Smoking Behavior Changes during COVID-19 among Korean Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 1031-1040
Author(s):  
Mi Ah Han ◽  
Hae Ran Kim
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Smoking Behavior ◽  
Subjective Health ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
Behavior Changes ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Subjective Health Status ◽  
Lower Education Level ◽  
Community Health Survey ◽  
Lower Education

Objectives: In this study, we investigated the changes in smoking behavior during the COVID-19 outbreak in Korea in 2020. We also examined the influence of general characteristics and mental health problems due to COVID-19 on changes in smoking behavior. Methods: We collected data from August to October 2020 from adults aged 19 years and older from the Korea Community Health Survey (N=229,269). Results: Among current smokers (N=39,534), 11.0% reported an increase in smoking, and 12.8% reported a decrease in smoking. Overall, 33.3% reported perceived stress and 3.7% reported depression. Participants reported COVID-related anxiety about infecting family (83.0%), economic damage (76.3%), blame or harm from others (66.5%), infection (60.6%), and death (31.3%). Lower education level, living alone, and poor subjective health status were associated with increased smoking. Being a woman and being of older age were associated with decreased smoking. Stress, depression, and anxiety about economic damage due to COVID-19 were more likely to result in increased smoking. Anxiety related to death due to COVID-19 was more likely to result in decreased smoking. Conclusion: These findings provide insight into the changes in smoking behavior caused by COVID-19.

scholarly journals Analysis of the Associations between Arthritis and Fall Histories in Korean Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 3758
Author(s):  
Jung Woo Lee ◽  
Seong Hun Kang ◽  
Hyo Geun Choi
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Status ◽  
Subjective Health ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Prevalence Rates ◽  
Risk Of Falling ◽  
Subjective Health Status ◽  
Entire Life ◽  
Korean Adults ◽  
Community Health Survey ◽  
Region Of Residence

(1) Background: the purpose of the present study was to analyze the associations between arthritis and fall histories in Korean adults. (2) Methods: data from the 2015 and 2017 Korean Community Health Survey were analyzed. In total, 322,962 participants aged ≥40 years were included. The participants were divided into two different groups. First, the participants were divided into the ‘arthritis (osteoarthritis or rheumatoid arthritis) for entire life’ and ‘nonarthritis for entire life (comparison I)’ groups. Subsequently, the participants were divided into the ‘current arthritis’ and ‘noncurrent arthritis (comparison II)’ groups. Afterwards, we analyzed the prevalence odds ratios (pORs) of the fall histories of the participants using a logistic regression analysis with the 95% confidence interval (CI). The variables of income, education level, region of residence, smoking status, alcohol consumption, obesity, subjective health status, stress level, physical activity, and sleep hours were adjusted for as covariates. (3) Results: both the arthritis for entire life and current arthritis groups had higher prevalence rates of falls than the comparison I and comparison II groups, respectively (each p < 0.001). The pORs of falling ≥1 time and ≥2 times per year in the arthritis for the entire life group were 1.42 (95% CI = 1.38–1.46) and 1.69 (95% CI = 1.62–1.76), respectively. The adjusted pORs for falling ≥1 time and ≥2 times per year in the current arthritis group were 1.35 (95% CI = 1.31–1.39) and 1.56 (95% CI = 1.50–1.63), respectively. (4) Conclusions: previous arthritis has a significant impact on the risk of falling.

scholarly journals Familienstruktur und Gesundheit von Kindern und Jugendlichen

2009 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-193
Author(s):  
Susanne Seyda ◽  
Thomas Lampert
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Family Structure ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Subjective Health ◽  
Family Resources ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Subjective Health Status ◽  
Psychische Auffälligkeiten ◽  
The Family

This article analyses the influence of the family on the development of children concerning the probability to smoke, to have mental health problems and the subjective health status. We also control for the influence of family resources (family coherence, parenting skills, parent-child relationship) and enquire if potential negative effects of family structure can be compensated for by good family resources. After controlling a broad set of variables we found that family resources are an important factor for explaining the development of children but do not affect the influence of family structure. When controlling for health conditions of the children and health behavior of the parents the impact of family structure weakens (smoking, mental health problems) or diminishes (subjective health status). We found that parents in non-traditional families with good or above average family resources can partly compensate for negative effects of the family structure. Zusammenfassung Die Studie untersucht anhand der Daten des Kinder- und Jugendgesundheitssurveys die Frage, ob die Familienstruktur die Gesundheit von Kindern in Deutschland beeinflusst. Dabei werden das aktuelle Rauchen, psychische Auffälligkeiten und der subjektive Gesundheitszustand betrachtet. Es wird auch das Vorhandensein von familiären Ressourcen (familiärer Zusammenhalt, Familienklima und Erziehungsverhalten) berücksichtigt. Es findet sich ein negativer Effekt der Familienstruktur, der auch durch die Berücksichtigung von Schutzfaktoren kaum reduziert wird. Der Einfluss der Familienstruktur verringert sich (Rauchen, psychische Auffälligkeiten) oder verschwindet (subjektiver Gesundheitszustand), wenn auch gesundheitliche Faktoren von Eltern und Kindern berücksichtigt werden. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass Elternteile in nicht-traditionellen Familien negative Effekte der Familienstruktur nur teilweise durch gute oder überdurchschnittliche familiäre Ressourcen kompensieren können: Für das Risiko zu rauchen konnten keine Kompensationseffekte festgestellt werden. Bei psychischen Auffälligkeiten reduzieren gute und überdurchschnittliche familiäre Ressourcen das Risiko für Auffälligkeiten. Hinsichtlich des subjektiven Gesundheitszustands gibt es kaum Kompensationseffekte.

scholarly journals Association among smoking, depression, and anxiety: findings from a representative sample of Korean adolescents

PeerJ ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. e1288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haewon Byeon
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Nationwide Survey ◽  
Subjective Health ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
School Life ◽  
Subjective Health Status ◽  
Korean Adolescents ◽  
Promotion Policies ◽  
Korean Study ◽  
Using Data

This study investigated the relationship between smoking and depression and anxiety using data from a nationwide survey representing Korean adolescents. Subjects were 6,489 adolescents in middle and high school (age 13–18) who had participated in the 2011 Korean Study of Promotion Policies on Children and Adolescents—Mental Health (KSPCAM). Daily smoking number of times for current smokers was classified as 1–2 times, 2–4 times and over 5 times. The odds ratio for the statistical test was presented using hierarchical logistic regression. When adjusted for covariates (gender, age, household economy, type of residing city, type of school, school record, satisfaction with school life, subjective health status, satisfaction with relationship with parents, and drinking experience), smokers more significantly likely to have depression (OR = 1.27, 95% CI [1.02–1.57]), and anxiety (OR = 1.49, 95% CI [1.14–1.96]) than non-smokers (p< 0.05). In addition, adolescents who smoke more than 5 cigarettes a day were 1.5 times more likely to have depression (OR = 1.48, 95% CI [1.13–1.92]) and anxiety (OR = 1.49, 95% CI [1.07–2.08]) than those who do not smoke. Smoking in adolescence was found to be significantly related with depression and anxiety. To promote the mental health of adolescents, effective smoking cessation programs are required.

scholarly journals Resilience: A Protective Factor from Depression and Anxiety in Mexican Dialysis Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (22) ◽  
pp. 11957
Author(s):  
Cristina J. González-Flores ◽  
Guillermo García-García ◽  
Abel Lerma ◽  
Héctor Pérez-Grovas ◽  
Rosa M. Meda-Lara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kidney Transplant ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Cognitive Distortion ◽  
Psychological Resilience ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Lower Education Level ◽  
Lower Education ◽  
Esrd Patients

Depression and anxiety are highly prevalent psychological disorders in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) that have a negative clinical impact. The purpose of our study was to identify factors associated with the presence of depression and anxiety, in a sample of ESRD patients treated with hemodialysis. We included 187 patients from two dialysis facilities, age 18–65 years. Beck’s depression and anxiety inventories, KDQOL36 questionnaire, the cognitive distortion scale and the Mexican scale of resilience were used. Socio-demographic and clinical information was obtained from medical records. Depression was present in 143 (76.4%) patients. Patient with depression were older (33 (26–52) years vs. 30 (24.43) years, p = 0.025), had a lower education level (36% vs. 9%, p = 0.001), used more medications (67% vs. 36%, p = 0.001), had a comorbidity (75% vs. 41%, p = 0.001), and a higher proportion were waiting for a kidney transplant. Anxiety was present in 112 (59.8%) cases. By multivariate analysis, depression was independently associated with lower education, absence of previous kidney transplant, anxiety, higher cognitive distortion, lower psychological resilience, and lower quality of life scores. In conclusion, lower psychological resilience, lower education level, and higher cognitive distortions are factors associated with depression and anxiety in ESRD patients.

The Effect of Exercise Participation in Elderly on Subjective Health Status, Depression and Life Satisfication

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 495-500
Author(s):  
Younpyo Lee ◽  
Su-keun Park ◽  
Jae-ho Khil ◽  
Sungho Maeng ◽  
Jungwon Shin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Subjective Health ◽  
Subjective Health Status ◽  
Exercise Participation

scholarly journals Health Status of Healthcare Professionals Working in an Institute for Chronically Ill Psychiatric Patients

2015 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-52
Author(s):  
Katalin Nagyváradi ◽  
Zsuzsa Mátrai
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Chronically Ill ◽  
Subjective Health ◽  
The State ◽  
State Of Health ◽  
Subjective Health Status ◽  
Objective Health

AbstractSeveral research works in the related international literature on sociology and health sciences deal with the state of health in one selected population. In these studies, the chosen sample is often connected with special jobs, especially with healthcare professionals and their working conditions. These studies predominantly examine the self-rated subjective health status using questionnaires. There are others that assess the state of health based not only on self-rated subjective indicators, but also using objective data gained by measuring. Considering the international experiences, we chose a special population in our research – healthcare professionals working in an institute for chronically ill psychiatric patients. Our choice was influenced by the fact that we wanted to include their unique working conditions when exploring and assessing their health status. Moreover, our approach was to assess the objective state of health alongside the subjective factors, as our hypothesis was that the majority of the indicators presumably coincided. The data were collected with the help of three questionnaires and some indicators of the objective health statuses were measured. The findings were processed using the SPSS 17.0 mathematical-statistical software package. Following the descriptive statistics, we applied hierarchic cluster-analysis based on results of the WHOQOLD-BREF26 life-quality questionnaire, the WHO WBI-5 Well Being Index, and on the body composition analysis. The results show the objective and subjective health status of population and the factors that influenced it; the working conditions and the interpersonal contacts in the workplace. The conclusion was that in the examined population the subjective and objective health status doesn’t coincide.

scholarly journals Development of a Nomogram for Predicting Depression in the Elderly Using Patient Health Questionnaire-9 among a Nationwide Sample of Korean Elderly

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 645
Author(s):  
Haewon Byeon
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Subjective Health ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Subjective Health Status ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Moderate Intensity Physical Activity ◽  
Patient Health ◽  
Intensity Physical Activity ◽  
Major Depressive Disorders

This cross-sectional study developed a nomogram that could allow medical professionals in the primary care setting to easily and visually confirm high-risk groups of depression. This study analyzed 4011 elderly people (≥60 years old) who completed a health survey, blood pressure, physical measurement, blood test, and a standardized depression screening test. A major depressive disorder was measured using the Korean version of the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). This study built a model for predicting major depressive disorders using logistic regression analysis to understand the relationship of each variable with major depressive disorders. In the result, the prevalence of depression measured by PHQ-9 was 6.8%. The results of multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that the major depressive disorder of the elderly living alone was significantly (p < 0.05) related to monthly mean household income, the mean frequency of having breakfast per week for the past year, moderate-intensity physical activity, subjective level of stress awareness, and subjective health status. The results of this study implied that it would be necessary to continuously monitor these complex risk factors such as household income, skipping breakfast, moderate-intensity physical activity, subjective stress, and subjective health status to prevent depression among older adults living in the community.

scholarly journals Dual impacts of coronavirus anxiety on mental health in 35 societies

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvia Xiaohua Chen ◽  
Jacky C. K. Ng ◽  
Bryant P. H. Hui ◽  
Algae K. Y. Au ◽  
Wesley C. H. Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
Psychological Adaptation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Subjective Health ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Emotional Symptoms ◽  
Perceived Vulnerability

AbstractThe spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has affected both physical health and mental well-being around the world. Stress-related reactions, if prolonged, may result in mental health problems. We examined the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health in a multinational study and explored the effects of government responses to the outbreak. We sampled 18,171 community adults from 35 countries/societies, stratified by age, gender, and region of residence. Across the 35 societies, 26.6% of participants reported moderate to extremely severe depression symptoms, 28.2% moderate to extremely severe anxiety symptoms, and 18.3% moderate to extremely severe stress symptoms. Coronavirus anxiety comprises two factors, namely Perceived Vulnerability and Threat Response. After controlling for age, gender, and education level, perceived vulnerability predicted higher levels of negative emotional symptoms and psychological distress, whereas threat response predicted higher levels of self-rated health and subjective well-being. People in societies with more stringent control policies had more threat response and reported better subjective health. Coronavirus anxiety exerts detrimental effects on subjective health and well-being, but also has the adaptive function in mobilizing safety behaviors, providing support for an evolutionary perspective on psychological adaptation.

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