Mego Kin Classification

Gregory Forth

doi:10.5771/0257-9774-2020-2-389

Mego Kin Classification

Anthropos ◽

10.5771/0257-9774-2020-2-389 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 115 (2) ◽

pp. 389-404

Author(s):

Gregory Forth

Keyword(s):

Continuous Variation ◽

Social Forms ◽

Published Account ◽

Different Parts

This is the first published account of kin classification of Mego, a district in the extreme eastern part of the Lio region of Flores Island. Despite recent changes affecting marriage practices, the terminology survives as a classification of asymmetric alliance. Terminological usage is discussed with reference to traditional social forms and comparatively, in relation to several other Lio terminologies, cognate terms in other Ngadha-Lio languages, and Malayo-Polynesian and Austronesian protoforms. Needham’s (1984) blanket characterization of an implicitly unitary “Lio” terminology as revealing features of asymmetric alliance in the first ascending and descending levels, but symmetric features in ego’s level, is refuted by showing quite continuous variation among different parts of Lio, as well as symmetric indications in other levels. The latter are discussed both as features that ignore or supersede “wife-takers” subordination to “wife-givers” as receivers of brides, and as evidence for a historical transformation from symmetric to asymmetric alliance.

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Morphological and Ultrastructural Characterization of Hemocytes in an Insect Model, the Hematophagous Dipetalogaster maxima (Hemiptera: Reduviidae)

Insects ◽

10.3390/insects12070640 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (7) ◽

pp. 640

Author(s):

Natalia R. Moyetta ◽

Fabián O. Ramos ◽

Jimena Leyria ◽

Lilián E. Canavoso ◽

Leonardo L. Fruttero

Keyword(s):

Cell Biology ◽

Cell Types ◽

Transmission Electron ◽

Ultrastructural Characterization ◽

Current Classification ◽

Contrast Microscopy ◽

First Time ◽

Controversial Aspect

Hemocytes, the cells present in the hemolymph of insects and other invertebrates, perform several physiological functions, including innate immunity. The current classification of hemocyte types is based mostly on morphological features; however, divergences have emerged among specialists in triatomines, the insect vectors of Chagas’ disease (Hemiptera: Reduviidae). Here, we have combined technical approaches in order to characterize the hemocytes from fifth instar nymphs of the triatomine Dipetalogaster maxima. Moreover, in this work we describe, for the first time, the ultrastructural features of D. maxima hemocytes. Using phase contrast microscopy of fresh preparations, five hemocyte populations were identified and further characterized by immunofluorescence, flow cytometry and transmission electron microscopy. The plasmatocytes and the granulocytes were the most abundant cell types, although prohemocytes, adipohemocytes and oenocytes were also found. This work sheds light on a controversial aspect of triatomine cell biology and physiology setting the basis for future in-depth studies directed to address hemocyte classification using non-microscopy-based markers.

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Semi-automated regional classification of the style of activity of slow rock-slope deformations using PS InSAR and SqueeSAR velocity data

Landslides ◽

10.1007/s10346-021-01654-0 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Chiara Crippa ◽

Elena Valbuzzi ◽

Paolo Frattini ◽

Giovanni B. Crosta ◽

Margherita C. Spreafico ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rock Slope ◽

Progressive Failure ◽

Principal Component ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Displacement Rate ◽

Machine Learning Classification ◽

Management Perspective ◽

Alpine Environments

AbstractLarge slow rock-slope deformations, including deep-seated gravitational slope deformations and large landslides, are widespread in alpine environments. They develop over thousands of years by progressive failure, resulting in slow movements that impact infrastructures and can eventually evolve into catastrophic rockslides. A robust characterization of their style of activity is thus required in a risk management perspective. We combine an original inventory of slow rock-slope deformations with different PS-InSAR and SqueeSAR datasets to develop a novel, semi-automated approach to characterize and classify 208 slow rock-slope deformations in Lombardia (Italian Central Alps) based on their displacement rate, kinematics, heterogeneity and morphometric expression. Through a peak analysis of displacement rate distributions, we characterize the segmentation of mapped landslides and highlight the occurrence of nested sectors with differential activity and displacement rates. Combining 2D decomposition of InSAR velocity vectors and machine learning classification, we develop an automatic approach to characterize the kinematics of each landslide. Then, we sequentially combine principal component and K-medoids cluster analyses to identify groups of slow rock-slope deformations with consistent styles of activity. Our methodology is readily applicable to different landslide datasets and provides an objective and cost-effective support to land planning and the prioritization of local-scale studies aimed at granting safety and infrastructure integrity.

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The Underlying Order Induced by Orthogonality and the Quantum Speed Limit

Quantum Reports ◽

10.3390/quantum3030024 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 3 (3) ◽

pp. 376-388

Author(s):

Francisco J. Sevilla ◽

Andrea Valdés-Hernández ◽

Alan J. Barrios

Keyword(s):

Energy Spectrum ◽

Energy Distribution ◽

Finite Time ◽

Complete Characterization ◽

Comprehensive Analysis ◽

Orthogonality Condition ◽

Speed Limit ◽

Physical Quantities

We perform a comprehensive analysis of the set of parameters {ri} that provide the energy distribution of pure qutrits that evolve towards a distinguishable state at a finite time τ, when evolving under an arbitrary and time-independent Hamiltonian. The orthogonality condition is exactly solved, revealing a non-trivial interrelation between τ and the energy spectrum and allowing the classification of {ri} into families organized in a 2-simplex, δ2. Furthermore, the states determined by {ri} are likewise analyzed according to their quantum-speed limit. Namely, we construct a map that distinguishes those ris in δ2 correspondent to states whose orthogonality time is limited by the Mandelstam–Tamm bound from those restricted by the Margolus–Levitin one. Our results offer a complete characterization of the physical quantities that become relevant in both the preparation and study of the dynamics of three-level states evolving towards orthogonality.

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Molecular Classification and Tumor Microenvironment Characterization of Gallbladder Cancer by Comprehensive Genomic and Transcriptomic Analysis

Cancers ◽

10.3390/cancers13040733 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (4) ◽

pp. 733

Author(s):

Nobutaka Ebata ◽

Masashi Fujita ◽

Shota Sasagawa ◽

Kazuhiro Maejima ◽

Yuki Okawa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tumor Microenvironment ◽

Gallbladder Cancer ◽

Epithelial To Mesenchymal Transition ◽

Molecular Classification ◽

Mesenchymal Transition ◽

Elevated Expression ◽

Fresh Frozen ◽

Therapeutic Decision Making

Gallbladder cancer (GBC), a rare but lethal disease, is often diagnosed at advanced stages. So far, molecular characterization of GBC is insufficient, and a comprehensive molecular portrait is warranted to uncover new targets and classify GBC. We performed a transcriptome analysis of both coding and non-coding RNAs from 36 GBC fresh-frozen samples. The results were integrated with those of comprehensive mutation profiling based on whole-genome or exome sequencing. The clustering analysis of RNA-seq data facilitated the classification of GBCs into two subclasses, characterized by high or low expression levels of TME (tumor microenvironment) genes. A correlation was observed between gene expression and pathological immunostaining. TME-rich tumors showed significantly poor prognosis and higher recurrence rate than TME-poor tumors. TME-rich tumors showed overexpression of genes involved in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and inflammation or immune suppression, which was validated by immunostaining. One non-coding RNA, miR125B1, exhibited elevated expression in stroma-rich tumors, and miR125B1 knockout in GBC cell lines decreased its invasion ability and altered the EMT pathway. Mutation profiles revealed TP53 (47%) as the most commonly mutated gene, followed by ELF3 (13%) and ARID1A (11%). Mutations of ARID1A, ERBB3, and the genes related to the TGF-β signaling pathway were enriched in TME-rich tumors. This comprehensive analysis demonstrated that TME, EMT, and TGF-β pathway alterations are the main drivers of GBC and provides a new classification of GBCs that may be useful for therapeutic decision-making.

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Practical classification of triple-negative breast cancer: intratumoral heterogeneity, mechanisms of drug resistance, and novel therapies

npj Breast Cancer ◽

10.1038/s41523-020-00197-2 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Antonio Marra ◽

Dario Trapani ◽

Giulia Viale ◽

Carmen Criscitiello ◽

Giuseppe Curigliano

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Triple Negative Breast Cancer ◽

Triple Negative ◽

Residual Disease ◽

Therapeutic Approaches ◽

Minimal Residual Disease Monitoring ◽

Anticancer Treatment ◽

Immune Contexture

Abstract Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is not a unique disease, encompassing multiple entities with marked histopathological, transcriptomic and genomic heterogeneity. Despite several efforts, transcriptomic and genomic classifications have remained merely theoretic and most of the patients are being treated with chemotherapy. Driver alterations in potentially targetable genes, including PIK3CA and AKT, have been identified across TNBC subtypes, prompting the implementation of biomarker-driven therapeutic approaches. However, biomarker-based treatments as well as immune checkpoint inhibitor-based immunotherapy have provided contrasting and limited results so far. Accordingly, a better characterization of the genomic and immune contexture underpinning TNBC, as well as the translation of the lessons learnt in the metastatic disease to the early setting would improve patients’ outcomes. The application of multi-omics technologies, biocomputational algorithms, assays for minimal residual disease monitoring and novel clinical trial designs are strongly warranted to pave the way toward personalized anticancer treatment for patients with TNBC.

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Characterization of Electroencephalographic Findings at an Electrodiagnostic Unit of a Tertiary Hospital, North-central Nigeria

JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN BASIC AND CLINICAL SCIENCES ◽

10.46912/jrbcs.94 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 49-55

Author(s):

E U Iwuozo ◽

J O Enyikwola ◽

I O Obekpa ◽

O O Ijachi ◽

A A Godwin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tertiary Hospital ◽

Seizure Disorder ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

North Central ◽

Younger Age ◽

High Prevalence ◽

Diagnosis And Classification ◽

Age Range

Electroencephalography (EEG) remains an important investigative tool in supporting the diagnosis and classification of various seizure types. We sought to examine and characterize the EEG findings from all patients referred for the procedure. This cross-sectional retrospective study was carried out at an EEG unit in Federal Medical Centre, Makurdi, Benue State, North Central Nigeria from May 2016 to December 2020. Relevant patients' information were extracted and analysed using SPSS version 21. A total of 484 patients were seen over the study period with age range of 1-87 years and median age of 23 years. They comprised of 254 (52.5%) male and 230 (47.5%) female. The psychiatrist and the Physicians/Neurologist referred most of them for EEG, 201 (41.5%) and 124 (25.6%) respectively. The most reported indication for EEG was clinical suspicion of seizure disorder 291 (60.1%), whilst some did not have a clear indication 111 (22.9%). About 417 (86.2%) of our patients had abnormal EEG finding out of which 414 (99.3%) were diagnostic of seizure disorder made up of generalized seizure in 255 (61.6%) and focal seizure in 159 (38.4%). About 237 (48.9%) of them were already on antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) at referral of which 190 (80.2%0 were taking carbamazepine. This study showed a high prevalence of abnormal EEG with most of them diagnostic of seizure disorder especially generalized seizure. They were mostly of younger age group with about half of them already on AEDs at referral, majority of who were sent by the Psychiatrist.

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Soil–landform–plant-community relationships of a periglacial landscape on Potter Peninsula, maritime Antarctica

Solid Earth ◽

10.5194/se-6-583-2015 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 583-594 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

E. L. Poelking ◽

C. E. R. Schaefer ◽

E. I. Fernandes Filho ◽

A. M. de Andrade ◽

A. A. Spielmann

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Plant Communities ◽

Terrestrial Ecosystems ◽

Maritime Antarctica ◽

Climate Change Effects ◽

Ornithogenic Soils ◽

Physical Environmental Factors ◽

Potter Peninsula

Abstract. Integrated studies on the interplay between soils, periglacial geomorphology and plant communities are crucial for the understanding of climate change effects on terrestrial ecosystems of maritime Antarctica, one of the most sensitive areas to global warming. Knowledge on physical environmental factors that influence plant communities can greatly benefit studies on the monitoring of climate change in maritime Antarctica, where new ice-free areas are being constantly exposed, allowing plant growth and organic carbon inputs. The relationship between topography, plant communities and soils was investigated on Potter Peninsula, King George Island, maritime Antarctica. We mapped the occurrence and distribution of plant communities and identified soil–landform–vegetation relationships. The vegetation map was obtained by classification of a QuickBird image, coupled with detailed landform and characterization of 18 soil profiles. The sub-formations were identified and classified, and we also determined the total elemental composition of lichens, mosses and grasses. Plant communities on Potter Peninsula occupy 23% of the ice-free area, at different landscape positions, showing decreasing diversity and biomass from the coastal zone to inland areas where sub-desert conditions prevail. There is a clear dependency between landform and vegetated soils. Soils that have greater moisture or are poorly drained, and with acid to neutral pH, are favourable for moss sub-formations. Saline, organic-matter-rich ornithogenic soils of former penguin rookeries have greater biomass and diversity, with mixed associations of mosses and grasses, while stable felsenmeers and flat rocky cryoplanation surfaces are the preferred sites for Usnea and Himantormia lugubris lichens at the highest surface. Lichens sub-formations cover the largest vegetated area, showing varying associations with mosses.

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An Application of Spherical Geometry to Hyperkähler Slices

Canadian Journal of Mathematics ◽

10.4153/s0008414x20000127 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-30

Author(s):

Peter Crooks ◽

Maarten van Pruijssen

Keyword(s):

Sufficient Conditions ◽

Compact Subgroup ◽

Spherical Geometry ◽

Spherical Subgroup ◽

Cotangent Bundles ◽

Complex Semisimple ◽

Reductive Subgroup ◽

Necessary And Sufficient

Abstract This work is concerned with Bielawski’s hyperkähler slices in the cotangent bundles of homogeneous affine varieties. One can associate such a slice with the data of a complex semisimple Lie group $G$ , a reductive subgroup $H\subseteq G$ , and a Slodowy slice $S\subseteq \mathfrak{g}:=\text{Lie}(G)$ , defining it to be the hyperkähler quotient of $T^{\ast }(G/H)\times (G\times S)$ by a maximal compact subgroup of $G$ . This hyperkähler slice is empty in some of the most elementary cases (e.g., when $S$ is regular and $(G,H)=(\text{SL}_{n+1},\text{GL}_{n})$ , $n\geqslant 3$ ), prompting us to seek necessary and sufficient conditions for non-emptiness. We give a spherical-geometric characterization of the non-empty hyperkähler slices that arise when $S=S_{\text{reg}}$ is a regular Slodowy slice, proving that non-emptiness is equivalent to the so-called $\mathfrak{a}$ -regularity of $(G,H)$ . This $\mathfrak{a}$ -regularity condition is formulated in several equivalent ways, one being a concrete condition on the rank and complexity of $G/H$ . We also provide a classification of the $\mathfrak{a}$ -regular pairs $(G,H)$ in which $H$ is a reductive spherical subgroup. Our arguments make essential use of Knop’s results on moment map images and Losev’s algorithm for computing Cartan spaces.

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Kenoplumbomicrolite, (Pb,□)2Ta2O6[□,(OH),O], a new mineral from Ploskaya, Kola Peninsula, Russia

Mineralogical Magazine ◽

10.1180/minmag.2017.081.082 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 82 (5) ◽

pp. 1049-1055 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Daniel Atencio ◽

Marcelo B. Andrade ◽

Luca Bindi ◽

Paola Bonazzi ◽

Matteo Zoppi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Kola Peninsula ◽

Northern Region ◽

Complete Characterization ◽

New Mineral ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

International Mineralogical Association ◽

Cell Parameters ◽

Mohs Hardness

ABSTRACTThis study presents a complete characterization of kenoplumbomicrolite, (Pb,□)2Ta2O6[□,(OH),O], occurring in an amazonite pegmatite from Ploskaya Mountain, Western Keivy Massif, Kola Peninsula, Murmanskaja Oblast, Northern Region, Russia.Kenoplumbomicrolite occurs in yellowish brown octahedral, cuboctahedral and massive crystals, up to 20 cm, has a white streak, a greasy lustre and is translucent. The Mohs hardness is ~6. Attempts to measure density (7.310–7.832 g/cm3) were affected by the ubiquitous presence of uraninite inclusions. Reflectance values were measured in air and immersed in oil. Kenoplumbocrolite is optically isotropic. The empirical formula is (Pb1.30□0.30Ca0.29Na0.08U0.03)Σ2.00(Ta0.82Nb0.62Si0.23Sn4+0.15Ti0.07Fe3+0.10Al0.01)Σ2.00O6[□0.52(OH)0.25O0.23]Σ1.00 (from the crystal used for the structural study) and (Pb1.33□0.66Mn0.01)Σ2.00(Ta0.87Nb0.72Sn4+0.18Fe3+0.11W0.08Ti0.04)Σ2.00O6[□0.80(OH)0.10O0.10]Σ1.00 (average including additional fragments). The mineral is cubic, space group Fd$\overline 3 $m. The unit-cell parameters refined from powder X-ray diffraction data are a = 10.575(2) Å and V = 1182.6(8) Å3, which are in accord with those obtained previously from a single crystal of a = 10.571(1) Å, V = 1181.3(2) Å3 and Z = 8. The mineral description and its name have been approved by the Commission on New Minerals, Nomenclature and Classification of the International Mineralogical Association (IMA2015-007a).

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