ECOLOGICAL AND SILVICULTURAL EVALUATION OF FOREST COMMUNITIES OF THE RECREATION USE IN SUBURBAN FORESTS

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir Zakamskii
Keyword(s):  
Forest Communities ◽  
Suburban Forests ◽  
Recreation Use

scholarly journals Grade of recreational potential of Samara suburban forests

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 49-52
Author(s):  
Ivan Victorovich Kazantsev ◽  
Tatyana Borisovna Matveeva
Keyword(s):  
Forest Communities ◽  
Water Penetration ◽  
Recreational Disturbance ◽  
Sanitary Condition ◽  
Vital State ◽  
Anthropogenic Loading ◽  
Suburban Forests

Authors provide materials in article revealing recreational potential of Samara suburban forests and use S.L. Rysin's technique, which considers a sanitary condition of the woods, extent of recreational transformation and esthetic importance of forest plantings in article. Researchers counted coefficients of appeal, comfort and stability of forest communities for carrying out complex assessment. On their basis authors judge quality of the surveyed forests. They have obtained materials of vital state are submitted and values of water penetration of the soil. This indicator of recreational disturbance is important for forest communities. For this reason, researchers considered different in degree of a recreational digression. Researchers have conducted a research and have revealed that appeal and comfort high and stability is average in Samara suburban forests. Therefore, experts have to hold complex of actions, which improve a condition of forest plantings and increasing their stability in the conditions of anthropogenic loading. These materials allow defining condition of Samara suburban forests and their suitability for use in the recreational and tourist purposes.

scholarly journals Ecomorfs analysis of the Samara flora

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 28-32
Author(s):  
Tatyana Borisovna Matveeva ◽  
Ivan Victorovich Kazantsev ◽  
Sergey Lvovich Molchatsky
Keyword(s):  
Anthropogenic Load ◽  
Anthropogenic Influence ◽  
Forest Communities ◽  
Forest Stands ◽  
Anthropogenic Transformation ◽  
Forest Exploitation ◽  
Distribution Of Elements ◽  
Anthropogenic Loading ◽  
Forest Plants ◽  
Suburban Forests

During the conducted research it is revealed that suburban forests of Samara experience a considerable anthropogenic load. It is connected with the increase of the country site area, unauthorized building of the territory, deforestation, recreational loading. For the allocated associations the analysis of ecomorphs of flora is carried out. All species on coenomorphes, hygromorphes and trophomorphes are distributed. On the basis of the obtained data primary distribution of elements of flora was established. The main consequences of anthropogenic transformation are also revealed. It is possible to conclude that the structure of herbage of Samara suburban forests changes in the process of anthropogenic loading increase. It is reflected in ruderants, xeromesophytes and mesoxerophytes increase. It is not peculiar for forest communities. On the basis of the obtained data it is possible to define a disturbance degree of a vegetable cover under the anthropogenic influence. It is revealed that in suburban forests of Samara, despite high appeal and comfort, the vital condition of forest stands of an oak is weakened. It is necessary to carry out a complex of forestry and landscape actions for optimization of recreational forest exploitation that will improve a condition of forest plants and increase their stability in the conditions of anthropogenic loading. These materials can form a basis for a further study of the flora of the area.

Peculiarities of seasonal changes of taxonomic structure and number of weevil-beetles (Coleoptera, Curculionidae) of herptobios in Kharkiv urbocenoses (Ukraine)

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.A. Komaromi ◽  
A.V. Putchkov ◽  
V.Yu. Nazarenko
Keyword(s):  
Early Summer ◽  
Taxonomic Structure ◽  
Dynamic Density ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Summer Maximum ◽  
Minimal Quantity ◽  
Slight Rise ◽  
Suburban Forests ◽  
The City ◽  
Increased Activity

A total of 54 species in 35 genera of Curculionidae are registered in the urbocenoses of Kharkiv city. Only three species, Exomias pellucidus, Otiorhynchus raucus and Ot. ovatus, are recorded as dominants. Some other species (Urometopus nemorum, Sciaphobus squalidus and Glocianus punctiger) are sporadically noted in some sites as subdominants. The total number of species turned out to be higher in the herpetobios of plantings at periphery (31), slightly lower in private farmlands of the city (21), parks and plantings of the center (17 each), but minimal in suburban forests (11 species). The highest quantity of specimens were observed for the plantations of the center and margins of city: nevertheless, minimal quantity of specimens was registered at parks and woods. The maximum number of species (including all cenoses) was recorded from the end of April to first decade of May (28 species). From May to the end of June 15–18 species were registered. Ten species were recorded at July, and only six species at August. A slight rise was noted from the end of August to mid-September (11 species). In biotopes where Exomias pellucidus appeared to be the monodominant, the seasonal dynamic density of weevils reached a peak at late May or early June, but the significant decline was observed from early June to July. At the sites with several dominants, two or three peaks were registered: at spring (May) and at mid-summer (end of June or beginning of July). Furthermore, the number of weevils decreased gradually, but some species of Curculionidae were rather abundant even from the end of summer to September–October. The spring increase is reasoned by high density of species in the genus Otiorhynchus; the peak in early summer (maximum) is caused by the increased activity of majority of dominant species; the autumn peak is also caused by the high number of species of the genus Otiorhynchus. The level of sex index (by the example of E. pellucidus) differed significantly at all plots. It was higher for the plantations at the periphery of the city (0.70), and it was minimal at private farmlands (0.20). Relative conjugacy of sex index and dynamic density were not observed: the maximum abundances of quantity of Curculionidae were recorded 20–30 days earlier than the maximal numbers of the sex index.

Colonization of decomposing Sphagnum moss litter by mycorrhizal roots in two types of peatland ecosystems

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 113-121
Author(s):  
Mateusz Wilk ◽  
Julia Pawłowska ◽  
Marta Wrzosek ◽  
Michał Gorczak ◽  
Małgorzata Suska-Malawska
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Identification ◽  
Decomposition Process ◽  
Sphagnum Moss ◽  
Forest Communities ◽  
Litter Bags ◽  
Poor Fen ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Ectomycorrhizal Roots ◽  
Mycorrhizal Roots ◽  
Ectomycorrhizal Morphotypes

During a 35-month study on the decomposition of Sphagnum moss litter in poor fen and pine bog forest, an intensive colonization of litter-bags by mycorrhizal roots was observed during the decomposition process. Content of mycorrhizal roots in litter-bags, expressed as % mass of roots, was generally increasing during the decomposition in pine bog forest, and fluctuating during decomposition on poor fen, although in both cases the results were statistically insignificant. Two morphotypes of ericoid roots and two morphotypes of ectomycorrhizal roots were recorded from litter-bags on poor fen during the decomposition experiment, while in pine bog forest one morphotype of ericoid and nine morphotypes of ectomycorrhizal roots were recorded. Molecular identification of mycorrhizal roots succeeded only in the case of one ericoid and six putatively ectomycorrhizal morphotypes. Most morphotypes were recorded only once during the whole 35-month decomposition period, and only one ericoid and one ectomycorrhizal morphotypes were shared between the poor fen and pine bog forest communities.

Vegetation structure of tundra and taiga on the map of the natural vegetation of Europe

2007 ◽  
pp. 13-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. K. Yurkovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Vegetation Cover ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Space Structure ◽  
Middle Taiga ◽  
Russian Plain ◽  
Forest Communities ◽  
The North ◽  
Tundra Vegetation ◽  
Starting Point

I have focused only on some features of structure in the taiga vegetation cover. In conclusion I would like to tell some words about the causes of complicated space structure of the taiga and tundra vegetation cover. The causes of latitudinal differentiation are climatic undoubtedly, but heterogeneity of vegetation cover within the limits of tundra and taiga subzones is accounted for different factors. In tundra abiogenic factors prevail, first of all the permafrost processes. That is the reason why tundra vegetation cover is so sensible to any disturbances and so hard regenerates after various transformations. In taiga the space structure is mostly the result of self-regulation and self- restoration of biota. The abiotic factors, certainly, play significant role, but they recede to the second plan. So we showed that in the north and middle taiga the structure of vegetation cover, during the Holocene up to present time, is determined in many respects by the increasing role of mires. Suffice it to look at the map of distribution of mires in order to estimate their role in vegetation cover of the easteuropean taiga (Yurkovskaya, 1980). So, the increase of mire area on the Russian Plain in m2/year per 1000 ha varies between 200 and 700, the average increas is ca 300—400 m2/year (Elina et all., 2000). The mires favour peniplenization and unite the separate areas of forest communities into the whole by means of forming the buffer paludificated territories (various hydrophilous variants of forest communities). But if mires, at all their stability, after destroying practically don't restore, the forests even after continuous cuttings restore their structure and composition through the series of successional stages unless an ecotope is damaged completely. Hence the space structure of taiga is the result, first of all, self development and self regulation of its vegetation cover. But, as it is known, at present time the process of destruction of natural biota has gone too far that the question arises not only about supporting its state and structure but also about the survival of the mankind itself. In this regard the vegetation map of Europe is the invaluable basis, which gives the starting point for all conservational, ecological and economical measures. But it is important to learn reading and using the map. And this is one of our actual goals.

Langfristige Entwicklung von zwei Waldgesellschaften im Białowieża-Urwald

2008 ◽  
Vol 159 (4) ◽  
pp. 80-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bogdan Brzeziecki ◽  
Feliks Eugeniusz Bernadzki
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Stand Structure ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Forest Communities ◽  
Natural Forests ◽  
Tree Species Composition ◽  
Strong Trend ◽  
Long Term Study

The results of a long-term study on the natural forest dynamics of two forest communities on one sample plot within the Białowieża National Park in Poland are presented. The two investigated forest communities consist of the Pino-Quercetum and the Tilio-Carpinetum type with the major tree species Pinus sylvestris, Picea abies, Betula sp., Quercus robur, Tilia cordata and Carpinus betulus. The results reveal strong temporal dynamics of both forest communities since 1936 in terms of tree species composition and of general stand structure. The four major tree species Scots pine, birch, English oak and Norway spruce, which were dominant until 1936, have gradually been replaced by lime and hornbeam. At the same time, the analysis of structural parameters indicates a strong trend towards a homogenization of the vertical stand structure. Possible causes for these dynamics may be changes in sylviculture, climate change and atmospheric deposition. Based on the altered tree species composition it can be concluded that a simple ≪copying≫ (mimicking) of the processes taking place in natural forests may not guarantee the conservation of the multifunctional character of the respective forests.

The Phytocenotic role and resource importance Symphytum asperum Lepech., Boraginaceae) in the mountain forest communities of Lagonack plateau (Northwest Caucasus)

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (61) ◽  
pp. 106-110
Author(s):  
Sergey Krivorotov ◽  
◽  
Olga Bukareva ◽  
Damеnik Kassanelli ◽  
Ruslan Arkhipov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mountain Forest ◽  
Forest Communities

scholarly journals Structure, Diversity, and Environmental Determinants of High-Latitude Threatened Conifer Forests

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 775
Author(s):  
Carlos Esse ◽  
Francisco Correa-Araneda ◽  
Cristian Acuña ◽  
Rodrigo Santander-Massa ◽  
Patricio De Los Ríos-Escalante ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Table ◽  
Environmental Variables ◽  
National Park ◽  
High Water ◽  
Forest Communities ◽  
Competitive Effect ◽  
Forest Patches ◽  
Last Glaciation ◽  
The World ◽  
Local Topography

Pilgerodendron uviferum (D. Don) Florin is an endemic, threatened conifer that grows in South America. In the sub-Antarctic territory, one of the most isolated places in the world, some forest patches remain untouched since the last glaciation. In this study, we analyze the tree structure and tree diversity and characterize the environmental conditions where P. uviferum-dominated stands develop within the Magellanic islands in Kawésqar National Park, Chile. An environmental matrix using the databases WorldClim and SoilGrids and local topography variables was used to identify the main environmental variables that explain the P. uviferum-dominated stands. PCA was used to reduce the environmental variables, and PERMANOVA and nMDS were used to evaluate differences among forest communities. The results show that two forest communities are present within the Magellanic islands. Both forest communities share the fact that they can persist over time due to the high water table that limits the competitive effect from other tree species less tolerant to high soil water table and organic matter. Our results contribute to knowledge of the species’ environmental preference and design conservation programs.

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