scholarly journals Effect of Gibberellic Acid on Konjac Seeds Germination: Evidence from Data Analytics

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Kisroh Dwiyono ◽  
Maman Abdurachman Djauhari ◽  
Ikhsan Matondang ◽  
Viktor Vekky Ronald Repi
Keyword(s):  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Data Analytics ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Optimal Combination ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Germination Process ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Using Data

This paper aims to find an optimal combination of gibberellic acid concentration (C) and soaking duration time (T) in order to speed up and to improve the productivity of konjac (Amorphophallus muelleri Blume) germination process. For this purpose, a laboratory experiment was carried out with five levels of C and four levels of T. For each combination of C and T, 300 seeds were planted in three germination trays. And by using completely randomized design, in each tray, 100 seeds were planted. On the day right after a number of days after planting (D) which consists of seven levels, the germination rate is then recorded. By using data analytics method, we conclude that the optimal combination of C, D and T is C = 200 ppm, D = 7 days and T = 6 jam. Meanwhile, for a given T and D, concentration has no effect on germination rate. It is worth noting that (i) the experiment was conducted at room temperature under controlled humidity level, and (ii) according to the knowledge of the authors, this is an unprecedented study where Gibberellic acid is applied on konjac. 

scholarly journals Bioregulators on seed germination and seedling growth of sweet basil

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. e3324
Author(s):  
Larissa Santos Castro ◽  
Danúbia Aparecida Costa Nobre ◽  
Daniel Andrés Villegas Hurtado ◽  
Willian Rodrigues Macedo
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Ocimum Basilicum ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Root And Shoot Length ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) plants have multiple uses, ranging from spice to cosmetic purpose, besides being a source of essential oil and aromatic. These plants were commonly propagated by seed, however, few agrotechnologies are used to enhance the seed germination and initial growth in this crop. For this reason, our research aimed to evaluate aspects of seed germination of Ocimum basilicum L. cv. Limoncino, subjected to different bioregulators applied via substrate imbibition. The experiment was carried out in completely randomized design, with four treatments, as follows: T1: control (distilled water), T2: T13 a solution of a product formulated based on indolbutyric acid + naphthalene acetic acid + gibberellic acid (0.2 mL L-1, Liko Química), T3: gibberellic acid (0.5 mM L-1, progibb-400®) and T4: brassinosteroids (0.1 mM L-1). We evaluated: germination rate, germination speed index (GSI), first count, root and shoot length and chlorophyll a, b, total and carotenoids. The bioregulators did not influence germination, first count, GSI and photosynthetic leaf pigment, but application of gibberellic acid and brassinosteroids improve the shoot and root length, respectively. The gibberellic acid and brassinosteroids are promising bioregulators for stimulating initial basil growth.

scholarly journals Cardinal temperatures for germination of Salvia leriifolia Benth

2015 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Majid Dashti ◽  
Mohammad Kafi ◽  
Hossein Tavakkoli ◽  
Mahdi Mirza
Keyword(s):  
Regression Models ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Germination Process ◽  
Mean Germination Time ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Response To Temperature ◽  
Germination Traits ◽  
Cardinal Temperatures

Summary The focus of this study is based on the examination of the germination traits and the development of thermal models of the medicinal plant Salvia leriifolia Benth. A laboratory experiment was carried out at constant temperatures ranging from 0 to 35°C, at 5°C intervals in a completely randomized design with eight replications. To describe the germination rate response to temperature, three regression models, namely Intersected-Lines (ISL), Quadratic Polynomial (QPN) and Five-Parameters Beta (FPB) were used. The highest Germination Percentage (GP) (92.8%) occurred in 15°C, but GP in the range of 10-25°C was not significant (p≤0.05). The germination process stopped at 0°C and at above 30°C. The results indicated that the highest Germination Rate (GR), the lowest Mean Germination Time (MGT) and also times to 50% germination (D50) were obtained at 20°C. Seeds did not reach to their 50% germination level in temperatures higher than 25°C. The FPB model had the best realistic estimation for cardinal temperatures. Based on models estimation, Base (Tb), Optimum (To) and Ceiling (Tc) temperatures were in the ranges of (1-1.9°C), (18.1-20.8°C) and (34.5-38.7°C), respectively.

KARAKTERISTIK FISIK BUBUR INSTAN TERSUBTITUSI TEPUNG PISANG TONGKA LANGIT

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-44
Author(s):  
Priscillia Picauly ◽  
Gilian Tetelepta
Keyword(s):  
Water Solubility ◽  
Physical Property ◽  
Rice Flour ◽  
Absorption Index ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Nutrition Value ◽  
Banana Flour ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Four Levels

Instant porridge is sereal-based food that can be combined with fruits so it will contain better nutrition. To improve the nutrition value of instant porridge then substitute of one kind of banana originally from Maluku is Tongka langit banana. A good quality of instant porridge has a high nutrition and a best physical property. This research aims to characterize of the physical properties instant porridge that are substituted by Tongka langit banana flour and the rice flour. The design that is applied is completely randomized design with four levels of treatment in comparing the substitution between Tongka langit banana flour and the rice flour as follow 20%, 40%, 60% and 80%. According to the result of this research, the physical characteristic of instant porridge that are substituted by Tongka langit banana flour are bulk density (0.84-0.89 g/mL), water absorption index (3.49-4.05%), and water solubility index (0.02-0.04%).

scholarly journals POTENSI EKSTRAK DAUN KARUK (Piper sarmentosum) SEBAGAI INSEKTISIDA NABATI HAMA ULAT GRAYAK (Spodoptera litura)

EKOLOGIA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-62
Author(s):  
Rangga Eka S. P ◽  
Moerfiah . ◽  
Triastinurmiatiningsih .
Keyword(s):  
Spodoptera Litura ◽  
Larval Growth ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Average Growth Rate ◽  
Average Growth ◽  
Extract Concentration ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Extent Of Damage

The purpose of this study was to determine the activity of the leaf extract of Piper sarmentosum on mortality and damage levels by pest armyworm (Spodoptera litura). This research was conducted at the Laboratory of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Pakuan University, Bogor. This study uses a completely randomized design (CRD), with four levels of extract concentration, that is 0% as control, 30%, 40% and 50%.  Each treatment was repeated four times. The variables measured were mortality rates, the extent of damage the leaves, and larval growth. A concentration of EDK 50% showed activity in killing the armyworm by 38%. The lowest level of damage is 5%, with an average growth rate to its lowest larvae by 0.8 cm with the provision of treatment EDK 50%, and the higest level of damage is 75% by a concetration of EDK 30% treatments.

scholarly journals Influence of Post Shooting Spray and Bunch Bagging on Per Day Productivity and Fruit Quality of Banana (Musa paradisiaca L.)

2021 ◽  
pp. 129-136
Author(s):  
D. R. Paradva ◽  
M. J. Patel ◽  
H. L. Kacha
Keyword(s):  
Humic Acid ◽  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Shelf Life ◽  
Blue Colour ◽  
College Of Agriculture ◽  
Musa Paradisiaca ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Horticultural Research

Aims: To determine the effect of post shooting spray and bunch bagging on per day productivity and quality of banana (Musa paradisiaca L.)” Study Design: Completely Randomized Design (Factorial) with three repetitions. Place and Duration of Study: Experiment was carried out at the Horticultural Research Farm, Department of Horticulture, B. A. College of Agriculture,  AAU, Anand during the year 2017-18 and 2018-19 Methodology: The experiment comprises of twenty four treatment combinations involving two varieties viz. Grand Naine and William with six levels of post shooting sprays namely; control, humic acid 2 %, 2, 4-D 30 mg/l, gibberellic acid (GA3) 100 mg/l, CPPU 4 mg/l and sulphate of potash (SOP) 2 % with two bunch bagging viz., non- woven material bag covering and blue colour polyethylene sleeve (6 % perforated) bag covering. Post shooting sprays were given twice i.e. 1st spray after complete opening of inflorescence and 2nd spray after 30 days of first spray with covering the bunch immediately after second spray. Results: The results indicated that the Grand Naine variety recorded significantly minimum harvest days, maturity days. Whereas, William variety was recorded significantly shelf life and fruit appearances. In case of per day productivity is concerned, both the varieties were equally important. The post shooting spray of GA3 100 mg/l recorded significantly improves per day productivity and fruit appearances. Whereas, post shooting spray of SOP 2 % recorded minimum harvest day and maturity days. While, post shooting sprays of CPPU 4 mg/l showed significantly maximum shelf life. The non-woven material bag covering was significantly better among all quantitative and qualitative parameters as compared to blue colour polyethylene sleeve bag covering. While, post shooting spray of CPPU 4 mg/l with non-woven material bag covering showed significantly expand the shelf life of fruit. Conclusion: Grand Naine variety recorded significantly minimum harvest and maturity days. Whereas, William variety was recorded significantly shelf life and fruit appearances. The post shooting spray of GA3 100 mg/l was improved per day productivity and fruit appearances. Whereas, post shooting sprays of CPPU 4 mg/l showed significantly enhancing the shelf life. The non-woven material bag covering on banana bunches was found significantly better among all quantitative and qualitative parameters.

scholarly journals PENGARUH JENIS PELARUT TERHADAP AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN EKSTRAK MENIRAN (Phyllanthus niruri L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 458
Author(s):  
Rizky Amalia Rachmawati ◽  
Ni Wayan Wisaniyasa ◽  
I Ketut Suter
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Total Phenol ◽  
Total Phenol Content ◽  
Flavonoid Content ◽  
Phyllanthus Niruri ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Effect On Yield ◽  
The Right

This study was conducted to determine the effect of different solvents on the antioxidant activity of gale of the wind extract and to find out the right type of solvent used to extract gale of the wind with the highest antioxidant activity using maceration method. The experimental design used in this study was a completely randomized design (CRD) with a type of solvent as a treatment. The treatment consisting of four levels, namely methanol, ethanol, acetone, isopropanol. All treatments were repeated four times so that they were obtained 16 experimental units. The data obtained were analyzed by variance and if the treatment had significant effect followed by Duncan test. The results showed that the type of solvent treatment had a very significant effect on yield, total phenol, total flavonoids, total tannin, and antioxidant activity (IC50). The results showed that acetone solvent had the best treatment which produced a yield of 22.58%, total phenol content of 188.77 mg GAE/g, total flavonoid content of 247.60 mg QE/g, total tannin content of 297.51mg TAE/g, and antioxidant activity (IC50) of 15.19 ppm.

scholarly journals Effects of the growth regulators for the induction of somatic embryos from explants in an endemic and threatened Echinocactus parryi Engelm.

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 431-447
Author(s):  
Dolores Adilene García-González ◽  
◽  
María del Socorro Santos-Díaz ◽  
Juan Pedro Flores-Margez ◽  
Pedro Osuna-Ávila ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Somatic Embryos ◽  
Histological Analysis ◽  
Globular Stage ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Green Callus ◽  
Dichlorophenoxy Acetic Acid ◽  
Mature Seeds

Introduction: The list of threatened species is enhancing and needs to be revised by integrating plant tissue culture tools with conventional techniques that support the appropriate management of these species. Objective: To assess the effects of the growth regulators for the induction of somatic embryos from mature seeds, shoots, and compact green callus of Echinocactus parryi Engelm. and the histological analysis of the embryogenic structures. Materials and methods: A completely randomized design was utilized to evaluate three types of explants (apical, medium, and basal) cultured on basal Murashige & Skoog media (MS) with different growth regulators concentrations (2, 4-D [dichlorophenoxy acetic acid], BAP [6-benzylaminopurine] and kinetin, at four levels: 0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2 mg∙L -1 ). Histological analysis of the embryogenic structures was performed. Results and discussion: The 2, 4-D induced both embryogenic and organogenic callus from seeds and shoot explants. The globular stage did not evolve to their maturity, presumably because of 2, 4-D accumulation. The compact callus explants were the more efficient to induce 19.2 somatic embryos per explant when they were cultured in the medium with 0.5 mg∙L -1 kinetin. However, the latest phases did not germinate, probably due to abnormalities generated by genetic and epigenetic changes in the DNA that can cause abnormal somatic embryos. The histology image demonstrated that the globular and torpedo structures were visible under a microscope showing stained nucleus and numerous starch grains. Conclusions: E. parryi is a species that can produce a high number of embryogenic structures, which represents a great potential to grow massive plants.

scholarly journals Barley Residues Allelopathic Effects on Corn Seed Germination and Seedlings Growth

2019 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-33
Author(s):  
M. Khoshkharam ◽  
W. Sun ◽  
Q. Cheng ◽  
M.H. Shahrajabian
Keyword(s):  
Germination Rate ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Coleoptile Length ◽  
Plant Organs ◽  
Corn Seed ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Stem Extract ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Radicle Length

Abstract Allelopathy is the detrimental effect of one crop on germination or development of a plant of another species. A factorial layout within completely randomized design with four replications was used to survey the influence of barley extract on corn seeds. Treatments included plant organs extract (leaf, stem, root and total), and different barley extract densities (Nosrat cultivar) includes four levels of 0%, 25%, 50% and 100%. The influence of barley extract was significant on coleoptile weight, radicle weight, radicle length and coleoptile length. Plant organs had meaningful effect on germination rate, germination percentage, coleoptile weight, radicle weight, radicle length and coleoptile length. Among all experimental characteristics, coleoptiles length was influenced by interaction between barley extract and plant organ. Although, the highest germination rate and germination percentage was related to 25% and 100% of barley extract density, the maximum coleoptile weight, radicle weight, radicle length and coleoptiles length was related to control treatment (0%). Leaf extract has obtained the higher values of germination rate, germination percentage, coleoptile weight, radicle weight, radicle length and coleoptile length. Interaction between control treatment (0% plant extract) and stem extract had obtained the highest coleoptiles weight, radicle weight, radicle length and coleoptile length. Hence, from the obtained results, it can be concluded that the extracts of barley may have allelopathic influence on germination and seedling growth of corn.

scholarly journals PEMBERIAN STIMULAN PADA BIDANG SADAP DALAM MEMPENGARUHI PRODUKSI DAN KUALITAS LATEKS TANAMAN KARET (Hevea brasiliensis (Muell. Arg.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
Hayata Hayata ◽  
Yulistiati Nengsih ◽  
Rahmanto Wibowo
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
The Other ◽  
Rubber Content ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Treatment Factor ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Latex Production

Production increasing of latex on rubber plants can be increased by using a stimulants. One of it  is Vicar 10 SL. The purpose of this study was to find out the effect of Vicar 10 SL on the production and quality of latex. This research was carried out in the Kasang Parit Village, Sekernan District, Muaro Jambi Regency, and the Goods Quality Control and Certification Center on Industry and trade department   in Jambi Province. The study was conducted in July to August 2017. The design used was a completely randomized design with one treatment factor as the Vicar 10 SL application with four levels of treatment, namely; Without treatment (V0/control), 1 ml/Tree (V1), 2 ml/tree (V2), 3 ml/tree (V3). There were 4 times  repeatation on each treatment. Using  fingers, a Vicar 10 SL solution was applied to the tapping groove which was adjusted to the treatment, and allowed to keep it 24 hours. Tapping is done in the next morning, by following the grooves and be stored in a cup and left until the latex stoped dripping. Vicar was given once a week during 30 days. Tapping was done 3 times a week. The variables observed were latex production (gram/tree/day), dry rubber content (%), latex ash content (%), and latex dirt content (%). Vicar giving 10 SL in the tapping site with a dose of 2 ml / tree gave the highest yield of latex production (93.38 grams / tree / day) and dry rubber content (75.50%) and was significantly different compared to the other treatments. Vicar giving 10 SL in tapping site had no significant effect on latex dirt content and latex ash contentKeywords: Latex, stimulant, product and quality Abstrak Peningkatan produksi lateks pada tanaman karet dapat ditingkatkan dengan menggunakan stimulan. Salah satu pemakaian yang digunakan adalah Vikar 10 SL. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk megetahui penggunaan stimulan pada bidang sadap dalam mempengaruhi produksi dan kualitas lateks. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Desa kasang Parit Kecamatan Sekernan Kabupaten Muaro Jambi, dan Balai Pengujian dan Sertifikasi Mutu Barang (BPSMB) Disperindag Propinsi Jambi. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Juli sampai dengan Agustus 2017. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan satu faktor perlakuan pemberian stimulan (Vikar 10 SL) dengan empat taraf perlakuan  yaitu; Tanpa perlakuan (V0/kontrol),  1 ml/ Pohon (V1),  2 ml/pohon (V2), 3 ml/pohon  (V3). Setiap perlakuan diulang sebanyak 4 kali. Dengan menggunakan jari dioleskan larutan Vikar 10 SL pada alur sadap  yang disesuaikan dengan perlakuan, dan didiamkan selama 24 jam. Penyadapan dilakukan pada pagi hari esoknya, dengan mengikuti alur torehan dan ditampung dalam cawan dan dibiarkan sampai lateks berhenti menetes. Pemberian Vikar dilakukan sekali 7 hari selama 30 hari. Penyadapan dilakukan  3 kali dalam seminggu. Peubah yang diamati adalah produksi lateks (gram/pohon/hari)), kadar karet kering (%), kadar abu lateks (%), kadar kotoran lateks (%). Pemberian stimulan (Vikar 10 SL) pada bidang sadap dengan dosis 2 ml/pohon memberikan hasil yang tertinggi terhadap produksi lateks 93,38 gram/pohon/hari dan kadar karet kering 75,50 % dan berbeda nyata bila dibandingkan dengan perlakuan lainnya. Pemberian stimulan (Vikar 10 SL) pada bidang sadap berpengaruh tidak nyata terhadap kotoran lateks dan kadar abu lateksKata kunci :Lateks, stimulan, produksi dan kualitas

scholarly journals Morphogenesis and structure of Tifton 85 cultivated in subtropical climate and fertilized with nitrogen

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Daniel Tiecher ◽  
Marta Gomes da Rocha ◽  
Luciana Pötter ◽  
Paulo Roberto Salvador ◽  
Tuani Lopes Bergoli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regression Model ◽  
Nonlinear Regression Model ◽  
Subtropical Climate ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Leaf Lifespan ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Sward Height ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Four Levels

The experiment evaluated the morphogenesis and structure of Tifton 85 (Cynodon spp.) cultivated in subtropical climate and fertilized with nitrogen (N). The experiment was a completely randomized design with four levels of N (Zero; 75; 150 or 225 kg ha-1) in nine replicates per area. The experimental animals were Suffolk female lambs. The grazing method was continuous to maintain the sward height at 15 cm ± 10%. The stem expansion increased by 0.000027 cm degree-days-1 to each kg N applied (linear model). According to nonlinear model, the highest stem expansion (0.0226 cm degree-days-1) was observed with the use 220.1 kg ha-1 N. The leaf lifespan fitted a linear regression model, with increase of 50 degree-days leaf -1, comparing the levels zero and 225 kg ha-1 of N. According to nonlinear regression model, the longest leaf lifespan (407.1 degree-days) was observed with the use 208.8 kg ha-1 N. With the maintenance of sward height at approximately 15 cm, we recommended to use 200 kg ha-1 N in Tifton 85 cultivated in subtropical climate. 

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