scholarly journals Effects of foliar feeding under different soil fertilization conditions on the yield structure and quality of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

2014 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 135-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanisław Chwil
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Urea Solution ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Soil Fertilization ◽  
Clayey Silt ◽  
Yield Structure ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium

The aim of the study was to analyse foliar feeding of winter wheat cv. ‘Kobra’ in combination with different soil fertilization treatments with calcium and magnesium compounds. The foliar fertilizers INSOL PK + 5% urea solution and EKOSOL U were applied 3 times during the during the growing season in four soil fertilization treatments: control without fertilization, NPK, NPK + MgSO<sub>4</sub> × 7H<sub>2</sub>O, and NPK + CaO + MgO. The investigations involved a 3-year field experiment established on medium soil with a pH of 4.2 in 1 mole KCl × dm<sup>-3</sup> and with the granulometric composition of clayey silt. The soil was characterised by a low content of available phosphorus and potassium as well as a very low content of sulphur and magnesium. The foliar fertilizers applied and the soil fertilization treatments had a varied effect on the yield parameters, the macronutrient content in grain and straw, and the content and quality of gluten. Among the soil fertilization treatments, the best production results and quality parameters of winter wheat were obtained after the application of the dose with magnesium lime. The foliar fertilizers had a greater impact on yield and gluten content than on the mineral composition of winter wheat grain and straw.

scholarly journals A study on the effects of foliar feeding under different soil fertilization conditions on the yield structure and quality of common oat (Avena sativa L.)

2014 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanisław Chwil
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Urea Solution ◽  
Test Plant ◽  
Soil Fertilization ◽  
Primary Yield ◽  
Magnesium Compounds ◽  
Yield Structure ◽  
Qualitative Characteristics

<p>The present study was conducted based on a field experiment established on very acidic medium soil (silt loam). The experimental design included 4 soil fertilization treatments: O, NPK, NPK + MgSO<sub>4</sub>. 7H<sub>2</sub>O, NPK + CaO + MgO, and 3 foliar feeding treatments: O<sub>(H2O)</sub>, Insol PK + 5% urea solution, Ekosol U. The test plant was the oat cultivar ‘Kwant’. The aim of this study was to characterize in detail the response of oats to foliar feeding under the conditions of different soil fertilization with calcium and magnesium compounds. The experimental factors applied increased the yield parameters and differentiated the nutrient content in oat grain and straw. Soil fertilization had a greater effect on the quality parameters of primary yield than the foliar fertilizers used in the study. The best production and quality effects in growing oats were obtained after the application of MgSO<sub>4</sub> and magnesium lime. Foliar feeding also affected beneficially the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the yield. Among the fertilizers used, Insol PK showed a better effect than Ekosol U, in particular on the yield structure and the amino acid composition of proteins.</p>

scholarly journals Biofertilizers Enhance Quality of Onion

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1937
Author(s):  
Bojana Petrovic ◽  
Agnieszka Sękara ◽  
Robert Pokluda
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Chlorophyll B ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Mineral Salts ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Crude Fibre Content

This investigation was conducted to determine the effect of organic fertilizers on the content of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, antioxidant activity, crude fibre, and zinc in two onion cultivars, Stuttgarter Riesen and Rote Laaer, during 2016, 2017, and 2018. In this research, the following treatments were used: B-Stimul (contains Azospirillum Tarrand et al., Azotobacter Beij., Bacillus Cohn, Chlorella vulgaris Beij., and Herbaspirillum Baldani et al.), EkoBooster 2 (contains biostimulators and mineral salts of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium) and Vermifit A (extract of compost of Californian earthworm). The results showed that the application of biofertilizers to onion resulted in the highest chlorophyll b content in 2017 in Stuttgarter Riesen. EkoBooster 2 positively affected crude fibre content in both cultivars, but only in 2016. Antioxidant activity was not significantly affected by the interaction of experimental factors. The application of the biostimulating fertilizers can have a positive impact on the quality parameters of onion, but the kind of fertilizer must be suited to seasonal conditions and the cultivar.

scholarly journals Effect of different phosphorus levels on the performance and egg quality of laying hens fed wheat- and maize-based diets

2010 ◽  
Vol 55 (No. 10) ◽  
pp. 420-427 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Skřivan ◽  
M. Englmaierová ◽  
V. Skřivanová
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Shell Thickness ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Egg Weight ◽  
Diet Type ◽  
Phosphorus Levels

The effects of diet type (wheat- or maize-based) and concentration of available phosphorus (AP; about 4, 3 and 2 g/kg) on the parameters of hen performance and egg quality as well as shell calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) contents were examined. Two experiments were carried out in which 240 and 120, respectively, older ISA Brown hens were housed in enriched cages. The interaction of diet type and AP concentration was ascertained for all evaluated characteristics except the amount of Ca and P deposited in shells in the first experiment. In the second experiment, the interaction of diet type and AP concentration was found for feed intake, egg weight, shell thickness and weight as well as the albumen quality parameters. Furthermore, Ca deposition in shells increased (P &lt; 0.001) with the wheat diet. Hens fed a maize-based diet (P &lt; 0.001) laid heavier eggs. The highest level of AP (4.1 g/kg) in the wheat-based diet significantly (P &lt; 0.001) decreased albumen height, albumen index and Haugh units (HU). These trends were the same in both experiments. The results indicate that 0.27% AP in wheat-based diet and 0.30% AP in maize-based diet are adequate for hens with the intake 115 g of feed with 3.5% of Ca without a negative impact on performance or egg quality.

scholarly journals The effect of dietary phytase and various available phosphorus levels on performance and egg quality in Japanese quail

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafaella Rossetto ◽  
Maurício Barreta ◽  
Marcos José Migliorini ◽  
Fabíula Pecher ◽  
Lenílson Fonseca Roza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Shell Quality ◽  
Randomized Experimental Design ◽  
Phytic Phosphorus ◽  
Phosphorus Levels

SUMMARY Birds show poor utilization of phytic phosphorus in their diets because of the lack of endogenous enzymes to digest phosphorus and make it bioavailable. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate phytase supplementation in the diets of laying quails. Eighty quails were used in a completely randomized experimental design with five treatments and four replicates of four birds each. The treatments were as follows: 0.35% Pd; 0.20% Pd; 0.20% Pd + 500FTUs of phytase; 0.09% Pd; 0.09% Pd + 500 FTUs of phytase. The birds were housed in metallic batteries during a trial period of 21 days, for evaluation of egg production, egg weight, feed intake and feed conversion. After being collected, the eggs were sent to the nutrition laboratory of the department of zootechnics of the CEO/Udesc, where analyses of albumin, yolk and shell quality were performed. The results were subjected to analysis of variance, and the differences between the averages were compared using the Tukey test at 5% of significance. No differences (P> 0.05) were observed in terms of performance and egg quality parameters. We conclude that the inclusion of phytase in the diet of laying quails can be accomplished without compromising the performance and quality of the eggs. Additionally, 0.09% of 22 disponible phosphorus can be used to grant adequate performance for 21 days.

scholarly journals Winter Wheat Grain Quality, Zinc and Iron Concentration Affected by a Combined Foliar Spray of Zinc and Iron Fertilizers

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Etienne Niyigaba ◽  
Angelique Twizerimana ◽  
Innocent Mugenzi ◽  
Wansim Aboubakar Ngnadong ◽  
Yu Ping Ye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Iron Concentration ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
First Year ◽  
Zn Concentration ◽  
Yield Quality ◽  
Second Year

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the main foods globally. Nutrition problems associated with Zinc and Iron deficiency affect more than two billion individuals. Biofortification is a strategy believed to be sustainable, economical and easily implemented. This study evaluated the effect of combined Zn and Fe applied as foliar fertilizer to winter wheat on grain yield, quality, Zn and Fe concentration in the grains. Results showed that treatments containing high Fe increased the yield. Grain crude fat content remained unaffected. Crude fiber was enhanced up to three-fold by 60% Zn + 40% Fe5.5 (5.5 kg ha−1 of 60% Zn + 40% Fe). Moreover, 80% Zn + 20% Fe5.5 (5.5 kg ha−1 of 80% Zn + 20% Fe) was the best combination for increasing crude protein. Zinc applied alone enhanced Zn concentration in grain. In addition, Fe was slightly improved by an application of Zn and Fe in the first year, but a greater increase was observed in the second year, where 100% Fe13 (13 kg ha−1 of 100% Fe) was the best in improving Fe in grain. Foliar application of Zn and Fe is a practical approach to increase Zn and Fe concentration, and to improve the quality of wheat grains.

scholarly journals Effect of feather compost on soil chemical indicators in CCN-51 cocoa plantation (Theobroma cacao L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-34
Author(s):  
Nelino Florida-Rofner ◽  
José Dolores Levano-Crisóstomo ◽  
Santos Jacobo-Salinas
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Quality ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Chemical Indicators ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
The Town ◽  
Cocoa Plantation

Introduction. Organic management of cocoa accounts for 60% of production in Peru and large amounts of compost prepared with different inputs are used, in order to improve the quality of the soil and cocoa yields. Objective. Evaluated the effect of the application of chicken feather compost on the main soil chemical indicators in a cocoa plantation CCN-51 un the Town of Nuevo Progreso, province of Padre Abad in the Ucayali-Peru region was evaluated. Materials and methods. A randomized complete block design was used, with four treatments and four repetitions where: FC1 was an absolute witness, FC2 feather compost at a rate of 2,000 kg. ha-1, FC3 feather compost at a rate of 4,000 kg. ha-1 and FC4 feather compost at a rate of 6 000 kg. ha-1. The main chemical indicators of soil quality were evaluated: hydrogen potential (pH), organic matter (OM), total nitrogen (N), available phosphorus (P), potassium (K+), calcium (Ca2+), magnesium (Mg2+) , aluminum (Al3+), available cadmium (Cd2+), changeable acids (AC) and cation exchange capacity (CEC). Results. The results showed a decrease in exchangeable aluminum and changeable acidity and increases in organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, depending on the proportion of compost applied, these indicators presented significant differences (p <0.05); The pH, calcium and cadmium available did not show significant differences (p <0.05). Conclusion. Feather compost (FC) significantly improved the levels of OM, N, P and K+, indicators that define soil quality and reduce aluminum levels, the latter of utmost importance in acidic soils.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the yield and baking quality of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties in different cropyears

2013 ◽  
pp. 95-100
Author(s):  
Éva Szabó
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Nutrient Supply ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Lower Amount ◽  
Quality Trait ◽  
Year Effect

We have investigated the effect of the cropyear, the genotype, the nutrient supply and their interactions on the yield and the quality parameters of three different winter wheat genotypes in three different cropyears. The most disadvantageous influence on the yield averages was caused by the moist weather of 2010, when yield results fell behind the mean of the two other examined years and the nutrient optimum was around low doses. The optimal cropyear turned out to be the ordinary 2011, the best yield results were experienced during this cropyear. Although the drier periods in 2012 decreased the yield values, the varieties could realize high yield maximum values. Considering the yield results, Genius turned out to be the best variety. In respect of the quality traits, 2010 turned out to be the best cropyear in case of all the three varieties. Despite the dry weather of the spring of 2012, the precipitation fell during flowering and ripening phases had positive impact on the grain-filling processes and contributed to the development of better quality. As a consequence of the significantly lower amount of precipitation during the generative phenological phases, the worst quality parameters were realized by the varieties in 2011.   In respect of crop year effect, 2010 was unfavourable for the amount of yield, but the most beneficial for the quality. 2011 was the most advantageous for the yield amounts but disadvantageous for the quality parameters. Although in 2012 extreme crop year effects were experienced after each other (dry and warm spring, moist and warm summer), the yield average and quality trait values were close to the yield averages of 2011 and quality parameters of 2010. Analyzing our results we can state that the average crop year was favourable rather for the yield. The appropriate amount of precipitation during the whole 2010 and that during the generative phenophases in 2012 favoured the development of good quality. Consequently, the appropriate amount of precipitation is essential for the development of good quality during the grain-filling period. The negative crop year effects were only compensated but not eliminated by the good nutrient supply. Genius achieved excellent yield averages but performed worse quality parameters than Mv Toldi, whose quality parameters were outstanding but the yield averages fell slightly behind those of Genius. Considering the yield results, the variety Genius turned out to be the best, while Mv Toldi was the best in quality.

scholarly journals Winter wheat (triticum aestivum l.) mutation depression under gamma-rays action

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Nazarenko ◽  
◽  
Y. Lykholat ◽  
V. Savosko ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Gamma Rays ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Pollen Sterility ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Research Fields ◽  
Yield Structure ◽  
Local Breeding

The purpose of our investigation was to identify the features of the depressive effects of the aftereffect of different doses of gamma-rays on winter wheat varieties of local breeding in terms of germination, survival, morphometry, yield. The parameters of germination and survival, the passage of the main phases of ontogenesis in winter wheat plants of French varieties (Courtiot and Gallixe) at the first generation were studied. The influence of mutagenic depression on parameters of yield structure (morphometry of mature plants) was established and the level of their variability was estimated too. In 2019 - 2020, experiments were conducted in the research fields of the research center of the Dnieper State Agrarian and Economic University. The experiments used seeds of Courtiot and Gallixe varieties, irradiated with gamma rays in doses of 100, 150, 200, 250, 300 Gy. Control was dry seeds. The variety Gallixe can be classified as resistant to gamma-rays, the variety Courtiotwas corresponded to high-sensitive. Parameter of germination and survival were directly correlated with increasing dose, with a dose of 200 Gy already semi-lethal, a dose of 250 Gy for variety Courtiot was sublethal, 300 Gy doze full-lethal, for the variety Gallixe sublethal was 300 Gy dose by which almost no plant material was obtained. Such parameters as plant height, weight of grain from the main spike and weight of thousand grains, partially (except for doses of 100-150 Gy) weight of grain from the plant reliably reproduce the mutagenic depression. Depression of the variety is affected by the dose of mutagen more than the genotype of the variety; the plant height parameter clearly demonstrates mutagenic depression. According to the results of factor and discriminant analysis as indicators affected by genotype-mutagenic interaction should be used germination and survival, pollen sterility, plant height, grain weight per spike, weight of thousand grains. Doses of 100 - 200 Gy are optimal for further use to obtain mutations; it is possible to use a dose of 250 Gy for the variety Gallixe.

scholarly journals SILICEOUS ROCKS IN WINTER WHEAT FERTILIZER SYSTEM

2020 ◽  
pp. 53-59
Author(s):  
А. Kh. Kulikova ◽  
◽  
Е. А. Yashin ◽  
Е.S. Volkova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Humus Content ◽  
Soil Microflora ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Siliceous Rocks ◽  
Ulyanovsk Region ◽  
Plot Area ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Fertilizer System

The research was carried out on the experimental field of Ulyanovsk SAU named after P. A. Stolypin on a typical medium-loamy Chernozem with a humus content of 4.6 %, available phosphorus and potassium of 155 and 176 mg / kg, рНKCl 6,7 units. In the experiments winter wheat of Saratovskaya variety 17 was grown using zeolite from the Yushansky deposit in the Ulyanovsk region as a fertilizer and fertilizers based on it enriched with amino acids and urea. The scheme of experiment consisted of 4 variants: 1. Control (without fertilizers); 2.Pure zeolite 500 kg / ha; 3. Zeolite enriched with amino acids, 500 kg / ha; 4. Zeolite enriched with urea (at the rate of 40 kg a. r. per ha), 500 kg / ha. The accounting plot area is 20 m2, their placement is randomized, repetition is 4 times. The results of research have shown a positive effect of zeolite and fertilizers based on it on the activity of soil microorganisms, the nutritional regime of the soil, yield and product quality. It was found that when applying to the soil, the activity of soil microflora increases by 9-18 %, the content of mineral forms of nitrogen in the arable layer increases by 0.82-2.17 mg/kg, mobile phosphorus by 5-8 mg/kg, and exchange potassium by 5-6 mg/kg of soil. The latter was accompanied by an increase in yield of winter wheat grain: when applying zeolite in pure form by an average of 0.46 t/ha (12.1 %), zeolite enriched with amino acids by 1.17 t/ha (30 %), and zeolite enriched with urea by 1.35 t/ha (35 %).

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