantity indices cover only specified goods available for each region.


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