scholarly journals Effects of Optimal Mordanting on the Bleaching and Spinning of Black Yak Fibres

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (0) ◽  
pp. 31-36
Author(s):  
Chan Liu ◽  
Xuzhong Su ◽  
Xuzhong Su ◽  
Chunping Xie ◽  
Xinjin Liu
Keyword(s):  
Ph Value ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Yarn Strength ◽  
Tensile Tester ◽  
Permissible Range ◽  
Sodium Bisulfate ◽  
Orthogonal Analysis ◽  
Untreated Fibre ◽  
Scanning Electron

In this paper, the orthogonal analysis method was adopted to analyse the optimal mordanting condition for the bleaching of black yak fibres. Without changing the subsequent oxidative/reducing bleaching technology, the optimal mordanting condition was as follows: per weight of water, the ferrous ion concentration is 16%, the sodium bisulfate concentration 3 g/l, the mordanting temperature 60 °C and the liquor pH value is 2. Based on the optimal mordanting condition, yak fibres were bleached. The properties of bleached and untreated yak fibres and yarns were tested by a fibre tensile tester, scanning electron microscopy, yarn strength tester, USTER Tester 5 and so on. By comparing the properties of untreated and bleached yak fibres and yarns, the effects of optimal mordanting on the bleaching and spinning of black yak fibres were presented. The results show that bleached yak fibres have poorer mechanical and morphology properties, and it is harder to felt for bleached fibres. For the spinning of 16.7 tex yarn, a complete condensing spinning system was adopted, and the performances of bleached fibre yarn decreased in the permissible range compared with the untreated fibre yarn.

scholarly journals Hydrothermal Synthesis of Various Shape-Controlled Europium Hydroxides

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 529
Author(s):  
Hongjuan Zheng ◽  
Kongjun Zhu ◽  
Ayumu Onda ◽  
Kazumichi Yanagisawa
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Hydrothermal Temperature ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Hydrothermal Reactions ◽  
Starting Solution ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Shape Controlled ◽  
Scanning Electron

Eu(OH)3 with various shape-controlled morphologies and size, such as plate, rod, tube, prism and nanoparticles was successfully synthesized through simple hydrothermal reactions. The products were characterized by XRD (X-Ray Powder Diffraction), FE-SEM (Field Emission- Scanning Electron Microscopy) and TG (Thermogravimetry). The influence of the initial pH value of the starting solution and reaction temperature on the crystalline phase and morphology of the hydrothermal products was investigated. A possible formation process to control morphologies and size of europium products by changing the hydrothermal temperature and initial pH value of the starting solution was proposed.

Separation of Heavy Metal Ions from the Solution Obtained by Leaching Low-Grade Pyrolusite with Pyrite and H2SO4

2013 ◽  
Vol 773 ◽  
pp. 283-288
Author(s):  
Xing Zou ◽  
Xiang Quan Chen ◽  
Hai Chao Xie ◽  
Xiao Dan Qiu
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Heavy Metal Ions ◽  
Separation Efficiency ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Sulfate Solution ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Manganese Sulfate ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
High Concentration

The manganese sulfate solution leached from low-grade pyrolusite with pyrite and H2SO4 contains heavy metal ions of high concentration, influencing the quality of the final products of manganese compounds and causing manganese ions not to be electrolyzed. The present study was focused on the separation of Co, Ni and Zn ions from the leached solution with BaS. By controlling the pH value at 5.0-6.5, temperature at 50-60°C, reaction time at 15 min and mixing velocity at 78 rpm, the heavy metal ions could be separated effectively. Under the above optimized conditions, the ion concentration of Co, Ni, and Zn in the solution was reduced to 0.06 mg.L-1, 0.27mg.L-1 and 0.01mg.L-1, and the separation efficiency was 99.72%, 99.18% and 99.9% respectively. The obtained pure solution meets the demands of manganese electrowinning.

Preparation of Borosilicate Xerogel and Research on its Mineralization

2012 ◽  
Vol 476-478 ◽  
pp. 2059-2062
Author(s):  
Chen Wang ◽  
Ya Dong Li ◽  
Gu Qiao Ding
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Compositional Changes ◽  
Scanning Electron

Tributyl borate was first adopted for the introduction of boron in the preparation of bioactive borosilicate xerogel by sol-gel method. The xerogel reacted continuously in 0.25M K2HPO4 solution with a starting pH value of 7.0 at 37 °C for 1day. The structural, morphologies and compositional changes resulting from the conversion were characterized using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The results indicated that speed of formation of HA was cut way back on the time with the addition of boron and the induction period for the HA nucleation on the surface of the borosilicate xerogel was short than 1 days. The conversion mechanism of the borosilicate xerogels to hydroxyapaptite was also discussed.

scholarly journals Effective removal of heavy metal ions from aqueous solutions using a new chelating resin poly [2,5-(1,3,4-thiadiazole)-benzalimine]: kinetic and thermodynamic study

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 310-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Selvaraj Dinesh Kirupha ◽  
Selvaraj Kalaivani ◽  
Thangaraj Vidhyadevi ◽  
Periyaraman Premkumar ◽  
Palanithamy Baskaralingam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metal Ions ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Thermo Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Kinetic Studies ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Chelating Resin ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Equilibrium Data ◽  
Experimental Values

A novel poly [2,5-(1,3,4-thiadiazole)-benzalimine] abbreviated as TDPI adsorbent was synthesized using simple polycondensation technique. The synthetic route involves the preparation of 2,5-diamino-1,3,4-thiadiazole from 2,5-dithiourea and subsequent condensation with terephthalaldehyde. The resin was chemically characterized using Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), 1H-NMR, and 13C-NMR spectroscopic analysis. Surface morphology and thermal stability were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA). The effect of the pH value of solution, contact time, adsorbent dose, and initial metal ion concentration were investigated by batch equilibrium adsorption experiments. Kinetic studies show that the adsorption of metal ions onto the resin proceeds according to the pseudo-second-order model and the equilibrium data were best interpreted by the Redlich–Peterson isotherm. The experimental values of the adsorption capacities of Pb2+, Cu2+, Ni2+, and Cd2+ on to TDPI could reach up to 437.2, 491.6, 493.7, and 481.9 mg.g−1 respectively. The exothermic nature of the process, the affinity of the adsorbent towards the metal ions and the feasibility of the process are explained in the thermodynamic parameters. The resin stability and re-usability studies suggest that the resin is chemically stable (0.3 N HCl and H2SO4) and could be regenerated without any serious decline in performance.

scholarly journals Curing and mechanical properties of chlorosulphonated polyethylene rubber blends

2011 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 315-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordana Markovic ◽  
Vojislav Jovanovic ◽  
Suzana Samarzija-Jovanovic ◽  
Milena Marinovic-Cincovic ◽  
Jaroslava Budinski-Simendic
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Crosslink Density ◽  
Hydraulic Press ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Rubber Blends ◽  
Tensile Tester ◽  
Roll Mill ◽  
Cure Time ◽  
Chlorosulphonated Polyethylene ◽  
Scanning Electron

In this paper the curing and mechanical properties of two series of prepared blends, i.e., chlorosulphonated polyethylene (CSM)/isobutylene-co-isoprene (IIR) rubber blends and chlorosulphonated polyethylene (CSM)/chlorinated isobutylene-co-isoprene (CIIR) rubber blends were carried out. Blends were prepared using a two roll-mill at a temperature of 40-50?C. The curing was assessed by using a Monsanto Oscillating Disc Rheometer R-100. The process of vulcanization accelerated sulfur of pure rubbers and their blends was carried out in an electrically heated laboratory hydraulic press under a pressure of about 4 MPa and 160?. The stress-strain experiments were performed using tensile tester machine (Zwick 1425). Results indicate that the scorch time, ts2 and optimum cure time, tc90 increase with increasing CSM content in both blends. The values of modulus at 100% and at 300% elongation and tensile strength increases with increasing CSM content, whereas elongation at break shows a decreasing trend. The enhancement in mechanical properties was supported by data of crosslink density in these samples obtained from swelling measurement and scanning electron microscopy studies of the rubber blends fractured surfaces.

scholarly journals Making of a single solid-state nanopore on the wall of fused silica capillary

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 171633 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fang Fang ◽  
Yan-Qin He ◽  
Li Tian ◽  
Yun-Yun Li ◽  
Zhi-Yong Wu
Keyword(s):  
Concentration Polarization ◽  
Fused Silica ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Conductance Measurement ◽  
Low Aspect Ratio ◽  
Fluorescent Microscope ◽  
Ion Concentration Polarization ◽  
Fused Silica Capillary ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Silica Capillary

A channel of nanometre size is an important platform for nanofluidic investigations. In this work, we show that a single solid nanopore can be generated by hydrogen fluoride etching of the outside wall of commercially available fused silica capillary. The geometry, size and the singleness were characterized by various means, including scanning electron microscope, electrolyte conductance measurement and a fluorescent microscope. The generation principle is also discussed. The nanopore thus generated features in low aspect ratio and exhibits typical nanofluidic effects such as ion concentration polarization, rectification and molecular translocation.

scholarly journals Transport of Zn (II) by TDDA-Polypropylene Supported Liquid Membranes and Recovery from Waste Discharge Liquor of Galvanizing Plant of Zn (II)

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanif Ur Rehman ◽  
Gul Akhtar ◽  
Haroon Ur Rashid ◽  
Nauman Ali ◽  
Imtiaz Ahmad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metal Ion ◽  
Liquid Membrane ◽  
Feed Solution ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Membrane Phase ◽  
Waste Discharge ◽  
Slope Analysis ◽  
Supported Liquid Membranes ◽  
Strongly Agree

The facilitated passage of Zn (II) across flat sheet supported liquid membrane saturated with TDDA (tri-n-dodecylamine) in xylene membrane phase has been investigated. The effect of acid and metal ion concentration in the feed solution, the carrier concentration in membrane phase, stripping agent concentration in stripping phase, and coions on the extraction of Zn (II) was investigated. The stoichiometry of the extracted species, that is, complex, was investigated on slope analysis method and it was found that the complex (LH)2·Zn(Cl2) is responsible for transport of Zn (II). A mathematical model was developed for transport of Zn (II), and the predicted results strongly agree with experimental ones. The mechanism of transport was determined by coupled coion transport mechanism with H+and Cl−coupled ions. The optimized SLM was effectively used for elimination of Zn (II) from waste discharge liquor of galvanizing plant of Zn (II).

scholarly journals Sorption Efficiency of a New Sorbent towards Cadmium(II): Methylphosphonic Acid Grafted Polystyrene Resin

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nacer Ferrah ◽  
Omar Abderrahim ◽  
Mohamed Amine Didi ◽  
Didier Villemin
Keyword(s):  
Metal Ion ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Methylphosphonic Acid ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Elementary Analysis ◽  
Optimum Ph ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Polystyrene Resin

A new chelating polymeric sorbent has been developed using polystyrene resin grafted with phosphonic acid. After characterization by FTIR and elementary analysis, the new resin has been investigated in liquid-solid extraction of cadmium(II). The results indicated that phosphonic resin could adsorb Cd(II) ion effectively from aqueous solution. The adsorption was strongly dependent on the pH of the medium and the optimum pH value level for better sorption was between 3.2 and 5.2. The influence of other analytical parameters including contact time, amount of resin, metal ion concentration, and the presence of some electrolytes was investigated. The maximum uptake capacity of Cd(II) ions was 37,9 mg·g−1grafted resin at ambient temperature, at an initial pH value of 5.0. The overall adsorption process was best described by pseudo second-order kinetic. When Freundlich and Langmuir isotherms were tested, the latter had a better fit with the experimental data. Furthermore, more than 92% of Cd(II) could be eluted by using 1.0 mol·L−1HCl in one cycle.

Photocatalytic Degradation of 2-chlorophenol over TiO2 Powder

2014 ◽  
Vol 931-932 ◽  
pp. 291-295
Author(s):  
Pusit Pookmanee ◽  
Songpon Ngamta ◽  
Wiyong Kangwansupamonkon ◽  
Ratchadaporn Puntharod ◽  
Supaporn Sangsrichan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Phase Transition ◽  
Photocatalytic Degradation ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Ammonium Hydroxide ◽  
Titanium Isopropoxide ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Mixed Solution ◽  
Hydrothermal Route ◽  
Scanning Electron

Titanium dioxide (TiO2) powder was prepared by hydrothermal route. Titanium isopropoxide, ammonium hydroxide and nitric acid were used as the starting materials. The final pH value of mixed solution was 1 and treated at 80 and 100 °C for 26h. The phase transition of TiO2powder was studied by Xray diffraction (XRD). Multiphase of anatase and rutile of TiO2powder were obtained at 80 and 100 °C for 26h without calcination steps. The morphology of TiO2powder was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The particle was highly agglomerated and irregular in shape with the range of particle size of 0.10.3 μm. The chemical composition of TiO2powder was examined by energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The element chemical compositions show the characteristic Xray energy level as follows: titanium Kα= 4.51 keV and Kβ= 4.93 keV and oxygen Kα= 0.52 keV, respectively. The photocatalytic degradation efficiency of 2chlorophenol (2CP) over TiO2powder was determined by gas chromatography (GC). It was found that TiO2powder prepared by hydrothermal route at 80 °C for 2h was the best efficiency for photocatalytic degradation of 2CP.

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