scholarly journals The Air Gap and Angle Optimization in the Axial Flux Permanent Magnet Motor

1970 ◽  
Vol 110 (4) ◽  
pp. 25-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Akuner ◽  
E. Huner
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Flux ◽  
Permanent Magnet ◽  
Permanent Magnets ◽  
Air Gap ◽  
Magnetic Flux Density ◽  
Permanent Magnet Motor ◽  
Axial Flux ◽  
Flux Change ◽  
Torque Values ◽  
The Impact

In this study, the axial flux permanent magnet motor and the length range of the air gap between rotors was analyzed and the appropriate length obtained. NdFeB permanent magnets were used in this study. Permanent magnets can change the characteristics of the motor's torque. However, the distance between permanent magnets and the air gap will remain constant for each magnet. The impact of different magnet angles for the axial flux permanent magnet motor and other motor parameters was examined. To this aim, the different angles and torque values of the magnetic flux density were calculated using the finite element method of analysis with the help of Maxwell 3D software. Maximum torque was obtained with magnet angles of 21°, 26°, 31.4°, and 34.4°. Additionally, an important parameter for the axial flux permanent magnet motor in terms of the air gap flux was analyzed. Minimum flux change was obtained with a magnet angle of 26°. The magnetic flux of the magnet-to-air-gap is under 0.5 tesla. Given the height of the coil, the magnet-to-air-gap distance most suitable for the axial flux permanent magnet motor was 4 mm. Ill. 11, bibl. 4, tabl. 2 (in English; abstracts in English and Lithuanian).http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.eee.110.4.280

scholarly journals Design of a New 1D Halbach Magnet Array with Good Sinusoidal Magnetic Field by Analyzing the Curved Surface

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 2522
Author(s):  
Guangdou Liu ◽  
Shiqin Hou ◽  
Xingping Xu ◽  
Wensheng Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Magnetic Flux ◽  
Permanent Magnet ◽  
Flux Density ◽  
Permanent Magnets ◽  
Air Gap ◽  
Curved Surface ◽  
Magnetic Flux Density ◽  
Sinusoidal Magnetic Field ◽  
The Magnetic Field

In the linear and planar motors, the 1D Halbach magnet array is extensively used. The sinusoidal property of the magnetic field deteriorates by analyzing the magnetic field at a small air gap. Therefore, a new 1D Halbach magnet array is proposed, in which the permanent magnet with a curved surface is applied. Based on the superposition of principle and Fourier series, the magnetic flux density distribution is derived. The optimized curved surface is obtained and fitted by a polynomial. The sinusoidal magnetic field is verified by comparing it with the magnetic flux density of the finite element model. Through the analysis of different dimensions of the permanent magnet array, the optimization result has good applicability. The force ripple can be significantly reduced by the new magnet array. The effect on the mass and air gap is investigated compared with a conventional magnet array with rectangular permanent magnets. In conclusion, the new magnet array design has the scalability to be extended to various sizes of motor and is especially suitable for small air gap applications.

scholarly journals Development of Mathematical Models in Explicit Form for Design and Analysis of Axial Flux Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (21) ◽  
pp. 7695
Author(s):  
Franjo Pranjić ◽  
Peter Virtič
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Flux ◽  
Permanent Magnet ◽  
Input Data ◽  
Permanent Magnets ◽  
Synchronous Machines ◽  
Simplified Model ◽  
Magnetic Flux Density ◽  
Axial Component ◽  
Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines ◽  
Axial Flux

This article proposes a methodology for the design of double-sided coreless axial flux permanent magnet synchronous machines, which is based on a developed model for calculating the axial component of the magnetic flux density in the middle of the distance between opposite permanent magnets, which also represents the middle of the stator. Values for different geometric parameters represent the input data for the mathematical model in explicit form. The input data are calculated by using a simplified finite element method (FEM), which means that calculations of simplified 3D models are performed. The simplified model consists of two rotor disks with surface-mounted permanent magnets and air between them, instead of stator windings. Such a simplification is possible due to similar values of permeability of the air and copper. For each simplified model of the machine the axial component of the magnetic flux density is analyzed along a line passing through the center of opposite permanent magnets and both rotor disks. Values at the middle of the distance between the opposite permanent magnets are the lowest and are therefore selected for the input data at different stator, rotor disks and permanent magnets (PM) thicknesses. Such input data enable the model to consider the nonlinearity of materials.

scholarly journals 2-D Analytical Model for Predicting Magnetic Flux Distribution in Slotless Single-sided Axial Flux Permanent-Magnet Synchronous Machines

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-105
Author(s):  
A. Ghaffari
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Flux ◽  
Permanent Magnet ◽  
Flux Density ◽  
Analytical Model ◽  
Permanent Magnets ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Synchronous Machines ◽  
Magnetic Flux Density ◽  
Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines ◽  
Axial Flux

This paper estimates the magnetic flux density components in the slotless single-sided axial flux permanent-magnet synchronous machines (SAFPMSMs). For this purpose, a 2-D analytical model based on the sub-domain method is utilized in which the cross-section of the presented machine is divided into the seven sub-regions such as stator side exterior, stator, winding, air-gap, permanent-magnets (PMs), mover and mover side exterior. Based on the Maxwell equations, the related partial differential equations (PDEs) of magnetic flux density components are formed in each sub-region which are identified as the essential step for obtaining the machines quantities. According to the superposition theorem, two separate steps are implemented for calculating the magnetic flux density components. In the first step, open circuit analysis includes various type of magnetization patterns, i.e. parallel, ideal Halbach, 2-segment Halbach and bar magnet in shifting direction is investigated and armature currents are zero and in the second step PMs are inactive and the magnetic flux density components are originated due to only armature reaction. Eventually, 2-D finite element method (FEM) is determined to confirm the accuracy of the presented analytical approach and an acceptable agreement between the analytical and FEM models can be observed.

Development of Magnetic Coupling Utilizing Magnetic Material Attached Magnetic-Flux Concentrated Surface Permanent Magnet Arrangement

2014 ◽  
Vol 792 ◽  
pp. 159-164
Author(s):  
Takuya Hirakawa ◽  
Takashi Todaka ◽  
Masato Enokizono
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Material ◽  
Magnetic Flux ◽  
Permanent Magnet ◽  
Flux Density ◽  
Vessel Wall ◽  
Permanent Magnets ◽  
Magnetic Coupling ◽  
Air Gap ◽  
Magnetic Flux Density

This paper presents a magnetic coupling for a large-sized mixer, which is separated by a vessel wall. In order to improve the transmission-torque, the magnetic material attached magnetic-flux concentrated surface permanent magnet (MCSPM) arrangement is applied to the magnetic coupling and the construction is optimized. The results show that the MCSPM arrangement is very effective to improve the air-gap magnetic flux density and the transmission torque even quantity of very few permanent magnets.

scholarly journals DESIGN OF A SINGLE-PHASE RADIAL FLUX PERMANENT MAGNET GENERATOR WITH VARIATION OF THE STATOR DIAMETER

2019 ◽  
Vol 81 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hari Prasetijo ◽  
Winasis Winasis ◽  
Priswanto Priswanto ◽  
Dadan Hermawan
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Flux ◽  
Permanent Magnet ◽  
Flux Density ◽  
Single Phase ◽  
Air Gap ◽  
Wire Diameter ◽  
Terminal Phase ◽  
Magnetic Flux Density ◽  
Phase Voltage ◽  
Radial Flux

This study aims to observe the influence of the changing stator dimension on the air gap magnetic flux density (Bg) in the design of a single-phase radial flux permanent magnet generator (RFPMG). The changes in stator dimension were carried out by using three different wire diameters as stator wire, namely, AWG 14 (d = 1.63 mm), AWG 15 (d = 1.45 mm) and AWG 16 (d = 1.29 mm). The dimension of the width of the stator teeth (Wts) was fixed such that a larger stator wire diameter will require a larger stator outside diameter (Dso). By fixing the dimensions of the rotor, permanent magnet, air gap (lg) and stator inner diameter, the magnitude of the magnetic flux density in the air gap (Bg) can be determined. This flux density was used to calculate the phase back electromotive force (Eph). The terminal phase voltage (V∅) was determined after calculating the stator wire impedance (Z) with a constant current of 3.63 A. The study method was conducted by determining the design parameters, calculating the design variables, designing the generator dimensions using AutoCad and determining the magnetic flux density using FEMM simulation.  The results show that the magnetic flux density in the air gap and the phase back emf Eph slightly decrease with increasing stator dimension because of increasing reluctance. However, the voltage drop is more dominant when the stator coil wire diameter is smaller. Thus, a larger diameter of the stator wire would allow terminal phase voltage (V∅) to become slightly larger. With a stator wire diameter of 1.29, 1.45 and 1.63 mm, the impedance values of the stator wire (Z) were 9.52746, 9.23581 and 9.06421 Ω and the terminal phase voltages (V∅) were 220.73, 221.57 and 222.80 V, respectively. Increasing the power capacity (S) in the RFPMG design by increasing the diameter (d) of the stator wire will cause a significant increase in the percentage of the stator maximum current carrying capacity wire but the decrease in stator wire impedance is not significant. Thus, it will reduce the phase terminal voltage (V∅) from its nominal value.

scholarly journals Analysis of a Permanent-Magnet Brushless DC Motor with Fixed Dimensions

2010 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-81
Author(s):  
Uldis Brakanskis ◽  
Janis Dirba ◽  
Ludmila Kukjane ◽  
Viesturs Drava
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Flux ◽  
Permanent Magnet ◽  
Permanent Magnets ◽  
Dc Motor ◽  
Magnetic Flux Density ◽  
Brushless Dc Motor ◽  
Outer Diameter ◽  
Zone Length ◽  
Brushless Dc ◽  
Permanent Magnet Brushless Dc

Analysis of a Permanent-Magnet Brushless DC Motor with Fixed DimensionsThe purpose of this paper is to describe the analysis of a permanent-magnet brushless DC motor with fixed outer diameter and active zone length. The influence of air gap, material of permanent magnets and their size on the magnetic flux density of the machine and magnetic flux is analyzed. The work presents the calculations of two programs, the comparison of the results and the most suitable combination of factors that has been found.

Design and analysis of a high speed double-sided axial flux permanent magnet motor suspended vertically by magnetic bearings

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Ömer Faruk Güney ◽  
Ahmet Çelik ◽  
Ahmet Fevzi Bozkurt ◽  
Kadir Erkan
Keyword(s):  
Permanent Magnet ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Permanent Magnets ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Magnetic Bearings ◽  
Permanent Magnet Motor ◽  
Axial Flux ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Shaft System ◽  
Rotor Disk

This paper presents the electromagnetic and mechanical analysis of an axial flux permanent magnet (AFPM) motor for high speed (12000 rpm) rotor which is vertically suspended by magnetic bearings. In the analysis, a prototype AFPM motor with a double-sided rotor and a coreless stator between the rotors are considered. Firstly, electromagnetic analysis of the motor is carried out by using magnetic equivalent circuit method. Then, the rotor disk thickness is determined based on a rotor axial displacement due to the attractive force between the permanent magnets placed on opposite rotor disks. Hereafter, an analytical solution is carried out to determine the natural frequencies of the rotor-shaft system. Finally, 3D finite element analysis (FEA) is carried out to verify the analytical results and some experimental results are given to verify the analytical and numerical results and prove the stable high-speed operation.

scholarly journals Efek Air Gap pada Rancang Bangun dan Uji Performa Generator Listrik Fluks Aksial Berbasis Magnet Permanen NdFeB

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Maulana
Keyword(s):  
Performance Analysis ◽  
Permanent Magnet ◽  
Rotational Speed ◽  
Output Voltage ◽  
Permanent Magnets ◽  
Air Gap ◽  
Axial Flux ◽  
Ndfeb Magnets ◽  
Magnetic Remanence ◽  
Electrical Generator

Abstrak:Dalam penelitian ini telah dianalisis efek air gap terhadap performa generator listrik tipe fluks aksial berbasismagnet permanen NdFeB. Analisis performa dilakukan dengan mengukur output tegangan generator listrik fluks aksialterhadap ukuran air gap dan kecepatan putar rotor. Air gap antara stator dan rotor divariasikan dari 7 sampai 20 mm. Darihasil eksperimen, peningkatan remanansi magnet berbanding lurus terhadap peningkatan output tegangan. Sebaliknya,peningkatan ukuran air gap menurunkan tegangan output secara linier. Hal ini disebabkan oleh adanya penurunan magnetikflux density secara exponensial. Pada ukuran air gap 7 mm dan kecepatan rotor 1500 rpm, dihasilkan output teganganmaksimal untuk Br = 0,2 dan 1,3 Tesla berturut-turut sebesar 10,4 dan 67,7 volt.Kata Kunci: air gap, generator listrik fluks aksial, ouput tegangan, magnet NdFeBAbstract:In this paper, the effect of air gap to the performance of NdFeB based permanent magnet axial flux electricalgenerator have been analyzed. The performance analysis was performed by measuring the ouput potential of generator asthe changing of air gap and rotational speed of rotor. The air gap was varied from 7 to 20 mm. Based on the experiment, theincreasing of magnetic remanence of permanent magnets was linearly corelated to the increasing of output voltage. On theother hand, increasing of the air gap was linearly reduced the ouput voltage. This effect is caused by the decreasing ofmagnetic flux densityexponentially. On the fixed air gap of 7 mm androtational speed of 1500 rpm, the maximum ouputvoltage is achived for Br = 0.2 and 1.3 Tesla  with the value of 10.4 and 67.7 volt, respectively.Keywords: air gap, axial flux electrical generator, ouput voltage, NdFeB magnets

scholarly journals Pengaruh Geometri dan Kuat Medan Permanen dari Magnet Permanen NdFeB Terhadap Output Generator Fluks Aksial

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
SILVIANA SIMBOLON
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Flux ◽  
Permanent Magnet ◽  
Flux Density ◽  
Rotation Speed ◽  
Visual Basic ◽  
Magnetic Flux Density ◽  
Axial Flux ◽  
Ndfeb Permanent Magnet ◽  
Maximum Voltage ◽  
Permanent Magnet Generator

Abstrak: Pada penelitian ini, telah dilakukan investigasi pengaruh bentuk geometri dan magnetik flux density terhadap outputtegangan dari generator axial flux magnet permanen. Model dari generator axial didesain menggunakan sofware 3D StudioMax dan visual basic net express. Pada simulasi dan eksperimen digunakan magnet permanen NdFeB yang dibentuk circulardan rectangular dengan variasi magnetik flux density 0,5; 0,8; 1,1; 1,3 Tesla pada kecepatan rotasi sekitar 260 – 540 rpm. Darihasil simulasi dan eksperimen ditunjukkan bahwa geometri magnet permanen sangat mempengaruhi dalam menghasilkanmagnetik flux density maksimum. Hasil ini juga menunjukkan adanya korelasi antara output tegangan maksimum denganmagnetik fluk density maksimum. Semakin besar magnetik fluk density dan kecepatan rotor putar (rotasi) akan menghasilkanoutput tegangan yang semakin besar.Kata kunci: generator, magnetic flux density, rotasi, voltageAbstract: In this paper, the influence of geometric shapes and magnetic flux density on the maximum Voltage (Emax) of theaxial flux permanent magnet generator has been investigated. Modeling of axial flux permanent magnet generator wasdesigned using 3D Studio Max and visual basic net express software. The simulation and experimentally were performed byusing NdFeB permanent magnet in the form of rectangular and circular shape with various Magnetic Flux Densities as 0.5,0.8, 1.1, and 1.3 Tesla at the rotation speed around 260-540 rpm. The obtained results both from simulation and experimentshow that the magnetic geometry, in this case the cross-section A, is directly proportional to the maximum magnetic flux,(Фmax). The results also showed that there was a correlation between the maximum Voltage (Emax) and the maximum magneticflux, ((Фmax). The increasing of magnetic flux density and rotor rotation increases the output voltage.Keywords: generator, magnetic flux density, rotation, voltage

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