scholarly journals Juvenile Crime: Current State and Dynamics

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikoli V. Valuiskov ◽  
Lubov V. Bondarenk ◽  
Ani D. Arutiunian
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Delinquency ◽  
Crime Prevention ◽  
Criminal Behavior ◽  
Juvenile Crime ◽  
Behavior Prediction ◽  
Delinquency Prevention ◽  
Preventive Action ◽  
Current State ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Individual

The article presents a comprehensive analysis of the problems of general and individual juvenile delinquency prevention. The definition of «general social crime preventive action» is given, its objectives and types are defined. The necessity of investing efforts and resources not in the repressive programs, but in the fundamental long-term programs aimed at the gradual elimination of social and economic disparities being the cause of the increase in crime rate among teenagers. The components and targets of individual crime prevention have been identified. The individual subjects of the juvenile crime prevention have been classified. The requirements for the subjects of the individual criminal behavior prediction have been formulated in order to create the theoretical and organizational prerequisites for the reliability of the individual behavior forecasts. As a result, the special measures of juvenile delinquency prevention have been proposed.

scholarly journals Juvenile Justice as a Guarantee for the Prevention of Juvenile Delinquency

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 20-23
Author(s):  
Sergey E. Smirnykh ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Delinquency ◽  
Juvenile Justice ◽  
Special Needs ◽  
Crime Prevention ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Juvenile Crime ◽  
Delinquency Prevention ◽  
World Community ◽  
The World ◽  
The Right

The article deals with the issues of international legal cooperation in the sphere of juvenile justice as a guarantee of juvenile delinquency prevention. It is stated that one of the most important rights of children in the sphere of juvenile crime prevention is the right of children for protection from crime and its harmful consequences. The world community and individual states need to prevent children’s contact with criminals, who have a particularly negative impact on children, given their special needs related to their age and development. Prevention of juvenile delinquency should be aimed at preventing the involvement of juveniles in criminal activities. Juvenile justice is the most effective way to prevent juvenile delinquency.

scholarly journals Social Conditionality of Establishing Criminal Responsibility and Punishment for Military Personnel

Lex Russica ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (6) ◽  
pp. 97-109
Author(s):  
V. P. Bodaevskiy
Keyword(s):  
Public Relations ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Military Personnel ◽  
Criminal Behavior ◽  
Criminal Responsibility ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Military Law ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Individual

Many publications are devoted to the identification of social conditionality of criminal regulations. However, the science of criminal law does not have any comprehensive research on the social conditionality of establishing criminal responsibility and punishment for military personnel. In this regard, its essence, features and criteria for identification remain practically unknown. The paper reveals the problematic aspects of the concept and meaning of social conditionality of establishing criminal responsibility and punishment for military personnel; the author’s definition is given. Based on the widespread opinion in the theory of criminal law that the mechanism for identifying this social condition consists of criteria that are studied by the legislator at the appropriate stages of the processes of criminalization (decriminalization) and penalization (depenalization) of military socially dangerous acts, the author analyses them in detail. The problem of ways of legal regulation of criminal responsibility and punishment of military personnel is touched upon. It is stated that the peculiarity of the definition of this social conditionality is the resolution by the legislator, among other dilemmas, of the question of the need for normative fixing of a special military or ordinary prohibition and (or) fixing of the corresponding special military regulationsin the general part of the Criminal Law.The author concludes that the identification of social conditionality of the criminal-normative prescription on responsibility and punishment of military personnel is one of the important tasks of modern science of criminal law, which necessitates the development of a unified approach to the structure and content of this process. The establishment of the theoretical and legal essence of this conditionality should be considered as the most important step in this direction. The author offers the following definition. It is the compliance of criminal regulations that establish responsibility and punishment for criminal behavior of military personnel, resulting from the demand of society in the objective need for criminal law protection of military law and order and other public relations that are most important for the individual, society and the state.

Delinquency Prevention: Recommendations for Future Projects

1978 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard J. Lundman ◽  
Frank R. Scarpitti
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Delinquency ◽  
Treatment Approach ◽  
Individual Treatment ◽  
Delinquency Prevention ◽  
The Individual

A review of forty past or continuing attempts at the prevention of juvenile delinquency leads to the nearly inescapable conclusion that none of these projects has successfully prevented delinquency. After briefly examining the results of previous projects, the authors discuss a series of nine recom mendations for future projects. These recommendations include separa tion of implementation and evaluation, enrichment or abandonment of the individual treatment approach, diversification of evaluative measures, and greater sensitivity to the rights of the juvenile subjects involved in future projects.

scholarly journals Recognition of Unlawful Behavior of Unknown Persons Inclined to Committing Offenses in Social Isolation Places

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Kaluzhina ◽  
Boris Spasennikov ◽  
Alina Lebedeva
Keyword(s):  
Social Isolation ◽  
Criminal Behavior ◽  
Penal System ◽  
Abstract Model ◽  
Digital Environment ◽  
Institutional Control ◽  
Current State ◽  
Modeling And Forecasting ◽  
Definition Of

Based on the analysis of the current state of the penal system, the article analyzes present-day approaches in the system of tools for understanding unlawful manifestations of pre-criminal behavior in places of social isolation. It states the importance of traditional methods of operational and investigative diagnostics and operational and investigative identification in obtaining primary information regarding the objects of operational interest. According to the criteria of the criminal encroachment object and the degree of importance of the relations protected by the criminal law, which could be damaged if an offense is committed in terms of social isolation, the article carries out an analysis and offers a classification of the objects that need to be monitored by the operational and institutional control. The article analyses the possibilities of specific characteristics of the digital environment, innovative modeling and forecasting methods that underlie the construction of an abstract model of pre-criminal behavior. On the basis of a comparative analysis of working with the big data, it substantiates the necessity of integrating the existing types of recordings into an entire system. It emphasizes the importance of criminological knowledge in the technology of operational recognition and formulates the definition of recognition of unlawful behavior of an unidentified person in places of social isolation.

Juvenile as a criminal category

2020 ◽  
pp. 225-231
Author(s):  
Anastsiya Ermakova ◽  
Ella Kuzmenko
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Criminal Behavior ◽  
Criminal Liability ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
Family Education ◽  
Modern Approach ◽  
Current Topic ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Individual

The current topic of research is touched upon, since there is an increasing trend towards the rejuvenation of juvenile delinquency. We establish that the weakening of family education and supervision, the desire to imitate adults, curiosity, self-affirmation among peers leads a teenager to use alcohol, intoxicating and narcotic substances, which pushes them to the path of a criminal life. We consider issues related to the definition of a juvenile as a criminal legal category, various points of view on the “juvenile” concept, as well as factors that influence the formation of a juvenile’s criminal behavior. We analyze the concept of “legal capacity of juvenile”, which is enshrined in the Civil Code of the Russian Federation. The Criminal Code of the Russian Federation establishes the total age of criminal liability from 16 years old, as well as from 14 years old for committing serious crimes, therefore, juvenile acts as a subject of criminal law relations. We note that the legislator points out the possibility of a juvenile to realize the illegality of his act and bear re-sponsibility for it. We point out that the use of the modern approach is to de-termine the possibility of bringing the child, by virtue of the individual char-acteristics of his upbringing and understanding, to responsibility for antisocial behavior.

scholarly journals On the need to develop criminalistic public prevention in order to organize counteraction to cybercrime on the territory of the Russian Federation

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (3) ◽  
pp. 142-152
Author(s):  
Dmitriy Jidkov
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Criminal Behavior ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Secretary General ◽  
Federal Law ◽  
Current State ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Definition Of

This article provides a statistical analysis of registered and solved crimes committed by using computer and telecommunications technologies on the territory of the Russian Federation, and offers a definition of cybercrime. Further, the author identifies the types of criminal behavior, in his opinion, related to cybercrime in general. Based on the content of the report of the Secretary-General of the United Nations «Countering the use of information and communication technologies for criminal purposes», the article examines the main problems that accompany the prevention of this category of crimes on the example of 61 reports of UN Member States, prepared as part of the requests of the Secretary-General, on the basis of General Assembly resolution No. 73/187 «Summary of national and international difficulties encountered in combating the use of ITT for criminal purposes». This research examines the current state of criminalistic crime prevention in Russia, provides an analysis of the current state associated with the disclosure and investigation of cybercrimes. The article presents proposals for amendments to the draft federal law «On Cyberdrugs», and suggests the development of a centralized forensic public prevention of cybercrime. Based on the responses to the relevant requests to the most well-known public organizations involved in the prevention of cybercrime, the author analyzes the activities of cyberdrugs on the territory of the Russian Federation. In the resolving part of the article, the author forms reasoned proposals for formatting the activities of Russian cyber-soldiers, in order to increase the effectiveness of their activities.

POLA ASUH ORANG TUA DAN KENAKALAN REMAJA

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 150
Author(s):  
Adristinindya Citra Nur Utami ◽  
Santoso Tri Raharjo
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Delinquency ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Family Life ◽  
Criminal Behavior ◽  
Juvenile Crime ◽  
Children's Behavior ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Relationship

Di era ini, kenakalan remaja sudah sangat sering terjadi. Kenakalan remaja adalah suatu perbuatan yang melanggar norma aturan dan tata hukum masyarakat yang di lakukan pada usia remaja atau transisi dari masa anak-anak ke dewasa. Perilaku yang menyimpang dari norma hukum pidana yang dilakukan oleh remaja merupakan problema yang sering terjadi pada remaja baik di lingkungan keluarga, sekolah, maupun masyarakat. Jika tidak ditangani dengan baik, kenakalan remaja dapat berubah menjadi perilaku criminal dan dapat membawa remaja tersebut ke dalam penjara. Bila ditelusuri secara mendalam perkembangan kejahatan remaja banyak di pengaruhi dari kehidupan keluarga dan masyarakat. Keluarga memiliki peranan penting dalam mencegah kenakalan remaja. Salah satu cara yang dapat dilakukan keluarga untuk mencegah kenakalan remaja adalah dengan menggunakan pola asuh yang tepat. Pola asuh yang digunakan oleh orang tua memberikan pengaruh pada perilaku anak. Menurut hasil assessment di LPKA Sukamiskin, Bandung, ditemukan keterkaitan atau pengaruh antara pola asuh orang tua terhadap kenakalan dan perilaku criminal yang dilakukan oleh remaja.  In this era, juvenile delinquency is very common. Juvenile delinquency is an act that violates the norms and rules of law of society that are done in adolescence or the transition from childhood to adulthood. Behavior that deviates from criminal law norms committed by adolescents is a problem that often occurs in adolescents both in the family, school, and society. If not handled properly, juvenile delinquency can turn into criminal behavior and can bring the teenager into prison. When traced in depth the development of juvenile crime is influenced by family life and society. Family has an important role in preventing juvenile delinquency. One way that families can do to prevent juvenile delinquency is to use proper parenting. Parenting is used by parents to influence children's behavior. According to the results of the assessment at Sukamiskin LPKA, Bandung, it was found that the relationship between parents' parenting and delinquency behavior was carried out by teenagers.

Crime and the Environment: The New Soviet Debate

Slavic Review ◽  
1968 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 395-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Osborn
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Crime Prevention ◽  
Human Mind ◽  
Law School ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Union Institute ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Causes Of Crime ◽  
Prevention Methods

The Revival of criminology as a formal discipline in the Soviet Union is raising anew the old Marxist problem of the effect of the environment on the individual. For thirty years following the abolition of the OGPU's Institute for Studying Crime and the Criminal there had been no research facility devoted to studying the causes of crime. Then in 1964 the USSR Public Prosecutor's Office transformed its existing crime-detection research center into the All-Union Institute for Studying the Causes of Crime and Developing Crime-Prevention Methods (hereafter called the Institute for Crime Prevention). Because of its sponsorship it is rather likely that the Institute's senior researchers have access to at least part of the country's largely unpublished crime statistics, hence that they can speak with greater authority than Soviet crime specialists working in the universities and under the Academy of Sciences. It was also in the same year that criminology began to be offered as a subject at Moscow University Law School, and other Soviet law schools have followed suit.In a society whose ideology asserts that the effect of the environment on the individual is largely known, the effort to isolate particular effects should be of some interest. The assumption that Soviet crime is a product of elements of the capitalist past surviving in the present is strongly reaffirmed by the Institute's director, Igor I. Karpets, and his deputy, Vladimir N. Kudriavtsev. Since by any Soviet definition of “environment” the Soviet citizen is exposed to the socialist present far more than to remnants of the prerevolutionary period, the problem of identifying the “survivals” is coupled with the problem of lack of positive response to the socialist environment by some persons. Karpets seeks these phenomena first of all in the human mind.

scholarly journals DOCTRINAL DEFINITIONS OF THE CONCEPT OF "PUBLIC SERVICES"

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 19-25
Author(s):  
Ivanna Lutsiv ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Service ◽  
Public Services ◽  
Current State ◽  
Administrative Service ◽  
Legal Nature ◽  
Legitimate Interests ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Service State ◽  
To Receive

The article deals with the doctrinal approaches to the definition of "public services". The legal nature of the concept is determined and its definition is formulated. The author analyzes the current state of functioning of these services. The current legislation concerning the definition of "public service", "state service", and "administrative service" is investigated. The theoretical developments on the essence of the concepts "service", "public service", and "administrative service" are considered. Public services are a comprehensive and multifaceted phenomenon; they can be examined as welfare services, functions, legal relations, process, object of rights, market. Public services are considered as an activity performing a set of relationships that are implemented in the provision of public services. Public service is a mandatory law enforcement activity, legally established, which refers to the powers of the competent state executive bodies, aimed at exercising the rights or legitimate interests of the individual and legal entity that initiated it, financed from the relevant budget. The purpose of the doctrinal definition of the concept of "public services" will not be implemented effectively if the scientific study of key and related issues of the problem is not elaborated. Since the amendments to the legislation are significant and unquestionable, in the future it is advisable to establish the administrative and legal basis of public services that are not administrative, in the form of a special law. The content of the law shall include the concept of public services that can be formulated by distinguishing between types of publicly significant activities based on the mechanisms of organization of service provision; the composition of participants in legal relations; the recognition of the subjective public right of individuals to receive public services; principles of public services.

scholarly journals PECULIARITIES OF USING INFORMATION AND ANALYTICAL SUPPORT OF OPERATIONAL SEARCH FOR SIGNS OF CRIMES RELATED TO HUMAN TRAFFICKING

2021 ◽  
pp. 189-196
Author(s):  
O. O. Melnikova ◽  
A. V. Foros
Keyword(s):  
Human Trafficking ◽  
Information Support ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Current State ◽  
Analytical Work ◽  
Crime Detection ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Individual ◽  
National Police

The article emphasizes the fact that one of the most dangerous types of international criminal business that grossly violates the rights of the individual is human trafficking. According to United Nations experts, this type of crime ranks third in terms of profitability after drug and arms trafficking. The realities of today prove that the era of combating human trafficking through the use of long-known methods is over. They should be replaced by new methods of crime detection using information technology, specialized software with the involvement of specialized analysts. Effective counteraction, in particular to the prevention of crimes related to human trafficking, requires proper cooperation of units for combating crimes related to human trafficking, the National Police of Ukraine with other actors in combating such crimes and is impossible without studying and taking into account legal, organizational and tactical factors in the functioning of operational units. Research carried out in this area also requires a comprehensive approach. The article considers the current state and problems of organizational and analytical support of operational units during the operational search for signs of crimes related to human trafficking, determines its specifics, suggests ways for improving it as a management tool. The differences between the concepts of “information and analytical support” and “information support” are identified, it led to the conclusion that these concepts can not be identified due to the fact that they are different in nature and relate to each other as general and partial. To understand the essence of information and analytical work and information and analytical support, it is necessary to turn to the very concepts of analysis. Features of information support of operative search of signs of crimes connected with human trafficking are defined. Features of information and analytical support of operative search of signs of the crimes connected with human trafficking are opened, definition of its concept is offered.

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