scholarly journals The relation of risk-taking propensity, professional preferences and the approach to the selection of future profession

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Rosic-Markovic ◽  
Svetlana Cizmic ◽  
Milica Vukelic
Keyword(s):  
Risk Taking ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Professional Preferences

scholarly journals Entrepreneurial Mindset and Performance of Small and Medium Scale Enterprises in Makurdi Metropolis, Benue State-Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 124-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Lubem Asenge ◽  
Hembadoon Sarah Diaka ◽  
Alexander Terna Soom
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Major Effect ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Medium Scale ◽  
Business Opportunities ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Selection Of

Many studies indicates that entrepreneurial mindset is a critical factor in the accumulation, evaluation and selection of the knowledge which can lead an individual into potential business opportunities thereby enhancing entrepreneurial outcomes such as firm performance. This study examined the effect of entrepreneurial mindset on the performance of small and medium scale enterprises in Benue State. The focus of the research was to measure the entrepreneurs’ mindset exhibited through innovativeness, creativity, business alertness and risk taking and how these attributes contributed to the performance of SMEs. The research focused on a population of 650 small and medium scale enterprises based in Makurdi metropolis. A questionnaire was used to collect data from a sample of 250 SMEs in Makurdi metropolis which were selected through stratified random sampling method. Collected data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics with the aid of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). Correlation and multiple regression analysis were employed to analyse the data and test the hypotheses. The study revealed that innovativeness, creativity, business alertness and risk taking were significant in affecting performance of SMEs. The study concluded that entrepreneurial mindset or lack of it has a major effect on SMEs performance and if any economy is bended towards development and growth, it would have to embrace this concept. It recommended that all the policy makers and all stake holders should re-strategize and create forums that can promote entrepreneurial mindset among the existing and potential entrepreneurs.

partial reversal and the functions of lateralisation

2005 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 589-590 ◽  
Author(s):  
richard john andrew
Keyword(s):  
Risk Taking ◽  
Behavioural Phenotypes ◽  
Degree Of Control ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Partial Reversal

the use of lateralised cues by predators and fellows may not strongly affect lateralisation. conservatism of development is a possible source of consistency across vertebrates. individuals with partial reversal, affecting only one ability, or with varying degree of control of response by one hemisphere do exist. their incidence may depend on varying selection of behavioural phenotypes such as risk taking.

scholarly journals Personality differences in the selection of dynamic refugia have demographic consequences for a winter-adapted bird

2020 ◽  
Vol 287 (1934) ◽  
pp. 20200609
Author(s):  
Amy A. Shipley ◽  
Jennyffer Cruz ◽  
Benjamin Zuckerberg
Keyword(s):  
Cold Exposure ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Resource Selection ◽  
Bonasa Umbellus ◽  
Personality Differences ◽  
Inclement Weather ◽  
Fitness Benefits ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Linked Selection ◽  
Selection Of

For overwintering species, individuals' ability to find refugia from inclement weather and predators probably confers strong fitness benefits. How animals use their environment can be mediated by their personality (e.g. risk-taking), but does personality mediate how overwintering species select refugia? Snow cover is a dynamic winter characteristic that can influence crypsis or provide below-the-snow refugia. We explored how wintering ruffed grouse ( Bonasa umbellus ) selected snow roosting sites, a behaviour that reduces stress and cold exposure. We linked selection for approximately 700 roosts with survival of 42 grouse, and showed that grouse generally selected deeper snow and warmer areas. Grouse found in shallow snow were less likely to survive winter. However, individuals that selected deep snow improved their survival, suggesting that demographic consequences of selecting winter refugia are mediated by differences in personality . Our study provides a crucial, and seldom addressed, link between personality in resource selection and resulting demographic consequences.

Luna I Moon Colony: An Adapted Format for Analysis of Group Decision-Making in a Competitive Setting

1974 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 411-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phillip L. Hunsaker ◽  
David M. Hunsaker
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Group Decision Making ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Group Decision ◽  
Experimental Simulation ◽  
Simulation Game ◽  
Intergroup Competition ◽  
And Training ◽  
Selection Of

An experimental simulation is described as a method for measuring and training decision-making by groups under complex conditions and intergroup competition. The method employs a simulation-game including selection of goals, relevance of strategy, risk-taking, consistency, competition, and other potential components. Similarities to a previously described simulation as well as the additional dimensions of the adapted simulation-game are discussed.

scholarly journals Foreign Exchange Rates: Legal Aspects and the Management and Minimization of Risk

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 429-449
Author(s):  
Rafael Mariano Manóvil
Keyword(s):  
Exchange Rates ◽  
Foreign Exchange ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
The Political ◽  
Foreign Exchange Rates ◽  
Currency Risk ◽  
Selection Of

The profitability of an international economical contract is directly linked to the currency determined in it and to the risks of potential foreign exchange variations. The length of the contract and the political and economical stability of the concerned country define the magnitude of the risk. The author explains various means available to the contracting parties to minimize the currency risk: taking into consideration Argentina, in many ways an unstable country, he explains the elements that must be taken into account for the selection of the payment currency and the drafting of the contract. He then itemizes the clauses that can be inserted in a contract so as to insure that it will be effectively executed in the determined currency while underlining that many of these clauses do not have any effect due to the legislation of certain countries.

CEO Sports Hobby and Firms' Tax Aggressiveness

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuqing Luo ◽  
Terry Shevlin ◽  
Lirong Shi ◽  
Aimee Shih
Keyword(s):  
Risk Taking ◽  
Financial Incentives ◽  
Tax Planning ◽  
The Self ◽  
Psychology Research ◽  
Corporate Tax ◽  
Tax Aggressiveness ◽  
Self Selection ◽  
Alternative Measures ◽  
Selection Of

Recent accounting research suggests that individual executives play a significant role in shaping a firm's tax planning. Building on psychology research that finds sports interests reflect an individual's risk-taking preferences, we develop a novel measure of innate and non-pecuniary CEO risk attitudes based on the riskiness of CEOs' sports hobbies and examine whether the measure is associated with corporate tax aggressiveness. We find that firms managed by CEOs with riskier sports hobbies are more aggressive in their tax planning. This association is more pronounced for CEOs with greater financial incentives and greater power in making decisions. Our results are robust to using alternative measures of CEO sports risks, and after accounting for the self-selection of the disclosure of CEO sports hobbies.

Heuristic selection of portfolio based on coefficient of optimism

GIS Business ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Dilip Roy ◽  
Soma Panja Chowdhury
Keyword(s):  
Risk Taking ◽  
Heuristic Method ◽  
Value Systems ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Expected Return ◽  
Human Value ◽  
Optimal Criterion ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Variance ◽  
Selection Of

The mean-variance method developed by Markowitz (1959) was aimed at obtaining optimizing portfolios. But selection of portfolio in the real world mostly deviates from this optimal criterion. In this paper we have considered this issue from an altogether different aspect and developed means for aiming at nearly optimum portfolio. We considered the risk taking propensity as the main driving force and presented a heuristic method to reach the near to the optimal state. For doing so, we have introduced the coefficient of optimism in the decision making process and simultaneously considered conditional optimum portfolio and corresponding heuristic portfolio. In the extreme situations three different human value systems can be considered as optimistic, pessimistic and risk planner. To examine the closeness between the heuristic and optimum portfolios we have carried out empirical analysis covering ten years data of fifteen companies from Nifty (2000-09). Regarding the choice of companies we have adopted random selection technique. From empirical study we have found that for moderate values of the coefficient of optimism a heuristic investor’s decision nearly coincides with the corresponding optimum portfolio. However, for extreme situations i.e. optimistic and pessimistic situations heuristic portfolio differs from optimum portfolio. Keywords: Expected return, risk, optimum portfolio, heuristic portfolio, coefficient of optimism.

scholarly journals Risk-taking behavior of bull-headed shrikes that recently colonized islands

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shoji Hamao ◽  
Hisahiro Torikai ◽  
Midori Yoshikawa ◽  
Yutaka Yamamoto ◽  
Tugeru Ijichi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Taking ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
Rattus Rattus ◽  
Predation Rate ◽  
Nest Site Selection ◽  
Predator Species ◽  
Black Rat ◽  
Lanius Bucephalus ◽  
Risk Taking Behavior ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract Individuals which have invaded urbanized environments are reported to engage in riskier behaviors, possibly influenced by the scarcity of predators in urbanized areas. Here, we studied the risk-taking behavior of birds which had invaded a new natural environment, rather than an artificial urban environment, using recently established populations of the bull-headed shrike Lanius bucephalus, which naturally colonized three subtropical islands in Japan. We compared flight initiation distance (FID), the distance at which an individual approached by a human initiates flight, between the islands and the temperate mainland. FID was longer for the insular shrikes compared with the mainland shrikes after controlling for other factors, indicating that the individuals which had invaded a new natural environment had a lower propensity for risk-taking. A possible explanation for these results is that low risk-taking behavior might be adaptive on the islands due to predation by the black rat Rattus rattus, an unfamiliar predator not found in shrike habitats on the temperate mainland. Further studies are needed to examine the nest predation rate, predator species, and nest site selection of these insular shrike populations.

scholarly journals Conflict between Threat Sensitivity and Sensation Seeking in the Adolescent Brain: Role of the Hippocampus, and Neurobehavioural Plasticity Induced by Pleasurable Early Enriched Experience

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 268
Author(s):  
Alberto Fernández-Teruel
Keyword(s):  
Risk Taking ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Sensation Seeking ◽  
Developmental Studies ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Early Life Adversity ◽  
Reward Seeking ◽  
Regulatory Systems ◽  
Selection Of

Adolescence is characterized both by the exacerbation of the experience of anxiety, fear or threat, on one hand, and by increased reward seeking (reward sensitivity) and risk taking on the other hand. The rise of these apparently opposite processes, i.e., threat-related anxiety and reward-related sensation seeking, seems to stem from a relatively decreased top-down inhibition of amygdala and striatal circuits by regulatory systems (e.g., prefrontal cortex, hippocampus) that mature later. The present commentary article aims to discuss recent related literature and focusses on two main issues: (i) the septo-hippocampal system (in particular the ventral hippocampus) might be a crucial region for the regulation of approach–avoidance conflict and also for the selection of the most appropriate responses during adolescence, and (ii) developmental studies involving early-life pleasurable-enriched experience (as opposed to early-life adversity) might be a useful study paradigm in order to decipher whether neuroplasticity induced by such experiences (for example, in the hippocampus and associated circuitry) may lead to better top-down inhibition and more “balanced” adolescent responses to environmental demands.

Effect of explicit deposit insurance premium on the moral hazard of banks’ risk-taking: Around the globe

2018 ◽  
Vol 05 (02) ◽  
pp. 1850012
Author(s):  
Raheel Mumtaz ◽  
Imran Abbas Jadoon
Keyword(s):  
Moral Hazard ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Deposit Insurance ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Banking System ◽  
Insurance Premium ◽  
Empirical Estimation ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Small Banks ◽  
Selection Of

The adoption of explicit deposit insurance increases the moral hazard of banks’ risk-taking, caused by the decrease in depositors’ discipline. Based on the contract theory, this study probes whether the inception of risk-based deposit insurance premium may limit the moral hazard of banks’ risk-taking triggered by the deposit insurance. This study conducted the analysis on 2,196 banks of 125 countries, covered by the Bankscope database from 2002 to 2014 period. The hierarchical linear models (HLM) were used for empirical estimation of research models. The findings revealed that risk-based deposit insurance premium deteriorated the moral hazard of banks’ risk-taking, incited by the enactment of explicit deposit insurance, while this effect was high for the small banks. Therefore, the small banks were more stable and positively affected by the selection of risk-based deposit insurance premium as compared to the larger counterparts. However, it cannot eliminate this negative effect completely. Hence, the implementation of the premium structure by policymakers on the finding of this study encouraged the depositors and investors’ confidence in the banking system around the globe.

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