scholarly journals Species distribution and antibiotic sensitivity pattern of coagulase-negative Staphylococci other than Staphylococcus epidermidis isolated from various clinical specimens

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 1298-1305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bouchami O ◽  
Achour W ◽  
Ben Hassen A
Keyword(s):  
Species Distribution ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Clinical Specimens ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern

scholarly journals Species identification, antibiotic sensitivity and slime production of coagulase-negative staphylococci isolated from clinical specimens

1988 ◽  
Vol 101 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Deighton ◽  
J. C. Franklin ◽  
W. J. Spicer ◽  
B. Balkau
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Clinical Relevance ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Hospital Environment ◽  
Multiple Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Clinical Specimens ◽  
Slime Production ◽  
Common Skin

SUMMARYTwo hundred and seventy-five consecutive clinical isolates of coagulase-negative staphylococci, including strains associated with disease, contaminants and skin colonizers, were speciated, tested for slime production and for their sensitivity to a range of antibiotics.Staphylococcus epidermidiswas the most commonly identified species, comprising 63% of all isolates. Slime production was detected in half the strains ofStaph. epidermidis, Staph. haemolyticusandStaph. Saprophyticusbut was rare in other species. MostStaph. haemolyticusstrains and approximately half of theStaph. epidermidisstrains were resistant to five or more antibiotics. A significant association was found between slime production and multiple antibiotic resistance. For catheter-associated strains, clinical relevance was predictable by species i.e.Staph. epidermidis. Multi-resistant slime-positiveStaph. haemolyticusstrains, although infrequently associated with disease, were common skin colonizers, presumably acquired from the hospital environment. We describe a practical and inexpensive scheme for thespeciation of human coagulase-negative staphylococcal isolates.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Antimicrobial-Resistant Pathogens in Canadian Hospitals: Results of the Canadian Ward Surveillance Study (CANWARD 2008)

2010 ◽  
Vol 54 (11) ◽  
pp. 4684-4693 ◽  
Author(s):  
George G. Zhanel ◽  
Melanie DeCorby ◽  
Heather Adam ◽  
Michael R. Mulvey ◽  
Melissa McCracken ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Surveillance Study ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Clinical Specimens ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Polymyxin E ◽  
Resistance Rates

ABSTRACT A total of 5,282 bacterial isolates obtained between 1 January and 31 December 31 2008, inclusive, from patients in 10 hospitals across Canada as part of the Canadian Ward Surveillance Study (CANWARD 2008) underwent susceptibility testing. The 10 most common organisms, representing 78.8% of all clinical specimens, were as follows: Escherichia coli (21.4%), methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA; 13.9%), Streptococcus pneumoniae (10.3%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (7.1%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (6.0%), coagulase-negative staphylococci/Staphylococcus epidermidis (5.4%), methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA; 5.1%), Haemophilus influenzae (4.1%), Enterococcus spp. (3.3%), Enterobacter cloacae (2.2%). MRSA comprised 27.0% (272/1,007) of all S. aureus isolates (genotypically, 68.8% of MRSA were health care associated [HA-MRSA] and 27.6% were community associated [CA-MRSA]). Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing E. coli occurred in 4.9% of E. coli isolates. The CTX-M type was the predominant ESBL, with CTX-M-15 the most prevalent genotype. MRSA demonstrated no resistance to ceftobiprole, daptomycin, linezolid, telavancin, tigecycline, or vancomycin (0.4% intermediate intermediate resistance). E. coli demonstrated no resistance to ertapenem, meropenem, or tigecycline. Resistance rates with P. aeruginosa were as follows: colistin (polymyxin E), 0.8%; amikacin, 3.5%; cefepime, 7.2%; gentamicin, 12.3%; fluoroquinolones, 19.0 to 24.1%; meropenem, 5.6%; piperacillin-tazobactam, 8.0%. A multidrug-resistant (MDR) phenotype occurred frequently in P. aeruginosa (5.9%) but uncommonly in E. coli (1.2%) and K. pneumoniae (0.9%). In conclusion, E. coli, S. aureus (MSSA and MRSA), P. aeruginosa, S. pneumoniae, K. pneumoniae, H. influenzae, and Enterococcus spp. are the most common isolates recovered from clinical specimens in Canadian hospitals. The prevalence of MRSA was 27.0% (of which genotypically 27.6% were CA-MRSA), while ESBL-producing E. coli occurred in 4.9% of isolates. An MDR phenotype was common in P. aeruginosa.

Evaluation of Bacteriological Profile in Active Mucosal Chronic Otitis Media - A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (02) ◽  
pp. 80-84
Author(s):  
Smitha B ◽  
Swapna U.P ◽  
Salilkumar K
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Bacterial Growth ◽  
Chronic Otitis Media ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Maximum Sensitivity ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern ◽  
Two Samples

BACKGROUND Active mucosal chronic otitis media (COM) is a disease of the middle ear cleft associated with inflammation and production of pus. The incidence is high in developing countries. It affects all age groups and both genders. If not properly treated, it can lead to complications. The bacterial isolates and their sensitivity pattern vary from place to place and also over time. Early identification of the microorganisms and their antibiotic sensitivity patterns helps in proper selection of antibiotics and quick recovery in COM patients. METHODS Fifty patients with active mucosal COM were selected for the study. The study was conducted over a period of one year. Ear swab from the deep external auditory canal was collected under strict aseptic precautions from these patients before starting antibiotic treatment. Microorganisms were identified by gram staining, growth on different agar plates, and various biochemical tests. Antibiotic sensitivity was done by the Kirby-Bauer method. RESULTS Majority of the patients were in the age group of 21 - 40 years (42 %) with female preponderance (62 %). All patients had a central perforation in the tympanic membrane (100 %). Bacterial growth was seen in 44 samples (88 %). Two samples (4 %) showed fungal growth. Four samples (8 %) showed no growth even after 48 hours of incubation. Single bacterium was isolated in 41 cases (82 %) whereas 3 samples (6 %) showed more than one bacterial growth. The predominant bacteria were Pseudomonas aeruginosa (50 %) followed by Staphylococcus aureus. The other isolates were coagulase negative staphylococci, enterococci, enterobacter, acinetobacter, and E coli. Pseudomonas showed maximum sensitivity to amikacin, imipenem and piperacillin / tazobactam (100 %). The most effective antibiotics for staphylococcus was vancomycin and linezolid. CONCLUSIONS The most common bacteria isolated in active mucosal COM were pseudomonas followed by Staphylococcus aureus. The most effective antibiotics for pseudomonas was amikacin, imipenem and piperacillin / tazobactam. Staphylococcus showed maximum sensitivity to vancomycin and linezolid. KEYWORDS Chronic Otitis Media (COM), Active Mucosal, Ear Swab, Bacteriology, Sensitivity

scholarly journals EMERGENCE AND ANTIBIOTIC SENSITIVITY PATTERN OF ACINETOBACTER BAUMANNII IN HOSPITAL FACILITY

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
Anania Arjuna ◽  
Dinobandhu Nandi
Keyword(s):  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Nosocomial Infections ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Hospital Environment ◽  
Sensitivity Testing ◽  
Hospital Acquired Infection ◽  
Clinical Specimens ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Hospital Acquired

ABSTRACTObjective: Nosocomial infections or Hospital acquired infection (HAI) are one of the major threats to hospitalized patients as well as for the hospitalassociated personnel. In last few years there is a gross change in causative agents, new organisms have come out with great threat to hospitals as theypossess antibiotic resistance property e.g. production of biofilm, production of enzymes such as β- lactamases. Among many organisms, Acinetobacterbaumannii has emerged as a potent nosocomial pathogen. Our objective of this study was to find the burden of Acinetobacter baumannii infectionswhich are associated as nosocomial infections and to determine the drug of choice for an effective treatment.Methods: Clinical specimens were collected from patients of different unit of the hospital by maintaining universal precautions and standardmicrobiological protocols. All the respective specimens were cultured in respective culture medium i.e. MacConkey agar, blood agar, chocolate agar,cysteine lactose electrolyte deficient (CLED) agar and, fluid thioglycolate (TG) medium at 37˚C for 24-48 hours. After incubation of 24-48 hours cultureplates were examined for bacterial growth and identification and antibiotic sensitivity test was made by Vitek2 compact.Result: The study was conducted at the department of microbiology from January 2016 to April 2016. A total of 2582 specimens were collected andprocessed for identification and sensitivity testing. Specimens of all age group (2 days- 93 years) and both sexes were processed for identificationof A. baumannii and antibiotic sensitivity testing. A total of 119 isolates (4.60%) of A. baumannii were obtained from 2582 clinical specimens. Themost common infection A. baumannii was found as lower respiratory tract infection (89.07%) followed by abscess (6.72%), septicaemia (2.52%),urinary tract infections (0.84%), and soft tissue infections (0.84%). The maximum sensitivity of A. baumannii isolates were seen to Colistin (CL) (119,100%), followed by Tigecycline (TGC) (63, 52.94%) and Minocycline (MIN) (27, 22.69%). The maximum resistant was observed for Imipenem (IMI),Aztreonam (AZT) and Ticarcillin- clavulanic acid (TIC) (119, 100%).Conclusion: The Gram- negative coccobacillus, Acinetobacter baumannii poses a formidable threat to patients. It has emerged as a superbug inhospital environment particularly in ICU units. The chances of A. baumannii infections increase in the presence of iatrogenic factors like inadequatelong- term antibiotic therapy and new interventions in a medical facility. To control the burden of Acinetobacter infections new therapies suchas combine therapy must be obtained and followed with proper dose as recommend by physicians; along with awareness of the importance ofthis infection should be implicated. Proper sanitation, good housekeeping, sterilization of equipment, hand hygiene, water purification, isolationprocedures and maintaining of the hospital environment, use of infection control practices are some of the measures to control the transmission ofAcinetobacter spp. among hospital personnel.Keywords: Acinetobacter baumannii, Biofilm, β-lactamases, Hospital acquired infection.

scholarly journals Bacteria Sensitivity Pattern of Caesarean Section Wound on Selected Antibiotics in Ulin General Hospital Banjarmasin

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
Nurhafizah Rafiani ◽  
Renny Aditya ◽  
Noor Muthmainah
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Surgical Wounds ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity Test ◽  
Bacterial Sensitivity

Abstract: A cesarean delivery increases the risk of wound infection it should be prevented by using antibiotics. This study was to determine the pattern of bacterial sensitivity in surgical wounds of cesarean section patients for selected antibiotics, i.e ceftriaxone, cefixime, sulbactam ampicillin, ciprofloxacin, clindamycin and gentamicin.This observational study was conducted at the Ulin Public Hospital in Banjarmasin from July to September 2019. Using a cross sectional approach Samples of bacteria were identidied from 36 that were pusposively sampled, i.e., Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Escherichia coli. Antibiotic sensitivity test showed that Staphylococcus aureus was sensitive against gentamicin (100%),whereas Staphylococcus epidermidis and Escherichia coli. Were intermediately sensitive towards gentamicin (62.5%) and ceftriaxone (80%) Keywords: Antibiotic susceptibility, caesarean section, surgical wound

scholarly journals Antibiotic sensitivity pattern of pathogens in children with urinary tract infection in a tertiary care hospital in Kachchh, Gujarat, India

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 2103
Author(s):  
Rekha Thaddanee ◽  
Gurudas Khilnani ◽  
Nupur Shah ◽  
Ajeet Kumar Khilnani
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern

Background: This prospective observational study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital in Kachchh, over a period of 6 months, to know the antibiotic sensitivity pattern of pathogens in children less than 18 years old with Urinary Tract Infection (UTI).Methods: Between December 2016 to June 2017, 186 children met the inclusion criterion. Urine samples were collected and processed for urine routine microscopy, culture and antibiotic sensitivity as per the standard laboratory guidelines. Urine culture was positive in 50 cases, which were further evaluated to find out any renal disease. All patients were given 10-14 days antibiotics course and follow-up urine reports were done. Patients were considered cured when the follow-up urine reports were normal.Results: E. coli was the commonest organism (34%) isolated, found mainly in 1-5 years age group (20%). Enterococci were isolated in 32% cases, most of which were less than 5 years of age (28%). Klebsiella (12%), Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA) (10%), Coagulase negative staphylococci (6%), Pseudomonas (2%) and Budding yeast cell (4%) were the less frequent organisms isolated. E. coli were found to be less sensitive to different Aminoglycosides (11.7% - 23.5%), Cephalosporins (11.7% - 52.9%), Fluoroquinolones (5.8% - 11.7%), Co-trimoxazole (17.6%) and Piperacillin (17.6%), but were more sensitive (70.6%) to Imipenems. Enterococci were also partially sensitive to Aminoglycosides (6.2-18.7%), Cephalosporins (25-37.5.7%), Fluoroquinolones (6.25-12.5%), Penicillin-G (50%), Piperacillin (31.25%) and Co-trimoxazole (43.75%), but had good sensitivity for Imipenems (68.7%), Linezolid (75%) and Vancomycin (81.2%). Similarly, MRSA was 100% sensitive to Linezolid and Imipenem but partially sensitive (20-60%) to other antibiotics. Klebsiella showed 16.65-33.3% sensitivity to all antibiotics except Imipenem (83.3%) and was 100% resistant to Co-trimoxazole. Coagulase negative Staphylococci (CONS) remained 100% sensitive to all antibiotics and Pseudomonas was resistant to all antibiotics.Conclusions: The study concludes that pathogens for UTI in children have developed resistance, even to the newer generation antibiotics, probably due to the irrational use of antibiotics. In view of emergence of multi drug resistant pathogens, which carry considerable morbidity and mortality, every effort must be taken to use antibiotics judiciously.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Resistance Profiling of Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci in a Referral Center in South Italy: A Surveillance Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-97
Author(s):  
Daria Nicolosi ◽  
Diana Cinà ◽  
Concettina Di Naso ◽  
Floriana D’Angeli ◽  
Mario Salmeri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Valves ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Host Cells ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
South Italy ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern ◽  
Broth Microdilution Method

Background: CoNS are part of the normal flora of the skin, upper respiratory tract and human intestine. CoNS are able to colonize host tissues or inert materials such as prosthetics, heart valves, pacemakers, and urinary and venous catheters. They can also internalize in host cells, thus eluding immune defenses and attack by antibiotics. Objective: In this study, we collected the epidemiological data and determined the antibiotic susceptibility of 828 CoNS, collected in Garibaldi Hospital (Catania, Italy) between January 2016 and October 2018. Methods: Strains were evaluated by determining the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) using the broth microdilution method, according to the guidelines of the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. The antibiotic sensitivity pattern of CoNS against eighteen antibiotics was determined. Results: For all the 828 clinical isolates, varying resistance rates were observed: ampicillin (87%), penicillin (86%), amoxicillin-clavulanate (71%), oxacillin (70%), erythromycin (69%), azithromycin (68%), levofloxacin (55%), ciprofloxacin (54%), gentamycin (47%), moxifloxacin (42%), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (30%), clindamycin (28%), tetracycline (24%), rifampicin (20%), quinupristin-dalfopristin (synercid) (4%). No strains investigated demonstrated resistance to teicoplanin, vancomycin and linezolid. Conclusion: Our results highlight the importance of monitoring the evolution of CoNS resistance in order to implement control measures and reduce the risk of spread in the population.

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