Scotist Metaphysics in Mid-Sixteenth Century Padua Giacomino Malafossa from Barge’s A Question on the Subject of Metaphysics

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-107
Author(s):  
Claus A. Andersen ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Subject Matter ◽  
Critical Reception ◽  
Italian Renaissance ◽  
Strict Sense ◽  
Introductory Article ◽  
The Subject ◽  
University Of Padua ◽  
The University

For more than four decades around the middle of the sixteenth century, Giacomino Malafossa from Barge († 1563) held the Scotist chair of metaphysics at the University of Padua. In his A Question on the Subject of Metaphysics, in Which Is Included the Question, Whether Metaphysics Is a Science, he developed a remarkable stance on the subject matter of metaphysics. Metaphysics has two objects: being qua being and God. However, only when it deals with the latter object can it be said to be a science in a strict sense. The reason is that the strict Aristotelian notion of science presupposes that the object of any science has demonstrable properties, which is the case with God, but not with being as being. Although being qua being does have certain properties, namely the transcendentals, these cannot be truly demonstrated. Malafossa’s Quaestio bears witness both to the clash between Averroism and Scotism at the Italian Renaissance universities and to the complexity of the Scotist tradition itself. This introductory article highlights Malafossa’s sources and traces the critical reception of his views among later Scotist authors.

A Question on the Subject of Metaphysics in Which Is Included the Question Whether Metaphysics Is a Science

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-143
Author(s):  
Giacomino Malafossa from Barge ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Subject Matter ◽  
Strict Sense ◽  
Scientific Object ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Subject ◽  
University Of Padua ◽  
The University

Giacomino Malafossa’s A Question on the Subject of Metaphysics, in Which Is Included the Question Whether Metaphysics Is a Science, from 1551 (first printed 1553) consists of two parts. In the first part, the author discusses various positions regarding the subject matter of metaphysics. In particular, he debates which conditions any scientific object must fulfill, the most important one being that an object of a science virtually contains all of its truths. Since being as being virtually contains whatever is considered in metaphysics, this is the adequate object of metaphysics. In the second part, the author addresses the problem that the transcendental properties of being are not truly demonstrable. This endangers the status of metaphysics as a science in the strict Aristotelian sense. The author discusses various Scotist solutions to this problem. His own solution is that metaphysics indeed is a science in the strict sense, but only when it considers God, not when it considers being as being, thus unwittingly challenging Duns Scotus’s own idea that metaphysics is a “transcending science” because of its consideration of being and its transcendental properties. Malafossa’s Quaestio is an important example of the metaphysical discourse at the University of Padua in the sixteenth century.

scholarly journals Post-Reformation Reformed sources and children

2008 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A.C. Neele
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Subject Matter ◽  
Protestant Reformation ◽  
Significant Interest ◽  
The Subject

This article suggests that the topic “children” received considerable attention in the post-Reformation era – the period of CA 1565-1725. In particular, the author argues that the post-Reformation Reformed sources attest of a significant interest in the education and parenting of children. This interest not only continued, but intensified during the sixteenth-century Protestant Reformation when much thought was given to the subject matter. This article attempts to appraise the aim of post-Reformation Reformed sources on the topic “children.”

The Discourse of Demetrius Chalcondyles on the Inauguration of Greek Studies at the University of Padua in 1463

1974 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 118-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deno J. Geanakoplos
Keyword(s):  
Italian Renaissance ◽  
Single Factor ◽  
The West ◽  
University Of Padua ◽  
The University

Few historians today would challenge the dictum that it was the development of Greek studies in the West that did more than any other single factor to enlarge and widen the intellectual horizon of the Italian Renaissance. The broad lines of this pattern of development are now reasonably well known, and scholars are devoting efforts rather to elucidating details in the transmission of Greek learning from Byzantium to Italy. Nevertheless, occasionally a document may be discovered that will not only provide new details but clarify an entire episode of capital importance in the development of Western Greek studies.

Ut musica poesis: Music and Poetry in France in the Late Sixteenth Century

1994 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 1-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Howard Mayer Brown
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Subject Matter ◽  
Ancient Greece ◽  
World Order ◽  
Pierre De Ronsard ◽  
Ideal Form ◽  
Literary Sources ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Crucial Part

By praising rulers, whose magnificence formed a crucial part of the world order, Pierre de Ronsard and his French colleagues in the second half of the sixteenth century often depicted the world not as it was but as it ought to be. This idea informs Margaret McGowan's book on ideal forms in the age of Ronsard, in which she explores the ways poets and painters extolled the virtues and the theatrical magnificence of perfect princes following the Horatian dictum ut pictura poesis: as is painting so is poetry. McGowan demonstrates the virtuosity of the painters and poets of the sixteenth century in shaping their hymns of praise from the subject matter and ideals of ancient Greece and Rome by following Horace's advice to regard paintings as mute poems and poems as speaking pictures. McGowan shows how artists and intellectuals pursued their goals by creating four kinds of ideal form: iconic forms, sacred images derived from classical literary sources offering princes some guarantee of immortality; triumphal forms that evoke the heroic imperial past; ideal forms of beauty to be found in contemplating the beloved; and dancing forms that mirror rituals of celebration. McGowan claims that such ideal forms were intended to enlighten the ruler himself as much as they celebrated his grandeur in the eyes of others.

scholarly journals Late Gothic (Antwerp) Mannerism: its Origins, Nature and Decline (a Review of the Literature)

2021 ◽  
pp. 83-94
Author(s):  
Stefaniia Demchuk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Subject Matter ◽  
Focal Points ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Religious Context ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Unique Style

This essay does not strive to give a comprehensive review of literature on Antwerp Mannerism, but rather to summarize the focal points of discussions and to outline key roadmaps for further studies. The majority of scholars consider Antwerp Mannerism as a late Gothic style influenced by Italian Quattrocento. Its genesis, however, remains a subject of hot debates. If Hoogewerff argued on the German origins, Vandenbroeck attributed it to an inflow of provincial artists. Whatever were the origins, Expressionist shapes were not inherent to the early Netherlandish painting and the attempt to fuse them with ‘realism’ of the Flemish Primitives seemed a revolutionary breakthrough following the pictorial crisis of the 1480s. Despite a rift in chronology, Antwerp Mannerism has irrefutable similarities with the later Italian Mannerism. Thus exploration of the intellectual and religious context of early sixteenth-century Antwerp art similar to Max Dvořák’s approach can be another direction for further research of the Italian and Spanish Mannerism. The subject matter of Antwerp Mannerist art, too, remains largely unexplored. Dan Ewing’s breakthrough essay showed that the changes in iconography (such as reinvention of the well-known subject) could mark shifts in identity. By no means they are merely ‘anecdotic’ as Paul Philippot stated. What subjects were popular beyond the Adoration of the Magi and why? Were there any secular subjects? How did the iconography of Antwerp art reflect the intersection of different Netherlandish schools of art? How did later artists incorporate the pictorial inventions of the Antwerp Mannerists? Finding an answer to these and similar questions can provide a rich context for further studies on this ‘contrived’ but unique style.

scholarly journals Renesansowy księgozbiór krakowskiego lekarza Stanisława Różanki

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 11-77
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Frankowicz
Keyword(s):  
Main Part ◽  
The Other ◽  
Unique Character ◽  
Doctor Of Philosophy ◽  
Entire Career ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Book Collections ◽  
University Of Padua ◽  
The University

Renaissance book collection of Stanislaus Rosarius The subject of the paper is the library of Stanislaus Rosarius (1520–1572). This doctor of philosophy and medicine, a graduate of the University of Padua who socialized with a number of key figures of the Polish Renaissance, was a highly regarded physician and an eminent member of the Calvinist congregation in Krakow. Being a prosperous practitioner, during his entire career he allocated part of his income to purchasing books for his private library. In total, Rosarius amassed almost 400 volumes, which made his library one of the largest of its kind at that time, not just within the royal capital of Poland. The library’s impressive range distinctly shows the broadness of the humanistic interests of its owner. As its main part, the article comprises two inventories of Rosarius’ books, one compiled in 1572 and the other in 1583. The present publication lists all entries from both the manuscripts, amply demonstrating the unique character of the collection as well as providing a sound basis for further detailed studies on Renaissance book collections in the possession of Krakow burghers.

scholarly journals Renaissance Anatomy: The Path from Ars to Scientia with a Focus on Anatomical Works of Johannes Jessenius

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-115
Author(s):  
Tomáš Nejeschleba
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
Fundamental Change ◽  
Andreas Vesalius ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
University Of Padua ◽  
The University

Johannes Jessenius (1566–1621) became known by his contemporaries mostly as an exponent of the Italian anatomical Renaissance in Central Europe at the end of the sixteenth and at the beginning of the seventeenth century. The image of Jessenius in the twentieth century was also created with respect to his activities in the area of anatomy in Wittenberg and Prague in particular. The aim of this article is to put Jessenius into the context of the development of anatomy in the sixteenth century. An important point in this progression can be seen in the change of the definition of anatomy from the art (ars) of dis- secting bodies and a “method” of instructing students to the way of acquiring knowledge (scientiaa) of bodies and nature. The crucial role in this process played anatomical writings of the second half of the 16th century and the development seems to be connected with methodological discussions at the University of Padua. Jessenius, in his anatomical writings, primarily followed the Paduan anatomist Andreas Vesalius (1514–1564), whose work De humani corporis fabrica (1543) expresses the fundamental change in Renaissance anatomy. In addition, the methodological background of the anatomical Renaissance, which Jessenius became acquainted with during his studies in Padua, also echoes in Jessenius’ works.

scholarly journals An analysis of using flipped learning in Higher Education: ‘How flipping difficult can it be?’

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gareth Bramley
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Subject Matter ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Teaching Method ◽  
Flipped Learning ◽  
Academic Literature ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The University ◽  
Law Degree ◽  
Large Investment

This paper aims to provide a critical analysis of using flipped learning as a teaching method in Higher Education.A study of using filpped learning was carried out within the context of a module on the undergraduate law degree programme at the University of Sheffield.Prior to the study, flipped hearing had not been attempted on an undergraduate law module at the University.Sutdents undertaking the module were asked to complete a survey, and quantative comments were collated. These results will be presented and analysed in this paper. This paper also draws on academic literature to compare perspectives of incorporating this method of teaching into the HE curriculum.This paper summarises the reasons for carrying out the study, together with the key findings from this study. The key conclusions of the paper focus primarily on the benefits of incorporating flipped learning into teaching - with the central benefits being deeper learning for students, and increased engagement in the subject matter. The paper also comments on some of the challenges of this teaching method - the central challenges being the need for consistency and clear signposting, together with a large investment of time by staff in implementing such a teaching method.

Wilhelm Bacher’s Place in the History of Hebrew Linguistics

1977 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aron Dotan
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Subject Matter ◽  
Critical Measure ◽  
Introductory Article ◽  
History Of Linguistics ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Comparative Study ◽  
Historical Treatment ◽  
Hebrew Linguistics

Summary The comparative study of languages goes back at least as far as to the work of Hebrew grammarians of the 10th century; consequently, medieval Hebrew linguistics should receive more attention within the general history of linguistics than it has generally been given. Wilhelm Bacher’s (1850–1913) role in the study of the history of Hebrew linguistics was decisive; the two recently reprinted volumes, Die Anfänge der hebräischen Grammatik (1895) and Die hebräische Sprachwissenschaft vom 10. bis zum 16. Jahrhundert (1892), constitute important contributions to the field. The extensive bibliography of Bacher added to the reprintings under review supplies an idea of the scope of Bacher’s scholarship in general, and of his contribution to the study of medieval linguistics in particular. The present article surveys this latter aspect of Bacher’s work, covering his text editions and monographic studies. This is concluded up by a chronological overview of all medieval linguists treated by Bacher and a list of his books translated into Hebrew. In the remainder of the article the two reprinted works are evaluated individually, the chronological span and the nature of their approach to the subject matter are compared, and an attempt is made to analyze Bacher’s methods in collecting his material and in preparing it for scholarly presentation. There follows an evaluation of Bacher’s studies in the light of present-day scholarship in the historical treatment of Hebrew linguistics. Finally, critical measure is taken of the introductory article prefaced to the reprint of Bacher’s works.

Translation and Cultural Convergence in Late Sixteenth-century Scotland and Huguenot France

2019 ◽  
pp. 115-128
Author(s):  
Peter Auger
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
Subject Matter ◽  
Modern Poetry ◽  
Cultural Relations ◽  
Cultural Convergence ◽  
Shared Identity ◽  
Early Modern Poetry ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Common

Examining poetical exchanges between James VI of Scotland and the Huguenot courtier Guillaume de Saluste Du Bartas in the 1580s, Chapter 7 demonstrates how poetry contributed to diplomatic initiatives, and how diplomatic concerns fostered expressiveness in the composition and presentation of poems. Early modern poetry, especially poetry in translation, could contribute to building better international cultural relations. Ambassadors and elite political figures were sometimes involved in such poems as writers, translators, readers, dedicatees, or recipients. When they were, these poems could contain subtle gestures consistent with the cultural diplomatic aims to express shared identity and strengthen political ties. The poetic exchanges between James and Du Bartas in the 1580s contained many signals of the common literary and political culture in Scotland and Protestant France, signals that are found in the subject matter, prosody, diction, structure, and other poetic features of the verses that they exchanged. This chapter examines the poetic techniques that James and Du Bartas used for expressing cultural convergence between Scotland and France when translating and composing original verse for each other, and then shows how the print publication of their poems enabled a broader international community to participate in this cultural moment.

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