scholarly journals Innovation Activity: Localization, New Trends and Assessment Methods

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 134-144
Author(s):  
Aslanbek Amrin ◽  
Nailya Nurlanova
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Development ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Regional Growth ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Innovative Activity ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Local Concentration ◽  
High Level

The purpose of this article is to identify trends and spatial features of the formation of "growth points" in Kazakhstan, based on characteristics of localization and concentration of innovative activity. The main attention in the article is given to the assessment of the various levels of industrial development and innovative activity of Kazakhstan regions, taking into account territorial features and the main directions of industrial development. The article discusses the basic concepts that explain the patterns of regional growth, the localization of high-tech industries and innovative activity, as well as methods for assessing them. Index and coefficient methods, ranking methods, grouping and rating methods were used for the analysis. To assess the innovative activity of regions, a modified rating scale was used, and a modified Krugman concentration index was proposed and used to assess the concentration of innovative activity. We have used relative indicators calculated on the basis of national statistics on science and innovations in Kazakhstan to build the ratings. The assessment of parameters of localization of scientific potential and innovative activity in Kazakhstan regions is carried out. The regions were ranked and the aggregated rating score for the regions was calculated. A typology of the regions of Kazakhstan was developed according to the level of innovation activity, four types of zones of localization of innovation activity were identified: high level (A), medium level (B), low level (C), unsatisfactory level (D). To characterize the local concentration of production of innovative products in Kazakhstan, modified Krugman concentration indices are calculated. The established zones (centers) of localization of innovative activity were identified, and it was concluded that they do not yet have a large impact on industrial development of the country as a whole. In general, positive trends in the growth of indicators of innovative activity and technological progress are observed throughout the country. Nevertheless, the rate of change remains extremely low, which indicates the uneven development of innovations in regions, as well as their territorial and industrial isolation, which has a negative impact on the speed of development of the technological process in the country.

In the post-crisis world, did debt and equity markets respond differently to high-tech industries and innovative firms?

2020 ◽  
pp. 026624262094728
Author(s):  
Marc Cowling ◽  
Weixi Liu ◽  
Ning Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Equity Markets ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Innovative Activity ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
High Tech ◽  
High Tech Industry ◽  
General Process ◽  
External Finance ◽  
Innovative Firms ◽  
Industry Sectors

The belief that more general capital constraints are exacerbated and magnified in innovative and technology-based firms has provided justification for policy intervention, across the range of equity and debt-based financial instruments. In this article, we tackle the question as to whether smaller innovative firms, both in and outside of high-tech industry sectors, do indeed face greater constraints when seeking to access capital from external markets. Our results show that both high-tech and innovation are important determinants of the firms’ demand for external finance, but these effects are more pronounced in equity markets than debt markets. On the supply side of capital markets, being in a high-tech industry sector was relatively unimportant from the point of view of financiers. Rather, being involved in innovative activity was associated with a greater incidence of absolute and partial rationing and also in terms of the general process of applying for finance being substantially more difficult. These findings were more acute for firms in high-tech industry sectors that were also engaged in innovative activity. Our findings also suggest that policy makers need greater clarity and nuance when developing policy responses around high-tech and broader innovation activity which, although they have significant overlap, should not be conflated.

FINANCING INNOVATION ACTIVITY BASED ON THE EXAMPLE OF ENTERPRISES FROM PERIPHERAL REGIONS

2018 ◽  
Vol XX (1) ◽  
pp. 9-16
Author(s):  
Mieczysław Adamowicz ◽  
Magdalena Anna Zwolińska-Ligaj
Keyword(s):  
Innovative Activity ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Research Material ◽  
High Level ◽  
Interview Questionnaire ◽  
Peripheral Regions

The aim of the work is to characterize the scale, sources of financing and the allocation of financial outlays for innovative activities in the surveyed enterprises. The enterprises are located in two counties of the region showing the characteristics of peripherality. The most important barriers to innovative activity were also examined. The work was based on the results of surveys using the interview questionnaire carried out in the examined counties of the Lublin voivodeship. The research material consists of 147 interviews with entrepreneurs. The research were conducted in 2015. They covered the period 2010-2014. The study showed that expenditures aimed at increasing the innovativeness of enterprises were rarely made and were intended mainly to strengthen their material potential. Entrepreneurs financed innovative activity almost exclusively from their own resources. Entrepreneurs mostly noticed the existence of barriers to innovative activity. The barriers mainly concerned limited possibilities of financing the innovative activity and high level of its costs.

scholarly journals Substantiation of Conditions and Factors for Reducing Regional Differentiation of Innovative Activity

2020 ◽  
pp. 65-76
Author(s):  
Maxim Osovin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Innovation Policy ◽  
Patent Application ◽  
Innovative Activity ◽  
Sustainable Growth ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Regional Differentiation ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Production Chain ◽  
The Russian Federation

A comparative analysis of innovation activity in the Russian Federation and EU countries is carried out. The comparison revealed that modern innovation policy should be aimed not only at increasing labor productivity, but also at solving social problems related to ensuring food security, environmental protection and improving the quality of life of the population. Maintaining a balance between the demand for digital technology and the supply of high-tech products on the market is a basic element in the transition to a new stage of scientific and technological structure. Factors that negatively affect the development and implementation of technological, organizational and marketing innovations are identified. It is shown that the synchronization of the chain of implementation of all newly created or improved technologies ensuring the continuity of the innovation cycle requires the combined efforts of all subjects of innovation. The level of diffusion of innovative activity in federal districts of the Russian Federation is estimated. It is concluded that there is a significant differentiation of regional and sectoral intensity of innovative development. It is substantiated that in order to reduce regional differentiation when introducing advanced practices into the production process, one should take into account the type of innovative activity. According to the attractiveness for investment, digital economy instruments are divided into three categories that characterize one or another stage of their life cycle: maturity, sustainable growth, and a breakthrough trend. It was revealed that the further massive penetration of technological innovations into all links of the production chain should clearly follow the global trends of production digitalization, where the key factor for the success of innovation-oriented companies is the search for the most promising investment projects at the stage of filing a patent application. Based on the analysis, recommendations were developed to stimulate innovative susceptibility in the regions of Russia.

scholarly journals Innovative activity as a determinant of competitiveness of industrial enterprise

2020 ◽  
pp. 5-9
Author(s):  
Nataliia DASHCHENKO
Keyword(s):  
Business Models ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Innovative Activity ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Export Credit ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Production Technologies

The article deals with the dependence of the competitiveness of industrial enterprises on the level of innovation activity. The essence and main characteristics of the competitive advantages of the enterprise from the point of view of innovative activity in the course of innovative activity are highlighted. One of the factors that can increase the competitiveness of business is the active use of innovative production technologies, which will ensure a continuous improvement of scientific, technical, industrial, financial and social activities in the context of changes in the institutional environment. The results of analytical research of priority sectors of Ukrainian economy from the point of view of innovative activity are presented. With the transition of the economy to the next technological institution, it is worth talking about the change of priority industries in the structure of industry - from low-processing with low added value to innovative high-tech and high-margin. As the first Ukrainian Business Innovation Index showed, only some companies are ready to invest in innovation and have a strategic vision. According to research, most companies are still not ready and do not plan to make fundamental changes in their business models in the near future. Innovation is limited to the introduction of new production technologies, automation of tasks, training of staff new skills, changing approach to marketing and communications. The necessity of systematic support of innovative activity is substantiated, the basic directions of optimization of structure of economy of Ukraine are allocated. The European vector of Ukraine gives a good chance to digitize the processes. In particular, for state-owned companies in areas such as energy and oil and gas, the prospect of digitalization has become the prospect of entering the European Union. However, without major changes to the regulatory system, government priorities, and extensive government-business cooperation, no real major changes can be expected. The issue is not only in the tax field or subsidization, but also in education, digital skills of the population. The necessity of updating the issue of development of high-tech sectors of the economy has been proved, which will increase the competitiveness of industrial enterprises. Given the trends identified, it is appropriate to emphasize the need to take concrete actions to change the structure of the economy, to increase exports of high-tech products, the creation of export-credit agencies, industrial parks.

scholarly journals TRANSFORMATION OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX IN THE DIGITAL ECONOMY

2021 ◽  
pp. 71-79
Author(s):  
Yu. S. Polozhentseva ◽  
M. G. Klevtsova
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Development ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
Current State ◽  
Technological Modernization ◽  
High Level

In the modern conditions of economic development, the development of the industrial complex is being transformed with emphasis on digital technologies and high-tech production. The article considers new principles of the implementation of the state’s economic policy taking into account the challenges of the fourth industrial revolution, as well as the results of the analysis of the main indicators of industrial development, both in the world and in Russia in particular, including the assessment of the current state of innovation and technological activity of the industrial sector of the Russian economy. At the same time the authors pay special attention to the analysis of modern trends in the development of industry in countries with both a high level of high-tech production and a low level. The paper analyses the prospects of Russian industry development to justify the need for technological breakthrough strategies and technological modernization of industrial enterprises. 

scholarly journals PROBLEMS OF STATE REGULATION OF INNOVATIVE ACTIVITY IN CONSTRUCTION

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tetiana Zaiats ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Innovation Policy ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Innovative Activity ◽  
Information Modeling ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Development Organization ◽  
State Management

The article identifies the problems of state regulation of innovation in construction and substantiates the main directions of improving its efficiency. The Bloomberg Innovation Index was used to assess the general state of innovation in Ukraine. Dynamic analysis of Ukraine's position in the ranking of the Bloomberg Innovation Index as a whole and by individual sub-indices of 2018–2020 revealed such problems as the reduction of production of high-tech goods, labor productivity, intensity of research and development. The study of innovation management was performed using a situational approach. It is established that the state regulation of innovation is mainly based on the methods of indirect influence. It is emphasized that in the conditions of economic crisis it is expedient to prefer methods of direct state regulation. The analysis revealed a range of problems related to forecasting and programming of innovation development, organization and coordination of relevant bodies in the implementation of innovation policy, regulation, financial and investment support for innovation, insufficient stimulation of demand for innovative products, unsatisfactory state of protection of intellectual property rights. The problems of state management of innovation activity are specified. The imbalance of the branch, national and regional programs of innovative development coordinating was revealed. Problems and directions of development of infrastructure of innovative activity are defined. Perspective directions of technological renewal of construction are defined, in particular development of resource-saving, energy-efficient technologies, introduction of Building Information Modeling technologies. The organization of public and private mortgage funds is offered, which will allow to receive financial resources at a low interest rate. It is established that the underdevelopment of the financial market of Ukraine most slows down the solution of problems of financing innovative activities in construction through the attraction of credit, venture capital, state budget funds for innovative development of the construction sector.

FINANCIAL FACTORS TO STIMULATE INNOVATION ADOPTION AT INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kateryna Ovsiienko ◽  
◽  
Artur Ovsiienko ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Innovation Process ◽  
Innovation Adoption ◽  
Innovative Activity ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Situational Analysis ◽  
State Budget ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Funding Sources

Modern industrial enterprises play a crucial role in providing the innovation process of the national economy. They are the suppliers of high-tech products that affect the economic growth of various sectors of the economy. Despite the fact that the issue of innovative activity intensification of modern enterprises is quite actively covered by scientists, the process of innovation adoption at industrial enterprises remains insufficiently studied. Therefore, there is a need to identify the main factors of innovation adoption at industrial enterprises of Ukraine. In addition, it is important to determine the role of different funding sources for stimulating innovation adoption. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the place of financial resources in the set of innovation adoption stimulating factors and to determine the optimal structure of funding sources for industrial enterprises innovation activity. The article examines the approaches of modern scientists to the interpretation the concept of "adopted innovation" essence. The place of the innovation adoption in the innovation process is determined: it is an intermediate link between the created R&D and the commercialized one. It is determined that the innovation implementation at an enterprise depends on such aspects as: human resources, market, novations, and finance. It is noted that these aspects generate internal and external factors affecting the innovation adoption. The importance of different funding sources for stimulating innovation adoption is substantiated. Based on the data for 2000–2019, a vector autoregression model (VAR) of the new machines and equipment adoption dynamics at industrial enterprises of Ukraine under the influence of various funding sources was built. With the help of VAR-model and situational analysis it is determined that in order to maximize the number of new machines and equipment adoption at the industrial enterprises of Ukraine in the funding structure of innovative activity the predominant share should be occupied by own resources of industrial enterprises and state budget funds.

Cross-industry transformation: Structural modifications and innovative development

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 1238-1260
Author(s):  
Viktoriya V. AKBERDINA ◽  
Ol'ga P. SMIRNOVA
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Production ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Innovative Activity ◽  
High Tech ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Business Structures ◽  
Industry Transformation

Subject. The cross-industry transformation is viewed from perspectives of the cross-industry interaction in industrial complexes and the integration of industrial technologies, which can be used directly in unrelated industries, with the multiplicative effect giving an impetus to S&T development of the nation. Objectives. We identify key aspects and new technological trends in the industry and analyze the innovative activity as a driver of structural changes in the economy. Methods. The study is based on methods of systems, structural-functional, comparative, economic-statistical and comprehensive approaches to analyzing the safe and sustainable operation of industries. Results. The article reviews issues of the integration or intellectual and information technologies into business structures of the industrial production for profit-making and competitive advantages in the market. We determined versatile indicators of the sustainable industrial development as there technological changes induce the large transformation. We display the structure of the industrial sector over time by type of economic activity, analyzing the degree and dynamism of the innovative activity in high-tech, mid-tech and low-tech production. Despite the positive dynamics of the Industrial Production Index, the percentage of the industrial sector in GDP has been shrinking for several years in a row, with the major portion being contributed by the servicing sector. Conclusions and Relevance. The digitalization of the industrial sector is one of the principal trends in the global economic development, with digital cross-industrial technological processes prevailing in all industries, reshaping their structure and bringing innovations and modernization. The use and broad integration of digital technologies gives enterprises a competitive advantage for sustainable development, which is indispensable without additional financial injections into such technologies.

Comparative Analysis of Innovative Activity of Companies in High-Tech and Low-Tech Sectors

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4-2) ◽  
pp. 253-273
Author(s):  
Anton Goryushkin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Innovative Activity ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Technological Base ◽  
Innovation Processes

The level of innovation activity has not changed for a large number of years, despite the measures taken by the state. Based on empirical data, the article examines the dynamics of the following components of companies’ innovative activity in high-tech and low-tech sectors of the manufacturing industry: introduction of product and other types of innovations; activities to improve the qualifications of personnel; purchase of licensed foreign technologies and intangible assets. We also tested the statistical significance of differences in the levels of innovation activity of high-tech and low-tech companies in different economic conditions using the t-criterion. The analysis showed a decrease in the share of companies engaged in any kind of innovative activity. During the period of economic growth, both high-tech and low-tech companies made equal use of opportunities to increase innovation activity. It was found that the level of innovation activity among high-tech companies declines to a lesser extent than among low-tech companies during the crisis. In these conditions, high-tech companies are more actively using "internal reserves": they are working more to improve the skill level of staff and implementing innovation processes. During periods of high and low rates of economic growth, high-tech companies often buy new technology, but it does not lead to greater innovation activity; companies are only updating their technological base. During the period of weak economic growth, companies in both sectors continued to reduce their innovative activity in all areas. The resumption of growth trends in innovative activities is possible only when companies see the prospects from the implementation of innovative activities.

scholarly journals Monitoring Spatial Changes in Manufacturing Firms in Seoul Metropolitan Area Using Firm Life Cycle and Locational Factors

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (14) ◽  
pp. 3808
Author(s):  
Youngsoo An ◽  
Li Wan
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Firm Growth ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Location Quotient ◽  
Seoul Metropolitan Area ◽  
Spatial Changes ◽  
High Level

This paper diagnoses the development of the manufacturing industry in the Seoul Metropolitan Area (SMA) using portfolio and regression analyses. Following the life-cycle perspective, four types of spatial changes of firms have been identified, namely firm formation, inflow, outflow, and dissolution, which are applied to analyze the manufacturing development in SMA. For portfolio analysis, we propose the Net Formation Index and Net Inflow Index to measure the spatial changes of firms at the city level. The two indices facilitate horizontal comparison among cities in SMA in terms of firm growth from new opening and relocation. Using spatial regression analysis, we identify significant location factors that contribute to firm change patterns. Our tests show that a high level of industrial specialization (measured by location quotient) has a dual effect. On the one hand, high level specialization attracts new or inflow firms, particularly in the light and high-tech manufacturing industries. On the other hand, it leads to an increased number of closed or outflow firms, plausibly due to increased competition among local firms. The proposed methods can be applied to diagnose industrial development in clusters of inter-connected cities and design policy tools to boost the local industry.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document