scholarly journals Future Prospects on the Goat Activities for the Coming Decades in the Context of a World in Transition

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Paul Dubeuf
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Animal Production ◽  
Future Prospects ◽  
Local Populations ◽  
The World ◽  
Living Labs ◽  
Pastoral Farming ◽  
Goat Farming

This article explores the evolution of the goat sector in the world between 2000 and 2020 and its prospects. We base it mainly on the statistics available as well as on the author’s observations and his involvement in various projects. It also updates a study carried out on the same subject on the last decades of the 20th century. We observed a constant development and growth of the goat sector during this period. The trend has been the same between 2000 and 2020 but less strong and more localized in Asia and Africa. Several scenarios on our global future lead to consider the absolute need to preserve environment and biodiversity but above all to reduce the emission of GHGs for all productive sectors on the planet. In this case, we will face a dramatic progress and adevelopment paradigm shift. Although goat systems emit less GHGs than other ruminants, we can also observe an overall increase in net emissions by the goat sector between 2000. So, they contribute significantly and their net emission has to be reduced, which will disadvantage the most intensive systems. However, while animal production and the consumption of its products are increasingly ostracized, goat farming (as pastoral farming in general) could have a bright future in this context. Goats, particularly those of local populations and breeds, have more than any other ruminant significant capacities to valorize spontaneous absorbing GHGs forage resources (grass, shrubs, crop or feed residues) and without other uses. In addition, goats are easy to integrate in small farms and strengthen the complementarity between agriculture and animal production, largely abandoned in favor of specialization. The strengthening of localized and interdisciplinary scientific research will also be necessary to strengthen the role of goat farming and innovation and the author proposes the establishment of “living labs” associating all the actors involved for this purpose.

scholarly journals Modern Scientific Research In Oncological Diseases

2021 ◽  
Vol 03 (03) ◽  
pp. 117-121
Author(s):  
Parpieva Odinakhon Rakhmanovna ◽  
◽  
Ostanaqulov Alijon Dadajon Ugli ◽  
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
External Factors ◽  
State Of Health ◽  
Psychosomatic Disorder ◽  
The World ◽  
Oncological Diseases ◽  
Human Psyche ◽  
Flow Of Information

The flow of information all over the world, the process of globulation, the rush of individual relations do not transfer its influence on the human psyche. As a result of external factors provoking negative changes in the human psyche, emotional exposure, tension, in general, a violation of the normative indicator of the state of health, psychosomatic disorder arises. The role of human psychics in the origin, course and treatment of cancer as a result of the achievements of science, the integration of science has been reflected in the research carried out in the second half of the 20th century.

THE ROLE OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE FIELD OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-33
Author(s):  
Otabek Allayarov ◽  
◽  
Hasan Yarbaev
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Political Reform ◽  
Research And Innovation ◽  
The World ◽  
Role Of Information

The articledescribes thatit is impossible the development of society without the development of science, in this senseour state pay attention to in the field of science in the context of science and social-political reform, spiritual renewalasin all countries of the world. Scientifically and practically defined the role of information technology in the development of science and technology, as well as the creation of effective mechanisms for stimulating research and innovation, the introduction of science and innovation achievements. Moreover, the role and significance of information technology in the development of scientific research in the field of technologywas stated

Historiosophy of N.Ya. Danilevsky

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 13-17
Author(s):  
Victor V. Aksyuchits
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
World History ◽  
Russian Culture ◽  
Russian People ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
First Time

According to the author of the article, N.Ya. Danilevsky anticipated a lot of ideas of the 20th century, in particular those of O. Spengler and A. Toynbee, by offering his concept of cultural and historical types in the book “Russia and Europe”. At the same time N.Ya. Danilevsky was in many aspects the follower of Slavophils while interpreting the originality of Russian people and Russian culture. After the turn of the educated society circles to Russian national self-comprehension initiated by Slavophils, N.Ya. Danilevsky not only scientifically formulated the problems brought forth by the Slavophils, but also offered for the first time the resolution of new important questions by analyzing the world history and the history of Slavic peoples. The author especially stresses the role of N.Ya. Danilevsky in creating the historiosophic concept that forestalled the epoch for many decades.

Effect of Reflexology on EEG – A Nonlinear Approach

2004 ◽  
Vol 32 (04) ◽  
pp. 641-650 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Kannathal ◽  
Joseph K. Paul ◽  
C.M. Lim ◽  
K.P. Chua ◽  
P.K. Sadasivan
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Western World ◽  
Ancient India ◽  
Nonlinear Approach ◽  
Scientific Research Work ◽  
The World ◽  
In The Beginning

Reflexology is a 4000-year-old art of healing practiced in ancient India, China and Egypt. In the beginning of the 20th century, it spread to the Western world. Reflexologic clinics and massage centers can be found all around the world. In spite of the widespread popularity, to the best of our knowledge, no serious research work has been done in this area, although much scientific research work has been carried out in other Eastern techniques like meditation and yoga. This is why a humble attempt is done in this work to quantitatively assess the effect of reflexological stimulation from a systems point of view. In this work, nonlinear techniques have been used to assess the complexity of EEG with and without reflexological stimulation. We prefer the nonlinear approach, as we believe that the effects are taking place in a subtle way, since there is no direct correlation between reflexological points and modern neuroanatomy.

scholarly journals The Topos of Childhood in Modern Poetry (1939–1989)

2020 ◽  
Vol nr specjalny 1(2020) ◽  
pp. 364-394
Author(s):  
Robert Mielhorski ◽  
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
New Wave ◽  
Wave Groups ◽  
Polish Literature ◽  
Research Paradigms ◽  
Political Events ◽  
The World ◽  
Literary Process ◽  
Poetic Texts

The paper problematises the literary image of childhood in poetry in relation to external historical and socio-political events. The material analysed covers Polish poetry from 1939 – 1989 (a clearly distinguished segment of the historical-literary process). The choice and ordering of the case studies results from the application of two research paradigms: (i) the paradigm concerned with autobiographical motifs, which refers to such topics of 20th century writings as exile (poetry of return by Łobodowski, Wierzyński etc.) immigration (nostalgic [pansentimentalism] and emotionally neutral motifs), Holocaust (motifs of fear, division between now and then, the role of imagination) and (ii) a generation-related paradigm, which allows us to follow the topos of childhood viewed from the perspective of history according to the order of generations entering Polish literature (from the 1920 Generation to the New Wave Groups) up to the succession of consecutive literary trends in the second half of the 20th century (e.g. soc-realism and soc-plans). Poetic texts concerning childhood in the light of history are viewed as records of “rites of passage” operating from the child’s phase of the pre-personalisation area – the child’s sense of being one with the world, experiencing the harmony of being – to the period of personalisation – when history leaves its mark on this period; characterised by the sense of one’s distinctiveness from reality, individual alienation, the need for rationalisation of one’s own existence and the existence of the surrounding reality. The role of history is to lead the child from the pre-personalistic period to the experience of personalisation.

scholarly journals JOHANA NJUMBI (1886–1991): THE PIONEER AFRICAN LEADER IN MUTIRA MISSION

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julius Gathogo
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Mandatory Retirement ◽  
Retirement Age ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Maternal Role ◽  
Modern Education ◽  
The World

The article sets out to retrieve the critical role of the pioneer African clergyman, Johana Njumbi (1886–1991), in the Mutira mission of Kirinyaga, Kenya. Despite the death of the first wife in 1921, and the second one in 1952, Njumbi surged on to provide leadership in the new socioreligious dispensation following the introduction of Christianity in the first half of the 20th century. His stewardship is seen in his emphasis on ‘modern’ education, farming and medical services. As Mutira mission marked one hundred years of missionary Christianity (1912–2012), in August 2012, it is imperative to assess the pedigree and the religious-social life times of the key character who contributed immensely in mid-wifing Christianity and modern education in an area hitherto unknown in the map of the world. In so doing, Njumbi catapulted the desolate hills and valleys of Mutira mission into greater heights of human progress. As the area produced its second Bishop, Joseph Karimi Kibucwa, in December 2012, after Daniel Munene Ngoru proceeded to his retirement upon reaching the mandatory retirement age of 65, one cannot fail to see the fruits of the pioneer clergy who persuaded the reluctant locals to ‘accept the white man’s religion and education as our own’ under difficult circumstances. In other words, did Njumbi’s leadership leave a lasting legacy in Mutira mission? Does the maternal role of Canon Njumbi’s wife, Agness Wambui (1914–1952), have any relevance for African motherhood today? The materials in this article are gathered mainly through oral interviews, reading of extensive literature and archival sources.

Cities and International Relations

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Pejic
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Urban Politics ◽  
Global Cities ◽  
International Affairs ◽  
Late 20Th Century ◽  
The World ◽  
Global North

The literature on cities and international relations (IR), or “global urban politics,” as it is sometimes termed, is a diverse stream of social science research that has developed in response to major demographic and economic shifts that began in second half of the 20th century and continue to today. During this time the world has witnessed dramatic globalization and urbanization, centralizing populations in cities. It is predicted that by 2050 close to 70 percent of the world’s population will live in urban areas, meaning that 21st-century challenges will be largely urban in nature. Across areas such as migration, health, environmental sustainability, and economic development, citizens and city governments are constantly exposed, and need to respond to, the impacts of globalization on cities. At the international level, multilateral organizations have recognized this shift and are increasingly involving cities, or networks of cities, as interlocutors in global forums. IR has been slow to acknowledge the increasing importance of cities in international affairs, as it conflicts with the state-centric paradigm of mainstream theory. Most early scholarship on cities and globalization came from urbanists and political economists, who studied the development of “global cities” that were acting as the critical nodes in the architecture of the world economy. This literature predominately identified cities as the sites of global processes, with limited capacity to influence or shape them. It also offered a narrow, economistic conception of cities that vastly prioritized the experiences of wealthy cities in the Global North. More recently, scholars have begun to study and theorize the role of cities as actors in global affairs, particularly through forms of networked governance and involvement in key multilateral discussions. This bibliography tracks the evolution of this research agenda from its conception to the present day. It begins with a limited background in the study of urban politics, providing a crucial framework for understanding how the diverse streams of research developed. It then details the continuing work on “global cities,” which recognized the increasing importance of cities to international affairs in the late 20th century, although largely defined in narrow economic terms. What follows is a broader theorization of the role of cities in global governance, which begins to afford some agency to cities to shape international affairs across a range of policy areas and brings them directly into the purview of IR. While most of this literature has still been driven by, and focused on, cities of the Global North, there have been efforts to broaden the geographic focus and recognize the way globalization and urbanization have been experienced differently in cities across the globe. Finally, the bibliography draws on a recent literature exploring some of the political and legal implications of this shift to the “urban century.”

scholarly journals Gurdjieff’s anthropology: the concept of conscious human evolution

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 ◽  
pp. 05001
Author(s):  
Igor Grekov
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Human Evolution ◽  
Spiritual Transformation ◽  
Human Existence ◽  
Unconscious Processes ◽  
Behavioral Aspect ◽  
The World ◽  
The Status ◽  
Fourth Way

The main purpose of the article is the disclosure of the ideas of Gurdzhiyev’s anthropological doctrine in which the possibility of spiritual transformation of the person and his conscious evolution are emphasized. The author claims that in the conditions of dissociation of approaches and positions in the anthropological thought there is a need of appeal to the anthroposophic systems designed to fill onesidedness of such directions as psychoanalysis (in many respects absolutizing a role of unconscious processes), the behaviorism (concentrating on behavioral aspect of human existence), the existentialism (emphasizing hopelessness “abandonment of life in the world”). According to the author one of such systems is Gurdzhiyev’s system of conscious evolution of the person, the so-called “The Fourth Way” which is eligible for the status of the translater of the experience of Gnostic tradition in the 20th century.

scholarly journals Forever Young! Tintin’s Adventures as an Example of Physical Activity and Sport

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 2349
Author(s):  
Alejandro García-Mas ◽  
Aurelio Olmedilla ◽  
Sébastien Laffage-Cosnier ◽  
Jaume Cruz ◽  
Yann Descamps ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Role Model ◽  
Social Effects ◽  
Active Lifestyle ◽  
The World ◽  
Sports Activities ◽  
Qualitative Analyses ◽  
Core Band

Created by Hergé in 1929, Tintin is a truly successful publication, since these comic books have been translated into about a hundred languages and published throughout the world during the 20th century. Several studies have already been conducted on Tintin. However, the place and role of physical and sports activities practiced by this tireless journalist in the promotion of these highly sustainable activities have never been analyzed. Through both quantitative and qualitative analyses (descriptions, counts, frequencies and percentages), this work studies all the panels of the 23 albums of Tintin’s adventures dealing with any form of physical exercise or sport. The results indicate that the representation of physical and sporting activity in Tintin’s adventures remains steady and consistent from the first (1931) to the last book (1976). Thus, Hergé had never ceased to believe in the beneficial, physiological, psychological, moral and social effects of physical activity on his young, tireless hero. To summarize, the eternally youthful and perfectly fit, Tintin leads both his core band and occasional characters and may serve as a role model influencing young 20th century readers toward the benefits of an active lifestyle.

scholarly journals SPACE AND TIME RELATIONSHIP IN METAPHYSICAL PAINTINGS OF THE 20TH CENTURY

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (71) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Space Time ◽  
Time And Space ◽  
Life And Death ◽  
Making Sense ◽  
Social Events ◽  
Time Space ◽  
The World ◽  
The Universe

Metaphysics, which deals with concepts such as existence, existentialism, space and god in its general content, is a branch of philosophy. It sought answers to questions related to these concepts through methods and perspectives different from science. The reason for all these questions is the effort to define the universe. Metaphysical philosophy has been the search for a solution to helplessness caused by the uncertainties caused throughout the history by life and death. Perspectives developed in parallel with the perception of the period have also shaped the questions and propositions. All these metaphysical approaches do not contain a definition that is independent of time and space. Time and space, as one of the most fundamental problematics of metaphysics, are accepted as the most important elements in placing and making sense of the human into the universe. In this context, metaphysics, which has a transphysical perspective as well as the accepted scientific expansions of real and reality, was mostly visible in the field of art rather than science. The aim of this article is to analyze the role of metaphysical philosophy in the emergence of metaphysical art in the context of the effects of social events, especially the destructions and disappointments caused by the world wars in the 20th century, on the artists and the reflections of the existential inquiries related to this. Furthermore this study includes definitions and processes of metaphysics. The works of Giorgio de Chirico and Carlo Carra have been interpreted in terms of form and content within the scope of metaphysics by considering the concepts of time-space. Keywords: Metaphysics, Space, Time, Metaphysical Art

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