scholarly journals A Case for the Standardized Assessment of Testamentary Capacity

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan Brenkel ◽  
Kimberley Whaley ◽  
Nathan Herrmann ◽  
Kerri Crawford ◽  
Elias Hazan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structured Interview ◽  
Mental Capacity ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Assessment Instrument ◽  
Standardized Assessment ◽  
Assessment Instruments ◽  
Potential Value ◽  
Testamentary Capacity ◽  
Consent To Treatment ◽  
Frail Population

BackgroundWith an increasingly aged, frail population that holds a disproportionate amount of wealth, clinicians (especially those with expertise in older adults) may be asked with more frequency to offer a clinical opinion on testamentary capacity (TC), the mental capacity to make a will.MethodThis paper reviews the legal criteria as well as the empirical research on assessment tools for determining testamentary capacity (TC). We also review the relevance of instruments used for the assessment of other decisional capacities in order to evince the potential value of developing a standardized assessment of TC for clinician experts.ResultsThe legal criteria, often referred to as a “test”, for determining requisite TC (Banks v. Goodfellow) have remained much the same since 1870 with minimal clinical input and, as such, there has been little development in TC assessment instruments. Decisional instruments designed to assess Consent to Treatment may have relevance for TC.ConclusionWe make the case for a semi-structured interview that includes standardized criteria for the legal test for TC, supplemented by a validated brief neuropsychological assessment, which together comprise a Contemporaneous Assessment Instrument (CAI) for TC.

Convening Expert Panels to Identify Mental Capacity Assessment Items

1995 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 697-705 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary Naglie ◽  
Michel Silberfeld ◽  
Keith O'Rourke ◽  
Bruce Fried ◽  
Nancy Durham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Group Process ◽  
Mental Capacity ◽  
Assessment Instrument ◽  
Standardized Assessment ◽  
Capacity Assessment ◽  
Importance Weights

AbstractThe objective of this study was to attempt to develop an index of assessment items important to most, if not all, mental capacity determinations. A group process, judgmental method was used. Three separate panels of multidisciplinary experts were assembled to define relevant assessment items and to assign importance weights to the items. All three panels generated a list of assessment items, but panelists refused to assign importance weights. Four items were identified by all three panels, six were identified by two panels, and three were identified by one panel only. A composite list of mental capacity assessment items was generated, but the study failed to generate a standardized assessment instrument.

scholarly journals Mental capacity in psychiatric patients

2007 ◽  
Vol 191 (4) ◽  
pp. 291-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Okai ◽  
Gareth Owen ◽  
Hugh McGuire ◽  
Swaran Singh ◽  
Rachel Churchill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interrater Reliability ◽  
Clinical Epidemiology ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Mental Capacity ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Capacity Assessment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Consent To Treatment ◽  
Psychiatric Population

BackgroundMental capacity is central to legal and ethical debates on the use of compulsion in psychiatry.AimsTo describe the clinical epidemiology of mental incapacity in patients with psychiatric disorders, including interrater reliability of assessments, frequency in the psychiatric population and associations of mental incapacity.MethodCross-sectional studies of capacity to consent to treatment for psychiatric patients were systematically reviewed from Medline, EMBASE and PsycInfo databases. Information on the reliability of assessments, frequency and associations of mental incapacity was extracted.ResultsOut of 37 papers reviewed, 29 different capacity assessment tools were identified. Studies were highly heterogeneous in their measurement and definitions of capacity. Interrater reliabilities between tools were high. Studies indicate incapacity is common (median 29%) but the majority of psychiatric in-patients are capable of making treatment decisions. Psychosis, severity of symptoms, involuntary admission and treatment refusal were the strongest risk factors for incapacity.ConclusionsMental capacity can be reliably assessed. The majority of psychiatric in-patients have capacity, and socio-demographic variables do not have a major impact but clinical ones do.

scholarly journals Comparison of content and psychometric properties for assessment tools used for brain tumor patients: a scoping review

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lelde Ģiga ◽  
Anete Pētersone ◽  
Silva Čakstiņa ◽  
Guna Bērziņa
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Brain Tumors ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Functional Status ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Assessment Instrument ◽  
Assessment Instruments ◽  
Status Assessment ◽  
Eortc Qlq

Abstract Aims To determine the most frequently utilized functional status assessment instruments for patients with brain tumors, compare their contents, using the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF), and their psychometric properties. Methods A scoping review was conducted to explore possible assessment instruments and summarize the evidence. A systematic literature search was performed for identification of the frequently used functional assessment tool in clinical trials in PubMed, ScienceDirect, and ProQuest databases. The content of most used instruments was linked to the ICF categories. The psychometric qualities of these assessment tools were systematically searched and analyzed. Results Nine most used assessment tools in clinical trials were identified. The most frequently used assessment instrument is the Karnofsky Performance Scale, which is developed for a general assessment of oncological patients. Out of four self-assessment tools, two were disease-specific (EORTC QLQ-BN20 and FACT-Br), EORTC QLQ-C30 has been shown good psychometric properties in patients with brain tumors as well as in patients with various oncological diseases, similar to the SF-36, it is used in patients with brain tumors as well as in patients with various diseases. The Functional Independence Measure and the Barthel Index were two objective assessment tools that described functioning, but two were neuropsychological tests (MMSE and Trial Making Test). Two hundred eighty-three meaningful concepts were identified and linked to 102 most relevant second-level categories covering all components of the ICF. Forty-nine studies reporting psychometric properties of those nine assessment tools were identified, indicating good reliability and validity for all the instruments. Conclusion Nine most frequently utilized functional status assessment instruments for patients with brain tumors represent all components of the ICF and have good psychometric properties. However, the choice of the tool depends on the clinical question posed and the aim of its use.

scholarly journals PENGEMBANGAN INSTRUMEN PENILAIAN KOMPETENSI MEMBACA PADA MATA PELAJARAN BAHASA INDONESIA KELAS VII BERBASIS QUIPPER SCHOOL

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 334
Author(s):  
ANA PUJI ASTUTI
Keyword(s):  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Assessment Instrument ◽  
Internet Technology ◽  
Product Development Process ◽  
Competency Assessment ◽  
Assessment Instruments ◽  
Design And Development ◽  
Language Class ◽  
Reflective Design ◽  
Bahasa Indonesia

ABSTRAK: Penelitian pengembangan ini bertujuan menghasilkan sebuah produk yang berupa instrumen penilaian kompetensi membaca pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia kelas VII berbasis Quipper School. Penelitian ini difokuskan pada aspek struktur, isi, dan bahasa yang menggunakan Quipper School sebagai media online dengan teknik tes objektif. Pengembangan produk yang berupa instrumen menggunakan model R2D2 (recursive, reflective, design, and development).  Metode penelitian  pengembangan juga  didasarkan pada pendapat Sugiyono (2013:407) bahwa metode penelitian digunakan untuk menghasilkan produk tertentu dan menguji keefektifan produk tersebut. Instrumen penilaian yang digunakan memiliki tiga fokus kerja, yaitu (1) penetapan, (2) desain dan pengembangan, dan (3) diseminasi. Produk yang dikembangkan adalah instrumen penilaian kompetensi membaca kelas VII berbasis Quipper School dengan hasil telaah berupa  (1) penilaian, (2) masukan kritik dan saran dengan fokus pembahasan pada tiga aspek, yaitu struktur, isi, dan bahasa.yang melibatkan tim ahli dan praktisi. Produk pengembangan ini memiliki struktur (1) soal semester gasal dan (2) soal semester genap. Kajian terhadap produk hasil penelitian dan pengembangan ini difokuskan terhadap keunggulan produk, kelemahan produk, dan antisipasi kelemahan produk. Kata kunci: Pengembangan Instrumen Penilaian, Kompetensi Membaca, Quipper School.ABSTRACT: The study was based on an assessment conducted in SMP Muhammadiyah 8 Stone still conventional and not utilizing internet technology. Determination of reading skills as competence taught in schools has implications for the development of assessment instruments are made. Indonesian Teachers need to develop appropriate assessment tools to assess student achievement in reading aspect. Moreover, in 2015 the government has held a UN (National Examination) for students of SMP / MTs and SMA / MA online special at some designated schools. Therefore, this study aimed to produce a product in the form of reading competence assessment instruments Indonesian Language class VII School Quipper based on aspects of the structure and contents, as well as aspects of the language. The product development process is using the working principle of R2D2 (recursive, reflective design and development). Competency assessment instrument reading in class VII-based Quipper School has three foci of work, namely (1) the determination, (2) design and development, and (3) dissemination. Products developed through this research is a standard assessment instrument grade reading competency-based Quipper VII School. Because based Quipper School, there are two aspects that are reviewed by experts, namely (1) the structure and content and (2) language. Data on each aspect is divided into two kinds, including (1) the review of the form of assessment and (2) the review of the form of input criticisms and suggestions. Discussion on the development of products focused on three aspects, namely the structure, content and language. The products developed are standards of competency assessment tools to read in Indonesian Language class VII. This product has the structure (1) about the odd semester and (2) about the second semester. The study on product research and development is focused on product excellence, product weaknesses, and the anticipated weakness of the product. Keywords: Development of Assessment Tools, Competency Reading, Quipper School.

Drug Assessment Instruments and Their Relevance with Women

2019 ◽  
pp. V-4-Issue-4
Author(s):  
Sam Choi, Ph.D., M.S.W.
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Evaluation Studies ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Study Finding ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Assessment Instrument ◽  
Assessment Instruments ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
The Status ◽  
Scholarly Inquiry

Reviews of literature reveal that there is recognition of the importance of development women-sensitive drug assessment instrument. However, validating existing drug assessment instruments with women and development of women-sensitive assessment tools remain in opaque areas for scholarly inquiry. The purposes of this paper are twofold: 1) to investigate outcomes of evaluation studies of existing drug abuse assessment instruments in woman population samples; 2) to examine the status of the empirical studies on psychometric properties among those instruments. This review investigates four drug assessment instruments including ASI, DAST, DUSI, and MMPI-s. A review of literature yields little evidence that research has been responding to ensure gender differences in drug assessment instruments. This study finding suggests the great demands of further research on validating existing drug assessment instruments and development of women-sensitive assessment instruments.

Pengembangan Instrumen Penilaian Kinerja Praktikum Organisasi Kehidupan Berbasis Konstruktivisme Kelas VII SMP

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 9-15
Author(s):  
Dewi Febrianty ◽  
Risnita Risnita ◽  
Afreni Hamidah
Keyword(s):  
Performance Assessment ◽  
Positive Response ◽  
Assessment Instrument ◽  
Assessment Instruments ◽  
Development Research ◽  
Design Development ◽  
Teachers And Students ◽  
Assessment Sheet ◽  
Practical Performance ◽  
Made In

Practical performance assessment is an important part of the learning process, but several obstacles are found in its implementation. The objectives of this study are (1) to develop constructivism-based performance assessment instruments for class VII Yunior High School in  Life Organization subject,  (2) to describe aspects that need to be made in constructivism-based practical performance assessment instruments, and (3) to describe teacher responses in using constructivism-based practical performance assessment instruments. This research is a development research using a 4D model, the stages are defining, design, development and distribution. The trial subjects in this study consisted of 10 students for small group trials and 40 students for large group trials. The indicators used in the study include aspects related to the development of constructivist life-based practicum assessment instruments. Instrument used was a questionnaire to reveal the response of teachers and students to practical performance assessment instruments. The results of the data analysis showed that the content feasibility value is 86.31% at the intervals of 48.33 which means it is feasible to use. Most students gave a positive response to the assessment sheet given (96.67%), a small portion gave a negative response (33.3%). Because the average positive response of students is more than 75%, the performance assessment instrument is considered feasible to be applied.

scholarly journals Rates of violence in patients classified as high risk by structured risk assessment instruments

2014 ◽  
Vol 204 (3) ◽  
pp. 180-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jay P. Singh ◽  
Seena Fazel ◽  
Ralitza Gueorguieva ◽  
Alec Buchanan
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Assessment Instruments ◽  
Individual Liberty ◽  
Current Evidence Base ◽  
Study Heterogeneity

BackgroundRates of violence in persons identified as high risk by structured risk assessment instruments (SRAIs) are uncertain and frequently unreported by validation studies.AimsTo analyse the variation in rates of violence in individuals identified as high risk by SRAIs.MethodA systematic search of databases (1995–2011) was conducted for studies on nine widely used assessment tools. Where violence rates in high-risk groups were not published, these were requested from study authors. Rate information was extracted, and binomial logistic regression was used to study heterogeneity.ResultsInformation was collected on 13 045 participants in 57 samples from 47 independent studies. Annualised rates of violence in individuals classified as high risk varied both across and within instruments. Rates were elevated when population rates of violence were higher, when a structured professional judgement instrument was used and when there was a lower proportion of men in a study.ConclusionsAfter controlling for time at risk, the rate of violence in individuals classified as high risk by SRAIs shows substantial variation. In the absence of information on local base rates, assigning predetermined probabilities to future violence risk on the basis of a structured risk assessment is not supported by the current evidence base. This underscores the need for caution when such risk estimates are used to influence decisions related to individual liberty and public safety.

Comment on “The Influence of Risk Assessment Instrument Scores on Evaluators’ Risk Opinions and Sexual Offender Containment Recommendations”

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (9) ◽  
pp. 1236-1241
Author(s):  
Christopher Lobanov-Rostovsky
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Sex Offender ◽  
Sexual Offender ◽  
Assessment Instrument ◽  
Assessment Instruments ◽  
Management Board ◽  
Risk Assessment Instrument ◽  
Potential Confounding Variable ◽  
Standards And Guidelines ◽  
And Behavior

The work of the Colorado Sex Offender Management Board (SOMB) has been called into question as a result of the manuscript “The Influence of Risk Assessment Instrument Scores on the Evaluators’ Risk Opinions and Sexual Offender Containment Recommendations” published in Criminal Justice and Behavior (2017). This response covers the following areas: significant nomenclature problems used to describe the Adult Standards and Guidelines, the dated nature of the SOMB citations in the manuscript, the flaws in the interpretation of the use of the 17 SOMB risk factors and the SOMB policy related to risk assessment, a potential confounding variable that may explain the results obtained, and finally the work of the SOMB to foster the use of validated risk assessment instruments and evidence-based policies and practices. The SOMB takes pride in providing up-to-date, research-supported practices for its providers and would never intentionally do otherwise, as suggested by the article.

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