scholarly journals The efficiency of androgenesis in vitro in anther culture of soft wheat winter varieties and their different generations hybrids

1970 ◽  
pp. 194-197
Author(s):  
I. S. Zambriborshch ◽  
O. L. Shestopal ◽  
M. S. Boiko ◽  
H. O. Dobrova ◽  
S. V. Ahafonova
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Anther Culture ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Culture In Vitro ◽  
Winter Bread Wheat ◽  
Effective Technology ◽  
Androgenesis In Vitro ◽  
Soft Winter Wheat ◽  
Wheat Hybrids

Aim. To estimate the level of in vitro haploproduction androgenic ability of different generations populations (F1, F2) soft winter wheat hybrids of the same combination to maximize the use of biotechnology cereals. Methods. Obtaining of bread wheat double haploid lines by anther culture in vitro. The statistical methods. Results. The influence different generation of wheat hybrids on the processes of induction and regeneration in anther culture of winter bread wheat were studied. The 21 green plants-regenerants were received. Conclusions. The using of anthers of the second generation simple hybrids as donor material for the effective technology creation of doubled haploid of bread winter wheat was shown.Keywords: wheat, anther culture in vitro, callus, regeneration, generation simple hybrids.

scholarly journals The testing of haploproduction ability of soft winter wheat different hybrids in anther culture in vitro

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 207-211
Author(s):  
I. S. Zambriborshch ◽  
O. L. Shestopal ◽  
M. S. Chekalova ◽  
E. A. Golub
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Anther Culture ◽  
Hybrid Population ◽  
Culture In Vitro ◽  
Green Plants ◽  
Ability To Regenerate ◽  
Androgenesis In Vitro ◽  
Soft Winter Wheat ◽  
Range Of Variation

Aim. Study the the efficiency of androgenesis in vitro in anther culture of different genotyps winter wheat. Methods. Obtaining of soft winter wheat double haploid lines by anther culture in vitro. The statistical methods. Results The ability to androgenesis in an in vitro anthers culture of 30 soft winter wheat genotypes was tested. The differences in the frequency of callus induction and the ability to regenerate plants in the process of androgenesiss in vitro of winter soft wheat were detected. The range of variation haploproduction activiti (from % of implanted anthers) was broad. The sign of "the formation of callus" was in limited from 0 to 13.2 % and on the sign of "regeneration of green plants" – from 0 to 1.8 %. The 126 green plants-regenerants were received. Conclusions. Genotype-specific of microspores morphogenetic reactions of soft winter wheat in the process of androgenesis in vitro were revealed. It is advisable to use the anthers from the F2 hybrid population plant as a donor material to create an effective technology for producing double haploids of soft winter wheat was shown. Keywords: wheat hybrid, anther culture in vitro, callus, regeneration.

scholarly journals Genotypic features of morphogenetic reactions of varieties and hybrids F1 of winter soft wheat during various stages of androgenesis in vitro

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 252-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. S. Zambriborshch ◽  
O. L. Shestopal ◽  
M. S. Boyko
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Anther Culture ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Soft Wheat ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Green Plants ◽  
Ability To Regenerate ◽  
Androgenesis In Vitro ◽  
Soft Winter Wheat

Aim. Testing the haploproduction ability of 47 varieties and 143 F1 hybrids of winter bread wheat. Methods. In vitro culture of isolated anthers of wheat. The percentage of callus and regeneration of green plants for each genotype calculated as a percentage of the planted anthers. Results. The differences in the frequency of сallus induction and the ability to regenerate plants in the process of androgenesiss in vitro of winter soft wheat were detected. The range of variation haploproduction activiti was broad. The sign of "the formation of сallus" for varieties was in limited from 0 to 21.2 % and for hybrids – from 0 to 38.8 %; on the sign of "regeneration of green plants" for varieties – from 0 to 9.4 %, and for hybrids from 0 to 9.1 %. The positive effect of 1BL/1RS translocation on signs of haploproduction in anther culture Triticum aestivum L. Conclusions. Genotype-specific of microspores morphogenetic reactions of soft winter wheat in the process of androgenesis in vitro were revealed. It has been found that F1 hybrids have a higher potential production potential in anther culture than varieties. During the period from 2011 to 2017, the 580 lines of winter wheat were transferred to the breeding departments. Keywords: soft winter wheat, anther culture in vitro, callus, regeneration.

scholarly journals Stabilization of soft wheat selection material which is the result of crossing with wild relatives

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 83-87
Author(s):  
I. S. Zambriborshch ◽  
O. L. Shestopal ◽  
T. P. Nargan ◽  
M. S. Chekalova
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Anther Culture ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Wild Relatives ◽  
Soft Wheat ◽  
Ability To Regenerate ◽  
Androgenesis In Vitro ◽  
Callus Regeneration ◽  
Soft Winter Wheat

Aim. Testing the haploproduction ability of 30 hybrids of winter soft wheat. Methods. In vitro culture of isolated anthers of wheat. The percentage of callus and regeneration of green plants for each genotype calculated as a percentage of the planted anthers. Results. The differences in the frequency of callus induction and the ability to regenerate plants in the process of androgenesiss in vitro of winter soft wheat were detected. The microspores of 17 of 30 hybrids formed callus by in vitro anther culture were shown. The intensity of one process was different: more than half of the genotypes (18 pcs.) were characterized by a low percentage of callus (from 0.10 to 1.0%), 6 genotypes - medium (from 1.0 to 3.0%), and three - high (4.36%; 15.11% and 15.81%, respectively). Conclusions. Genotype-specific of microspores morphogenetic reactions of soft winter wheat in the process of androgenesis in vitro were revealed Samples P26 and P27 showed the highest level of callus formation. The 10 green regenerating plants were obtained. Keywords: hybrids, soft winter wheat, anther culture in vitro, callus, regeneration.

scholarly journals Effect of medium gelatinized component on the effectiveness of androgenesis in vitro Oryza sativa L.

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 178-180
Author(s):  
I. S. Zambriborshch ◽  
O. L. Shestopal ◽  
D. V. Shpak ◽  
A. O. Dobrova ◽  
S. O. Ignatova
Keyword(s):  
Anther Culture ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Modified Starch ◽  
Culture In Vitro ◽  
Chemically Modified ◽  
Androgenesis In Vitro ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Callus Regeneration

Aims. To study the effect of chemically modified starch D–5aM in the culture medium on the efficiency of androgenesis in vitro in anther culture of rice. Methods. Obtaining of rice double haploid lines by anther culture in vitro. The statistical methods. Results The influence different variants of gellatyne source in culture medium on the processes of induction and regeneration in anther culture of rice were studied. The 119 green plants-regenerants were received. Conclusions. The negative effect on the formation of green regenerants using a gel-forming components of the chemically modified starch D–5aM was shown. Keywords: rice, anther culture in vitro, callus, regeneration, chemically modified starch.

scholarly journals Development of haploids in the winter bread wheat anthers

2021 ◽  
pp. 21-26
Author(s):  
N. V. Kalinina
Keyword(s):  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Nutrient Medium ◽  
Correlation Factor ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Regeneration Rate ◽  
Green Plants ◽  
Winter Bread Wheat ◽  
Haploid Production ◽  
Wheat Hybrids

In the modern world, the use of isolated anther cultivation technology is currently an integral part of the wheat breeding process. The development of haploids in the winter bread wheat anthers will allow obtaining new forms of wheat in the shortest possible time and without large areas. The purpose of the current study was to estimate the F3 winter bread wheat hybrids according to the anthers’ sensitivity to androgenesis and plant regeneration in vitro and to identify the factors affecting the yield of haploid production. There has been studied the ability to androgenesis in vitro in the anthers of four winter bread wheat hybrids of intensive and semi-intensive type of the FSBSI “ARC “Donskoy”. There has been assessed the role of the mineral composition of three induction nutrient media N6, W14 and NPB-99. There has been established a correlation between the main stages of development of haploids and a genotype. The highest regeneration rate of green plants was obtained in the sample F3 623 of intensive type (3.3%). The most suitable medium for androgenesis of the winter bread wheat anthers in vitro is NPB-99. Since the genotype F3 623 of intensive type demonstrated high values of haploid production capacity, it could be successfully used in breeding programs for the rapid production of homozygous wheat anther lines in vitro. Using two-way analysis of variance, there has been identified a correlation between the effects of a genotype, nutrient medium and their interaction with the main parameters of haploid formation in winter wheat. The formation of embryogenic structures is mainly associated with the effect of a genotype (46.52%). The proportion of the nutrient composition of the medium was low (1.82%), and the correlation factor was 2.1%. The genotype had the greatest effect on the indicator of the regenerants’ number. The nutrient medium had little effect. Regarding the regeneration of green plants, which is the main indicator of the haploid production, the share of a genotype effect was the largest (47.32%). The contribution of the medium and the correlation of factors were less important, but statistically significant.

scholarly journals The choice of the terms and methods of nitrogen additional fertilizing for winter bread wheat in the southern part of the Rostov region

2020 ◽  
pp. 43-47
Author(s):  
A. A. Sukharev ◽  
G. M. Zelenskaya
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Economic Effect ◽  
Wheat Variety ◽  
Scattering Method ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Winter Bread Wheat ◽  
Productivity Increase ◽  
Control Variant

The current paper has presented the results of three years’ study (2012–2014) of the application of various terms and methods of nitrogen additional fertilizing for the winter bread wheat variety “Stanichnaya”. There has been studied efficiency of various terms and methods of nitrogen additional fertilizing with various forecrops. There has been identified an effect of these additional fertilizing on winter bread wheat productivity according to the forecrops. In the control variant, the productivity of the variety according to the forecrop depended greatly on the forecrops: 5.52 t/ha (weedfree fallow), 5.26 t/ha (peas), 4.29 t/ha (maize for grains) and 3.57 t/ha (winter wheat). There has been identified large productivity in the autumn ammonium nitrate fertilizing by the scattering method (in all variants of the forecrops), the productivity raised on 0.38–0.73 t/ha. The study has shown that the economic effect of the ammonium nitrate fertilizing in the autumn was also at maximum profitability, 76–154%, and the conditional net income was 10 675–22 955 rubles/ha. The efficiency of ammonium nitrate fertilizing by the scattering method in the spring on thawed/frozen soil was lower, the productivity increase ranged from 0.21 t/ha sown after peas to 0.65 t/ha sown after maize. Root additional fertilizing with a seeder gave a positive effect only when the variety was sown after for winter wheat and maize, in that case the productivity increase was 0.52 t/ha and 0.46 t/ha, respectively. The conditional net income in these variants exceeded the control variant on 1574–2123 rubles/ha. Carbamide (urea) additional fertilizing was only effective for the variety sown after maize, where the productivity increase was 0.40 t/ha, but profitability (100%) and conditional net income (16 593 rubles/ha) were lower than with ammonium nitrate fertilizing by the scattering method in the spring (112% and 18 080 rubles/ha respectively).

scholarly journals Efficiency of spring barley haploid production in anther culture in vitro: comparison of basic and improved technologies

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 178-183
Author(s):  
O. V. Bilinska ◽  
P. G. Dulnyev
Keyword(s):  
Plant Regeneration ◽  
Anther Culture ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Gelling Agent ◽  
Improved Method ◽  
Cold Pretreatment ◽  
Culture In Vitro ◽  
Chemically Modified ◽  
Modified Starches

Aim. Evaluation of innovative methodological approaches elaborated on model genotypes for usability to increase frequencies of morphogenic structure induction and plant regeneration in anther culture in vitro in spring barley diverse material. Methods. Spikes isolated from F1 and F2 hybrids of four crosses were pretreated using an improved method (4ºC, 28 days), and anthers were inoculated onto nutrient media containing chemically modified starches D5-M and D5a-1 instead of agar. In control cut tillers were emerged in water and pretreated at 4ºC for 5 days. Anthers were cultivated on agar solidified medium. Results. Positive effects of the improved method of cold pretreatment and cultivation of anthers on media solidified with starches were confirmed. The advantage of new gelling agent D5a-1 was proved. Particularly, its usage resulted in a three-fold increase in the frequency of green plant regeneration. Conclusions. In order to increase spring barley androgenic haploid yield, combination of prolonged cold pretreatment with anther cultivation on media solidified with chemically modified starches instead of agar in an integrated technological process is reasonable. Keywords: Hordeum vulgare L., anther culture in vitro, cold pretreatment, starch, agar, embryo formation, plant regeneration.

scholarly journals Assessment of potential winter hardiness in winter bread wheat cultivars and genotypes by analyzing autofluorescence in seedling tissues

2021 ◽  
Vol 182 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-40
Author(s):  
I. V. Karkhardin ◽  
A. A. Konovalov ◽  
N. P. Goncharov
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Fluorescence Analysis ◽  
Cinnamyl Alcohol Dehydrogenase ◽  
Frost Tolerance ◽  
Phenylpropanoid Pathway ◽  
Winter Hardiness ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Winter Bread Wheat

Background.Winter crops are the most productive component of agricultural biocenoses. In Russia, winter wheat suffers the greatest losses in winter, so a search for traits marking high or low winter hardiness in autumn-sown genotypes, including improved cultivars, is needed to assess their potential for overwintering. One of such markers of high winter hardiness is an increased lignin content in plant tissues. The terminal enzyme in the phenylpropanoid pathway of metabolism, wherein lignin components are formed, is cinnamyl-alcohol dehydrogenase (CAD, EC 1.1.1.195). In plants, the CAD enzyme is one of the links in the aromatic metabolism, which generates, in addition to lignin, a number of aromatic compounds, such as lignans, aromatic glycosides, etc. Many of these compounds, like lignin, contain chromophore groups and are capable of autofluorescence.Correlations of the genotypes that incorporate CAD1-F with overwintering are studied in this work.Materials and methods.The winter bread wheat cultivars ‘Zitnica’ (Yugoslavia) and ‘Novosibirskaya 9’ (ICG SB RAS, Russia), contrasting in winter hardiness and CAD isozyme spectra, their hybrids, and 28 improved winter cultivars developed in Krasnodar were selected for the study. Fluorescence analysis of 28 winter wheat cultivars was also performed. Correlation coefficients between fluorescence and frost tolerance were calculated using the results of the analysis of 7 most contrasting cultivars.Conclusions. The tested winter bread wheat genotypes demonstrated the interplay between CAD1-F and successful overwintering: a correlation was found in the genotypes carrying the 00 CAD1-F allele with higher percentage of overwintered plants. This dependence was not observed in every season. The analysis of seedling sections for fluorescence can also be used for preliminary assessment of winter tolerance in winter bread wheat under laboratory conditions.

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