TB in Indian adolescents: results from a nationally representative survey, 2015–2016

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (12) ◽  
pp. 1247-1253
Author(s):  
M. Bhargava ◽  
H. D. Shewade ◽  
A. Bhargava
Keyword(s):  
Family Health ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Urban Residence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Indian Adolescents ◽  
Binomial Regression ◽  
Nutritional Characteristics ◽  
Chronic Undernutrition ◽  
Nationally Representative

SETTING: Adolescents (age: 15–19 years) from the National Family Health Survey-4 (2015–2016), India.OBJECTIVE: To examine the sociodemographic and nutritional characteristics of adolescents with reported TB and those with a reported household TB exposure.METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study using secondary data. We assessed the factors associated with TB (reported in adolescents, or in a household member) using log binomial regression. We used height-for-age and body mass index for age Z-scores for stunting and thinness, respectively.RESULTS: Of the total 277 059 adolescents, 377 (136/100 000, 95%CI 123–151) were reported with TB and this was similar in both sexes. Another 4528 adolescents (1.6%, 95%CI 1.6–1.7) reported household TB exposure. Poverty and urban residence were associated with higher prevalence of TB and household TB exposure. The proportion of stunting was 40.7% (95%CI 33.5–48.0) in adolescents with reported TB and 38.2% (95%CI 36.2–40.2) (P = 0.248) in those with household TB exposure.CONCLUSION: Prevalence of reported adolescent TB was lower than adult TB. Poverty and urban residence were risk factors for both TB and household TB exposure. Chronic undernutrition was highly prevalent among those reported to have TB and in those at risk of TB by virtue of having household TB exposure.

scholarly journals Infrastructure and work process in primary health care: PMAQ in Ceará

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 62
Author(s):  
Anya Pimentel Gomes Fernandes Vieira-Mey ◽  
Ana Patrícia Pereira Morais ◽  
José Maria Ximenes Guimarães ◽  
Isabella Lima Barbosa Campelo ◽  
Neiva Francenely Cunha Vieira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health System ◽  
Population Size ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Composite Indicators ◽  
Work Process ◽  
Regional Health ◽  
Cross Sectional

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the quality of the infrastructure and work process of the Family Health Strategy in the municipalities of Ceará between 2012 and 2014. METHODS: Cross-sectional study, using secondary data from the external evaluation of the 1st (2012) and 2nd (2014) cycle of the National Program for Improvement of Access and Quality of Primary Care in Ceará. A total of 20 composite indicators were used to verify the quality of infrastructure and work process. RESULTS: Data from 183 (99.4%) of the 184 municipalities of Ceará were collected in both cycles. A total of 1,441 teams were evaluated for the infrastructure and 800 for the work process. Among the 20 composite indicators evaluated, 18 presented an improvement, but in a non-homogeneous way, ranging between 0.0 and 413.5%. We observed that the lower the initial value of the indicator, the greater the variation in quality between 2012 and 2014. The indicators of infrastructure and work process were influenced by the regional health system and population size of the municipality, being more evident the influence on the variables of the work process. CONCLUSIONS: We identified that quality improvements related to infrastructure and work process occurred in the period of implementation of the program in the state of Ceará in an equitable manner, being influenced by population size and regional health system, showing the influence of the context in the implementation of public policies of this nature.

scholarly journals Use of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Caffeine and Suicide Attempts: Findings From a Nationally Representative Cross-sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 215013272091372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myong Sun Cho
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Mental Health Professionals ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Web Based ◽  
12Th Grade ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Suicide Prevention Programs

In this study, the association between students’ substance use and suicide attempts in the past 1 year was examined using secondary data from the 13th Korea Risk Behavior Web-based Survey. Participants were 7th- to 12th-grade students and 50.9% were male. A binominal logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the association between past experience of substance use (alcohol, tobacco, and caffeine) and suicide attempts after controlling for sociodemographic and psychological factors. Compared with no use, daily use of alcohol (odds ratio [OR] = 8.00), caffeine (OR = 2.13), and tobacco (OR = 1.41) was associated with increased odds of suicide attempts. These results indicate that school-based suicide prevention programs should cover awareness, surveillance, and treatment referral for these 3 substances. Moreover, mental health professionals should monitor intake of these substances when evaluating risk of suicide attempts in youth.

scholarly journals Razão de exames citopatológicos do colo do útero em mulheres de 25 a 64 anos em Santa Catarina: um estudo ecológico

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (34) ◽  
pp. 227-236
Author(s):  
Dione Lúcia Prim Laurindo ◽  
Sabrina Da Silva de Souza ◽  
Ana Claudia da Cunha ◽  
Samara Eliane Rabelo Suplici ◽  
Katheri Maris Zamprogna
Keyword(s):  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Population Coverage ◽  
Santa Catarina ◽  
Standard Pattern ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Family

Este estudo tem por objetivo avaliar a Cobertura de exames citopatológicos de Colo Uterino na população de 25 a 64 anos e sua relação com a cobertura populacional pelas equipes de Saúde da Família nos municípios de Santa Catarina. Estudo transversal que utilizou dados secundários do banco de dados oficiais do Estado de Santa Catarina dos indicadores de Cobertura de exames citopatológicos e cobertura populacional pelas equipes de Saúde da Família nos anos de 2017 e 2018. Análise descritiva incluindo média, desvio padrão, mediana, percentil 25 e 75, mínimos e máximos para todos os indicadores de estudo e correlação de Spearman.  O estudo confirmou a hipótese de que quanto maior a cobertura de Equipes de Saúde da Família (ESF) melhores são os indicadores de saúde, pois os municípios com melhor cobertura de ESF apresentaram melhor a razão de exames citopatológicos de Colo Uterino na população de 25 a 64 anos no período estudado.Descritores: Enfermagem, Citopatológico, Indicadores de Saúde Comunitária. Reason for cervical cytopathological exams in women aged 25 to 64 years in Santa Catarina: an ecological studyAbstract: This study aims to evaluate the coverage of cervical cytological examinations in the population aged 25 to 64 years and its relationship with population coverage by the Family Health teams in the municipalities of Santa Catarina. Cross-sectional study using secondary data from official databases of the State of Santa Catarina, indicators of coverage of cytopathological examinations, and population coverage by family health teams in the years 2017 and 2018. Descriptive analysis including mean, standard pattern, median, 25th, and 75th percentile, minimum and maximum for all study indicators, and Spearman correlation. The study confirmed the hypothesis that the greater the coverage of family health equipment (FHS), the better health indicators, as the municipalities with the best FHS coverage consider the ratio of cervical cytopathological examinations better in the population aged 25 to 64 years in the studied period.Descriptors: Nursing, Cytopathological, Health Indicators. Motivo de los exámenes citopatológicos del cuello uterino en mujeres de 25 a 64 años en Santa Catarina: un estudio ecológicoResumen: Este estudio tiene como objetivo evaluar la cobertura de los exámenes citológicos del cuello uterino en la población de 25 a 64 años y su relación con la cobertura poblacional por parte de los equipos de salud familiar en los municipios de Santa Catarina. Estudio transversal que utiliza datos secundarios de bases de datos oficiales del Estado de Santa Catarina, indicadores de cobertura de exámenes citopatológicos y cobertura poblacional por equipos de salud familiar en los años 2017 y 2018. Análisis descriptivo que incluye la media, patrón estándar, mediana, 25 y percentil 75, mínimo y máximo para todos los indicadores de estudio y la correlación de Spearman. El estudio confirmó la hipótesis de que cuanto mayor es la cobertura del equipo de salud familiar (FHS), mejores son los indicadores de salud, ya que los municipios con la mejor cobertura de FHS consideran mejor la proporción de exámenes citopatológicos del cuello uterino en la población de 25 a 64 años el periodo estudiadoDescriptores: Enfermería, Citopatológico, Indicadores de Salud Comunitaria.

scholarly journals Classification of Family Risk in a Family Health Center

2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 1088-1095 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priscila Tadei Nakata ◽  
Lenice Ines Koltermann ◽  
Kellyn Rocha de Vargas ◽  
Priscilla Wolff Moreira ◽  
Erica Rosalba Mallmann Duarte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Health Center ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Social Risk ◽  
Evaluation Instrument ◽  
Family Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Social

OBJECTIVE: to identify and classify the degree of family risk in a Family Health Center by means of a multidimensional evaluation instrument. METHOD: a cross-sectional study, with a quantitative and descriptive design, which evaluated 927 families registered in the center, which covers five micro-areas. The Coelho and Savassi Scale was applied, this consisting of 13 sentinels of evaluation of the social risk, using secondary data available in the File A of the families' medical records, in the last trimester of 2011. The data was analyzed using the SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) for Windows software, version 18.0. RESULTS: among the families studied, 68.5% were classified as not being at risk. It was ascertained that the smallest proportion of at-risk families (8.2%) was found in micro-area 1, and that micro-area 4 had the highest proportion (55.9%). The most-prevalent risk situations were poor conditions of basic sanitation, systemic arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus and drug addiction. CONCLUSION: this study's results make it possible to create support for the planning of home visits, to implement health surveillance actions, and for health professionals to better understand the vulnerabilities of the families attended.

scholarly journals The network structure of depressive symptomatology in Peruvian adults with arterial hypertension

F1000Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Cristian Ramos-Vera ◽  
Jonatan Banos-Chaparro ◽  
Roseline Oluwaseun Ogundokun
Keyword(s):  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Network Structure ◽  
Depressive Symptomatology ◽  
National Level ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Depressive Mood ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Patient Health

Background: Global arterial hypertension (HTA) has increased by 90% over the last four decades, and has increased by 1.6% in Peru over the previous four years. This study involved a network analysis of depressive symptomatology in Peruvian patients with HTA using network estimation. Method: A representative cross-sectional study at the national level, using secondary data from 2019 Demographic and Family Health Survey (ENDES) was performed. The sample used included men and women of age over 17 years diagnosed with HTA and were able to respond to Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Results: The symptoms of depressive mood (bridging force and centrality) and energy fatigue or loss (bridge centrality) play an essential role in the network structure, as does the feeling of uselessness in terms of closeness and intermediation. Conclusion: The study highlighted the symptoms related to depressive mood and energy fatigue or loss as bridging symptoms, which could trigger a depressive episode in patients diagnosed with HTA.

scholarly journals FAKTOR – FAKTOR PENYEBAB KEMATIAN MATERNAL DI KABUPATEN TASIKMALAYA TAHUN 2015

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Ranti Widiyanti
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Mortality ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Referral Process ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Birth Complications ◽  
Preventive Effort

ABSTRACT The case of maternal mortality is still high in Tasikmalaya regency. In 2014, it is recorded as many as 31 cases and increase in 2015 as many as 55 cases. The local government has made various efforts to reduce the case of maternal mortality, but the results are still not optimal. Knowing the factors of the case is one of the preventive effort to reduce it.The purpose of the research was to analyze the factors of maternal mortality. The research used analytic descriptive method with quantitative approach. The type of the research is analytical research in the form of observation of the studied subject with secondary data from Verbal Autopsy Maternal data with Cross-sectional study design in 55 cases of maternal mortality in 2015.            The results showed, the factors that play a role in maternal mortality in Tasikmalaya regency are age, parity, low education, low socio economic, birth attendants, birth complications, delays in the referral process and the handling of the referral process. The decrease of maternal mortality rate is started from the awareness of mother, husband, family, health workers and policy makers of the importance of maternal and infant survival.            Maternal mortality is a problem that can not be resolved until today even though the various policies have been made in order to reduce maternal deaths.Keywords: factors that play a role, maternal mortality 

scholarly journals The use of benzodiazepines by women cared for at a Family Health Unit

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Adriana da Silva ◽  
Letícia Yamawaka de Almeida ◽  
Jacqueline de Souza
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Health Unit ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Education Levels ◽  
Benzodiazepine Use ◽  
Student’S T

ABSTRACT Objective: Estimate the prevalence of benzodiazepine use by adult women at a Family Health Unit and identify the risk factors associated with this usage. Method: Quantitative cross-sectional study that employed secondary data developed at a Family Health Unit in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. We collected the data from the following sources: medical charts, registration forms, and the archive of prescriptions from the pharmacy at the referred health unit. We employed the chi-squared, Student’s t, and Mann-Whitney tests, as well as logistic regression analysis. Results: We identified 81 benzodiazepine users amongst 1,094 adult women (7.4%). Regarding the risk factors, the comparison between the groups of benzodiazepine users (n = 64) and non-users (n = 70) showed that having a chronic disease and using other psychotropic drugs were significantly associated with the use of benzodiazepines. Conclusion: The prevalence found was lower than the described in previous studies performed in Primary Health Units. The group that must receive greater attention regarding the consumption of benzodiazepines is that of middle-aged women or older, with low education levels, and chronic illnesses.

Blood Analysis Requests of Patients’ and Clinical Reflections in Primary Care

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-102
Author(s):  
Zerrin Gamsizkan ◽  
Mehmet Ali Sungur ◽  
Yasemin Çayır
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Blood Test ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Blood Analysis ◽  
Primary Role ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Expectations ◽  
Blood Tests ◽  
Study Results

Aim: The aim of the study is to determine the factors that may affect the demands of patients who come with the request to have a blood test without any chronic disease or a planned examination check. Methods: The data of this descriptive, cross-sectional study, were collected with a questionnaire that was prepared to examine the opinions of the patients who claim to have a blood test by coming to the family health center without any complaints. Patients over 18 years of age, who did not have any chronic disease and had no scheduled examination appointments were included in the study. Results: A total of 278 patients who wanted to have a blood test within the 6-months period were included in the study. Female patients who wanted to have a blood test were significantly more than male patients. When we look at the causes of patients who wanted to have a blood test; 61.2% (n=170) patients stated that they are concerned about their health and 6.1% (n=17) stated that they were affected by media warnings. There was no significant relationship between the frequency of blood test requests of patients and their age, gender, education, and general health status. Conclusion: Patients with high expectations and anxiety may be more willing to perform blood tests at inappropriate intervals. Family physicians, whose primary role is preventive medicine, have consultancy and information duties in order to protect their patients from the risk of over-examination and diagnosis. Keywords: blood tests, patient, screening, routine diagnostic tests

Prevalence and risk factors of anaemia among men: A study based on Empowered Action Group states, India

2021 ◽  
pp. 026010602098234
Author(s):  
Pradeep Kumar ◽  
Himani Sharma ◽  
Kamalesh Kumar Patel
Keyword(s):  
Family Health ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Action Group ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
The Government ◽  
Eag States

Background: Despite various programmes initiated by the Government of India, the nutritional indicators are not encouraging, as several problems like undernutrition, malnutrition and anaemia – still persist in the country, especially in the Empowered Action Group (EAG) states. Aim: Because of the dearth of studies regarding anaemia among men in India, the present study aimed to determine its prevalence in this population in the EAG states and to analyse its geographical and socio-demographic determinants. Methods: The study utilized nationally representative, cross-sectional survey data from round 4 of the National Family Health Survey conducted in 2015–16. Bivariate analysis along with binary logistic regression were performed to assess the predictors of anaemia among men in the EAG states. Results: Around a quarter of the men in the EAG states suffered from anaemia. A similar high-prevalence pattern was observed across the EAG states. Wherein, Bihar and Jharkhand had the highest prevalence of anaemia while Uttarakhand showed the lowest. Age, place of residence, marital status and caste were positively associated with the likelihood of anaemia among men in the EAG states. Conclusions: Focusing on the EAG states, this study considered the severity of anaemia as a public health problem among men. Strategies to reduce the burden of anaemia among this population are needed. The government should formulate programmes targeting anaemia specifically, and improving the nutritional status among men in general in the EAG states.

scholarly journals Association of breastfeeding and risk of metabolic syndrome and its components in postmenopausal parous women: Korea national health and nutrition examination survey (2010 ~ 2016)

2021 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jusuk Lee ◽  
Taehong Kim
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Korean Women ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Study Participants

Abstract Background Understanding the relationship between breastfeeding (BF) and metabolic syndrome (Mets) is important for maternal long-term health benefits and disease prevention. This study aimed to examine the association between BF and Mets and its components among postmenopausal parous Korean women. Methods This cross-sectional study on 10,356 Korean women used nationally representative data from the KNHANES from 2010 to 2016. Anthropometric, laboratory data and manual BP were measured. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to examine the association of BF with Mets and its components after adjusting for potential confounding variables. A p-value < 0.05 was to be considered statistically significant. Results Mets was present in 42% of the study participants. The BF group had low household income and education level. The prevalence of Mets in the BF group was higher than that in the non-BF group (42.69% vs. 34.76%, p <  0.001). BF was associated with increased risk of Mets (odds ratio [OR]: 1.4, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.18–1.65, p <  0.001). The BF group was at higher risks for diabetes (OR: 1.5, 95%CI: 1.14–1.98), hypertension (OR: 1.32, 95%CI: 1.03–1.68), hypertriglyceridemia (OR: 1.42, 95%CI: 1.02–1.99) and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (OR: 1.32, 95%CI: 1.06–1.65). Conclusion In this study, BF did not affect decreasing the prevalence of Mets and its components.

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