Psychological distress and streamlined BreastScreen follow‐up assessment versus standard assessment

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused an unequally distributed extra workload to hospital personnel and first reports have indicated that especially front-line health care personnel are psychologically challenged. A majority of the Finnish COVID-19 patients are cared for in the Helsinki University Hospital district. The psychological distress of the Helsinki University Hospital personnel has been followed via an electronic survey monthly since June 2020. We report six-month follow-up results of a prospective 18-month cohort study. Individual variation explained much more of the total variance in psychological distress (68.5%, 95% CI 65.2–71.9%) and negative changes in sleep (75.6%, 95% CI 72.2–79.2%) than the study survey wave (1.6%, CI 0.5–5.5%; and 0.3%, CI 0.1–1.2%). Regional COVID-19 incidence rates correlated with the personnel’s psychological distress. In adjusted multilevel generalized linear multiple regression models, potentially traumatic COVID-19 pandemic-related events (OR 6.54, 95% CI 5.00–8.56) and front-line COVID-19 work (OR 1.81, 95% CI 1.37–2.39) was associated with personnel psychological distress but age and gender was not. While vaccinations have been initiated, creating hope, continuous follow-up and psychosocial support is still needed for all hospital personnel.

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Longitudinal Correlates of Loneliness and Psychological Distress During the Lockdown Situation due to COVID-19. Effects of Age and Self-Perceptions of Aging

The Journals of Gerontology Series B ◽

10.1093/geronb/gbab012 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Andrés Losada-Baltar ◽

José Ángel Martínez-Huertas ◽

Lucía Jiménez-Gonzalo ◽

María del Sequeros Pedroso-Chaparro ◽

Laura Gallego-Alberto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Psychological Distress ◽

Health Outcomes ◽

Mental Health Outcomes ◽

Stressful Situation ◽

Self Perceptions ◽

Personal Variables ◽

Dependent Variables ◽

Perceptions Of Aging

Abstract Objectives To longitudinally analyze the correlates of loneliness and psychological distress in people exposed to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) lockdown, exploring the effects of age and self-perceptions of aging (SPA). Methods A longitudinal follow-up of 1,549 participants was carried out at four different time points during the lockdown in Spain. Questions about the risk of COVID-19, age, SPA, family and personal resources, loneliness, and psychological distress were measured. Results Changes in loneliness showed a linear longitudinal trajectory through time, but changes in psychological distress showed a U-shaped relationship with time. Age was a relevant predictor of differences in distress, with older people reporting less psychological distress. Change in both dependent variables was related to change in different predictors like family and personal variables and also to negative SPA. Discussion In a stressful situation such as the COVID-19 pandemic, older adults may be more resilient to adverse mental health outcomes by using more adaptive resources that strengthen their resilience. Support is provided for the importance of stereotyped views of the aging process that, independently of chronological age, may put people at risk of suffering adverse mental health outcomes such as loneliness and psychological distress in times of crisis.

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Psychological distress at follow-up after major surgery for intra-oral cancer

Journal of Psychosomatic Research ◽

10.1016/0022-3999(89)90005-6 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 33 (4) ◽

pp. 441-448 ◽

Cited By ~ 53

Author(s):

Colin A. Espie ◽

Eric Freedlander ◽

Linda M. Campsie ◽

David S. Soutar ◽

A.G. Robertson

Keyword(s):

Psychological Distress ◽

Oral Cancer ◽

Major Surgery

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The Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Program (MBSR) Reduces Stress-Related Psychological Distress in Healthcare Professionals

The Spanish Journal of Psychology ◽

10.1017/s1138741600002547 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 897-905 ◽

Cited By ~ 60

Author(s):

Andrés Martín-Asuero ◽

Gloria García-Banda

Keyword(s):

Experimental Study ◽

Psychological Distress ◽

Stress Reduction ◽

Health Professionals ◽

Healthcare Professionals ◽

Training Programs ◽

The Other ◽

Reduction Program ◽

Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction

This semi-experimental study examines how Mindfulness facilitates a distress reduction in a group of health professionals. The sample comprises 29 professionals seeking stress reduction who undertook an 8 weeks psico-educative intervention, involving 28 hours of class, based on a program called Mindfulness-based Stress Reduction or MBSR. Results show a 35% reduction of distress, from percentile 75 to 45, combined with a 30% reduction in rumination and a 20% decrease in negative affect. These benefits lasted during the 3 months of the follow up period. The correlation analysis indicates that the decrease in distress is significantly related to the other two variables. These results confirm the effectiveness of MBSR to decrease distress and its applicability in training programs for health professionals.

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Solitary confinement and institutional harm

Incarceration ◽

10.1177/26326663211065644 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 263266632110656

Author(s):

Bruce Western ◽

Jessica T. Simes ◽

Kendra Bradner

Keyword(s):

Psychological Distress ◽

Social Isolation ◽

Qualitative Interviews ◽

Empirical Support ◽

Longitudinal Survey ◽

Material Deprivation ◽

Solitary Confinement ◽

Three Dimensions ◽

Legal Arguments

In a given year, one in five people incarcerated in the U.S. prisons is locked in solitary confinement. We study solitary confinement along three dimensions of penal harm: (1) material deprivation, (2) social isolation, and (3) psychological distress. Data from a longitudinal survey of incarcerated men who are interviewed at baseline in solitary confinement are used to contrast the most extreme form of penal custody with general prison conditions observed at a follow-up interview. Solitary confinement is associated with extreme material deprivation and social isolation that accompanies psychological distress. Distress is greatest for those with histories of mental illness. Inactivity and feelings of dehumanization revealed in qualitative interviews help explain the distress of extreme isolation, lending empirical support to legal arguments that solitary confinement threatens human dignity.

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The relationship between exclusion from school and mental health: a secondary analysis of the British Child and Adolescent Mental Health Surveys 2004 and 2007

Psychological Medicine ◽

10.1017/s003329171700215x ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 48 (4) ◽

pp. 629-641 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

T. Ford ◽

C. Parker ◽

J. Salim ◽

R. Goodman ◽

S. Logan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Psychological Distress ◽

Psychiatric Disorder ◽

Health Surveys ◽

Secondary Analysis ◽

Adolescent Mental Health ◽

Child And Adolescent ◽

The Impact ◽

The Relationship

BackgroundChildren with poor mental health often struggle at school. The relationship between childhood psychiatric disorder and exclusion from school has not been frequently studied, but both are associated with poor adult outcomes. We undertook a secondary analysis of the British Child and Adolescent Mental Health Surveys from 2004 and its follow-up in 2007 to explore the relationship between exclusion from school and psychopathology. We predicted poorer mental health among those excluded.MethodPsychopathology was measured using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, while psychiatric disorder was assessed using the Development and Well-Being Assessment and applying Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Fourth Edition (DSM IV) criteria. Exclusion from school and socio-demographic characteristics were reported by parents. Multi-variable regression models were used to examine the impact of individual factors on exclusion from school or psychological distress.ResultsExclusion from school was commoner among boys, secondary school pupils and those living in socio-economically deprived circumstances. Poor general health and learning disability among children and poor parental mental health were also associated with exclusion. There were consistently high levels of psychological distress among those who had experienced exclusion at baseline and follow-up.ConclusionsWe detected a bi-directional association between psychological distress and exclusion. Efforts to identify and support children who struggle with school may therefore prevent both future exclusion and future psychiatric disorder.

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Osteoporosis - a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases: A follow-up study

Srpski arhiv za celokupno lekarstvo ◽

10.2298/sarh1502028t ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 143 (1-2) ◽

pp. 28-34 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Ivan Tasic ◽

Marina Rasic-Popovic ◽

Sonja Stojanovic ◽

Bojana Stamenkovic ◽

Svetlana Kostic ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Density ◽

Postmenopausal Women ◽

Bone Fractures ◽

Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

The Elderly ◽

Group Iii ◽

Normal Bone ◽

Group I ◽

Standard Assessment

Introduction. Cardiovascular (CV) diseases and bone fractures due to osteoporosis are the leading causes of death in the elderly. Objective. The aim of this study was to demonstrate a correlation between the overall risk for CV events, and low bone density in postmenopausal women, and its impact on the incidence of serious CV events. Methods. Our prospective study involved 300 postmenopausal women. All the examinees were divided into three groups based on their measured bone density: Group I - 84 examinees with osteoporosis; Group II - 115 examinees with osteopenia; and Group III - 101 examinees with normal bone density. In all examinees the overall ten-year risk for a fatal CV event was calculated using the SCORE system tables. Results. After a 36-month follow-up, CV events occurred in 19 (6.3%) examinees. Significant differences in the incidence of CV events were demonstrated between the patients with osteoporosis, osteopenia, and normal bone density (?2=28.7; p<0.001), as well as between those with a high and low CV risk (?2=22.6; p<0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that smoking (OR: 2.23; 95% CI: 1.02 to 6.19; p=0.035), and increase of overall CV score (OR: 1.36; 95% CI: 1.17 to 1.58; p<0.001) are associated with increased CV event risk, while the increase of T score value is associated with decreased risk of CV event (OR: 0.42; 95% CI: 0.25 to 0.73; p=0.002). Conclusion. Measurement of bone density with a standard assessment of the total CV risk could be useful for selecting women who need intensive prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis.

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A Virtual Reality-Based Self-Help Intervention for Dealing with the Psychological Distress Associated with the COVID-19 Lockdown: An Effectiveness Study with a Two-Week Follow-Up

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18158188 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (15) ◽

pp. 8188

Author(s):

Giuseppe Riva ◽

Luca Bernardelli ◽

Gianluca Castelnuovo ◽

Daniele Di Lernia ◽

Cosimo Tuena ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Virtual Reality ◽

Psychological Distress ◽

Outcome Measures ◽

Perceived Stress ◽

Social Connectedness ◽

Primary Outcome ◽

Post Intervention ◽

Stress Levels ◽

Secondary Outcomes

The aim of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of a novel self-administered at-home daily virtual reality (VR)-based intervention (COVID Feel Good) for reducing the psychological burden experienced during the COVID-19 lockdown in Italy. A total of 40 individuals who had experienced at least two months of strict social distancing measures followed COVID Feel Good between June and July 2020 for one week. Primary outcome measures were depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms, perceived stress levels, and hopelessness. Secondary outcomes were the experienced social connectedness and the level of fear experienced during the COVID-19 pandemic. Linear mixed-effects models were fitted to evaluate the effectiveness of the intervention. Additionally, we also performed a clinical change analysis on primary outcome measures. As concerning primary outcome measures, participants exhibited improvements from baseline to post-intervention for depression levels, stress levels, general distress, and perceived stress (all p < 0.05) but not for the perceived hopelessness (p = 0.110). Results for the secondary outcomes indicated an increase in social connectedness from T0 to T1 (p = 0.033) but not a significant reduction in the perceived fear of coronavirus (p = 0.412). Among these study variables, these significant improvements were maintained from post-intervention to the 2-week follow-up (p > 0.05). Results indicated that the intervention was associated with good clinical outcomes, low-to-no risks for the treatment, and no adverse effects or risks. Globally, evidence suggests a beneficial effect of the proposed protocol and its current availability in 12 different languages makes COVID Feel Good a free choice for helping individuals worldwide to cope with the psychological distress associated with the COVID-19 crisis, although large scale trials are needed to evaluate its efficacy.

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Case Report: Dilemma To Save Or Not To Save A Tooth

IIUM Medical Journal Malaysia ◽

10.31436/imjm.v16i2.1054 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 16 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Yee Woo Yap ◽

Azillah Mohd Ali

Keyword(s):

Case Report ◽

Root Formation ◽

Dentigerous Cyst ◽

Permanent Teeth ◽

Treatment Modalities ◽

Successful Outcome ◽

Odontogenic Cysts ◽

Standard Assessment ◽

Good Healing

Introduction: Dentigerous cyst is the most common odontogenic cysts that are associated with the crowns of permanent teeth. Treatment modalities normally include enucleation or marsupialization of the cyst. However, currently there are no standard assessment criteria to dictate which kind of treatment for certain cases. The purpose of this report is to describe the successful outcome of conservative surgical management of a large dentigerous cyst associated with an unerupted right maxillary permanent canine in an 8-year-old boy. The cyst was enucleated partially but leaving the cystic lining surrounding the unerupted canine in order to preserve the tooth. 3-year follow up revealed good healing with significant root formation and tooth eruption.

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Characteristics, Outcomes, and Statistical Solutions of Missing Cases in Web-Based Psychotherapy: A methodological replication and elaboration (Preprint)

10.2196/preprints.22700 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Eyal Karin ◽

Monique Francis Crane ◽

Blake Farran Dear ◽

Olav Nielssen ◽

Gillian Ziona Heller ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Psychological Distress ◽

Treatment Outcomes ◽

Clinical Outcomes ◽

Treatment Adherence ◽

Statistical Models ◽

Post Treatment ◽

Symptom Change ◽

Web Based ◽

Reduction Effect

BACKGROUND Missing cases present a challenge to our ability to evaluate the effects of web-based psychotherapy trials. As missing cases are often lost to follow up, less is known about their characteristics, their likely clinical outcomes, or the likely effect of the treatment being trialled. OBJECTIVE To explore the characteristics of missing cases, their likely treatment outcomes, and the ability of different statistical models to approximate missing post-treatment data. METHODS A sample of internet-delivered cognitive behavioural therapy participants, in routine care (n = 6701 with 36% missing cases at post-treatment), was used to identify predictors of dropping out of treatment and predictors that moderated clinical outcomes, such as psychological distress, anxiety and depressive symptoms. These variables were then incorporated into a range of statistical models that approximated replacement outcomes for missing cases, with the results compared using sensitivity and cross-validation analyses. RESULTS Treatment adherence, as measured by the rate of an individual’s progress through the treatment modules, and higher symptom scores at pre-treatment, were identified as the dominant predictors of missing cases probability (Nagelkerke R2 = 60.8%), as well as the rate of symptom change. Low treatment adherence, in particular, was associated with increased odds for presenting as missing cases during post-treatment assessment (eg, OR = 161.1:1) and at the same time, attenuate the rate of symptom change across anxiety (up to 28% of the total symptom 48% reduction effect), depression (up to 41% of the total 48% symptom reduction effect) and psychological distress symptom outcomes (up to 52% of the total 37% symptom reduction effect) at the end of an eight week window. Reflecting this pattern of results, statistical replacement methods that overlooked the features of treatment adherence, and baseline severity, underestimated missing case symptom outcomes by as much as 40% at post-treatment. CONCLUSIONS The treatment outcomes of the cases that were missing at follow up were distinct from the remaining observed sample. Thus, overlooking the features of missing cases is likely to result in an inaccurate estimate of the effect of treatment. CLINICALTRIAL

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