scholarly journals The Role of Osteoporosis as a Systemic Risk Factor for Periodontal Disease

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Martu ◽  
Irina-Georgeta Sufaru ◽  
Sorina-Mihaela Solomon ◽  
Ionut Luchian ◽  
Ioana Martu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Bone Mass ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Systemic Risk ◽  
Systemic Diseases ◽  
Periodontal Tissues ◽  
Skeletal Disease ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Global Population

Periodontal disease is an infectious and inflammatory disease with a high incidence in the global population and an extremely complex etiopathogenesis. Osteoporosis is one of the systemic diseases that can affect the integrity of periodontal tissues. Osteoporosis, as a skeletal disease, causes a reduction in bone mass and microarchitectural changes in the bone. Discussions about the connection between the two diseases affecting the bone began in 1960, but, contrary to the high number of studies, discoveries are still being made regarding the pathophysiological mechanisms that link the two diseases. The chapter proposes a systematized description of data on the influence of osteoporotic disease on the periodontal structures, therapeutic methods to address the patient with periodontal disease and osteoporosis and data on the potential influence of conventional and adjunctive periodontal treatment on systemic parameters in patients with osteoporosis.

scholarly journals Periodontal disease in relation to some systemic diseases

2003 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 197-201
Author(s):  
Olivera Cerovic ◽  
Besir Ljuskovic ◽  
Vladan Kovacevic
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Systemic Diseases ◽  
General State ◽  
Blood Disorders ◽  
Periodontal Health ◽  
Periodontal Infection

Periodontal disease is closely related to the general state of the body because it significantly influences periodontal health, as periodontal health can have an influence on the state of the body. It is known that some systemic diseases can represent a risk factor for periodontal disease such as diabetes, blood disorders and immunodefficient disorders. Reducing defensive efficiency of the body, these diseases enable the onset and the development of periodontal disease. On the other hand, concerning the role of microorganisms in the onset and the development of periodontal disease there is justified suspicion that periodontal infection might endanger general state of the body and cause some systemic diseases, such as cardiovascular, respiratory, eye, renal, skin disease and the diseases of the musculoskeletal system. The awareness of connection between periodontal disease and some systemic diseases is of great significance for the diagnosis and the therapy of periodntal disease and the disorders it may cause.

scholarly journals Influence of Psychological Stress on Periodontal Diseases

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Larissa Marques Storto Soares ◽  
Ana Emilia Farias Pontes ◽  
Fernanda de Oliveira Bello Corrêa ◽  
Cleverton Corrêa Rabelo
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Psychological Stress ◽  
Psychological Factors ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Psychosocial Factor ◽  
Research Needs ◽  
The Relationship

Introduction: The association between periodontal disease and stress has been questioned for a almost a century, however, it still represents an unexplored field of research with several orphaned questions of conclusive answers. Objective: To evaluate the relationship between periodontal disease and stress. Methodology: Searches were performed with descriptors related to periodontal diseases and psychological factors in the following databases: Pubmed, Embase, Lilacs. Were identified and included studies that deal with the relationship between stress and periodontal disease and /or that emphasize the role of this psychosocial factor in the progression of periodontal disease. Conclusion: Most studies have shown a positive relationship between periodontal disease and stress, however, further research needs to be developed to confirm stress as a risk factor for periodontal disease

scholarly journals Role of Calprotectin as a Biomarker in Periodontal Disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lili Wei ◽  
Mingwen Liu ◽  
Haofei Xiong
Keyword(s):  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Calcium Binding ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Periodontal Tissues ◽  
Adaptive Immune ◽  
S 100 ◽  
And Function ◽  
Plaque Biofilm

Periodontal disease (PD) is a common infectious and inflammatory disease characterised by inflammation of tissues surrounding and supporting the teeth and destruction of the associated alveolar bone, eventually resulting in tooth loss. This disease is caused by periodontopathic bacteria in plaque biofilm and resultant innate and adaptive immune responses in periodontal tissues. Calprotectin (CLP) is a calcium-binding protein of the S-100 protein family and is found to be induced by activated granulocytes, monocytes, and epithelial cells. CLP has been shown to play an important role in numerous inflammatory diseases and disorders. Increasing evidence indicates that CLP is involved in the progression of PD, and its levels may be associated with disease severity and outcome of periodontal treatments. This review will summarise recent studies regarding the presence, regulation, and function of CLP in PD. The findings indicate that CLP may be an effective biomarker for diagnosis and treatment for the PD.

scholarly journals The Connection of Periodontal Disease and Diabetes Mellitus: The Role of Matrix Metalloproteinases and Oxidative Stress

2019 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dragana Stanisic ◽  
Radmila Obradovic ◽  
Sanja Vujovic ◽  
Milica Jovanovic ◽  
Vladimir Zivkovic
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Matrix Metalloproteinases ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Membrane Receptors ◽  
World Health ◽  
Dental Biofilm ◽  
Periodontal Tissues ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Abstract Diabetes mellitus, a chronic disease considered by the World Health Organization to be an epidemic, is now recognized as one of the factors behind the onset of periodontal disease. The connection between periodontal disease, which is an irreversible inflammatory disease of the supporting tissue of the teeth, and systemic diseases is reflected in the existence of common risk factors, subgingival dental biofilm, as a constant source of proinflamma-tory cytokines synthesized intensely in inflammatory periodontium. Diabetes mellitus leads to increased oxidative stress in periodontal tissues causing worsening of the disease and periodontopathy exacerbates deficiency of pancreatic β-cells. The most important role in primary inflammatory response in the pathogenesis of periodontopathy is played by neutrophils. Neutrophils cause periodontium destruction by the release of enzymes (matrix metalloproteinases), cytotoxic substances (free radicals, reactive oxygen and nitrogen species) and the expression of membrane receptors. Matrix metalloproteinases within the “protease network” are critical to many physiological and pathological processes, including immunity, inflammation, bone resorption and wound healing. Matrix metalloproteinases levels are elevated in patients with metabolic syndrome and diabetes mellitus, which may contribute to more frequent complications. In this paper, the review of available literature data shows the correlation between periodontal disease and diabetes mellitus, as well as the role of matrix metalloproteinases and oxidative stress in these. In this regard, determining the value of matrix metalloproteinases may be helpful in the diagnosis of periodontal disease complicated by diabetes mellitus. Also, the parameters of oxidative stress could help to clarify the mechanisms of pathogenesis and etiology of periodontal disease, or indicate the potential benefit of antioxidant supplementation in these individuals. As the role of matrix metalloproteinases has not been fully clarified in the pathogenesis of periodontopathy, additional studies will be needed to indicate their importance.

Diagnosis, progression, prognostic indication and classification of periodontal disease: A review (Part 1)

1994 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-16
Author(s):  
C R Priestland
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Disease Activity ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Systemic Diseases ◽  
Historical Evidence ◽  
Periodontal Tissues ◽  
The Third

AbstractThis review is divided into a series of three papers. In the first, the prevalence of periodontal disease and the diagnostic problems in screening for high risk groups of patients will be reviewed. The difficulties encountered in differentiating between disease activity and historical evidence of past disease will also be considered along with the wide variation in disease progression rates. Having discussed diagnosis and disease activity markers, an accepted classification of periodontal diseases will be described. In the second paper, those periodontal diseases described as Gingivitis will be discussed. Finally in the third paper, Periodontitis will be reviewed with some emphasis being placed on the involvement of the periodontal tissues in systemic diseases.

Smokeless Tobacco and Severe Active Periodontal Disease, NHANES III

2005 ◽  
Vol 84 (8) ◽  
pp. 705-710 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.A. Fisher ◽  
G.W. Taylor ◽  
K.R. Tilashalski
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Smokeless Tobacco ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Nhanes Iii ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Never Smokers

Whereas smoking is a major risk factor for periodontal disease, the role of smokeless tobacco is unclear. The purpose of this US population-based study of 12,932 adults participating in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey was to evaluate the association between smokeless tobacco use and severe active periodontal disease. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression modeling quantified the associations between tobacco use and severe active periodontal disease. All adults and never-smokers who currently used smokeless tobacco were twice as likely to have severe active periodontal disease at any site [respective odds ratios (ORAdj) and 95% confidence intervals: ORAdj = 2.1; 1.2–3.7 and ORAdj = 2.1; 1.0–4.4] or restricted to any interproximal site [respective ORAdj = 2.1; 1.0–4.2 and ORAdj = 2.3; 0.9–6.3], simultaneously adjusted for smoking, age, race, gender, diabetes, and having a dental visit in the past year. These results indicate that smokeless tobacco may also be an important risk factor for severe active periodontal disease.

scholarly journals Is There a Link between COVID-19 and Periodontal Disease? A Narrative Review

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Grigoriadis ◽  
Ismo T. Räisänen ◽  
Pirjo Pärnänen ◽  
Taina Tervahartiala ◽  
Timo Sorsa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Periodontal Tissues ◽  
Dental Procedures ◽  
Dental Practitioners ◽  
Risk Patients ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractThe coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic greatly affected human well-being, social behavior, global economy, and healthcare systems. Everyday clinical practice in dentistry has been adjusted to the increased hazards of aerosol production by routine dental procedures. The objective of this study was to assess the existing literature to determine possible mechanisms of a relationship between COVID-19 and periodontitis, as well as describe findings from relevant epidemiological studies.Scarce data exist in the literature that directly addresses the relationship between the two diseases. However, several data describe the role of the oral cavity and periodontal tissues as portals of entry of severe acute respiratory syndrome–coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), and the contribution of cytokines known to be produced in periodontal disease to severe forms of COVID-19. It is also suggested from the current literature that periodontal disease, shown to be associated with systemic diseases such as diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular and respiratory diseases, shares common risk factors with—especially—severe forms of COVID-19.Further clinical studies are required to establish the relationship between these diseases. Oral hygiene performance and intact periodontal tissues can assist in mitigating the pandemic, and it is suggested that dental practitioners can contribute to identifying at-risk patients.

scholarly journals The Role of Porphyromonas gingivalis Outer Membrane Vesicles in Periodontal Disease and Related Systemic Diseases

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiying Zhang ◽  
Dongjuan Liu ◽  
Sai Liu ◽  
Shuwei Zhang ◽  
Yaping Pan
Keyword(s):  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Outer Membrane ◽  
Porphyromonas Gingivalis ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Membrane Vesicles ◽  
Outer Membrane Vesicles ◽  
Systemic Diseases ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
New Ideas

Periodontal disease is a chronic infectious disease associated with a variety of bacteria, which can cause damage to the periodontal support structure and affect a variety of systemic system diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, non-alcoholic fatty liver, and Alzheimer’s disease. Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) is the most important pathogenic bacteria for periodontal disease. It can produce outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) and release them into the environment, playing an important role in its pathogenesis. This article focuses on P. gingivalis OMVs, reviews its production and regulation, virulence components, mode of action and related diseases, with a view to providing new ideas for the prevention and treatment of diseases related to P. gingivalis infections.

scholarly journals Low Bone Mass Is a Risk Factor in Periodontal Disease-Related Tooth Loss in Patients with Intellectual Disability

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 157-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoko Numoto ◽  
Takayuki Mori ◽  
Shigeru Maeda ◽  
Yumiko Tomoyasu ◽  
Hitoshi Higuchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Bone Mass ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Tooth Loss ◽  
Low Bone Mass ◽  
Initial Examination ◽  
Menopausal Women

Teeth are fundamental to maintaining good quality of life, but are often lost prematurely in individuals with intellectual disability. Furthermore, since bone mass decreases in menopausal women, women with intellectual disability have an augmented risk of losing their teeth. However, the relationship between periodontal disease-related tooth loss and bone mass has never been studied specifically in patients with intellectual disability. This study evaluated this relationship in a retrospective cohort study. Participants were female dental patients aged between 20 and 50 years and with an intellectual disability, who were treated in the Special Needs Dentistry unit of the Okayama University Hospital from January 2009 to March 2010. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze which factors affect periodontal disease-related tooth loss. Information relating to 12 predictor variables, including age and bone mass level, was derived from medical records. The 27 subjects had a total of 704 teeth at the time of initial examination, but 20 teeth (2.8%) had been lost owing to periodontal disease by the time bone mass measurements were recorded. Results of the multinomial logistic regression analysis indicated a significant odds ratio for three items: number of missing teeth at the time of initial examination, bone mass, and living environment. This result suggests that low bone mass is an independent risk factor in tooth loss secondary to periodontal disease in patients with intellectual disability. Dentists should thus take account of this heightened risk of tooth loss when caring for post-menopausal women with intellectual disability.

Role of Mechanotransduction in Periodontal Homeostasis and Disease

2021 ◽  
pp. 002203452110078
Author(s):  
M.P. Dieterle ◽  
A. Husari ◽  
T. Steinberg ◽  
X. Wang ◽  
I. Ramminger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
B Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase ◽  
Cell Behavior ◽  
Apoptosis Resistance ◽  
Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Periodontal Tissues ◽  
Periodontal Inflammation

Novel findings broaden the concept of mechanotransduction (MT) in biophysically stimulated tissues such as the periodontium by considering nuclear MT, convergence of intracellular MT pathways, and mechanoresponsive cotranscription factors such as Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1). Regarding periodontal disease, recent studies have elucidated the role of bacterial gingipain proteases in disturbing the barrier function of cadherins, thereby promoting periodontal inflammation. This leads to dysregulation of extracellular matrix homeostasis via proteases and changes the cell’s biophysical environment, which leads to alterations in MT-induced cell behavior and loss of periodontal integrity. Newest experimental evidence from periodontal ligament cells suggests that the Hippo signaling protein YAP1, in addition to integrin-FAK (focal adhesion kinase) mechanosignaling, also regulates cell stemness. By addressing mechanosignaling-dependent transcription factors, YAP1 is involved in osteogenic and myofibroblast differentiation and influences core steps of autophagy. Recent in vivo evidence elucidates the decisive role of YAP1 in epithelial homeostasis and underlines its impact on oral pathologies, such as periodontitis-linked oral squamous cell carcinogenesis. Here, new insights reveal that YAP1 contributes to carcinogenesis via overexpression rather than mutation; promotes processes such as apoptosis resistance, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, or metastasis; and correlates with poor prognosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Furthermore, YAP1 has been shown to contribute to periodontitis-induced bone loss. Mechanistically, molecules identified to regulate YAP1-related periodontal homeostasis and disease include cellular key players such as MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase), JNK (c-Jun N-terminal kinase), Rho (Ras homologue) and ROCK (Rho kinase), Bcl-2 (B-cell lymphoma 2), AP-1 (activator protein 1), and c-myc (cellular myelocytomatosis). These findings qualify YAP1 as a master regulator of mechanobiology and cell behavior in human periodontal tissues. This review summarizes the most recent developments in MT-related periodontal research, thereby offering insights into outstanding research questions and potential applications of molecular or biophysical strategies aiming at periodontal disease mitigation or prevention.

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