scholarly journals Improving Seed Quality of Soybean Suitable for Growing in Europe

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Sudarić ◽  
Maja Matoša Kočar ◽  
Tomislav Duvnjak ◽  
Zvonimir Zdunić ◽  
Antonela Markulj Kulundžić
Keyword(s):  
Acid Composition ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Soybean Seed ◽  
Trade Deficit ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Future Production ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Insight Into

The potential of soybean for food, feed, and pharmaceutical industry arises from the composition of its seed. Since European countries import 95% of the annual demand for soybean grains, meal, and oil, causing an enormous trade deficit, the governments in Europe had started to introduce additional incentives to stimulate soybean cropping. To rebalance the sources of soybean supply in the future, production must be followed by continuous research to create varieties that would make European soybean more appealing to the processing industry and profitable enough to satisfy European farmers. This chapter is giving an overview of the European soybean seed quality research and an insight into soybean seed quality progress made at the Agricultural Institute Osijek, Croatia. The studies presented are mainly considering maturity groups suitable for growing in almost all European regions. The most important traits of soybean seed quality discussed are protein content and amino acid composition, oil content and fatty acid composition, soluble sugars, and isoflavones. Defining quality traits facilitates the parental selection in breeding programs aiming to improve the added value properties of final soybean products and enables the exchange of materials between different breeding and research institutions to introduce diversity, which is a prerequisite for genetic advance.

scholarly journals Genetic diversity in soybean seed quality under different storage conditions

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
Daniele Piano Rosa ◽  
Danúbia Aparecida Costa Nobre ◽  
Diego Santos Oliveira ◽  
Francisco Charles dos Santos Silva ◽  
André Ricardo Gomes Bezerra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Soybean Seed ◽  
High Standard ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Seed Vigor ◽  
Soybean Cultivars ◽  
High Germination ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
Almost All

This study aimed to assess the effect of genetic diversity on physiological quality of soybean seeds stored in cold chamber and under environmental conditions. Ten cultivars were assessed in a randomized factorial design (2x10). Factor 1 corresponded to two storage conditions and factor 2 to ten soybean cultivars, with four replications. The evaluated variables were total germination (G%), first count of germination (F%), percentage of abnormal seedlings (AS%), germination speed index (GSI), water content (WC), electrical conductivity (EC), dry matter of seedlings (DMS) and length of seedlings (LS). Data underwent ANOVA, followed by Scott Knott test, as well as multivariate analysis of genetic diversity. The results showed a higher physiological quality for seeds under cold storage. Half of the cultivars (FPS Júpiter, FPS Urano, FPS Antares, FPS Netuno and CD 250) presented high germination rates and seed vigor, being thus indicated as high-standard materials for further breeding programs. Besides that, storage environment had influence on the clustering of soybean cultivars. Moreover, cultivars had genetic dissimilarity for almost all assessed traits as G%, GSI, F%, AS%, EC, DMS and LS.

scholarly journals Quality of Harvested Seed Associated with Soybean Cultivars and Herbicides Under Weed-Free Conditions

Plant Disease ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 86 (9) ◽  
pp. 1036-1042 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. A. Bradley ◽  
G. L. Hartman ◽  
L. M. Wax ◽  
W. L. Pedersen
Keyword(s):  
Seed Quality ◽  
Soybean Seed ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Soybean Cultivars ◽  
Percent Germination ◽  
Soybean Plants ◽  
Preemergence Herbicides ◽  
Postemergence Herbicides ◽  
Field Plots

Different herbicides were applied to soybean plants in field plots planted to different soybean cultivars located at four locations in Illinois between 1997 and 2000. Treatments varied from hand weeded to preemergence herbicides to postemergence herbicides. Soybean seeds were harvested and evaluated for different seed quality parameters. The percentage of seeds infected with Phomopsis spp. ranged from 1 to 40%, and the percentage of seeds infected with Cercospora kikuchii was low, ranging from 0 to 4%. Herbicides had little or no effect on seed quality parameters such as percent germination and incidence of seed pathogens or on protein and oil concentrations. Soybean seed quality was affected by Phomopsis spp. in that there were significant (P ≤ 0.05) inverse correlations between Phomopsis spp. incidence and percentage seed germination. It appears that Phomopsis spp. may be a more prevalent seed pathogen than C. kikuchii for soybean fields in central to northern Illinois.

Effect of foliar application of growth activator, promoterand antioxidant on seed quality of soybean

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
P . Kuchlan ◽  
M. K. Kuchlan ◽  
S. M. Husain
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Soybean Seed ◽  
Seed Vigour ◽  
Filling Stage ◽  
Seed Health

Loss of seed quality in soybean is a serious problem in tropical and subtropical region. Foliar application of salicylic acid (SA), GA3 and acetyl salicylic acid (50 ppm) at seedling and pod filling stage, K2HPO4 (2%), a-tocopherol (100 ppm) at flowering and pod filling stage was done on soybean varieties – NRC 7 and JS 335. Foliar application of SA showed positive effect on seed yield, seed health, germination and seed vigour during storage. Plant height was significantly improved by the GA3 spray in both the varieties. Significantly higher seed yield was obtained with foliar spray of a-tocopherol. Application of SA was found effective to protect plants from various diseases to get quality seed. a-Tocopherol and K2HPO4 treatment significantly reduced MDA production in seeds. a-Tocopherol application increased super oxide dismutase activity as a result the lipid peroxidation of seed during storage was significantly reduced. Application of a-tocopherol, K2HPO4 and salicylic acid improved the storage or keeping quality of soybean seed.

scholarly journals Seed quality of Amburana cearensis (Allemão) A.C. Sm. (Fabaceae) is influenced by storage condition

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 401-409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo do Nascimento Araujo ◽  
Marisol Ferraz ◽  
Fabiana Karla Araújo Américo ◽  
Fabrício Francisco Santos Silva ◽  
Bárbara França Dantas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Storage Condition ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Total Soluble Sugars

Abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of storage conditions on the germination of A. cearensis seeds. The experimental design was completely randomized into split plots over time with four replicates. The storage conditions of the airtight containers in the refrigerator and laboratory, paper bags in the laboratory and liquid nitrogen were assessed for 27 months. In the laboratory, we evaluated the germination, the germination rate, uniformity of germination, and total soluble and reducing sugars in the radicle. In the greenhouse, we evaluated seedling emergence, emergence rate and height of 30-day-old seedlings. Seeds stored in the refrigerator maintained a high initial germination rate, which decreased from the 21st month. Seeds stored in paper bags in the laboratory showed low emergence and small seedlings. Total soluble sugars and reducing sugars were mobilized when the seeds were stored at low temperatures. Thus, it is not advisable to store A. cearensis seeds in a laboratory environment without airtight containers. A. cearensis seeds kept in a refrigerated environment maintained their viability for at least two years.

scholarly journals Preparation of A High-Performance Frit Glaze Using High-Potassium Feldspar

2021 ◽  
Vol 943 (1) ◽  
pp. 012018
Author(s):  
Hongjun Huang ◽  
Junjie Yu ◽  
Fangfang Liu ◽  
Haipeng Zeng
Keyword(s):  
Northeast China ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Potassium Feldspar ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Lead Free ◽  
High Potassium ◽  
Frit Glaze ◽  
Thermal Stability Of ◽  
Insight Into

Abstract In this study, a lead-free transparent frit glaze was fabricated using a high potassium feldspar ore from Northeast China. The effect of the potassium feldspar grade and compositions of CaO and ZnO content on the performance of a block glaze was studied. The study on the effects of the potassium feldspar grade on the molten glaze demonstrated that as the grade of the potassium feldspar in glaze increases, the glaze appearance, gloss, hardness, and thermal stability of the sample become better, and the roughness decreases. CaO and ZnO in glaze have good fusible effects on the performance of melt glaze: the high-temperature viscosity of glaze decreases, and the surface tension and quality of the glaze increase. Moreover, an optimal lead-free frit glaze formula was determined, which provided insight into the production of high-added-value products using complex and refractory potassium feldspar ore.

scholarly journals Specifics of soybean seed production and processing in 2019

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-88
Author(s):  
Miladin Kostić ◽  
Vojin Đukić ◽  
Aleksandar Ilić ◽  
Danka Dujović ◽  
Velimir Lončarević ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Seed Production ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Soybean Seed ◽  
Seed Processing ◽  
The One ◽  
Very High

The soybean harvest in 2019 began at the end of August. The quality of the natural seed was very high. The moisture content of the harvested seeds ranged from 7.1 % to 14.1 %. Thanks to this humidity, there was no need to dry the seeds, which is very important given the fact that drying soybeans can reduce the quality. Seed germination ranged between 82 % and 96 %. It should be noted that 97 % of seeds were harvested with germination greater than 85 % while about 65 % of seeds had germination above 90 %. The weight of 1000 grains averaged about 160 g. Soybean seed processing started on time and without major problems. The purity of the processed seed was on average 99.4 %. Of the total amount of processed seeds, about 72 % of seeds had germination greater than 85 %. The achieved seed quality was better compared to the one in 2018.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF Fusarium graminearum Schwabe ON PHYSIOLOGICAL QUALITY OF SOYBEAN SEEDS AND WHEAT CARYOPSIS IN ARGENTINA

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
ALEJANDRA MARÍA PERUZZO ◽  
ROSANNA NORA PIOLI ◽  
ADRIANA RITA SALINAS
Keyword(s):  
Seed Quality ◽  
Natural Infection ◽  
Soybean Seed ◽  
Diagnostic Techniques ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Santa Fe ◽  
Head Blight ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
Artificial Inoculations

ABSTRACT: F. graminearum is the main causal agent of Head blight in cereals in Argentina. This is a disease that develops during the host floral state. When the reproductive structures in the host are invaded, grains may be shriveled and reduced in weight, causing a decrease in yield. Physiological diagnostic techniques on seeds detect the damages produced by this fungus could be used to take decisions related to the quality of seed lots. The objective of this study was to evaluate the possible physiological damage caused by F. graminearum isolates in soybean seeds and wheat caryopsis. Seeds and caryopsis were obtained from plants exposed to fungal infection and were evaluated under two situations: artificial inoculations under greenhouse conditions and natural infection from fields of Santa Fe Province (33°43'22''S; 62°14'46''W). Seed weight, topographical tetrazolium test, standard germination test, electrical conductivity test and X-ray test were performed in soybean seeds and wheat caryopsis from each treatment. Differential behaviors of F. graminearum strains in susceptible soybean and wheat cultivars under greenhouse conditions revealed specific interactions among soybean and wheat genotypes with this fungus. F. graminearum infection in susceptible cultivars under greenhouse conditions produced a significant decrease in the physiological quality of soybean seed and wheat caryopsis. These behaviors were not detected under field conditions in the evaluated locations. All seed quality tests used in this experiment were useful to show differences in infection in soybean and wheat independently of F. graminearum infection.

scholarly journals IMBIBITION, ELECTROLYTE LEAKAGE, AND GERMINATION OF SWEET CORN HYBRIDS CARRYING sh2 MUTANT ENDOSPERM

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 1134b-1134
Author(s):  
Carlos A. Parera ◽  
Daniel J. Cantliffe
Keyword(s):  
Seed Quality ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Corn Hybrids ◽  
Total Soluble Sugar ◽  
Seed Leachate

Seeds of two shrunken-2 (sh2) sweet corn (Zea mays L.) cultivars, Crisp N' Sweet 711 and How Sweet It Is were used to analyze seed quality factor differences between the cultivars. Negative correlations occurred among germination percentage and imbibition, electric conductivity, potassium concentration and total soluble sugars of the seed leachate. Imbibition and total soluble sugar in the leachate significantly increased as imbibition temperature increased from 5°C to 25°C in both cultivars. A significant increase in conductivity of the leachate also occurred in `Crisp N' Sweet 711' when temperature increased. Cracks in the seed coat were more frequent in `How Sweet It Is' than `Crisp N' Sweet 711'. The higher concentrations of soluble sugars in the seed, greater imbibition rate, leakage conductivity, potassium and sugar concentration in the leachate may have been directly related to the poorer seed quality of `How Sweet It Is'. The alteration in cell membrane structure caused by a rapid water uptake in `How Sweet It Is' may have led to the high concentration of electrolytes in the seed leachate. This, in turn, might provide a greater nutritive subtrate for fungi development.

scholarly journals Use of chlrophyll fluorescence sorting to improve soybean seed quality

2009 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 145-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvio Moure Cicero ◽  
Rob Van Der Schoor ◽  
Henk Jalink
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Fluorescence ◽  
Glycine Max ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Soybean Seed ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Fluorescence Technique ◽  
Sorting Technique ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Sorting Process

The occurrence of green seeded soybeans [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] is a problem closely related to unfavorable climatic conditions, mainly drought, that occurs during the final stages of seed maturation. This problem causes serious losses to soybean seed quality in Brazil. In these seeds, chlorophyll is not properly degraded during maturation, drastically reducing seed quality. Using the chlorophyll fluorescence technique, it is possible to remove green seeds from the seed lot, improving seed quality in several species in which the occurrence of green seeds is also a problem. The objective of this research was to study the use of the chlorophyll fluorescence technique in sorting green seeds from soybean seed samples and its effects on quality. Five seed samples of soybean, cultivar TMG 113 RR, with 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% of green seeds were used in this study. Seeds from each sample were sorted into two fractions based on the chlorophyll fluorescence signals and then compared to the control (non-sorted seeds). The sorting process showed great differences between the low and high chlorophyll fluorescence fractions. It was concluded that: green seeds of soybeans present high chlorophyll fluorescence and that this characteristic affects the quality of the seeds; it is possible to improve the quality of soybean seed by removing green seeds using the chlorophyll fluorescence sorting technique.

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