Effect of Maternal Methadone Use on Neonatal Outcomes: Results of a Cohort Study

Background: Substance abuse treatment is challenging in pregnancy, and methadone maintenance therapy (MMT) is a therapeutic choice. Methadone can cross the placenta and is poorly secreted in breast milk. Given these inconsistent findings of methadone effect on neonatal outcomes, this study was done to investigate the results in neonates of mothers treated with methadone in Mashhad. Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, mothers referring to two academic hospitals of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences were studied. Three groups were considered: MMT, other drug abusers, and healthy control. Maternal information, including demographic characteristics, fertility characteristics, and methadone treatment-related characteristics, and neonatal information, including demographic characteristics and neonatal outcomes, were assessed. Results: Overall, 122 pregnant women with a mean age of 29.14 ± 4.44 years were studied in three groups: control (n = 59), MMT (n = 32), and other drug abusers (n = 31). Baseline characteristics (mothers’ age, residence, chronic hypertension, preeclampsia, diabetes, heart disease, thyroid disease, and other diseases) were not different between the three groups. The highest history of miscarriage was seen in other drug abusers (35.5%) (P = 0.023). The mean weight, height, and head circumference of neonates in the control group were significantly higher than the methadone group (P < 0.001), and in the methadone group was higher than in the other drugs abusers (P < 0.001). The highest prevalence of malformations (16.1%) and hospitalization in the NICU (51.6%) was observed in infants of other drug abusers. After adjusting for confounding variables, the odds ratio (OR) of low-birth-weight infants was 13.7 in the methadone group and 1946 in the other drugs group compared to the healthy control group. The OR of neonates less than 50cm in height was 11.4 in the methadone group and 22.5 in the other drugs. Besides, the OR of neonates less than 35cm was 4.7 in the methadone group and 7.3 in other drugs. Conclusions: Although the neonates of mothers who used methadone had a higher rate of inappropriate intrauterine growth indices than healthy women, methadone consumption compared to other drugs had significantly reduced unacceptable outcomes in neonates. Increased gestational age and reduced preterm delivery risk were observed in methadone-treated mothers.

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Ghrelin and orexin levels in infertile male: evaluation of effects on varicocele pathophysiology, relationship seminal and hormonal parameter

Turkish Journal of Biochemistry ◽

10.1515/tjb-2020-0084 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

Author(s):

Üçler Kısa ◽

M. Murad Başar ◽

Timuçin Şipal ◽

Özlem Doğan Ceylan

Keyword(s):

The Other ◽

Control Group ◽

Infertile Male ◽

Seminal Parameters ◽

Other Hand ◽

Healthy Control ◽

Regulatory Effects ◽

Serum Ghrelin ◽

Infertile Patients ◽

Group 1

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of the present study was to investigate serum ghrelin and orexin levels in patients with varicocele and compare these levels with idiopathic infertile male and healthy control cases.MethodsThis study enrolled 24 men with varicocele, 24 males having idiopathic infertility, and 21 fertile men as the control group. Hormonal analyses, ghrelin and orexin levels were measured samples. Semen was analyzed after 3 and 5 days of sexual abstinence.ResultsSerum ghrelin levels were statistically different among the three groups (p=0.015), and it was due to a statistically lower level in group-1 than the level in the control cases (p=0.012). On the other hand, serum orexin levels were lower than healthy subjects in infertile groups with/without varicocele, but there was no difference (p=0.685) among three groups. Serum ghrelin level showed a negative and significant correlation only with sperm motility (r=−0.646, p=0.022), there was no correlation with other parameters. On the other hand, serum orexin levels did not show a significant correlation with seminal parameters.ConclusionBoth new investigated peptides ghrelin and orexin have regulatory effects on testicular function. However, ghrelin has a more obvious and complex effect on spermatogenesis. Impaired seminal parameters, especially motility was associated with increased serum ghrelin levels in infertile patients, especially with varicocele.

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Serum hepcidin and iron status parameters in pregnant women and the association with adverse maternal and fetal outcomes: a study protocol for a prospective cohort study

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2019-032280 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (11) ◽

pp. e032280

Author(s):

Gabriela Amstad Bencaiova ◽

Deborah Ruth Vogt ◽

Irene Hoesli

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Prospective Cohort Study ◽

Prospective Cohort ◽

Gestational Hypertension ◽

Smoking Status ◽

Iron Status ◽

Neonatal Outcomes ◽

Control Group ◽

Serum Hepcidin

IntroductionHepcidin production is normally upregulated by iron stores, and in obesity has been shown to be overexpressed and correlated with low iron status. The increased hepcidin may restrain the iron release from the cells by affecting the expression of ferroportin, which probably associates with the development of diabetes complication. First, we investigate the difference of serum hepcidin and iron parameters between obese and non-obese pregnant women; second, we examine the correlation between serum hepcidin and adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes in pregnant women.Methods and analysisThis is a mono-centre, prospective cohort study with a study (obese) and a control group (non-obese women). In the first trimester, 188 singleton pregnancies will be recruited. Thereof, we expect 75 with a body mass index (BMI) ≥30 kg/m2and 113 with a BMI 18.5–30 kg/m2. Serum hepcidin, iron and haematological parameters will be measured at 11–14, 24–28, 32–36 weeks of gestation and at time of delivery. Blood pressure, weight, BMI and smoking status will be examined at all visits. We will assess the composite endpoints adverse maternal outcomes (including pre-eclampsia, gestational hypertension, gestational diabetes mellitus, haemorrhage, placenta abruption) and adverse neonatal outcomes (preterm birth, intrauterine growth restriction, preterm premature rupture of membranes, Apgar score <7 at 5 min, stillbirth, neonatal death).Recruitment has started in April 2019.Ethics and disseminationThis study received ethical approval from the ethics committee in Basel. The results of the study will be published in a peer-reviewed journal, and presented at national scientific conferences.Trial registration numberNCT03792464.

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Serum retinol binding protein 4 is not decreased in congenital generalized lipodystrophy: a case series

Arquivos Brasileiros de Endocrinologia & Metabologia ◽

10.1590/s0004-27302011000400007 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 55 (4) ◽

pp. 279-283

Author(s):

Amélio F. Godoy-Matos ◽

Rodrigo O. Moreira ◽

Renata MacDowell ◽

Izidro Bendet

Keyword(s):

Adipose Tissue ◽

Binding Protein ◽

Case Series ◽

The Other ◽

Retinol Binding Protein ◽

Control Group ◽

Serum Retinol ◽

Retinol Binding Protein 4 ◽

Congenital Generalized Lipodystrophy ◽

Healthy Control

INTRODUCTION: Previous studies have suggested that Retinol Binding Protein 4 (RPB4), a protein produced by the adipose tissue, is associated with insulin resistance (IR). Congenital Generalized Lipodystrophy (CGL) is a rare disease characterized by IR and paucity of adipose tissue. Our objective was to determine RBP4 levels in patients with CGL. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Six (6) patients with CGL and a healthy control group were selected to participate in the study. Anthropometric and biochemical variables were compared between groups. RESULTS: No difference was observed in RBP4 levels between the two groups (CGL 42.5 [12.5 - 127] vs. control 57.4 [15.9 - 165]; p = 0.78). On the other hand, leptin levels were significantly lower in CGL patients (CGL 0.65 [0.2 - 0.7] vs. control 10.9 [0.9 - 38.6]; p = 0.015). No correlation was found between RBP-4 and waist circunference (r = 0.18, p = 0.57), or BMI (r = 0.24, p = 0.45). CONCLUSION: RBP4 is not decreased in CGL. These results suggest that adipose tissue may not be the main source of RBP4.

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CLEC4E as a New Tumor Marker for Early Diagnosis of GIT Tumors

Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology ◽

10.52711/0974-360x.2021.00552 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 3167-3172

Author(s):

Rasha Hasan Jasim ◽

Hadeer Haider Abdualameer

Keyword(s):

Early Diagnosis ◽

Tumor Marker ◽

Patient Group ◽

Study Groups ◽

The Other ◽

Control Group ◽

Control Groups ◽

Healthy Control ◽

The Relationship ◽

Sera Samples

During the period from the beginning of December 2018 to the end of May 2019, 108 resident of Babylon were included to participate in the current study, were divided into two main groups: 81 patients with GIT diseases, their age ranged from 12-80 years; and the controls group (27 individuals) with the age 17-71 years old. Furthermore, the patient group was divided into two subgroups, the first involved 51 patients with GIT tumors and the other with non-tumoral diseases of GIT (30 individuals suffered non tumoral GIT illness were enrolled as a pathological control group). CLEC4L, Serotonin were evaluated in the sera samples of the study groups. The current study revealed statistical significant increase in the levels of serotonin while it showed significant decrease in the levels of CLEC4L in the sera testers of patients with malignant GIT tumors when compared to benign GIT tumors, pathological GIT control, and healthy control groups. The present study showed that the relationship between CLEC4E with serotonin became negative. Serotonin showed the (88%) sensitivity among the assessed criteria followed by CLEC4L (76%).

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Emotion facial expression in families of patients with schizophrenia

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/s0924-9338(11)73104-2 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 26 (S2) ◽

pp. 1399-1399

Author(s):

S. Herrera ◽

M. Bardón ◽

C. Fernández ◽

V. Ángeles ◽

G. Lahera Forteza ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Facial Expression ◽

Healthy Volunteers ◽

Emotion Recognition ◽

The Other ◽

Control Group ◽

Healthy Controls ◽

Basic Emotions ◽

Healthy Control ◽

Face Emotion Recognition

IntroductionPatients with schizophrenia show a deficit in emotion recognition through facial expression and the low sense of familiarity may be a factor involved. However, the emotion facial expression in families of patients could be disturbed and be another factor related to the deficit in emotion recognition and in sense of familiarity in schizophrenia.ObjectivesTo assess the emotion facial expression in a sample of 21 families of patients with schizophrenia and families of healthy controls.Methods22 healthy volunteers, all of them professionals of mental health, were assessed with the Ekman Test of emotion recognition in unfamiliar people which was photographed by expressing the 6 Ekman’s basic emotions. The task was composed of 42 pictures, half of them from families of patients and the other half from families of healthy control.ResultsVolunteers recognize worse emotions in relatives of patients than in relatives of control group and this difference was statistically significant (Wilcoxon W = -4.13; p = .001). The average of pictures correctly recognized from families of patients was lower than pictures from families of control group (54.28% vs. 82%).ConclusionsThe emotion facial expression in families of patients with schizophrenia seems worse than in families of healthy controls. It could be a factor involved in face emotion recognition deficit in schizophrenia.

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SARS-CoV-2 Infection Susceptibility of Pregnant Patients at Term Regarding ABO and Rh Blood Groups: A Cohort Study

Medicina ◽

10.3390/medicina57050499 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 57 (5) ◽

pp. 499

Author(s):

Roxana Covali ◽

Demetra Socolov ◽

Ioana Pavaleanu ◽

Alexandru Carauleanu ◽

Vasile Lucian Boiculese ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Group ◽

Blood Groups ◽

The Other ◽

Control Group ◽

Rt Pcr ◽

Study Materials ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Infection Susceptibility ◽

Healthy Control ◽

Rh Blood Group

Background and Objectives: The susceptibility of pregnant patients at term to SARS-CoV-2 infection regarding the ABO and Rh blood group polymorphism was analyzed in this study. Materials and Methods: In this prospective study, 457 patients admitted for delivery at term in our hospital, between 1 April 2020 and 31 December 2020 were studied. There were 46 positive and 411 SARS-CoV-2 negative patients. Their values for RT-PCR, ABO, and Rh blood group analyses, which were determined upon admittance, were studied. Results: A slightly higher percentage of infected pregnant patients at term belonged to the A blood group compared with the percentage belonging to the other blood groups; this was also true for the healthy control group. For the Rh-negative pregnant patients at term, the odds of being infected with SARS-CoV-2 was OR = 1.22 compared with Rh-positive patients where OR = 1. In our study, the highest risk was found among BIII Rh-negative pregnant patients at term (OR = 3). None of the above differences were statistically significant. Conclusions: No significant difference was found between the percentage of ABO or Rh blood groups in SARS-CoV-2 positive patients when compared with SARS-CoV-2 negative patients (p = 0.562).

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Maternal and neonatal outcomes in COVID-19 infected pregnancies: a prospective cohort study

Journal of Travel Medicine ◽

10.1093/jtm/taaa158 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 27 (7) ◽

Author(s):

Reihaneh Pirjani ◽

Reihaneh Hosseini ◽

Tahereh Soori ◽

Maryam Rabiei ◽

Ladan Hosseini ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Neonatal Intensive Care ◽

Neonatal Outcomes ◽

Control Group ◽

Adjusted Risk ◽

Adjusted Risk Ratio ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Maternal And Neonatal Outcomes ◽

Delivery Type

Abstract Background Despite the large number of pregnant women with the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), there is not enough analytical study to compare maternal and fetal consequences of COVID-19 infected with non-infected pregnancies. This cohort study aimed to compare maternal and fetal consequences of COVID-19 infected with non-infected pregnancies. Methods We included pregnant women with and without COVID-19 who were admitted to Arash Hospital in Tehran, Iran, from 1 March to 1 September 2020. Clinical features, treatments, and maternal and fetal outcomes were assessed. Results A total of 199 women enrolled, including 66 COVID-19 infected and 133 non-infected pregnant women prospectively. Caesarean section was carried out in total 105 women (52.76%). A significant difference was found in term of delivery type between COVID-19 infected and non-infected pregnant women [adjusted risk ratio (aRR): 1.31, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.04, 1.65, P = 0.024]. No significant association was found between COVID-19 infection and preterm birth (aRR: 1.16, 95% CI: 0.54, 2.48, P = 0.689), low birth weight (aRR: 1.13, 95% CI: 0.55, 2.31, P = 0.723), gestational diabetes (aRR: 1.67, 95% CI: 0.81, 3.42, P = 0.160), pre-eclampsia (aRR: 2.02, 95% CI: 0.42, 6.78, P = 0.315), intrauterine growth restriction (aRR: 0.16, 95% CI: 0.02, 1.86, P = 0.145), preterm rupture of membrane (aRR: 0.19, 95% CI: 0.02, 2.20, P = 0.186), stillbirth (aRR: 1.41, 95% CI: 0.08, 18.37, P = 0.614), postpartum haemorrhage (aRR: 1.84, 95% CI: 0.39, 8.63, P = 0.185), neonatal intensive care unit (ICU) admission (aRR: 1.84, 95% CI: 0.77, 4.39, P = 0.168) and neonatal sepsis (aRR: 0.84, 95% CI: 0.48, 1.48, P = 0.568). The percentage of patients (4/66, 6.06%) being admitted to the ICU was significantly higher than the control group (0%) (P < 0.001). Conclusion Basically, although pregnancy and neonatal outcomes were not significantly different, the need for ICU care for pregnant women with COVID-19 was significantly higher compared with those without COVID-19.

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Effects of Sho-Saiko-To on Production of Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), Leukotriene B4 (LTB4) and Superoxide from Peripheral Monocytes and Polymorphonuclear Cells Isolated from HIV Infected Individuals

The American Journal of Chinese Medicine ◽

10.1142/s0192415x96000025 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 24 (01) ◽

pp. 1-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Koji Miyamoto ◽

Michael Lange ◽

George McKinley ◽

Christine Stavropoulos ◽

Shin-ichi Moriya ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chinese Medicine ◽

Immune Reaction ◽

Calcium Ionophore ◽

Leukotriene B4 ◽

Calcium Ionophore A23187 ◽

The Other ◽

Control Group ◽

Ionophore A23187 ◽

Polymorphonuclear Cells ◽

Healthy Control

The effects of Sho-saiko-to (SST), a traditional Chinese medicine, on the production of PGE2 from monocytes, LTB4 and superoxide from polymorphonuclear cells (PMNC) in HIY infected individuals were studied. SST inhibited the production of PGE2 from monocytes stimulated by opsonized zymosan in all groups including the healthy control group and also inhibited the production of superoxide from PMNC after stimulation with FMLP. On the other hand, SST enhanced the production of LTB4 when PMNC were stimulated by the calcium ionophore A23187. These results suggest that SST has different effects on the production of prostanoids or superoxide from monocytes and PMNC. Furthermore, our data indicates that inhibition of PGE2 or superoxide production will lead to indirect suppression of HIV, and enhancement of LTB4 will contribute to the upregulation of the immune reaction in my infected individuals.

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Long-term cognitive impairment after ICU treatment: a prospective longitudinal cohort study (Cog-I-CU)

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-020-72109-0 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Annekatrin Müller ◽

Judith von Hofen-Hohloch ◽

Meinhard Mende ◽

Dorothee Saur ◽

Christopher Fricke ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Structured Interview ◽

Cognitive Outcome ◽

Healthy Control Group ◽

Close Relative ◽

Control Group ◽

Cognitive State ◽

Healthy Control ◽

Prospective Longitudinal

Abstract In this prospective cohort study we aimed to investigate the trajectory of the cognitive performance of patients after discharge from an intensive care unit (ICU). Special consideration was given to patients with suspected premorbid cognitive impairment who might be at risk for the development of dementia. Clinical characteristics were collected until discharge. The premorbid cognitive state was estimated by a structured interview with a close relative. Cognitive outcome was assessed using the Consortium to Establish a Registry of Alzheimer’s Disease (CERAD) Plus battery and the Stroop Color and Word Test at the time of discharge from ICU and 9 months later. The results of the study group were compared to an established healthy control group and to normative data. A total number of 108 patients were finally included. At the time of discharge, patients underperformed the healthy control group. In linear regression models, delirium during the ICU stay and the factor premorbid cognitive impairment were associated with poorer cognitive outcome (p = 0.047 and p = 0.001). After 9 months, in 6% of patients without evidence of premorbid cognitive impairment long-lasting deficits were found. In patients with suspected premorbid cognitive impairment, performance in tests of executive function failed to improve.

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Maternal and Perinatal Outcomes of Exercise in Pregnant Women with Chronic Hypertension and/or Previous Preeclampsia: A Randomized Controlled Trial

ISRN Obstetrics and Gynecology ◽

10.1155/2013/857047 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Karina Tamy Kasawara ◽

Camila Schneider Gannuny Burgos ◽

Simony Lira do Nascimento ◽

Néville Oliveira Ferreira ◽

Fernanda Garanhani Surita ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Randomized Controlled Trial ◽

Physical Exercise ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Neonatal Outcomes ◽

Control Group ◽

Chronic Hypertension ◽

Study Group ◽

Professional Supervision ◽

Randomized Controlled

Objectives. To evaluate the association between physical exercise supervised in pregnant women with chronic hypertension and/or previous preeclampsia and maternal and neonatal outcomes. Method. Randomized controlled trial, which included 116 pregnant women with chronic hypertension and/or previous preeclampsia, considered risk of preeclampsia development. They were divided into two groups: study group that performed physical exercise with a stationary bicycle once a week, for 30 minutes; the intensity was controlled (heart rate 20% above resting values), under professional supervision and a control group that was not engaged in any physical exercise. The data was retrieved from medical charts. Significance level assumed was 5%. Results. Women from study group performed 9.24 ± 7.03 of physical exercise sessions. There were no differences between groups comparing type of delivery and maternal outcomes, including maternal morbidity and hospitalization in intensive unit care, and neonatal outcomes, including birth weight, adequacy of weight to gestational age, prematurity, Apgar scale at first and fifth minutes, hospitalization in intensive unit care, and neonatal morbidity. Conclusions. Physical exercise using a stationary bicycle in pregnant women with chronic hypertension and/or previous preeclampsia, once a week, under professional supervision, did not interfere in the delivery method and did not produce maternal and neonatal risks of the occurrence of morbidity. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01395342.

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