scholarly journals Prenatal diagnostics of aninborndefects

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-29
Author(s):  
ANNA WOJTYŁKO– GOŁOWKIN ◽  
MACIEJ BAGŁAJ ◽  
ALEKSANDER WOJTYŁKO
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Prenatal Testing ◽  
In Utero ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Past Medical History ◽  
The Past ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Inborn Defect

Prenatal diagnosis offers a wide range of tests that can be carried out at various stages of pregnancy in order to conduct early diagnosis of congenital malformations. The purpose of this publication is to discuss the methodology, suitability and availability of prenatal testing. The detection of anatomical abnormalities in utero and postnatal verification of the diagnosis decreases the risk associated with malformation in a significant way. Prenatal detection of the defect requiring the surgical intervention on the first days of the life is particularly important. Intrauterine diagnosing of the defect allows to implement the diagnostic and healing progression at the newborn directly after the birth. Transport in utero is the safest way of transmitting the child to the high- specialistic centre . The consultative team looking after the mother and the newborn with an inborn defect should be composed of specialists from obstetrics, neonatology, pediatrics, anesthesiology, pediatric surgery and genetics. In the case of prenatal suspicion or detection of the defects that are possible to surgically repair, it seems appropriate to incorporate a pediatric surgeon to the therapeutic team in the moment of detection in the prenatal period. According to the Polish Gynecological Association it is recommended for every pregnant woman to have an ultrasound scan of the foetus at least 3 times during pregnancy. Minimally invasive screening is destined to all pregnant women in Poland, irrespective of the age. Invading examinations are proposed in case of the positive screening (presence of genetic sonographic marker or wrong biochemical test results) or for pregnant women with the past medical history and at the age above 35.

Ideological Confrontation and the Manipulation of Oral History: a Zambesian Case

1987 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 257-273
Author(s):  
Matthew Schoffeleers
Keyword(s):  
Oral History ◽  
Scarce Resource ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Systems ◽  
The Past ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Origin Myths ◽  
The Moment ◽  
At Will ◽  
Original Event

Ever since Malinowski formulated his concept of myths as charters, there has been a tendency among anthropologists to regard origin myths more or less as post factum constructs designed to legitimize existing privileges and positions. A classic example of this pragmatist view is Leach's study of political systems in highland Burma, in which he attempts to demonstrate that origin myths change with clocklike regularity in response to shifts in the political constellation. More recently, however, voices have been raised, particularly among historians, which insist that a society's past cannot always be manipulated at will, but that under certain conditions it has to be treated circumspectly in the way one deals with any scarce resource.My own interpretation of this view is that accounts of the past, when they concern important aspects of a society, are often (or perhaps always) constructed in such a way that the original event is somehow preserved and recoverable. The qualification “somehow” is added on purpose to make clear that the phrase ‘oral history’ refers to such a wide range of genres and mnemonic techniques, and that the methods at our disposal to extract the original event are still so rudimentary--despite the progress made over the past dozen years or so--that for the moment one cannot do more than express belief in our ultimate capability to discover what happened in actual fact.

scholarly journals Design of Prepaid kWh-Meter Prototype Monitoring Based on Short Message Service (SMS)

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Kiki Purnama ◽  
Tri Rahajoeningroem
Keyword(s):  
Short Message Service ◽  
Electric Pulse ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Short Message ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Electric Pulses ◽  
The Past ◽  
A Value ◽  
Message Service ◽  
The Moment

Abstract - At the moment, people who use electricity as their daily necessities still use the methods that have been in the past, namely by purchasing an electric voucher that has been available several digits of code entered into the prepaid kWh meter via the keypad. This method is considered to be less effective and less efficient in a period that has experienced a lot of progress, especially in the field of technology. Especially when the electric pulse has reached the minimum limit of the prepaid kWh meter, it only gives a warning to the sound of the buzzer alarm, it can only be heard by the customer if he is inside the house. so that the customer cannot find out if the customer is out of the house. Automatically the kWh meter customer is not prepared to deal with it if the user is not at home. So from that the research that will be made is a prototype prepaid kWh meter based on Short Message Service (SMS). In addition to being able to control the remaining electricity pulses remotely, this tool will also be able to charge electric pulses without having to enter the voucher code into the kWh meter directly but with this tool the customer can fill in by sending a short message or SMS set by the customer. The system contained in this Short Message Service (SMS) prepaid kWh meter prototype is controlled by 16 ATM AVR Microcontrollers. When the prepaid kWh meter value shows a value of 5 kWh, the system automatically provides information on the remaining kWh meter electricity through short message or SMS and marked with the buzzer sound and LED indicator. That will be made is considered to be more effective and flexible. From the results of the research data that have been collected, it can be seen that the performance of SMS-based prepaid kWh meters with the overall test results is successful and the percentage of success almost reaches 100%. Keyword:’ Prepaid kWh Meter, Short Message Service (SMS), Buzzer, Microcontroller ATMega16.’

scholarly journals Calculations of compressed rods considering experiments over last 100 years

2021 ◽  
Vol 263 ◽  
pp. 02049
Author(s):  
Denis Konin
Keyword(s):  
Bearing Capacity ◽  
Ultimate Load ◽  
Compressive Load ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Fe Modelling ◽  
The Past ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Line Diagram ◽  
Design Cost

The article presents the results of testing and FE-modelling of rods calculated for the central and eccentric compressive load. More than 600 tests have been analysed over the past 100 years, including made by author, in a wide range of slenderness made of steels with a yield strength of up to 1000 MPa. It is established that the existing Russian calculation methods allow us to accurately determine the bearing capacity of the rod for steel of any strength. Verification of calculation method was carried out not only by stresses and ultimate load-bearing capacity, but also by the deformations of the tested rods. It is established that for H-beams and thin- walled pipes, clarification of the design codes is required to be able to design cost-effective designs, since the code formulas give a margin. This is especially true for elements of low flexibility with small eccentricities. To clarify the codes, a method for modelling a three-line diagram of steel operation, verified with the test results, is proposed.

scholarly journals Izdaja Kell skladnih krvnih komponent z namenom preprečevanja anti-K senzibilizacij pri ženskah v rodni dobi.

2016 ◽  
Vol 85 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreja Hrašovec-Lampret ◽  
Irena Bricl
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Woman ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Prenatal Testing ◽  
Perinatal Morbidity ◽  
Hemolytic Disease ◽  
The Past ◽  
Compatible Blood ◽  
Not At Risk ◽  
Transfusion History ◽  
In Pregnancy

 With selecting K compatible blood for transfusion, we prevent K immunization and many unnecessary prenatal testing and gynecological examinations for at least 78% of pregnant women with K negative partners, whose fetus is not at risk of hemolytic disease of fetus and newborn. Abstract  Background Kell antibodies are beside RhD and c antibodies one of most clinically important antibodies that can cause severe hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDFN) in pregnancy,which is still remaining one of the major causes of perinatal morbidity and mortality. Therefore, pregnant women with eryhrocyte alloantibodies anti-K need many prenatal testing and gynecological examinations. The major cause for anti-K immunisation is transfusion of incompatible blood in the past.    Methods We analysed retrospectively the data of 71 pregnant woman with alloantibodies anti-K, which were followed in Blood Transfusion Centre of Slovenia from 2004 -2014. We collected data of partner´s phenotype and woman´s transfusion history. Data were statistically analyzed with basic statistical methods.   Results 61 out of 71 partners were tested (86%) and 48 were K negative (78%).The transfusion history was available for only 23 women (32%). The transfusion history was available for 23 out of 48 women with K negative partner (48%). All of them were transfused. 78% received incompatible-K positive blood, for the rest 22% women donations they received were not K typed.    Conclusions From the obtained data, we found that in 78% of cases cause for K alloimunnization is transfusion of K incompatible blood in past. With selecting K compatible blood for transfusion, we can prevent K immunization and many unnecessary prenatal testing and gynecological examinations for 78% pregnant women with K negative partners . 

scholarly journals Imaginaries as infrastructures? The emergence of non-invasive prenatal testing in Austria

BioSocieties ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 601-626
Author(s):  
Ingrid Metzler
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Prenatal Testing ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Dna Fragments ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
The Past ◽  
Field Notes

Abstract Non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) is a new technology used in prenatal testing (PT) that capitalizes on genomic platforms to transform DNA fragments in the blood of pregnant women into information about the genome of a foetus. Since its market introduction in 2011, it has travelled around the globe with remarkable speed. This article engages with the emergence of NIPT in and around Vienna, the capital city of Austria, to explore why and how this technology could travel so quickly in practice. Based on a qualitative analysis of interviews, documents, and field notes, it argues, first, that NIPT could travel so quickly because it travelled as ‘adaptable boxes’ that added on to different ‘local worlds of prenatal testing (PT)’, without disrupting them. Second, in so doing, NIPT could travel on a moral and material ground, or an ‘imaginary of PT’, built in the past. Third, the article argues that elements of this imaginary were also mobilized by commercial pioneers of NIPT, who ‘infrastructurized’ extant values, practices, and networks among biomedical professionals. Thus, various actors converged in mobilizing moral and material elements of an imaginary, transforming them into an infrastructure that facilitated the travels of NIPT, while also shaping its use.

Optical Properties of HVEM Accelerators

1975 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 180-181
Author(s):  
A. Strojnik ◽  
J.W. Scholl ◽  
V. Bevc
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Electron Accelerator ◽  
Systematic Investigation ◽  
Electron Source ◽  
High Brightness ◽  
The Past ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Optical Behavior

The electron accelerator, as inserted between the electron source (injector) and the imaging column of the HVEM, is usually a strong lens and should be optimized in order to ensure high brightness over a wide range of accelerating voltages and illuminating conditions. This is especially true in the case of the STEM where the brightness directly determines the highest resolution attainable. In the past, the optical behavior of accelerators was usually determined for a particular configuration. During the development of the accelerator for the Arizona 1 MEV STEM, systematic investigation was made of the major optical properties for a variety of electrode configurations, number of stages N, accelerating voltages, 1 and 10 MEV, and a range of injection voltages ϕ0 = 1, 3, 10, 30, 100, 300 kV).

Pursuit of the Abscopal Effect

2020 ◽  
Vol 04 (04) ◽  
pp. 369-372
Author(s):  
Paul B. Romesser ◽  
Christopher H. Crane
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Immunology ◽  
Antitumor Immunity ◽  
Clinical Success ◽  
Immune Recognition ◽  
Immune Modulators ◽  
Cancer Subtypes ◽  
The Past ◽  
Tumor Irradiation ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Tumor Recognition

AbstractEvasion of immune recognition is a hallmark of cancer that facilitates tumorigenesis, maintenance, and progression. Systemic immune activation can incite tumor recognition and stimulate potent antitumor responses. While the concept of antitumor immunity is not new, there is renewed interest in tumor immunology given the clinical success of immune modulators in a wide range of cancer subtypes over the past decade. One particularly interesting, yet exceedingly rare phenomenon, is the abscopal response, characterized by a potent systemic antitumor response following localized tumor irradiation presumably attributed to reactivation of antitumor immunity.

Chelovek.RU/Человек.RU

Chelovek RU ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 18-53
Author(s):  
Sergei Avanesov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Great Distance ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Past ◽  
Russian Philosopher ◽  
True Meaning ◽  
The Future ◽  
Pavel Florensky ◽  
The Moment

Abstract. The article analyzes the autobiography of the famous Russian philosopher, theologian and scientist Pavel Florensky, as well as those of his texts that retain traces of memories. According to Florensky, the personal biography is based on family history and continues in children. He addresses his own biography to his children. Memories based on diary entries are designed as a memory diary, that is, as material for future memories. The past becomes actual in autobiography, turns into a kind of present. The past, from the point of view of its realization in the present, gains meaning and significance. The au-thor is active in relation to his own past, transforming it from a collection of disparate facts into a se-quence of events. A person can only see the true meaning of such events from a great distance. Therefore, the philosopher remembers not so much the circumstances of his life as the inner impressions of the en-counter with reality. The most powerful personality-forming experiences are associated with childhood. Even the moment of birth can decisively affect the character of a person and the range of his interests. The foundations of a person's worldview are laid precisely in childhood. Florensky not only writes mem-oirs about himself, but also tries to analyze the problems of time and memory. A person is immersed in time, but he is able to move into the past through memory and into the future through faith. An autobi-ography can never be written to the end because its author lives on. However, reaching the depths of life, he is able to build his path in such a way that at the end of this path he will unite with the fullness of time, with eternity.

Five Years and Count(er)ing: Memoir after Memoir

CounterText ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-32
Author(s):  
Norbert Bugeja
Keyword(s):  
Guest Editor ◽  
Arab Countries ◽  
National Museum ◽  
Terror Attack ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
The Past ◽  
Personal Perspectives ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Ongoing Project

In this retrospective piece, the Guest Editor of the first number of CounterText (a special issue titled Postcolonial Springs) looks back at the past five years from various scholarly and personal perspectives. He places particular focus on an event that took place mid-way between the 2011 uprisings across a number of Arab countries and the moment of writing: the March 2015 terror attack on the Bardo National Museum in Tunis, which killed twenty-two people and had a profound effect on Tunisian popular consciousness and that of the post-2011 Arab nations. In this context, the author argues for a renewed perspective on memoir as at once a memorial practice and a political gesture in writing, one that exceeds concerns of genre and form to encompass an ongoing project of political re-cognition following events that continue to remap the agenda for the region. The piece makes a brief final pitch for Europe's need to re-cognise, within those modes of ‘articulacy-in-difficulty’ active on its southern borders, specific answers to its own present quandaries.

The Many Pasts of Detective Fiction

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-172
Author(s):  
Thomas Leitch
Keyword(s):  
Detective Fiction ◽  
Golden Age ◽  
Public History ◽  
Detective Novel ◽  
Sherlock Holmes ◽  
Detective Story ◽  
The Past ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Detective Novels ◽  
The Many

Building on Tzvetan Todorov's observation that the detective novel ‘contains not one but two stories: the story of the crime and the story of the investigation’, this essay argues that detective novels display a remarkably wide range of attitudes toward the several pasts they represent: the pasts of the crime, the community, the criminal, the detective, and public history. It traces a series of defining shifts in these attitudes through the evolution of five distinct subgenres of detective fiction: exploits of a Great Detective like Sherlock Holmes, Golden Age whodunits that pose as intellectual puzzles to be solved, hardboiled stories that invoke a distant past that the present both breaks with and echoes, police procedurals that unfold in an indefinitely extended present, and historical mysteries that nostalgically fetishize the past. It concludes with a brief consideration of genre readers’ own ambivalent phenomenological investment in the past, present, and future each detective story projects.

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