scholarly journals Is Google Trends a reliable way to determine digital dental epidemiology?

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (Suppl. 1) ◽  
pp. 38-46
Author(s):  
Devrim Deniz Üner ◽  
Bozan Serhat İzol
Keyword(s):  
Native Speakers ◽  
Google Trends ◽  
Depth Information ◽  
Search Query ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Internet Users ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Search Data ◽  
Native Speakers Of English ◽  
New Phenomena

Aim: Google Trends, which allows Internet users to interact with and search data, can provide in-depth information about new phenomena regarding population and health-related behavior and is a tool that can be accessed free of charge. With the widespread use of dental implants in almost every country in the world today, an increase has also been reported in the prevalence of peri-implantitis (PP), which is a peri-implant disease. The aim of this study is to determine whether the rates of PP that were obtained from previous studies on this disease are in line with the data obtained using Google Trends. Methodology: Using observational, ecological research, we searched Google Trends for the following query terms: peri implantitis + periimplantitis, to obtain the volume of this Internet search query. The queries were searched within Spain (ES), Germany (DE), the Netherlands (NL), the United Kingdom (UK), and Turkey from January 2010 to December 2019. Results: An examination of the search results for “peri-implantitis + peri-implantitis” on Google Trends found that the largest numbers of searches for these words were made from the country of ES, and the smallest numbers were made from Turkey. It took two years to make forecasts based on the results, and the study determined that there has been a change in the trends in countries that were searched for these words. Also, the results obtained in previous studies for the prevalence of peri-implantitis were not similar to the data obtained from Google Trends. Conclusion: We concluded in this study that Google Trends is not a reliable tool for dental epidemiology.   How to cite this article: Üner DD, İzol BS. Is Google Trends a reliable way to determine digital dental epidemiology? Int Dent Res 2021;11(Suppl.1):38-46. https://doi.org/10.5577/intdentres.2021.vol11.suppl1.7   Linguistic Revision: The English in this manuscript has been checked by at least two professional editors, both native speakers of English.

scholarly journals Let's Talk Biology – Developing a Model for Incorporating English-Speaking Experts into the (Bilingual) Science Classroom

2019 ◽  
Vol 81 (3) ◽  
pp. 152-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Meyerhöffer ◽  
Daniel C. Dreesmann
Keyword(s):  
Cell Biology ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Science Classroom ◽  
School Students ◽  
School Settings ◽  
Language Of Science ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
German School ◽  
Native Speakers Of English ◽  
English Speaking

We present an instructional approach to incorporate into biology lessons an exchange of videos between international practicing scientists and secondary-school students. We validated the approach in German school settings in three curricular contexts: genetics, cell biology, and immunology. The participating students (n = 255) were native speakers of German with a background of English as a foreign language. The three participating scientists, English-speaking experts from the United Kingdom and Uganda, were rooted in different fields that were related to the respective curricular topics. We explain how the video exchange model was developed and evaluate students' comments and suggestions for improvement in a qualitative approach. This is followed by a discussion of implications for future applications. The video exchange was intended to promote English as the language of science in biology lessons. Through personal and genuine insight into science professions, students were able to experience the usefulness of English as a tool for international communication. We argue that the instructional model is applicable to a wide variety of educational contexts, including minority language students and native speakers of English.

The effects of Hong Kong L2 English speakers’ phonological features on listeners’ cognitive and affective perceptions

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-115
Author(s):  
Hsueh Chu Chen ◽  
Qian Wang
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
English Speakers ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Phonological Features ◽  
Speech Data ◽  
Affective Perception ◽  
Native Speakers Of English ◽  
Conversational Interviews

Abstract This study explores the most perceivable phonological features of Hong Kong (HK) L2 English speakers and how they affect the perception of HK L2 English speech from the perspective of both native and non-native English listeners. Conversational interviews were conducted to collect speech data from 20 HK speakers of English and 10 native speakers of English in the United Kingdom. Phonological features of 20 HK speakers of English were analyzed at both segmental and suprasegmental levels. Forty listeners with different language backgrounds were recruited to listen and rate the speech samples of the 20 HK speakers of English in terms of the cognitive perception of foreign accentedness and comprehensibility and affective perception of likability and acceptability. This study identifies the phonological variables that contribute significantly to listeners’ perception of accentedness, comprehensibility, likability, acceptability, and overall impression of HK speakers’ English speech.

Machine Translation as the Future of International Online Communication

2011 ◽  
pp. 34-44
Author(s):  
N. St. Germaine-Madison
Keyword(s):  
World Wide Web ◽  
Machine Translation ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Online Communication ◽  
Native Languages ◽  
Internet Users ◽  
Manufactured Products ◽  
The World ◽  
Native Speakers Of English

American “ownership” of the World Wide Web is on the decline. In fact, two-thirds to three-fourths of Internet users are not native speakers of English. It thus does not require a leap of logic to imagine how many more non-U.S. users would buy from American e-commerce sites or even purchase American-manufactured products if they had access to translations of these e-commerce pages and technical documents in their native languages. The most oftcited reason for not providing content in other languages, however, is the sheer cost involved of first hiring a translator to translate the original content and then keeping material updated. This chapter examines uses of machine translation as a mechanism for addressing these linguistic needs.

CROSSLINGUISTIC DIFFERENCES IN IMPLICIT LANGUAGE LEARNING

2014 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 733-755 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janny H. C. Leung ◽  
John N. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Language Learning ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
First Language ◽  
English Word ◽  
Linguistic Knowledge ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Language Knowledge ◽  
Native Speakers Of English ◽  
English Group ◽  
Chinese Group

We report three experiments that explore the effect of prior linguistic knowledge on implicit language learning. Native speakers of English from the United Kingdom and native speakers of Cantonese from Hong Kong participated in experiments that involved different learning materials. In Experiment 1, both participant groups showed evidence of learning a mapping between articles and noun animacy. In Experiment 2, neither group showed learning of a mapping between articles and a linguistically anomalous concept (the number of capital letters in an English word or that of strokes in a Chinese character). In Experiment 3, the Chinese group, but not the English group, showed evidence of learning a mapping between articles and a concept derived from the Chinese classifier system. It was concluded that first language knowledge affected implicit language learning and that implicit learning, at least when natural language learning is concerned, is subject to constraints and biases.

Local Norms in CALL Language Practice

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan R. White
Keyword(s):  
Language Use ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Native Speaker ◽  
Cultural Norms ◽  
Discourse Communities ◽  
Language Practice ◽  
Internet Users ◽  
The Status ◽  
Native Speakers Of English ◽  
Local Norms

This article presents an investigation into what norms are negotiated in a CALL classrooms by non-native speakers of English who are Internet novices. There is an on-going debate regarding the status of non-native speaker norms. Although there is more and more recognition that they are valid learner targets, native speaker norms are still reported to have the highest status for learners. Internet language use, though, has led to a change in the perception of norms, as communities of non-native speakers can set their own norms over those of native speakers. Data are analysed from academic textchat seminars which show that a community of inexperienced Internet users set their own norms, which go directly against their L1 community cultural norms of respect towards teachers. This paper proposes that it is an affordance of CALL environments that they can do this. This work is further evidence that it is smaller discourse communities that set norms separate from those of larger geo-political national communities.

scholarly journals Increasing Utility of Google Trends in Monitoring Cardiovascular Disease

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Conor Senecal ◽  
Madeline Mahowald ◽  
Lilach Lerman ◽  
Francisco Lopez-Jimenez ◽  
Amir Lerman
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Strong Correlation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Google Trends ◽  
Online Search ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Search Data ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Introduction: Cardiovascular disease is the most common cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States and in the world. Patients are increasingly using internet search to find health-related information, including searches for cardiovascular diseases and risk factors. We sought to evaluate the change in the state by state correlation of cardiovascular disease and risk factors with Google Trends search volumes. Methods: Data on cardiovascular disease hospitalizations and risk factor prevalence were obtained from the publically available CDC website from 2006-2018. Google Trends data were obtained for matching conditions and time periods. Simple linear regression was performed to evaluate for an increase in correlation over time. Results: Hospitalizations for six separate cardiovascular disease conditions showed moderate to strong correlation with online search data in the last period studied (heart failure (0.58, P<0.001), atrial fibrillation (0.57, P<0.001), coronary heart disease (0.58, P<0.001), myocardial infarction (0.70, P<0.001), stroke (0.62, P<0.001), cardiac dysrhythmia (0.46, P<0.001)). All diseases studied showed a positive increase in correlation throughout the time period studied (P<0.05). All five of the cardiovascular risk factors studied showed strong correlation with online search data; diabetes (R=0.78, P<0.001), cigarette use (R=0.79, P<0.001), hypertension (R=0.81, P<0.001), high cholesterol (R=0.59, P<0.001), obesity (R=0.80, P<0.001). Three of the five showed an increasing correlation over time. Conclusion: The prevalence of and hospitalizations for cardiovascular conditions in the United States strongly correlate with online search volumes nationwide and when analyzed by state. This relationship has progressively strengthened or been strong and stable over recent years for these conditions. Google Trends represents an increasingly valuable tool for evaluating the burden of cardiovascular disease and risk factors in the United States.

Local Norms in CALL Language Practice

2019 ◽  
pp. 229-245
Author(s):  
Jonathan R. White
Keyword(s):  
Language Use ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Native Speaker ◽  
Cultural Norms ◽  
Discourse Communities ◽  
Language Practice ◽  
Internet Users ◽  
The Status ◽  
Native Speakers Of English ◽  
Local Norms

This article presents an investigation into what norms are negotiated in a CALL classrooms by non-native speakers of English who are Internet novices. There is an on-going debate regarding the status of non-native speaker norms. Although there is more and more recognition that they are valid learner targets, native speaker norms are still reported to have the highest status for learners. Internet language use, though, has led to a change in the perception of norms, as communities of non-native speakers can set their own norms over those of native speakers. Data are analysed from academic textchat seminars which show that a community of inexperienced Internet users set their own norms, which go directly against their L1 community cultural norms of respect towards teachers. This paper proposes that it is an affordance of CALL environments that they can do this. This work is further evidence that it is smaller discourse communities that set norms separate from those of larger geo-political national communities.

scholarly journals The Association Between Internet Searches and Moisturizer Prescription in Japan: Retrospective Observational Study

10.2196/13212 ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. e13212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wataru Mimura ◽  
Manabu Akazawa
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Moving Average ◽  
Seasonal Pattern ◽  
Google Trends ◽  
Related Information ◽  
Pharmacy Claims ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Search Data ◽  
Internet Searches

Background Heparinoid is a medication prescribed in Japan for skin diseases, such as atopic dermatitis and dry skin. Heparinoid prescription has increased with instances of internet blogs recommending its use as a cosmetic. Objective This study aimed to examine the prescription trends in moisturizer use and analyze their association with internet searches. Methods We used a claims database to identify pharmacy claims of heparinoid-only prescriptions in Japan. Additionally, we used Google Trends to obtain internet search data for the period between October 1, 2007, and September 31, 2017. To analyze the association between heparinoid prescriptions and internet searches, we performed an autoregressive integrated moving average approach for each time series. Results We identified 155,733 patients who had been prescribed heparinoid. The number of prescriptions increased from 2011 onward, and related internet searches increased from 2012 onward. Internet searches were significantly correlated with total heparinoid prescription (correlation coefficient=.25, P=.005). In addition, internet searches were significantly correlated with heparinoid prescription in those aged 20-59 years at –1-month lag in Google Trends (correlation coefficient=.30, P=.001). Conclusions Google searches related to heparinoid prescriptions showed a seasonal pattern and increased gradually over the preceding several years. Google searches were positively correlated with prescription trends. In addition, in a particular age group (20-59 years), prescriptions increased with the increase in internet searches. These results suggest that people obtained health-related information on the internet and that this affected their behavior and prescription requests.

scholarly journals Varieties of English Accents: A Study of the Degree of Preference and Intelligibility Among Second-Year English Major Students at Maejo University

MANUSYA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-169
Author(s):  
Daranee Choomthong ◽  
Supaporn Manowong
Keyword(s):  
Native Speakers ◽  
Structure Interview ◽  
Depth Information ◽  
Sound System ◽  
Expanding Circle ◽  
Thai Students ◽  
English Major ◽  
Semi Structure Interview ◽  
Native Speakers Of English ◽  
Second Year

Thailand is regarded as a country of the expanding circle (EC). The fact that English has become a working language in the asean community makes it vital that Thai students are aware of the varieties of English. The study examined the perception of English majors towards varieties of English pronunciation. Listening tasks spoken by speakers in the expanding circle (EC), the inner circle (IC) and outer circle (OC), were presented to students enrolled in a course on Sound and English Sound System. The students rated accent preference and intelligibility. A semi-structure interview was included for more in-depth information. The results revealed that the variety of English that was perceived as the most favorable accent by the participants was English spoken by speakers from IC. The participants were more aware of varieties of English, especially those spoken by non-native speakers of English. However, English spoken by speakers from the EC was perceived as the most intelligible.

scholarly journals The Association Between Internet Searches and Moisturizer Prescription in Japan: Retrospective Observational Study (Preprint)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wataru Mimura ◽  
Manabu Akazawa
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Moving Average ◽  
Seasonal Pattern ◽  
Google Trends ◽  
Related Information ◽  
Pharmacy Claims ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Search Data ◽  
Internet Searches

BACKGROUND Heparinoid is a medication prescribed in Japan for skin diseases, such as atopic dermatitis and dry skin. Heparinoid prescription has increased with instances of internet blogs recommending its use as a cosmetic. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to examine the prescription trends in moisturizer use and analyze their association with internet searches. METHODS We used a claims database to identify pharmacy claims of heparinoid-only prescriptions in Japan. Additionally, we used Google Trends to obtain internet search data for the period between October 1, 2007, and September 31, 2017. To analyze the association between heparinoid prescriptions and internet searches, we performed an autoregressive integrated moving average approach for each time series. RESULTS We identified 155,733 patients who had been prescribed heparinoid. The number of prescriptions increased from 2011 onward, and related internet searches increased from 2012 onward. Internet searches were significantly correlated with total heparinoid prescription (correlation coefficient=.25, <italic>P</italic>=.005). In addition, internet searches were significantly correlated with heparinoid prescription in those aged 20-59 years at –1-month lag in Google Trends (correlation coefficient=.30, <italic>P</italic>=.001). CONCLUSIONS Google searches related to heparinoid prescriptions showed a seasonal pattern and increased gradually over the preceding several years. Google searches were positively correlated with prescription trends. In addition, in a particular age group (20-59 years), prescriptions increased with the increase in internet searches. These results suggest that people obtained health-related information on the internet and that this affected their behavior and prescription requests.

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