scholarly journals Genetic Divergence in Urena lobata Accessions to Quantitative Traits

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Lucinete Miranda Gomes ◽  
Albejamere Pereira de Castro ◽  
Therezinha de Jesus Pinto Fraxe ◽  
Pedro de Queiroz Costa Neto ◽  
Angela Maria da Silva Mendes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Genetic Improvement ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Germplasm Collection ◽  
Clustering Method ◽  
Reliable Measure ◽  
High Heritability ◽  
Great Divergence ◽  
Phenotypic Groups ◽  
Selection Of

In this study, 14 quantitative traits were evaluated, divided into five distinct categories, related to the plants, leaves, flowers, fruits and seeds of seven Mallow accessions belonging to the NUSEC/UFAM germplasm collection. With the characteristics measured, the genetic variability of the accessions was evaluated, aiming at the genetic improvement of the culture. Through the analysis of variance, it was possible to assemble and propose the 14 agronomic descriptors, being that with the application of the clustering method (UPGMA), which generated a dendrogram of dissimilarity, it was possible to divide the seven genotypes into two distinct phenotypic groups, and their subgroups. The study showed that there is a great divergence between the accesses and the recommendation for the crossover is between the accesses ANÃ/MAC, ANÃ/MAQ and PIN/BER. The high heritability observed for the characters analyzed suggests the phenotypic value as a reliable measure for selection of the genotypes studied.

scholarly journals Selection of indexes to evaluate the genetic variability aiming ornamental use of peppers accessions

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petterson Baptista Da Luz ◽  
Alessandro Aparecido Brito Dos Santos ◽  
Valdete Campos Ambrosio ◽  
Leonarda Grillo Neves ◽  
Armando Reis Tavares
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Germplasm Collection ◽  
State University ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
High Heritability ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Germplasm Banks ◽  
Selection Of

There are few varieties of commercial peppers for landscape use, although Capsicum germplasm banks in Brazil have accesses that can be used in breeding programs to create new ornamental peppers. The present study aims evaluate the genetic variability of pepper accesses in relation to their ornamental potential by a selection of indices. A total of 55 peppers accessions were used in the germplasm collection of Mato Grosso State University. The heritability of the studied variables showed that all the variables have high heritability. Fruit length and weight showed the highest heritability values with 99.88% and 99.67%, respectively. The selection based on Summa Rank-Based Index would result in plants with long fruits and peduncles, fruits with higher weight and wider, with leaves and petioles with longer lengths, and a reduction of other characteristics. The Base and the Classical Indexes are significant, as it would result in compact canopy and reduced plants, desired characteristics for ornamental plants. The index based on Summa Rank-Based Index permitted a great gain in pepper selection for ornamental purpose.

scholarly journals Potential exists to change, through breeding, the yield of individual primal carcass cuts in cattle without increasing overall carcass weight1

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (7) ◽  
pp. 2769-2779 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle M Judge ◽  
Thierry Pabiou ◽  
Jessica Murphy ◽  
Stephen B Conroy ◽  
P J Hegarty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
High Heritability ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Estimated Breeding Values ◽  
Coefficient Of Genetic Variation ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Carcass Cuts

Abstract The ability to alter the morphology of cattle towards greater yields of higher value primal cuts has the potential to increase the value of animals at slaughter. Using weight records of 14 primal cuts from 31,827 cattle, the objective of the present study was to quantify the extent of genetic variability in these primal cuts; also of interest was the degree of genetic variability in the primal cuts adjusted to a common carcass weight. Variance components were estimated for each primal cut using animal linear mixed models. The coefficient of genetic variation in the different primal cuts ranged from 0.05 (bavette) to 0.10 (eye of round) with a mean coefficient of genetic variation of 0.07. When phenotypically adjusted to a common carcass weight, the coefficient of genetic variation of the primal cuts was lesser ranging from 0.02 to 0.07 with a mean of 0.04. The heritability of the 14 primal cuts ranged from 0.14 (bavette) to 0.75 (topside) with a mean heritability across all cuts of 0.48; the heritability estimates reduced, and ranged from 0.12 (bavette) to 0.56 (topside), when differences in carcass weight were accounted for in the statistical model. Genetic correlations between each primal cut and carcass weight were all ≥0.77; genetic correlations between each primal cut and carcass conformation score were, on average, 0.59 but when adjusted to a common carcass weight, the correlations weakened to, on average, 0.27. The genetic correlations among all 14 primal cut weights was, on average, strong (mean correlation of 0.72 with all correlations being ≥0.37); when adjusted to a common carcass weight, the mean of the genetic correlations among all primal cuts was 0.10. The ability of estimated breeding values for a selection of primal cuts to stratify animals phenotypically on the respective cut weight was demonstrated; the weight of the rump, striploin, and fillet of animals estimated to be in the top 25% genetically for the respective cut, were 10 to 24%, 12 to 24%, and 7 to 17% heavier than the weight of cuts from animals predicted to be in the worst 25% genetically for that cut. Significant exploitable genetic variability in primal carcass cuts was clearly evident even when adjusted to a common carcass weight. The high heritability of many of the primal cuts infers that large datasets are not actually required to achieve high accuracy of selection once the structure of the data and the number of progeny per sire is adequate.

Genetic variability, principal component and cluster analyses in black gram under Foot-hills conditions of Manipur

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Samuel Jeberson ◽  
K. S. Shashidhar ◽  
Amit Kumar Singh
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Path Analysis ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Eigen Values ◽  
Correlation And Path Analysis ◽  
And Cluster Analysis ◽  
100 Seed Weight ◽  
Selection Of

Analysis of genetic variability, heritability, correlation, path analysis, principal component and cluster analysis was carried for 25 blackgram genotypes grown in the foothills of Manipur. The results showed that phenotypic coefficients of variability recorded were higher than the genotypic coefficients of variability, irrespective of traits, demonstrating the effect of environment thereon. The present study revealed that the heritability (bs) estimates were maximum (>50%) for the traits such as days taken to attain the 50% flowering, number of clusters/plant, number of pods/plant and 100 seed weight. The correlation and path analysis proved the selection of the yield attributes in blackgram based on the characters, viz., number of pods/plant and number of cluster/plants. The first three principal components, having the Eigen values more than 1, contributed 84.52% towards variability among the 25 genotypes screened for quantitative traits. Based on the average linkage, 25 genotypes were grouped into five (5) clusters.

scholarly journals Genetic variability, character associaton and path analysis in the tamarind (Tamarindus indica L.) population of Nallur tamarind grove

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
TR Singh ◽  
R Nandini
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Genetic Improvement ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Direct Effects ◽  
Seed Number ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
High Heritability ◽  
Beak Length ◽  
Positive Direct

An experiment was carried out during 2009-2010 on one hundred tamarind genotypes of the Nallur tamarind grove, a few kilometres away from Bengaluru International Airport, to investigate the genetic variability, character association and their direct and indirect effects on the fruit weight of tamarind. The genotypic coefficient of variation was high for seed weight, fibre weight, seed number, beak length and fruit weight. In all cases, phenotypic variances were higher than the genotypic variance. Moderate to high heritability as well as genetic advances were estimated for pod length, pod width, seed weight, seed number, number of ridges, number of furrows, pulp weight and fruit weight indicated that these traits was under additive gene control and selection for genetic improvement for these traits would be effective. Correlation studies revealed the highest significant association of fruit weight with seed weight followed by pulp weight, epicarp weight and seed number at genotypic and phenotypic level. Positive direct effects were produced by pulp weight and seed weight, while number of ridges had negative direct effects. The information obtained from the current studies can be used as selection criteria for genetic improvement of tamarind genotypes under study. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/sja.v12i1.21109 SAARC J. Agri., 12(1): 20-25 (2014)

scholarly journals Genetic variability of hull-less barley accessions based on molecular and quantitative data

2015 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 160-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Meneses Sayd ◽  
Renato Fernando Amabile ◽  
Fabio Gelape Faleiro ◽  
Graciele Bellon
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
The Other ◽  
Brazilian Cerrado ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Barley Genotypes ◽  
Selection Of

The objective of this work was to characterize and quantify the genetic, molecular, and agronomic variability of hull-less barley genotypes, for the selection of parents and identification of genotypes adapted to the irrigated production system in the Brazilian Cerrado. Eighteen hull-less barley accessions were evaluated, and three covered barley accessions served as reference. The characterization was based on 157 RAPD molecular markers and ten agronomic traits. Genetic distance matrices were obtained based on molecular markers and quantitative traits. Graphic grouping and dispersion analyses were performed. Genetic, molecular, and agronomic variability was high among genotypes. Ethiopian accessions were genetically more similar, and the Brazilian ones were genetically more distant. For agronomic traits, two more consistent groupings were obtained, one with the most two-rowed materials, and the other with six-rowed materials. The more diverging materials were the two-rowed CI 13453, CN Cerrado 5, CN Cerrado 1, and CN Cerrado 2. The PI 356466, CN Cerrado 1, PI 370799, and CI 13453 genotypes show agronomic traits of interest and, as genetically different genotypes, they are indicated for crossing, in breeding programs.

scholarly journals Methods for conservation of intra-varietal genetic variability in ancient grapevine varieties

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 01029
Author(s):  
E. Gonçalves ◽  
A. Martins
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Varietal Diversity ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Future Challenges ◽  
Selection Of

Conservation of intra-varietal genetic variability is a crucial strategy to preserve traditional viticulture and to face future challenges. Conservation can be performed through two processes: (1) conservation without other immediate objectives; (2) conservation which simultaneously ensures the evaluation of important quantitative traits (such as yield, must quality traits, tolerance to abiotic stresses). The second strategy permits the quantification of intra-varietal genetic variability for important quantitative traits and the selection of a superior group of genotypes (polyclonal selection). Based on the results obtained from the conservation of ancient Portuguese varieties, the abovementioned methods for conservation of intra-varietal diversity are compared, and the advantages and disadvantages of each one are discussed.

scholarly journals Genetic Variation, Heritability and Genetic Advance in Some Promising Rice Hybrids

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 39-49
Author(s):  
LF Lipi ◽  
MJ Hasan ◽  
A Akter ◽  
MR Quddus ◽  
PL Biswas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Reliable Index ◽  
Genotypic Variance ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
High Heritability ◽  
Almost All

Eleven rice hybrids including two check varieties were evaluated to approximate their genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance for ten quantitative traits. The analysis of variance illustrated that all the quantitative traits differed significantly indicating that enough variation is presenting the studied materials. Among the desirable quantitative traits number of filled spikelet’s per panicle was found to have highest both phenotypic and genotypic variance followed by total number of spikelet’s per panicle. Almost all the characters showed a little variation between PCV and GCV revealing little influence of the environment on the expression of traits. High phenotypic and genotypic variance coupled with high heritability and high genetic advance was observed for number of filled spikelet’s per panicle, total number of spikelet’s per panicle, plant height and number of unfilled spikelet’s per panicle. Such findings stipulated that these traits were governed by additive gene actions which are fixable and these traits may be accounted for reliable index of selection. The genotypes G3 (IR79156A × EL108R) and G6 (IR79156A × EL253R) were selected as high response superior promising rice hybrids for achievable yield advantage 49% and 23%, respectively over best check varieties. Therefore, the G3 and G6 are proposed to be extensively evaluated for further trial of variety release. SAARC J. Agri., 18(2): 39-49 (2020)

scholarly journals Estimation of Genetic Variability, Heritability and Genetic Advance in Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Genotypes for Tuber Yield and Yield Related Traits

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 2124-2130
Author(s):  
Awoke Ali Zeleke ◽  
Tiegist Dejene Abebe ◽  
Baye Berihun Getahun
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Late Blight ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
High Heritability ◽  
Improvement Programs ◽  
Genotypic Coefficient Of Variation

Potato is a high potential food security crop in Ethiopia. Genetic variability is the basis of all crop improvement programs. The study was conducted at Adet in 2018 with the objective of assessing the extent and pattern of genetic variability of potato genotypes for yield and yield related traits. A total of 36 potato genotypes were evaluated for 18 quantitative traits in simple lattice design. The analysis of variance revealed that highly significant difference among the tested potato genotypes for all quantitative traits except stem number per hill. The phenotypic coefficient of variation was ranged from 4.56 to 56.01% (for specific gravity and unmarketable tuber yield ha-1 respectively) and the genotypic coefficient of variation was ranged from 2.32 to 40.66% (specific gravity and late blight severity percentage respectively). Days to attain 50% emergence, leaf area index, number of marketable and total tubers per plant, marketable and total tuber yield ha-1, and late blight severity percentage showed high heritability and high genetic advance as percent of mean. Most of the traits had high phenotypic coefficient of variation and genotypic coefficient of variation; and coupled high heritability with high genetic advance as percent of mean. Traits having high heritability and high genetic advance as percent of means is effective for simple selection.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the genetic variability and genetic advance for salt tolerance in rice genotypes

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 262-270
Author(s):  
MM Huda ◽  
A Ferdausi ◽  
L Hassan ◽  
MA Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Breeding Program ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Root Dry Weight ◽  
High Heritability ◽  
Rice Genotypes ◽  
Selection Of

Soil salinity is considered as one of the greatest threats for rice production. Genetic variability analysis of morphological traits related to salt injury is mandatory, which could be helpful in the development of an appropriate breeding program for the selection of salt tolerant rice genotypes from the existing germplasm towards developing new salt tolerant rice varieties. Therefore, the present study has been aimed to evaluate the genetic variability parameters for fourteen morphological traits in thirty local and high yielding rice genotypes using hydroponic culture. Among the rice genotypes under study, Boilam, Nonabokri, Gunshi, Motabamonkhir showed the best performance regarding the morphological traits under different saline conditions (6 dSm -1 and 10 dS m-1). The PCV values were greater than the GCV values for all studied traits indicating the greater environmental influence on the traits. The highest percentage of GCV and PCV were observed in root dry weight, while the lowest were exhibited in main axis diameter. To assist the breeding program, along with variability, estimation of heritability and genetic advance has also been done. High heritability ranging from 80.24% to 94.66% was found among the traits. The genetic advance was highest for survival rate and the lowest was in root dry weight. Eventually, the results indicated the presence of high genetic variability, along with high heritability and genetic advance among genotypes and studied traits, which could provide further insight towards selection of parents for the development of salt tolerant rice varieties.Progressive Agriculture 28 (4): 262-270, 2017

scholarly journals Variations in agronomic traits of Soybean genotypes

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 90-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
MSA Khan ◽  
MA Karim ◽  
MM Haque ◽  
AJMS Karim ◽  
MAK Mian
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Morphological Similarity ◽  
Experimental Site ◽  
Soybean Genotypes ◽  
Clustering Pattern ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Selection Of

The experiment was conducted at the experimental site of Agronomy Department of the Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Salna, Gazipur during January to June 2010 to evaluate some important agronomic traits of one hundred and fifteen genotypes of soybean to screen out high yielding soybean genotypes. Considerable genetic variability was observed in the 115 germplasm. Depending on the variability in quantitative traits, the genotypes were grouped in six clusters. The genotypes which have greater morphological similarity were grouped in clusters. The results indicated the presence of high degree of divergence in the genotypes. The clustering pattern of the 115 soybean genotypes in six groups and their inter-group distances revealed that genotypes in Cluster III comprised of BARI Soybean 5, G00083, BARI Soybean 6, G00342, BD 2338, BD 2355, BD 2329, BD 2340, AGS 95, G00056, AGS 129, BD 2336, BGH 02026, BGM 02093, Galarsum, BD 2350, G00084, BD 2331, G00103 indicated better performance which could be marked for the selection of yield potential genotypes through further evaluation. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/sja.v12i2.21921 SAARC J. Agri., 12(2): 90-100 (2014)

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