Weed control in intercroping systems with dry bean and cycloxydim-tolerant maize

Due to the narrow range of available herbicides, weeds are one of the limiting factors for intercropping of dry bean and maize. Various benefits of this production method have been confirmed by the results of many authors. The aim of this study was to investigate the possibility of using a cycloxydim-tolerant maize hybrid to expand the ability of weed control in intercroping systems with bean. Three-year field trials were conducted from 2015 to 2017, at the Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops in the vicinity of Novi Sad. Cycloxydim-tolerant maize and dry bean were sown mechanically in alternating strips, with one strip consisting of 4 rows of maize and the other strip containing 6 rows of bean. Combinations of herbicides based on dimethenamid-P, linuron, bentazone and cycloxydim were studied. The effect of herbicides on the number of weeds, fresh weed mass and grain yield of bean and maize was evaluated. No phytotoxicity of the herbicides was observed on the crops, indicating the safety of their use in this production system. The most common weeds were Chenopodium album, Datura stramonium and Sorghum halepense developed from rhizomes. Herbicides had a significant effect in reducing the abundance and fresh mass of the above-ground weed parts. A special contribution of the results obtained is the unique ability to control S. halepense using the cycloxydim-based product. Owing to the above-mentioned possibility, a significant reduction in the number and mass of S. halepense shoots developed from rhizomes was achieved (100% in 2015 and 2016, and >90% in 2017). The results of our trials confirm the contribution of the extension of the choice of herbicides with cycloxydim in this system of intercropping with dry bean and cycloxydim-tolerant maize.

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Integrating Irrigation, Tillage, and Herbicides for Weed Control in Dry Bean

Weed Technology ◽

10.1614/wt-d-13-00173.1 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 28 (3) ◽

pp. 479-485 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Robert G. Wilson ◽

Gustavo M. Sbatella

Keyword(s):

Weed Control ◽

Plant Density ◽

Production Systems ◽

Field Trials ◽

No Tillage ◽

Dry Bean ◽

Soil Crusting ◽

Crop Injury ◽

Overhead Irrigation ◽

Crop Density

Field trials were conducted from 2010 through 2012 to evaluate the integration of three factors: overhead irrigation after planting great northern dry bean; three methods of seedbed preparation: no-tillage, one or two diskings; and eight weed control treatments on dry bean development and weed control. The previous crop each year was corn. Overhead irrigation with 13 mm of water immediately after herbicide application and planting in early June did not improve or reduce herbicide efficacy but where herbicides were not utilized, irrigation increased weed emergence. Soil crusting increased in 2 of 3 yr when soil was disked at a 20-cm depth before planting. Crop injury from herbicides applied PRE increased when soil crusting occurred. No tillage before planting reduced crop injury from herbicides in 2010 and 2011 and weed density in 2012. Dry bean injury was minimal from herbicides applied PRE except for flumioxazin, which reduced crop density in 2011 and 2012. Imazamox plus bentazon applied POST caused early-season dry bean injury in 2 of 3 yr and resulted in a reduction in crop seed yield compared to dimethenamid-P or halosulfuron applied PRE. As producers move away from intensive tillage before planting to reduced tillage or no-tillage production systems, the results of this experiment show that dimethenamid-P, halosulfuron, pendimethalin, andS-metolachlor can be utilized PRE to provide acceptable weed control and crop selectivity. Although flumioxazin applied PRE reduced plant density, Great Northern dry bean yields were not affected by the loss of plant stand.

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Integration of Vinegar for In-Row Weed Control in Transplanted Bell Pepper and Broccoli

Weed Technology ◽

10.1614/wt-d-10-00167.1 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 25 (3) ◽

pp. 459-465 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

G. J. Evans ◽

R. R. Bellinder ◽

R. R. Hahn

Keyword(s):

Weed Control ◽

Field Trials ◽

Bell Pepper ◽

Yield Reduction ◽

Vegetable Crops ◽

Crop Canopy ◽

Foliar Injury ◽

Crop Injury ◽

Organic Farmers ◽

Hand Weeding

Vinegar can supplement the existing intrarow weed control options of organic farmers. However, there are two primary limitations to its use in vegetable crops. First, it is costly. Second, vinegar applications that contact the crop can cause injury and yield loss. The aim of this research was to use vinegar to control intrarow weeds in bell pepper and broccoli in a way that product costs would be reduced and crop injury would be minimized. Banded applications were shielded and directed below the crop canopy to reduce weed control costs and minimize contact with crop foliage. Organic paints applied to crop stems were evaluated as potential physical barriers to crop stem injury. Four field trials were conducted in 2009, two in transplanted bell pepper and two in transplanted broccoli. A single application of 200-grain vinegar (20% acetic acid) at 700 L ha−1was applied when weeds were in the cotyledon to six-leaf stage. Applications were made to crops with the lower stems coated in one of two stem protectants, or left uncoated. Hand-weeded and weedy treatments were included for comparison. One day after vinegar application, in-row weed control was 100% in both pepper trials and greater than 96% in the broccoli trials. Two weeks after application, 75% fewer weeds germinated in the vinegar-treated areas compared with the areas that were hand weeded. Neither stem protectant prevented crop injury. Despite pepper foliar injury of less than 5%, stem injury 2 wk after application contributed to a measurable yield reduction. Broccoli injury was limited to instances where overspray contacted the crop canopy. With vinegar, high levels of weed control and the extended duration of that control relative to hand weeding could facilitate improved organic intrarow weed control. However, crop injury must be reliably reduced. Alternative stem protectants may merit evaluation.

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Weed Control in Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) with Soil-applied Herbicides Affected by a Prolonged and Limited rainfall

Poljoprivreda ◽

10.18047/poljo.27.2.1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 27 (2) ◽

pp. 3-14

Author(s):

Zvonko Pacanoski ◽

◽

Arben Mehmeti ◽

Keyword(s):

Weed Control ◽

Chenopodium Album ◽

Field Trials ◽

Early Spring ◽

Amaranthus Retroflexus ◽

Soil Conditions ◽

Weed Species ◽

Polygonum Aviculare ◽

Growing Seasons ◽

Solanum Nigrum L

The field trials were carried out in the Bitola and Titov Veles regions during two sunflower growing seasons (2018 and 2019) to estimate a weed control in sunflower with the soil‒applied herbicides, influenced by a prolonged and limited rainfall. Polygonum aviculare L., Solanum nigrum L., Chenopodium album L., Amaranthus retroflexus L., Portulaca oleracea L., and Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) P. Beauv. were the most dominant weeds in both regions. The efficacy of PRE-em herbicides varied among the weed species, treatments, periods of efficacy estimation, regions, and years. The overall performances of the PRE-em herbicides were correlated with weather and soil conditions. The inconsistent weather patterns between the two years of the study likely influenced the weed control. All weeds in 2018 in the Bitola region were poorly controlled (<77% and <62%, 28 and 56 days after application, respectively) due to a higher amount of rainfall (57 mm) during the 10 days of the 1st decade after herbicide application. The herbicide efficacy has only produced a marginal control of weeds in 2019 in the Titov Veles region as well (<68% and <59%, 28 and 56 days after application, respectively), due to the drought conditions observed in this region in early spring and in mid-spring. A PREem application followed by a heavy rainfall resulted in a sunflower injury in the Bitola region in 2018, ranging from 9 to 28% across the PRE-em treatments seven days after emergence. The injuries by oxyfluorfen and dimethenamid-P were more serious (24 and 28%, respectively). The sunflower achene yields for each treatment in both regions generally reflected an overall weed control and crop injury.

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Weed Flora in Organic Common Mallow (Malva sylvestris L.)

Contemporary Agriculture ◽

10.2478/contagri-2018-0020 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 67 (2) ◽

pp. 143-148 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Milka Brdar-Jokanović ◽

Branka Ljevnaić-Mašić ◽

Dejana Džigurski ◽

Anamarija Koren ◽

Larisa Merkulov-Popadić ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Growing Season ◽

Datura Stramonium ◽

Amaranthus Retroflexus ◽

Control Measures ◽

Vegetable Crops ◽

Ecological Conditions ◽

Malva Sylvestris ◽

Weed Flora ◽

Broadleaf Species ◽

Novi Sad

Summary The aim of this study was to examine weed flora occurring in an organic common mallow (Malva sylvestris L.), a newly established crop at the experimental field Bački Petrovac, Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Novi Sad, during the growing season of 2014. The weed flora consisted of six species, with even a half being invasive for Vojvodina region (Sorghum halepense, Amaranthus retroflexus, Datura stramonium). The observed low floristic diversity may be related to unbalanced ecological conditions in a newly established crop, invasive species, comparatively low fertilization, allelopathic relations, and possibly robust habitus of the main crop. However, although the flora was low in diversity, both narrow and broadleaf species were represented, with the average infestation as high as 16 individuals per m2. In addition, since the recorded weeds flower from Mart to November, until the development of more efficient methods that are in compliance with the principles of organic agriculture, mechanical weeding should be performed at least three times during the growing season. To our knowledge, this is the first such report on organic common mallow in agro ecological conditions of Serbian province Vojvodina and represents the first step in establishing the adequate weed control measures.

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Replace of the EPOST glyphosate with pre herbicides and application of different LPOST glyphosate rates for weed control in established vineyard

Acta agriculturae Slovenica ◽

10.14720/aas.2020.116.2.1910 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 116 (2) ◽

pp. 299

Author(s):

Zvonko PACANOSKI ◽

Krum BOŠKOV ◽

Arben Beni MEHMETI

Keyword(s):

Weed Control ◽

Cynodon Dactylon ◽

Lolium Multiflorum ◽

Chenopodium Album ◽

Field Trials ◽

Early Summer ◽

Xanthium Strumarium ◽

Summer Period ◽

Herbicide Treatments ◽

Annual Weeds

Two-year field trials were conducted at two winegrowing districts (Kavadarci and Skopje in 2016 and 2017) to evaluate wheather oxyfluorfen, pendimethalin and flazasulfuron can replace early post-emergence (EPOST) application of glyphosate in established vineyard until its application in early summer period. The weed vegetation in vineyards in both years was consisted mainly of Chenopodium album L., Setaria viridis (L). Beauv., Papaver rhoeas L., Xanthium strumarium L., Lolium multiflorum Lam., Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers. and Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. Pendimethalin, oxyfluorfen and flazasulfuron efficiently reduced predominant annual weeds and S. halepense seedlings in 2017, but not in 2016. PRE herbicides, regardless year, had no significant effect on C. dactylon. Opposite, the efficacy of EPOST applied glyphosate was significantly lower in 2017 compared to 2016. LPOST glyphosate applied at 2.0 l ha-1 provided at least 94 % control of dominant annual broadleaf and grass weeds. LPOST application of glyphosate at 2.0 l ha-1 and glyphosate at 2.0 and 4.0 l ha-1 resulted in unsatisfactory weed control of predominant perennial S. halepense, and C. dactylon, respectively. LPOST glyphosate applied at 4.0 l ha-1 provided control of S. halepense by 84 % or more. LPOST glyphosate applied at 8.0 l ha-1 reduced the amount of S. halepense and C. dactylon at least 97 %. Grapevine yield of both varieties was not lower in all herbicide treatments in 2016 compared with 2017. However, yield in the PRE herbicide treatments fb 2.0 and 4.0 l ha-1 glyphosate was collectively 15-19 % and 17-19 % lower compare to PRE herbicide treatments fb 8.0 l ha-1 glyphosate and standard two applications of glyphosate, respectively for both years and districts. No impacts to grapevine growth were observed from PRE herbicide treatments at either district

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Weed control in bean and green bean crops

Biljni lekar ◽

10.5937/biljlek2106804s ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 49 (6) ◽

pp. 804-814

Author(s):

Aleksandra Savić ◽

Sanja Đurović ◽

Srđan Stevanović ◽

Milan Ugrinović

Keyword(s):

Weed Control ◽

Chenopodium Album ◽

Datura Stramonium ◽

Amaranthus Retroflexus ◽

Ambrosia Artemisiifolia ◽

Xanthium Strumarium ◽

Green Beans ◽

Important Place ◽

Growing Conditions ◽

High Yields

Phaseolus vulgaris (beans; green beans) as a food of high nutritional value occupies an important place in the human diet. In addition to all the basic growing conditions, one of the key requirements for achieving high yields is successful weed control. Weeds such as Amaranthus retroflexus, Chenopodium album, Datura stramonium, Abutilon theophrasti, Xanthium strumarium, Cirsium arvense, Ambrosia artemisiifolia, Sorghum halepense and others appear as the most dominant species in our agroecological conditions. The application of the concept of integrated weed control implies the application of all available measures (crop rotation, proper and timely tillage, application of herbicides, etc.). Although there is a wider range of registered herbicides for weed control in beans and green beans in the world, preparations based on active substances: clethodim, quizalofop-P-tefuril, imazamox and bentazone have been registered in Serbia.

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Crop signal markers facilitate crop detection and weed removal from lettuce and tomato by an intelligent cultivator

Weed Technology ◽

10.1017/wet.2019.120 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 34 (3) ◽

pp. 342-350 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

HannahJoy Kennedy ◽

Steven A. Fennimore ◽

David C. Slaughter ◽

Thuy T. Nguyen ◽

Vivian L. Vuong ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pattern Recognition ◽

Weed Control ◽

Yield Loss ◽

Field Trials ◽

Vegetable Crops ◽

Vegetable Crop ◽

Tomato Plants ◽

Commercial Use ◽

Hand Weeding ◽

Herbicide Use

AbstractIncreasing weed control costs and limited herbicide options threaten vegetable crop profitability. Traditional interrow mechanical cultivation is very effective at removing weeds between crop rows. However, weed control within the crop rows is necessary to establish the crop and prevent yield loss. Currently, many vegetable crops require hand weeding to remove weeds within the row that remain after traditional cultivation and herbicide use. Intelligent cultivators have come into commercial use to remove intrarow weeds and reduce cost of hand weeding. Intelligent cultivators currently on the market such as the Robovator, use pattern recognition to detect the crop row. These cultivators do not differentiate crops and weeds and do not work well among high weed populations. One approach to differentiate weeds is to place a machine-detectable mark or signal on the crop (i.e., the crop has the mark and the weed does not), thereby facilitating weed/crop differentiation. Lettuce and tomato plants were marked with labels and topical markers, then cultivated with an intelligent cultivator programmed to identify the markers. Results from field trials in marked tomato and lettuce found that the intelligent cultivator removed 90% more weeds from tomato and 66% more weeds from lettuce than standard cultivators without reducing yields. Accurate crop and weed differentiation described here resulted in a 45% to 48% reduction in hand-weeding time per hectare.

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Mesotrione: A new herbicide for use in maize

Pesticidi ◽

10.2298/pif0304245e ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 18 (4) ◽

pp. 245-256

Author(s):

Ibrahim Elezovic ◽

Milan Stevic ◽

Katarina Jovanovic-Radovanov

Keyword(s):

Foliar Application ◽

Chenopodium Album ◽

Datura Stramonium ◽

Field Trials ◽

Amaranthus Retroflexus ◽

Xanthium Strumarium ◽

Experimental Sample ◽

Weed Species ◽

Polygonum Lapathifolium ◽

Lepidium Draba

In 2000 and 2001 field trials were carried out to evaluate the efficacy of herbicide mesotrione in maize. The experiments were established in Zemun Polje and Smederevska Palanka, according to EPPO/OEPP standard methods. Trade formulation Callisto (a.i. mesotrione 480 g/L) used as a experimental sample in two doses 0.15 L/ha and 0.25 L/ha for pre-em, and 0.15 L/ha adjuvant; 0.25 L/ha + adjuvant and 0.25 L/ha alone for foliar application. The most sensitive weed species were: Adonis aestivalis, Amaranthus retroflexus, Cirsium arvense, Chenopodium album, Chenopodium hibridum Lepidium draba, Brassica nigra, Datura stramonium, Kickia spuria, Polygonum lapathifolium, Sinapis arvensis, Solanum nigrum, Stachys annua i Xanthium strumarium.

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Efficacy and crop selectivity of saflufenacil alone and with partner herbicides for weed control in maize

New Zealand Plant Protection ◽

10.30843/nzpp.2011.64.6012 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 64 ◽

pp. 133-141 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M.R. Trolove ◽

A. Rahman ◽

G.C. Hagerty ◽

T.K. James

Keyword(s):

Weed Control ◽

Chenopodium Album ◽

Negative Relationship ◽

Good Control ◽

Field Trials ◽

Effective Control ◽

Visual Damage ◽

Strong Negative Relationship ◽

Damage Symptoms

The recently developed herbicide saflufenacil was evaluated in six field trials between 2008 and 2011 for weed control in maize (Zea mays) crops Trial sites varied considerably in soil characteristics and weed spectrum No phytotoxicity or visual damage symptoms were observed in any of the six cultivars planted When used alone at 70 or 105 g ai/ha saflufenacil provided effective control of annual broadleaf weeds including atrazine and dicambaresistant fathen (Chenopodium album) but had little activity on grass weeds In combination with acetochlor both rates of saflufenacil provided good control of annual grass and broadleaf weeds in all but one trial In crops with a high weed pressure especially grass weeds a follow up postemergence herbicide would be required to maximise control Combinations of saflufenacil with up to 1200 g ai/ha of dimethenamidp were generally less effective than with acetochlor A strong negative relationship was evident between weed density and maize silage or grain yields

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Weed Control in Dicamba-Resistant Soybean with Glyphosate/Dicamba Applied at Various Doses and Timings

International Journal of Agronomy ◽

10.1155/2020/8903941 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Nader Soltani ◽

Christy Shropshire ◽

Peter H. Sikkema

Keyword(s):

Weed Control ◽

Chenopodium Album ◽

Field Trials ◽

Ambrosia Artemisiifolia ◽

Setaria Viridis ◽

Application Timing ◽

Setaria Faberi ◽

Weed Interference ◽

Giant Foxtail ◽

Green Foxtail

Seven field trials were completed over a three-year period (2016 to 2018) in southwestern Ontario, Canada, to assess weed control in conventional-till dicamba-resistant (DR) soybean with glyphosate/dicamba (2 : 1 ratio) applied postemergence (POST) at 3 doses (900, 1350, and 1800 g·ae·ha−1) and 3 application timings (up to 5, 15, and 25 cm weeds). There was minimal soybean injury (≤2%) from treatments evaluated. Glyphosate/dicamba applied at application timing of up to 5, 15, and 25 cm weeds, controlled Amaranthus spp. (pigweed spp.) 87–96, 94–99, and 99%; Ambrosia artemisiifolia (common ragweed) 93–99, 97–99, and 99–100%; Chenopodium album (lambsquarters) 89–99, 95–100, and 99–100%; Echinochloa crus-galli (barnyardgrass) 81–84, 94–96, and 96–97%; Setaria faberi (giant foxtail) 37–90, 77–98, and 99–100%; and Setaria viridis (green foxtail) 94–96, 99, and 99–100%, respectively. Additionally, glyphosate/dicamba applied POST at 900, 1350, and 1800 g·ae·ha−1 controlled Amaranthus spp. 90–97, 95–98, and 97–99%; A. artemisiifolia 95–98, 97–99, and 99–100%; C. album 92–99, 95–100, and 98–100%; E. crus-galli 84–88, 93-94, and 95-96%; S. faberi 74–95, 75–97, and 79–98%; and S. viridis 98, 98–99, and 98–100%, respectively. Weed interference reduced DR soybean yield as much as 51% compared to the highest yielding treatments. Results indicate that glyphosate/dicamba applied POST at the label doses can provide an adequate control of troublesome weeds in DR soybean. Weed control was generally most consistent when glyphosate/dicamba was applied at the highest registered dose in Ontario (1800 g·ae·ha−1) and when weeds were up to 25 cm tall.

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