Preferences for car sharing service attributes among university students: Evidence from an emerging market

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 636-653
Author(s):  
Nataša Bojković ◽  
Veljko Jeremić ◽  
Marijana Petrović ◽  
Slaven Tica
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Stated Preference ◽  
Emerging Market ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Sharing Economy ◽  
User Preferences ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Car Sharing ◽  
Initiation Phase

Car sharing is a specific business model that allows a new form of personal mobility. University students, generally very receptive to the concept of a sharing economy, are recognized as a prospective customer group for car sharing operators. This paper proposes an ex ante analysis that aims to reveal how students from an area where car sharing is underdeveloped perceive this mobility option. University students in Belgrade were asked to state their preferences regarding a mix of attributes and levels replicating service design from current practice. Preferences for particular service attributes were explored using stated preference survey and Choice-Based Conjoint analysis, while further preference-based segmentation was obtained using the Partitioning Around Medoids method. The contribution of this work is that it delivers findings on an emerging car-sharing market where there is very little research on user profiles. From a methodological point of view, we form distinctive customer clusters based on the uniformity of their preferences. By being aware of users’ prior expectations, service providers can determine their operational priorities more easily when unlocking the market. The paper outlines both the similarities and differences between students in an emerging market and their counterparts in more developed countries. Our findings reveal that the student population is homogeneous regarding critical aspects of service adoption like cost, distance to vehicles, and parking convenience. Specific service attributes such as the pricing scheme and keeping vehicles clean are found to be issues of peculiar interest in our study market. Although our proposed approach to shaping user preferences was developed for car sharing analysis it is applicable to other service-oriented businesses in the initiation phase.

scholarly journals Electric Car Sharing as an Interdisciplinary Test Ground of Various Fields of Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 1/2020 (32) ◽  
pp. 94-107
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Tchorek ◽  
◽  
Agnieszka Allen ◽  
Katarzyna Dziewanowska ◽  
Tomasz Geodecki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Research Area ◽  
Sharing Economy ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Urban Mobility ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Car Sharing ◽  
Electric Car ◽  
Scientific Disciplines ◽  
Engineering Sciences ◽  
Research Problems

The aim of the article is to present car sharing, with particular emphasis on electric car sharing, as an interdisciplinary research area. This applies not only to social sciences – management (strategy or marketing), sociology, economics (including the sharing economy), consumer psychology, but also to urban planning, engineering sciences (electrical engineering or energy) and, finally, ecology. Only the use of a broader perspective allows the understanding of the importance of car sharing, including electric vehicles, in contemporary social and economic processes. The diagnosis of factors that may affect the widespread use of car sharing, which we treat as an element of cities’ response to congestion and smog, requires a reference to the knowledge of the previously mentioned scientific disciplines. The core value of this article is that it provides a multi-faceted perspective on the consumer and prosumer, urban mobility and the energy ecosystem from the point of view of the sharing economy and zero/low carbon cars. In recent years, the number of research articles on car sharing has been growing (Ferrero, Perboli, Rosano, & Vesco, 2018); however, studies written from the point of view of a single, less often two scientific disciplines dominate. We propose to extend this perspective. Although, in research terms, this work is preliminary and exploratory, adopting a broad observation perspective should allow for establishing a dialogue between disciplines to ensure better formulation of research problems and solve socio economic dilemmas not only in the field of the sharing economy, and to better introduce the issue of car sharing to the area of management sciences.

scholarly journals Traditional and Developing Segments of the Sharing Economy from the Point of View of Customers

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 469-483
Author(s):  
Libena Tetrevova ◽  
Martina Jelinkova ◽  
Simona Munzarova
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Questionnaire Survey ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Sharing Economy ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Passenger Transportation ◽  
Level Of Use ◽  
Communist Countries

The sharing economy represents a phenomenon which is increasing in importance as time goes by, even from the point of view of less developed countries. The aim of the study is to evaluate the knowledge of traditional and developing segments of the sharing economy and their platforms and to analyse and evaluate the level of their use employing the example of customers (the younger and the older generation) in one of the post-communist countries – the Czech Republic. Data was collected on the basis of a questionnaire survey (N=614). This was processed using descriptive statistics tools. The study shows that respondents are the most familiar with forms of sharing not only from traditional segments (passenger transportation and accommodation) but also from the financial segment. The best-known platforms include Uber, Airbnb and Zonky. Platforms from traditional segments are used the most. The younger generation has better awareness, both about possible forms of sharing and also about the existing platforms. However, the study did not prove any differences in the level of use of platforms between the younger and older generation.

scholarly journals The bi-objective multimodal car-sharing problem

OR Spectrum ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miriam Enzi ◽  
Sophie N. Parragh ◽  
Jakob Puchinger
Keyword(s):  
User Satisfaction ◽  
Pareto Frontier ◽  
Planning Horizon ◽  
User Preferences ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Branch And Cut ◽  
Travel Times ◽  
Car Sharing ◽  
Mode Of Transport ◽  
Constraint Method

AbstractThe aim of the bi-objective multimodal car-sharing problem (BiO-MMCP) is to determine the optimal mode of transport assignment for trips and to schedule the routes of available cars and users whilst minimizing cost and maximizing user satisfaction. We investigate the BiO-MMCP from a user-centred point of view. As user satisfaction is a crucial aspect in shared mobility systems, we consider user preferences in a second objective. Users may choose and rank their preferred modes of transport for different times of the day. In this way, we account for, e.g., different traffic conditions throughout the planning horizon. We study different variants of the problem. In the base problem, the sequence of tasks a user has to fulfil is fixed in advance and travel times as well as preferences are constant over the planning horizon. In variant 2, time-dependent travel times and preferences are introduced. In variant 3, we examine the challenges when allowing additional routing decisions. Variant 4 integrates variants 2 and 3. For this last variant, we develop a branch-and-cut algorithm which is embedded in two bi-objective frameworks, namely the $$\epsilon $$ ϵ -constraint method and a weighting binary search method. Computational experiments show that the branch-and cut algorithm outperforms the MIP formulation and we discuss changing solutions along the Pareto frontier.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Environmental Impact of Car Sharing in Consideration of Uncertainty of Influential Variables

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 975-983
Author(s):  
Katsuya Tsuji ◽  
◽  
Kiyo Kurisu ◽  
Jun Nakatani ◽  
Yuichi Moriguchi
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Rebound Effect ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Sharing Economy ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Car Sharing ◽  
New Production ◽  
Rebound Effects ◽  
The Impact

Sustainable production and consumption are categorized as target 12 in the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals. The “sharing economy” has been developing globally as a new consumption style, and it is often recognized as being environmentally friendly by both consumers and service providers. Several aspects of the practice, such as the avoidance of new production, can reduce the impact to the environment. However, additional factors, such as the expansion of consumption, namely rebound effects, can increase the impact to the environment. Although many variables exist to determine the total impact of sharing services on the environment, additional and rebound effects and the uncertainty of influential variables have not been well considered. In this study, we aim to reveal the conditions that car-sharing practices place in increasing or decreasing environmental loads, and to identify the significant influential factors on the environment imposed by car-sharing services. We analyze the CO2 emission of car sharing by considering various influential factors and their distributions. Furthermore, we consider differences in car size, fuel type, ownership condition, and several other factors in the simulation. The distribution of each variable is determined, and a Monte Carlo simulation is conducted. The CO2 emissions from the production and operational stages over a 10-y period are estimated. The simulation is conducted with sensitivity analysis to identify the variables that contribute significantly to the total CO2 emission. In some cases, the CO2 emission involved in car sharing exceeded cases in which car sharing is not practiced. Among those cases, although the main contributor to the total CO2 emission is in the operational stage, CO2 emission from the production stage increased the amount of emission. It is discovered that the number of cars increased significantly during the target 10 y after sharing is introduced in some cases. These results indicate a high probability that car sharing can achieve CO2 reduction, but the increase in CO2 emission can occur under certain conditions. Additionally, the sensitivity analysis shows that the main determinants of CO2 emission are the ratio of people who eliminated their private cars, degree of rebound effect, and increasing ratio of number of cars introduced to car-sharing practices. This suggests that whether car sharing becomes environmentally friendly depends substantially on consumer behavior and the manner in which sharing services are operated.

Physical capital stock, technological upgrading and modernisation in Hungary

2005 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Szalavetz
Keyword(s):  
Capital Accumulation ◽  
Physical Capital ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Technology Generation ◽  
Development Policies ◽  
Specific Factors ◽  
Physical Capital Accumulation

This paper discusses the relation between the quality and quantity indicators of physical capital and modernisation. While international academic literature emphasises the role of intangible factors enabling technology generation and absorption rather than that of physical capital accumulation, this paper argues that the quantity and quality of physical capital are important modernisation factors, particularly in the case of small, undercapitalised countries that recently integrated into the world economy. The paper shows that in Hungary, as opposed to developed countries, the technological upgrading of capital assets was not necessarily accompanied by the upgrading of human capital i.e. the thesis of capital skill complementarity did not apply to the first decade of transformation and capital accumulation in Hungary. Finally, the paper shows that there are large differences between the average technological levels of individual industries. The dualism of the Hungarian economy, which is also manifest in terms of differences in the size of individual industries' technological gaps, is a disadvantage from the point of view of competitiveness. The increasing differences in the size of the technological gaps can be explained not only with industry-specific factors, but also with the weakness of technology and regional development policies, as well as with institutional deficiencies.

Indian Horse

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Casey Shea Pollon
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Main Element ◽  
Text And Image ◽  
Design Studies ◽  
Visual Form ◽  
Diploma Program

Type as Image: Eliciting Emotions is a project of VCDE233 Typography II (Constanza Pacher) and VCDI223 Design and Pre-Press Production (Jess Dupuis), both courses in the Design Studies Diploma Program at MacEwan University. Students were asked to capture the essence of the book Indian Horse, by Richard Wagamese, and translate it into a three-poster series using typography as the main element. Under the premise that the visual form is dictated by the content, students were encouraged to analyze plot, characters, point of view, imagery, tone, themes and symbolism to extract key words, sentences and passages as the basis for their designs. Students were asked to challenge literal interpretations by exploring the use of expressive typography and text and image relationships.

The Role of Economic Evaluation in Dissemination and Implementation Research

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramesh Raghavan
Keyword(s):  
Service Providers ◽  
Implementation Strategies ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Dissemination And Implementation ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Open Questions ◽  
Public Health Organizations ◽  
Quality Health ◽  
Dissemination And Implementation Research

This chapter presents an overview of how D&I research can be evaluated from an economic point of view. Dissemination and implementation imposes costs upon knowledge purveyors, provider organizations, public health organizations, and payers (including governments). However, whether these added costs will result in improved service delivery and, perhaps more importantly, client outcomes and improvements in population health remain as open questions. If emerging studies reveal that defined implementation strategies are more cost effective than “usual” implementation, then policymakers and service providers will need to resource these added costs of implementation in order to assure the success and sustainability of high-quality health services over the long term.

Mean reversion in corporate leverage: evidence from India

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (9) ◽  
pp. 1183-1198
Author(s):  
Gaurav S. Chauhan ◽  
Pradip Banerjee
Keyword(s):  
Capital Structure ◽  
Emerging Market ◽  
Simulated Data ◽  
Mean Reversion ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Debt Ratio ◽  
Testing Strategy ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Financing Behavior

Purpose Recent papers on target capital structure show that debt ratio seems to vary widely in space and time, implying that the functional specifications of target debt ratios are of little empirical use. Further, target behavior cannot be adjudged correctly using debt ratios, as they could revert due to mechanical reasons. The purpose of this paper is to develop an alternative testing strategy to test the target capital structure. Design/methodology/approach The authors make use of a major “shock” to the debt ratios as an event and think of a subsequent reversion as a movement toward a mean or target debt ratio. By doing this, the authors no longer need to identify target debt ratios as a function of firm-specific variables or any other rigid functional form. Findings Similar to the broad empirical evidence in developed economies, there is no perceptible and systematic mean reversion by Indian firms. However, unlike developed countries, proportionate usage of debt to finance firms’ marginal financing deficits is extensive; equity is used rather sparingly. Research limitations/implications The trade-off theory could be convincingly refuted at least for the emerging market of India. The paper here stimulated further research on finding reasons for specific financing behavior of emerging market firms. Practical implications The results show that the firms’ financing choices are not only depending on their own firm’s specific variables but also on the financial markets in which they operate. Originality/value This study attempts to assess mean reversion in debt ratios in a unique but reassuring manner. The results are confirmed by extensive calibration of the testing strategy using simulated data sets.

scholarly journals The Determinants to Promote College Students’ Use of Car-Sharing: An Empirical Study at Dalian Maritime University, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 6627
Author(s):  
Shichao Sun ◽  
Yuanqian Liu ◽  
Yukun Yao ◽  
Zhengyu Duan ◽  
Xiaokun Wang
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Empirical Study ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Perceived Usefulness ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Car Sharing ◽  
Willingness To Use

Sustaining the development of car-sharing is considered an efficient way to counter environmental issues worldwide. Against this background, college students are recognized as a promising customer group of car-sharing service providers in China. However, the determinants that promote students’ willingness to use car-sharing services are rarely studied, and the uniqueness of college students in China in the context of car-sharing is justified. Therefore, this paper examines the key factors that affect Chinese college students’ adoption of car-sharing. An empirical study using samples from Dalian Maritime University was conducted, and survey data were collected via the Internet. Specifically, respondents’ socio-demographics were obtained, and their latent attitudes on car-sharing services were measured in terms of willingness to use car-sharing services, perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use and safety concerns. In addition, nine hypothetical travel scenarios were defined, and regarding each travel scenario, the respondents were asked to state whether they were willing or not to use car-sharing services. On this basis, a hybrid logit model was established to investigate the key factors that influenced the willingness to use car-sharing services. Aside from the common findings in line with previous studies, the results indicate that with the increase in the number of travel fellows, willingness to use car-sharing services went up. Furthermore, college students’ willingness to use car-sharing services was significantly affected by money costs rather than time costs. Additionally, college students in China are more likely to use car-sharing services during workday off-peak hours and weekends. Separately, among the respondents’ latent attitudes, only the perceived usefulness of car-sharing services was found to have a significant and positive impact on students’ willingness to use them. Relevant policy implications with regards to theoretical findings are also offered in this paper to car-sharing service providers in China.

scholarly journals Perceived onboard passengers’ experience: Flight attendants’ point of view

Work ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 68 (s1) ◽  
pp. S239-S243 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Torkashvand ◽  
L. Stephane ◽  
P. Vink
Keyword(s):  
Service Providers ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Flight Attendants ◽  
Similar Idea

BACKGROUND: Cabin research is mostly based on passenger reports. However, it is also important to consider the perceptions of flight attendants as onboard service providers, since they can convey a complementary view shedding light on important aspects related to passenger experience. OBJECTIVE: This study seeks to analyze flight-attendants’ perception regarding passengers’ inflight activities and experience. METHODS: Twenty-eight flight attendants were interviewed on more than twenty-three inflight activities that were extracted from a brainstorming session. A survey was designed based on these activities and was distributed to flight attendants. RESULTS: Overall, flight attendants perceived the activities ‘resting/relaxing’, ‘sleeping’ and ‘using the restroom’ for comfort as the most important activities to passengers, while activities ‘talking to neighbors’ and ‘thinking and observing’ were the least important ones. Interesting was the fact that flight attendants scored satisfaction of some activities higher then passengers. CONCLUSIONS: Flight attendants had a similar idea on importance of activities of passengers, but they valued some activities as more satisfactory.

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