Evolution in Design Methodology for Complex Electric Ships

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Vittorio Bucci ◽  
Giorgio Sulligoi ◽  
Julie Chalfant ◽  
Chryssostomos Chryssostomidis
Keyword(s):  
Early Stage ◽  
Traditional Approach ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Regulatory Requirements ◽  
Development Cycle ◽  
Final Design ◽  
New Methodologies ◽  
Computational Resources ◽  
The Impact

Modern ships are highly complex technological systems and have a long and resource-intensive development cycle. Moreover, the final design must comply with many specific technical and regulatory requirements while constraining the capital and operational expenditures. Decisions made during the early stages of design have a large impact on ship functionality and determine the overall configuration of the ship; the advanced computational resources available today can be used to change the traditional approach to ship design, significantly improving the data available for these early-stage decisions. Moreover, the new methodologies can improve the ability to assess the impact of innovative technologies such as those inherent in the complete electrification of ships, and can simultaneously allow visualization of a three-dimensional (3D) virtual prototype of the designs. In this article, a methodological approach is presented that exemplifies these advantages.

Developing a mentoring programme in the chemical industry

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Santos ◽  
Cláudia Pereira ◽  
Daniel Silva ◽  
Maria Antónia Cadilhe ◽  
Liliana Cunha
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Industry ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Training Programme ◽  
Work Situation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
New Employees ◽  
Know How ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyse a programme designed to welcome and train new employees, implemented in a chemical industry, privileging the transmission of know-how as a dynamic process where learning is co-constructed in the course of the activity. Design/methodology/approach The design of the programme was based on the analysis of the work performed in real context by operators and supervisors. The data about the programme’s evaluation were collected by questionnaire, assessing the trainees’ global development and the impact of the training programme (after six months). Findings This paper involves designing, planning and implementing “4 × 4 Training”, a training programme for young trainees. Combining in-class training with an extensive component of on-the-job mentoring, the programme involved trainees, mentors and internal trainers, monitored by work psychologists. The results show both the trainees and the mentors evaluate the programme positively. The professional transmission stands out as an activity that is thought through and defined in group, assisted by a mentoring relationship of mutual learning. Practical implications When planning and developing intergenerational transmission processes, it is crucial to consider the organisational conditions, to involve from an early stage the key players of each work situation and to guarantee that the mentoring activity and the productive activity overlap coherently. Originality/value It is an innovative process to integrate trainees in the chemical industry in Portugal. The methodological approach and the findings provide a first framework that justifies the relevance of the transmission of know-how through a real work situation.

A Delphi-based approach for detecting key e-learning trends in postgraduate education

2017 ◽  
Vol 59 (6) ◽  
pp. 590-604 ◽  
Author(s):  
Blanca Lopez-Catalan ◽  
Victor A. Bañuls
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Delphi Study ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
National Level ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Postgraduate Education ◽  
Content Type ◽  
E Learning ◽  
Education Administrators ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to present the results of national level Delphi study carried out in Spain aimed at providing inputs for higher education administrators and decision makers about key e-learning trends for supporting postgraduate courses. Design/methodology/approach The ranking of the e-learning trends is based on a three-dimensional analysis that combines the cost of implementation, the impact of each trend on learning outcomes and the diffusion forecast among postgraduate courses in the time horizon. The authors use the Delphi method for managing an expert panel. Findings Mobile learning, gamification, social media and open education are found as some of the key e-learning trends that might have greater educational impacts in postgraduate programs in the next years. These results are expected to help educational institutions to plan future positioning strategies depending on their starting positions, resources and intentions to innovate. Originality/value Educational managers and planners need to identify priority issues and principal trends in higher education in order to raise their innovative offer and to maintain competitiveness. The results might help them. Moreover the indicator and the methodological approach is a novelty in the field.

scholarly journals HYDRAULIC RISK ASSESSMENT IN ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES SUPPORTED BY AN INTEGRATED DIGITAL SURVEY – CFD (COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS) MONITORING APPROACH

2021 ◽  
Vol XLVI-M-1-2021 ◽  
pp. 155-163
Author(s):  
G. D’Agostino ◽  
M. Figuera ◽  
V. Pennisi ◽  
G. Russo ◽  
M. Sanfilippo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Models ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Laser Scanner ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Archaeological Heritage ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Main Entrance

Abstract. This paper presents a methodological approach for analysing and evaluating hydraulic risks in complex archaeological areas, and thereby substantially improve general preservation and conservation efforts involving cultural heritage.The hypogeum of Calaforno (province of Ragusa, Sicily) represents a unique sample of rock-cut architecture in terms of size and architectural features, and an ideal candidate for the case study due to its high historical, archaeological and cultural significance, as well as its intrinsic fragility and criticality associated with hydrogeological and seismic factors.The interdisciplinary research approach involved archaeological and engineering contributions towards the development of numerical models for the assessment of hydraulic risks threatening archaeological heritage. The morphological characteristics of the site rendered the use of a Laser Scanner necessary for three-dimensional survey.The prehistoric structures currently undergoing excavation outside the main entrance of the monument have raised concerns regarding the impact of the Manna stream, which flows a few meters from the main entrance to the hypogeum, which has seen periodic flooding in some of its rooms. Simulations of these flooding events were performed in order to attain better understanding of the hydraulic phenomena influencing the site, especially regarding the dynamics associated with surface runoff.The interdisciplinary approach to this research, combining in-depth archaeological expertise with digital 3D surveying and modelling technologies, has proven fundamental to the effective monitoring of this morphologically complex site, and should perhaps be considered integral to any preventive assessment and risk management initiative involving cultural heritage.

Turbocharger Power for Future Railway Applications

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Doetl ◽  
David-Austin Pesten ◽  
Olivier Bernard ◽  
Bent Phillipsen
Keyword(s):  
Power Efficiency ◽  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Appropriate Technology ◽  
Injection Timing ◽  
Regulatory Requirements ◽  
Variable Turbine Geometry ◽  
Development Cycle ◽  
Engine Design ◽  
Emission Regulations ◽  
The Impact

The design requirements of exhaust gas turbochargers for diesel locomotive applications are becoming more stringent. Some of the major drivers are meeting emission regulations and power demands, whilst maintaining the required levels of reliability and serviceability. These increasingly demanding requirements are significantly impacting the design of modern diesel-electric locomotives. In order to achieve these sometimes conflicting requirements, appropriate technology needs to be employed to both the engine and turbocharger design. Given that there are a number of possibilities one has with the engine design, including fuel injection timing and equipment, valve timing, compression ratio etc., this paper will focus on turbocharging and the development cycle of ABB Turbo Systems Ltd. new TPR61 locomotive turbocharger. Starting with the demanding operating environment for locomotive turbochargers and market and regulatory requirements (increasing power, efficiency and reliability — decreasing emissions and bsfc), the impact these have on turbocharger design will be shown. Based on proven ABB technology, the TPR61 is a special derivative, targeted for turbocharging locomotive diesel engines with ratings of up to 4000 hp per turbocharger or over 6000 hp locomotives with a twin turbocharger solution. For future requirements, the compressor stage development potential and also Variable Turbine Geometry (VTG) will be discussed, how it can be applied and the benefits it can bring to locomotive applications of the future.

Practical electron tomography

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 742-743
Author(s):  
C.L. Woodcock
Keyword(s):  
Electron Tomography ◽  
Tomographic Reconstruction ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
3D Shape ◽  
Computational Resources ◽  
Shape Of Particles

Despite the potential of the technique, electron tomography has yet to be widely used by biologists. This is in part related to the rather daunting list of equipment and expertise that are required. Thanks to continuing advances in theory and instrumentation, tomography is now more feasible for the non-specialist. One barrier that has essentially disappeared is the expense of computational resources. In view of this progress, it is time to give more attention to practical issues that need to be considered when embarking on a tomographic project. The following recommendations and comments are derived from experience gained during two long-term collaborative projects.Tomographic reconstruction results in a three dimensional description of an individual EM specimen, most commonly a section, and is therefore applicable to problems in which ultrastructural details within the thickness of the specimen are obscured in single micrographs. Information that can be recovered using tomography includes the 3D shape of particles, and the arrangement and dispostion of overlapping fibrous and membranous structures.

The methodological approach for the determination of the pressure of artificial raindrops as a question of the theory of splash soil erosion

2020 ◽  
pp. 24-28
Author(s):  
Mihail Zver'kov
Keyword(s):  
Block Diagram ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Effective Pressure ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Splash Erosion ◽  
Rain Drops ◽  
Artificial Rain ◽  
The Impact

To the article the results of the theoretical and experimental researches are given on questions of estimates of the dynamic rate effect of raindrop impact on soil. The aim of this work was to analyze the current methods to determine the rate of artificial rain pressure on the soil for the assessment of splash erosion. There are the developed author’s method for calculation the pressure of artificial rain on the soil and the assessment of splash erosion. The study aims to the justification of evaluation methods and the obtaining of quantitative characteristics, prevention and elimination of accelerated (anthropogenic) erosion, the creation and the realization of the required erosion control measures. The paper considers the question of determining the pressure of artificial rain on the soil. At the moment of raindrops impact, there is the tension in the soil, which is called vertical effective pressure. It is noted that the impact of rain drops in the soil there are stresses called vertical effective pressure. The equation for calculation of vertical effective pressure is proposed in this study using the known spectrum of raindrops. Effective pressure was 1.4 Pa for the artificial rain by sprinkler machine «Fregat» and 5.9 Pa for long distance sprinkler DD-30. The article deals with a block diagram of the sequence for determining the effective pressure of rain drops on the soil. This diagram was created by the author’s method of calculation of the effective pressure of rain drops on the soil. The need for an integrated approach to the description of the artificial rain impact on the soil is noted. Various parameters characterizing drop erosion are considered. There are data about the mass of splashed soil in the irrigation of various irrigation machinery and installations. For example, the rate (mass) of splashed soil was 0.28…0.78 t/ha under irrigation sprinkler apparatus RACO 4260–55/701C in the conditions of the Ryazan region. The method allows examining the environmental impact of sprinkler techniques for analyzes of the pressure, caused by raindrops, on the soil. It can also be useful in determining the irrigation rate before the runoff for different types of sprinkler equipment and soil conditions.

Regulatory and sustainability initiatives lead to improved polyaminopolyamide epichlorohydrin (PAE) wet-strength resins and paper products

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (09) ◽  
pp. 519-532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Crisp ◽  
Richard Riehle
Keyword(s):  
Health And Safety ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Worker Safety ◽  
Regulatory Requirements ◽  
Wet Strength ◽  
The Past ◽  
Consumer Safety ◽  
Federal Institute ◽  
Sustainability Initiatives ◽  
The Impact

Polyaminopolyamide-epichlorohydrin (PAE) resins are the predominant commercial products used to manufacture wet-strengthened paper products for grades requiring wet-strength permanence. Since their development in the late 1950s, the first generation (G1) resins have proven to be one of the most cost-effective technologies available to provide wet strength to paper. Throughout the past three decades, regulatory directives and sustainability initiatives from various organizations have driven the development of cleaner and safer PAE resins and paper products. Early efforts in this area focused on improving worker safety and reducing the impact of PAE resins on the environment. These efforts led to the development of resins containing significantly reduced levels of 1,3-dichloro-2-propanol (1,3-DCP) and 3-monochloropropane-1,2-diol (3-MCPD), potentially carcinogenic byproducts formed during the manufacturing process of PAE resins. As the levels of these byproducts decreased, the environmental, health, and safety (EH&S) profile of PAE resins and paper products improved. Recent initiatives from major retailers are focusing on product ingredient transparency and quality, thus encouraging the development of safer product formulations while maintaining performance. PAE resin research over the past 20 years has been directed toward regulatory requirements to improve consumer safety and minimize exposure to potentially carcinogenic materials found in various paper products. One of the best known regulatory requirements is the recommendations of the German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), which defines the levels of 1,3-DCP and 3-MCPD that can be extracted by water from various food contact grades of paper. These criteria led to the development of third generation (G3) products that contain very low levels of 1,3-DCP (typically <10 parts per million in the as-received/delivered resin). This paper outlines the PAE resin chemical contributors to adsorbable organic halogens and 3-MCPD in paper and provides recommendations for the use of each PAE resin product generation (G1, G1.5, G2, G2.5, and G3).

The impact of regulatory requirements on systemically important banks: Global practices, evidence from Russia

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 1071-1085
Author(s):  
E.B. Starodubtseva ◽  
◽  
M.B. Medvedeva ◽  
O.M. Markova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regulatory Requirements ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Systemically Important Banks

Specifics of creating an effective system of project financing of innovation and investment activities of dairy subcomplex enterprises

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (9) ◽  
pp. 1951-1969
Author(s):  
S.A. Chernikova
Keyword(s):  
Financial Stability ◽  
Current Model ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Information Support ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Project Financing ◽  
Financing System ◽  
Management Of Innovation ◽  
Effective System ◽  
The Impact

Subject. The article considers the need to study the financing of investment and innovation processes and creating an effective system of project financing. Objectives. The purpose is to search for new opportunities to enhance the competitive advantages of enterprises of the dairy subcomplex, to ensure their financial stability and steady position in specialized agricultural food-product markets. Methods. The study draws on the theoretical and methodological approach to the impact of project management of innovation and investment activities on improving the efficiency of the project financing system and financial stability of enterprises operating in the dairy subcomplex. Results. The findings show that four levels can be distinguished in the formation and improvement of the system of project financing and the management of innovation and investment activities, depending on the depth of transformation. The principle that provides the integration of the said system with the current model of management of the dairy subcomplex enterprise is defined as a driver. The paper offers a number of levels of the system transformation to gain competitive advantages. Conclusions. I present a mechanism for creating and improving the system of project financing and the management of innovation and investment activities, and a mechanism for interaction of the network of automated information systems, intended to make management decisions, with the automation of information support to innovative solutions.

Analyzing the Impact of X-Ray Tomography on the Reliability of Integrated Circuits

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Halit Dogan ◽  
Md Mahbub Alam ◽  
Navid Asadizanjani ◽  
Sina Shahbazmohamadi ◽  
Domenic Forte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Circuits ◽  
Integrated Circuit ◽  
3D Imaging ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Serial Sectioning ◽  
Promising Technique ◽  
Flash Memories ◽  
X Ray ◽  
3D Information ◽  
The Impact

Abstract X-ray tomography is a promising technique that can provide micron level, internal structure, and three dimensional (3D) information of an integrated circuit (IC) component without the need for serial sectioning or decapsulation. This is especially useful for counterfeit IC detection as demonstrated by recent work. Although the components remain physically intact during tomography, the effect of radiation on the electrical functionality is not yet fully investigated. In this paper we analyze the impact of X-ray tomography on the reliability of ICs with different fabrication technologies. We perform a 3D imaging using an advanced X-ray machine on Intel flash memories, Macronix flash memories, Xilinx Spartan 3 and Spartan 6 FPGAs. Electrical functionalities are then tested in a systematic procedure after each round of tomography to estimate the impact of X-ray on Flash erase time, read margin, and program operation, and the frequencies of ring oscillators in the FPGAs. A major finding is that erase times for flash memories of older technology are significantly degraded when exposed to tomography, eventually resulting in failure. However, the flash and Xilinx FPGAs of newer technologies seem less sensitive to tomography, as only minor degradations are observed. Further, we did not identify permanent failures for any chips in the time needed to perform tomography for counterfeit detection (approximately 2 hours).

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