Evaluation of the Antifungal Activity of Streptomyces sp. on Bipolaris sorokiniana and the Growth Promotion of Wheat Plants

Streptomyces sp. R18(6) and Streptomyces sp. 6(4) strains were evaluated for their ability to control brown spot and common root rot caused by Bipolaris sorokiniana in wheat crops. The antifungal activity of these isolates was tested using a double-layer assay and culture pairing at 28 °C. Physiological and enzymatic activity performed through siderophore, indole-3-acetic acid, nitrogen fixation and phosphate solubilization tests. The biocontrol of the disease and growth-promoting efficiency of wheat seedlings were assessed using in vivo assays in a greenhouse. In the culture pairing assays, both strains inhibited B. sorokiniana mycelial growth, while in the double-layer only Streptomyces sp. R18(6). Streptomyces sp. 6(4) produced auxin, siderophores, fixed nitrogen and solubilized phosphate, whereas R18(6) did not produce siderophores. In the greenhouse assays, strain R18(6) showed statistical differences in shoot dry mass and root dry mass compared with those of strain 6(4) in the presence of the phytopathogen (P ≤ 0.05), and these results were more evident when the environmental temperature was higher. In the absence of the phytopathogen, Streptomyces sp. 6(4) strain increased the root dry mass compared with that of the control during the same period. Therefore, these isolates can potentially control root rot and brown spotting and may promote the growth of wheat plants.

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Screening endophytic actinobacteria with potential antifungal activity against Bipolaris sorokiniana and growth promotion of wheat seedlings

African Journal of Microbiology Research ◽

10.5897/ajmr2016.8164 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 10 (36) ◽

pp. 1494-1505 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Minotto Elisandra ◽

Pasqualini Milagre Luciana ◽

Spadari Cristina ◽

Feltrin Thaisa ◽

Elisa Ballarini Ana ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antifungal Activity ◽

Growth Promotion ◽

Bipolaris Sorokiniana ◽

Wheat Seedlings ◽

Endophytic Actinobacteria

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Bacillus megaterium-Mediated Synthesis of Selenium Nanoparticles and Their Antifungal Activity against Rhizoctonia solani in Faba Bean Plants

Journal of Fungi ◽

10.3390/jof7030195 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. 195

Author(s):

Amr H. Hashem ◽

Amer M. Abdelaziz ◽

Ahmed A. Askar ◽

Hossam M. Fouda ◽

Ahmed M. A. Khalil ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antifungal Activity ◽

Vicia Faba ◽

Root Rot ◽

Antifungal Agents ◽

Damping Off ◽

Growth Promoters ◽

Root Rot Disease ◽

Rot Disease

Rhizoctonia root-rot disease causes severe economic losses in a wide range of crops, including Vicia faba worldwide. Currently, biosynthesized nanoparticles have become super-growth promoters as well as antifungal agents. In this study, biosynthesized selenium nanoparticles (Se-NPs) have been examined as growth promoters as well as antifungal agents against Rhizoctonia solani RCMB 031001 in vitro and in vivo. Se-NPs were synthesized biologically by Bacillus megaterium ATCC 55000 and characterized by using UV-Vis spectroscopy, XRD, dynamic light scattering (DLS), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) imaging. TEM and DLS images showed that Se-NPs are mono-dispersed spheres with a mean diameter of 41.2 nm. Se-NPs improved healthy Vicia faba cv. Giza 716 seed germination, morphological, metabolic indicators, and yield. Furthermore, Se-NPs exhibited influential antifungal activity against R. solani in vitro as well as in vivo. Results revealed that minimum inhibition and minimum fungicidal concentrations of Se-NPs were 0.0625 and 1 mM, respectively. Moreover, Se-NPs were able to decrease the pre-and post-emergence of R. solani damping-off and minimize the severity of root rot disease. The most effective treatment method is found when soaking and spraying were used with each other followed by spraying and then soaking individually. Likewise, Se-NPs improve morphological and metabolic indicators and yield significantly compared with infected control. In conclusion, biosynthesized Se-NPs by B. megaterium ATCC 55000 are a promising and effective agent against R. solani damping-off and root rot diseases in Vicia faba as well as plant growth inducer.

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Antagonistic Strain Bacillus amyloliquefaciens XZ34-1 for Controlling Bipolaris sorokiniana and Promoting Growth in Wheat

Pathogens ◽

10.3390/pathogens10111526 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (11) ◽

pp. 1526

Author(s):

Yanjie Yi ◽

Youtian Shan ◽

Shifei Liu ◽

Yanhui Yang ◽

Yang Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Biological Control ◽

Root Rot ◽

Bacillus Amyloliquefaciens ◽

Biological Control Agent ◽

Wheat Yield ◽

Bipolaris Sorokiniana ◽

Common Root ◽

Bioactive Substances ◽

Wheat Seedlings ◽

Common Root Rot

Common root rot, caused by Bipolaris sorokiniana, is one of the most prevalent diseases of wheat and has led to major declines in wheat yield and quality worldwide. Here, strain XZ34-1 was isolated from soil and identified as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens based on the morphological, physiological, biochemical characteristics and 16S rDNA sequence. Culture filtrate (CF) of strain XZ34-1 showed a high inhibition rate against B.sorokiniana and had a broad antifungal spectrum. It also remarkably inhibited the mycelial growth and spore germination of B. sorokiniana. In pot control experiments, the incidence and disease index of common root rot in wheat seedlings were decreased after treatment with CF, and the biological control efficacy was significant, up to 78.24%. Further studies showed XZ34-1 could produce antifungal bioactive substances and had the potential of promoting plant growth. Lipopeptide genes detection with PCR indicated that strain XZ34-1 may produce lipopeptides. Furthermore, activities of defense-related enzymes were enhanced in wheat seedlings after inoculation with B.sorokiniana and treatment with CF, which showed induced resistance could be produced in wheat to resist pathogens. These results reveal that strain XZ34-1 is a promising candidate for application as a biological control agent against B.sorokiniana.

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Lab and Field Level Potential of Endophytic Bacteria in Managing the Dry Root Rot Disease in Black Gram Incited by Rhizoctonia bataticola (Taubenh) Butler

Legume Research - An International Journal ◽

10.18805/lr-4522 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

N. Kiran Kumar ◽

P. Nagamani ◽

K. Viswanath ◽

L. Prasanthi

Keyword(s):

Root Rot ◽

Protease Activity ◽

Endophytic Bacteria ◽

Phosphate Solubilization ◽

Growth Promotion ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Black Gram ◽

Rhizoctonia Bataticola

Background: The plant growth promotion and efficacy against phytopathogens by the endophytic bacteria are being focused now due to their ecofriendly nature. Methods: Endophytic bacteria (24 nos) isolated from the roots, stems and leaves of black gram plants collected from different locations were tested for their potential to inhibit the growth of R. bataticola under in vitro and in vivo conditions. Result: The leaf endophyte BLE 4 exhibited maximum inhibition (79.6%) of R. bataticola followed by BSE 4 (77.4%), BSE 7 (77.0%) and BLE 1 (74.0%). Among these 4 isolates tested as seed treatment and soil application, there was significant increase in dry weight (7.1 g), plant height (37.7 cm), number of branches (13.2) and number of pods (26.2) in BLE 4 treated plots. Whereas, the incidence of dry root rot and yield were insignificant. In the screening study of isolates for their phosphate solubilization potential, protease activity, siderophore and HCN production, no single isolate possessed all the properties, but siderophore production, protease activity and phosphate solubilization were found in BSE 4, BRE 3, BRE 5 and BRE 10 isolates.

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Nocardiopsis dassonvillei strain MB22 from the Algerian Sahara promotes wheat seedlings growth and potentially controls the common root rot pathogen Bipolaris sorokiniana

Journal of Plant Pathology ◽

10.1007/s42161-019-00347-x ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 101 (4) ◽

pp. 1115-1125 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Khadidja Allali ◽

Yacine Goudjal ◽

Miyada Zamoum ◽

Khaoula Bouznada ◽

Nasserdine Sabaou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Root Rot ◽

Bipolaris Sorokiniana ◽

Common Root ◽

Wheat Seedlings ◽

Common Root Rot ◽

Algerian Sahara ◽

The Common

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The mycorrhizal fungi of Cymbidium promote the growth of Dendrobiumofficinale by increasing environmental stress tolerance

PeerJ ◽

10.7717/peerj.12555 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

pp. e12555

Author(s):

Yulong Li ◽

Zhihua Kang ◽

Xia Zhang ◽

Ping Sun ◽

Xiaohui Jiang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Environmental Stress ◽

Stress Tolerance ◽

Root Rot ◽

Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Growth Promotion ◽

Stress Test ◽

Important Health ◽

High Level

Dendrobium officinale is a medicinal herbal plant with important health care value and high demand. Due to its slow growth and scarcity in nature, its yield depends on intensified cultivation while biotic and abiotic stresses were important factors that causes production loss. Orchidaceae can form association with rhizoctonias collectively, and studies have found that some orchids showed a high level of strain-species specificity to orchid mycorrhizal fungi (OMF), yet the specificity of OMF on D. officinale needs to explored. In this study, the effects on D. officinale of four OMF isolated from Cymbidium were tested. The obviously higher mass yield of the treated plants in medium and pots indicated the growth promotion effect of the fungi. Furthermore, an abiotic stress test indicated stronger drought tolerance among the treated plants. For the biotic stress test, two root rot pathogens, Fusarium solani and Fusarium graminearum , were isolated and identified from root rot of D. officinale. In an in vitro inhibition test, the four OMF could resist the growth of these pathogens. In vivo studies showed that these four OMF could improve the survival rate and fresh weight and decrease the root rot rate of pathogen-inoculated seedlings. The four OMF namely; Hyphomycete sp., Umbelopsis sp., Ceratorhiza sp. and Ceratorhiza sp. are compatible strains for improving the growth rate of D. officinale by increasing its environmental stress tolerance, providing an effective way to supply resources through artificial reproduction.

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Effect of fungal infection on the composition of acyl lipids in wheat seedlings

Biochemical Society Transactions ◽

10.1042/bst0280920 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 28 (6) ◽

pp. 920-922

Author(s):

A. G. Vereshchagin ◽

A. V. Zhukov

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acid Composition ◽

Fatty Acid ◽

Root Rot ◽

Bipolaris Sorokiniana ◽

Total Lipids ◽

Wheat Seedlings ◽

Inhibition Of Growth ◽

Plant Organ ◽

Strong Deviation ◽

Acyl Lipids

Infection of etiolated wheat seedlings with a root rot fungus Bipolaris sorokiniana caused a strong deviation in the fatty acid composition of their total lipids from the control. The deviation occurred at the expense of that lipid group, which predominates in a given plant organ (shoots or roots), and peak deviation coincided with the onset of a severe inhibition of growth.

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Molecular and pathogenic characterization of Cochliobolus anamorphs associated with common root rot of wheat in Azerbaijan

Phytopathologia Mediterranea ◽

10.36253/phyto-10772 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 59 (1) ◽

pp. 147-158

Author(s):

Göksel ÖZER ◽

Mustafa IMREN ◽

Mehtap ALKAN ◽

Timothy C. PAULITZ ◽

Harun BAYRAKTAR ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Population Structure ◽

Root Rot ◽

Phylogenetic Analyses ◽

Bipolaris Sorokiniana ◽

Primer Binding Site ◽

Common Root ◽

Discrimination Power ◽

Wheat Seedlings ◽

Arithmetic Average ◽

Common Root Rot

Genetic variation among the Azerbaijani isolates of anamorphs of Cochliobolus spp., the causal agents of common root rot of wheat, was evaluated using pathogenicity assessments, sequence analyses of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPDH) gene, as well as inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) and inter-primer binding site (iPBS) markers. Twenty-eight isolates used in this study were obtained from diseased wheat plants in cereal growing regions of Azerbaijan in 2017. Bipolaris sorokiniana, Curvularia spicifera, and Curvularia inaequalis were identified. Bipolaris sorokiniana isolates were the most virulent on wheat seedlings, followed by isolates of C. spicifera and C. inaequalis. Phylogenetic analyses of a combined dataset of the ITS and GPDH regions grouped the isolates into three clusters, each of which contained isolates of one species. The dendrogram derived from the unweighted pair-grouped method by arithmetic average (UPGMA) cluster analyses based on the data of ISSR and iPBS markers divided the isolates into three clusters in concordance to their taxonomic grouping at species level, but without correlation to their geographic origins. Population structure of isolates was estimated based on Bayesian modelling, and this showed three populations (K = 3) supporting the separation of isolates in the dendrogram with the greatest mean value of Ln likelihood (-893,8). Utilization of the markers either separately or together produced a high level of polymorphism at interspecies level, which allowed for the separation of species. Although both marker systems had similar discrimination power to reveal genetic differences among the species, ISSR markers were more informative for eliciting intraspecies polymorphisms within B. sorokiniana and C. spicifera isolates. This is the first study on genetic diversity and population structure of anamorphic stages of Cochliobolus associated with common root rot of wheat using iPBS markers.

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Detection of antifungal activity of plant extracts on Alternaria citrus

Summa Phytopathologica ◽

10.1590/0100-5405/2199 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 44 (2) ◽

pp. 185-188

Author(s):

Tatiane Triaca ◽

Helen Corso Cavião ◽

Márcia Regina Pansera ◽

Leandro Venturin ◽

Valdirene Camatti Sartori

Keyword(s):

Antifungal Activity ◽

Fruit Quality ◽

Crude Extract ◽

Trifolium Pratense ◽

Inhibitory Effect ◽

Reproductive Period ◽

Brown Spot ◽

Alternaria Brown Spot

ABSTRACT For approximately 15 years, Brazilian citriculture has suffered considerable losses in productivity and fruit quality as a result of the attack by the phytopathogen Alternaria alternata f.sp. citri, which causes Alternaria brown spot (ABS). The disease control is still performed with the massive use of agrochemicals, reaching up to twenty applications per reproductive period. The present study evaluated the efficiency of in vitro and in vivo ABS control by using fermented extracts of Trifolium pratense and Daucus pusillus as a means to control the disease. Fermented extracts autoclaved at 40% showed 100% inhibition, while the crude extract of both plants had no inhibitory effect. In vivo, the best results were found with the preventive test of non-autoclaved Trifolium pratense, which inhibited the onset of the disease by 93%.

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The Role of Chitinase Production by Stenotrophomonas maltophilia Strain C3 in Biological Control of Bipolaris sorokiniana

Phytopathology ◽

10.1094/phyto.2000.90.4.384 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 90 (4) ◽

pp. 384-389 ◽

Cited By ~ 88

Author(s):

Zhongge Zhang ◽

Garry Y. Yuen

Keyword(s):

Biological Control ◽

Antifungal Activity ◽

Leaf Spot ◽

Wild Type Strain ◽

Bipolaris Sorokiniana ◽

Chitinase Activity ◽

Wild Type ◽

Chitinase Production

The role of chitinase production by Stenotrophomonas maltophilia strain C3 in biological control of leaf spot on tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea), caused by Bipolaris sorokiniana, was investigated in vitro and in vivo. The filtrate of a broth culture of C3, with chitin as the carbon source, was separated into fractions. A high molecular-weight fraction (>8 kDa) was chitinolytic and more inhibitory than a low-molecular-weight, nonchitinolytic fraction to conidial germination and hyphal growth by B. sorokiniana and to leaf spot development. A protein fraction derived by ammonium sulfate precipitation and a chitinase fraction purified by chitin affinity chromatography also were chitinolytic and highly antifungal. The chitinolytic fractions caused swelling and vacuolation of conidia and discoloration, malformation, and degradation of germ tubes. When boiled, the chitinolytic fractions lost chitinase activity along with most of the antifungal properties. Two chitinase-deficient and two chitinase-reduced mutants of C3 were compared with the wild-type strain for inhibition of germination of B. sorokiniana conidia on tall fescue leaves and for suppression of leaf spot development in vivo. The mutants exhibited reduced antifungal activity and biocontrol efficacy, but did not lose all biocontrol activity. An aqueous extract of leaves colonized by wild-type C3 had higher chitinase activity than that of noncolonized leaves and was inhibitory to conidial germination. The addition of chitin to leaves along with the wild-type strain increased both chitinase and antifungal activity. The chitinase activity level of extracts from leaves colonized by a chitinase-deficient mutant of C3, with and without added chitin, was no higher than the background, and the extracts lacked antifungal activity. Chitinolysis appears to be one mechanism of biological control by strain C3, and it functions in concert with other mechanisms.

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