Assessment of winter bread wheat samples for yield and ecological plasticity

Aim. The aim of our work was to evaluate winter wheat samples on yielding and environmental plasticity for further use as a initial material to create a variety adapted to the Forest-steppe conditions. Methods. Working collection of 30 varieties of Ukrainian and foreign breeding on yield and economically valuable features was characterized in the field condition of Forest-Steppe. Regression analysis was used to determine the coefficient of ecological stability and plasticity. Results. The results of the study of breeding samples indicate the difference in yielding of the genotypes. Varieties that characterized by high environmental plasticity and yield and significantly outperformed the standard variety Podolyanka were Akteur (235 g/m2), Voloshkova (222 g/m2), Smuhlianka (241 g/m2), Lisova Pisnia (283 g/m2), Sarlota (215 g/m2), Perlyna Lisostepu (266 g/m2), Polisska-90 (237 g/m2), Stolychna (290 g/m2). Conclusions. The results obtained indicate that the tested varieties have high potential productivity and respond positively to the improvement of growing conditions, so they can be used as parent components in the creation of high-intensity varieties for Polissia and Forest-steppe. Keywords: winter bread wheat, plasticity, stability, adaptability.

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Stability and plasticity of grain weight per spike, 1000-kernel weight and yield of mid-high and semi-dwarf genotypes of winter bread wheat

Genetičnì resursi roslin (Plant Genetic Resources) ◽

10.36814/pgr.2019.25.06 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 81-93

Author(s):

A.V. Yarosh ◽

V. K. Riabchun ◽

O. O. Chetveryk ◽

Yu. O. Chernobai

Keyword(s):

Bread Wheat ◽

Geographical Origin ◽

Regression Coefficient ◽

Kernel Weight ◽

Grain Weight ◽

Environmental Response ◽

Breeding Programs ◽

Winter Bread Wheat ◽

Growing Conditions ◽

The Stability

Aim. To determine the stability and plasticity of the grain weight per spike, 1000-kernel weight and yield of mid-high and semi-dwarf winter bread wheat accessions. Results and Discussion. We determined the stability and plasticity of the grain weight per spike, 1000-kernel weight and yield of mid-high and semi-dwarf winter bread wheat accessions. The meteorological conditions during the vegetation periods in 2015-2018 made it possible to differentiate winter bread wheat accessions by stability and plasticity of the grain weight per spike, 1000-kernel weight and yield. The best winter bread wheat accessions of the NCPGRU’s collection, which were distinguished by grain weight per spike, 1000-kernel weight and yield, were evaluated for their stability degree (Sd) and plasticity level by regression coefficient. It was found that the proportion of accessions with high homeostaticity (bi <1) for the traits under investigation, which was most typical for mid-genotypes, was 70.6% for the yield, 64.7% for the 1000-kernel weight and 58.8% for the grain weight per spike, which is important for breeding for adaptability. Sources of high homeostaticity with a regression coefficient of <1 for the grain weight per spike (Zorepad Bilotserkovskyi, Anatoliia (UKR)); 1000-kernel weight (Krasa Laniv (UKR); Ilona (SVK)); yield (Pochaina, Krasa Laniv (UKR); Adel, Kazachka (RUS); OR2070011 (USA); Ilona (SVK), Darunok Podillia (UKR)) were singled out. In addition, we selected accessions with a wide environmental response (bi> 1), which can best fulfill their yield capacity under improved growing conditions or on an increased soil fertility, for the grain weight per spike (Zorepad Bilotserkovskiy, Anatoliia (UKR)); 1000-kernel weight (Harmonika, Prynada (UKR), Moskvich (RUS), Aran (AZE)); yield (Biloretskovskyi Zorepad, Prynada (UKR), Morozko, Vid (RUS)). Conclusions. The study of collection material of different eco- geographical origin enabled us to identify new sources of grain weight per spike, 1000-kernel weight and yield with increased environmental plasticity and stability, the use of which in breeding programs will contribute to the development of new highly productive and more valuable genotypes. Sources of high homeostaticity in winter bread wheat are valuable starting material to develop new highly adaptive varieties.

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Adaptability of winter bread wheat by homeostaticity and breeding value

Genetičnì resursi roslin (Plant Genetic Resources) ◽

10.36814/pgr.2021.28.03 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 36-47

Author(s):

AV Yarosh ◽

VK Riabchun

Keyword(s):

Bread Wheat ◽

Starting Material ◽

Breeding Value ◽

Forest Steppe ◽

Wheat Varieties ◽

Average Value ◽

Winter Bread Wheat

Aim. To determine the adaptability of modern winter bread wheat varieties by homeostaticity and breeding value of their yields in the northeastern forest-steppe of Ukraine. Results and Discussion. The adaptability of modern winter bread wheat varieties was determined by homeostaticity and breeding value of their yields in the northeastern forest-steppe of Ukraine. It was found that, in mid-tall genotypes, homeostaticity (Hom) ranged 22.6 to 84.5 with a higher breeding value (Sc = 3.49–6.32) compared to semi-dwarf accessions (Hom = 18.9–56, 3 and Sc = 3.16–4.99, respectively). Korovaina (Hom = 84.5) and Vyhadka (Hom = 75.8) (UKR) are highly homeostatic mid-tall accessions. As to the semi-dwarf group, MV Nador (HUN) was the best in terms of this trait (V = 10.8%; Hom = 56.3). We demonstrated that the shares of the middle-homeostatic accessions were 28.6% in the mid-tall group and 30.8% in the semi-dwarf group; the shares of the low-homeostatic accessions were 57.1% and 69.2%, respectively. We selected sources with the highest breeding value for this parameter of adaptability, which exceed its average value in the experiment (Sc = 4.9). They include Metelytsia Kharkivska (Sc = 6.32), Korovaina (Sc = 6.16), Raihorodka (Sc = 6.00), Vyhadka (Sc = 5.74), Zoloto Ukrainy (Sc = 5.63), Darynka Kyivska (Sc = 5.42), and Hubernator (Sc = 5.08) (UKR). The shares of sources distinguished due to their breeding value are 50% in the mid-tall group and 38.5% in the semi-dwarf group. Conclusions. Korovaina (Hom = 84.5; Sc = 6.16) and Vyhadka (Hom = 75.8; Sc = 5.74) (UKR) are the most significant mid-tall genotypes that combine high homeostaticity and breeding value. The sources of adaptability identified in the study of homeostaticity and breeding value are valuable starting material to create new highly adaptive and promising varieties of winter bread wheat in the northeastern forest-steppe of Ukraine.

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The new winter bread wheat variety of universal type ‘Donskaya Step’

Agrarian science ◽

10.32634/0869-8155-2021-352-9-76-80 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 76-80

Author(s):

O. V. Skripka ◽

A. P. Samofalov ◽

S. V. Podgorny ◽

S. N. Gromova ◽

V. L. Chernova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bread Wheat ◽

Wheat Variety ◽

Maximum Yield ◽

The State ◽

Wheat Bread ◽

Standard Variety ◽

North Caucasus ◽

Winter Bread Wheat ◽

Bread Wheat Variety ◽

Variety Testing

Introduction and methodology. Wheat bread belongs to the greatest inventions of the mankind. Therefore, the study aimed at solving the issues of improving its productivity and quality, stabilizing the gross yield of wheat grain have always arisen a great interest of researchers and specialists in agricultural production. The most accessible source of improving yields and gross harvests is a variety.The purpose of the current study was to characterize the winter bread wheat variety ‘Donskaya Step’ according to the main economically valuable traits and properties. The study was carried out by the FSBSI “ARC “Donskoy”” from 2016 to 2020 on the experimental plots of crop rotation belonging to the winter wheat department. The object of the study was the winter bread wheat variety ‘Donskaya Step’. The variety ‘Ermak’ was used as a standard variety. There were used four forecrops: maize for grain, peas, sunflower and green fallow. The trials were conducted in sixfold replications. The accounting area of the plot was 10 m2.Results. The variety was sent to the State Variety Testing in 2016. In 2020 it was introduced into the State List for the North Caucasus and Low Volga regions of the Russian Federation. This variety has a high potential for grain productivity. The maximum yield of 11.83 t/ha was obtained in 2017 when sown in weedfree fallow. The average yield through four years of the competitive variety testing (2016–2020) was 9.77 t/ha, which is on 0.96 t/ha higher than that of the standard variety ‘Ermak’. The variety ‘Donskaya Step’ is a middle-maturing variety that forms ears and ripens as the standard variety ‘Ermak’. The variety forms high and stable yields due to increased frost resistance, drought resistance and resistance to the main wheat leaf diseases.

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Formation and variability of test weight in winter bread wheat genotypes (Triticum aestivum L.) depending on the growing season conditions, preceding crops and sowing dates

Naukovì dopovìdì Nacìonalʹnogo unìversitetu bìoresursiv ì prirodokoristuvannâ Ukraïni ◽

10.31548/dopovidi2021.03.005 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

O. A. Demydov ◽

◽

V. М. Hudzenko ◽

І. V. Pravdziva ◽

N. V. Vasylenko ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bread Wheat ◽

Green Manure ◽

Growing Season ◽

Sowing Date ◽

Test Weight ◽

Forest Steppe ◽

General Tendency ◽

Wheat Genotypes ◽

Winter Bread Wheat ◽

Sowing Dates

The study aimed to identifying peculiarities of formation and variability of grain test weight in winter bread wheat genotypes depending on the growing season conditions, sowing dates and different preceding crops. The studies were conducted at The V.M. Remeslo Myronivka Institute of Wheat of the NAAS of Ukraine during 2016-17–2018-19 growing seasons. There were estimated 17 winter bread wheat genotypes that were sown in three sowing dates after five preceding crops. Test weight was evaluated according to the State Standard 10840–64. Statistical processing was performed with using programs Statistica 8.0, Excel 2013. It was revealed the significant effect of growing season conditions on grain test weight in winter bread wheat varieties in environments of Ukrainian Forest-Steppe. Significant differences in responses of the genotypes under study on sowing date after different preceding crops were revealed. The most effect of sowing dates on test weight was established in the variety MIP Vidznaka, while the most effect of preceding crops was established in the varieties MIP Yuvileina, Podolianka, MIP Lada, and MIP Darunok. In general, maximal test weight was formed after green manure and the minimal one was after soybeans as preceding crop. The general tendency of decrease in grain test weight with shift in sowing dates from September 26 to October 16 after preceding crops green manure, mustard, sunflower, soybeans was revealed. The sowing date October 05 was optimal for the varieties MIP Valensiia, Estafeta myronivska, MIP Lada after green manure, for the varieties Podolianka, Trudivnytsia myronivska, Hratsiia myronivska, MIP Dniprianka, MIP Lada after mustard, for the varieties Podolianka, Trudivnytsia myronivska, Balada myronivska, Hratsiia myronivska, MIP Assol after sunflower, for the varieties Trudivnytsia myronivska, Estafeta myronivska after maize, for the varieties Podolianka, Trudivnytsia myronivska after soybeans. The varieties MIP Vyshyvanka, Trudivnytsia myronivska, Balada myronivska, Estafeta myronivska, MIP Dniprianka, MIP Vidznaka, and MIP Yuvileina were identified which exceeded significantly the standard variety Podolianka in test weight on average by years of the research, sowing dates, and preceding crops.

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Grain quality of the winter bread wheat varieties and lines in the Rostov region

Grain Economy of Russia ◽

10.31367/2079-8725-2020-72-6-101-107 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 101-107

Author(s):

N. S. Kravchenko ◽

O. A. Nekrasova ◽

N. G. Ignatieva ◽

I. M. Oldyreva ◽

Yu. N. Alty-Sadykh

Keyword(s):

Bread Wheat ◽

Grain Quality ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Wheat Varieties ◽

Rostov Region ◽

Winter Bread Wheat ◽

Growing Conditions ◽

The Stability ◽

Variety Testing

Grain quality of winter bread wheat is an urgent issue in Russia and in the world. The traits and properties of grain that characterize the quality are formed in the field under the effect of weather and climatic conditions. The current study was carried out in 2017–2019. The objects of the study were 12 varieties and 3 promising lines of winter bread wheat of the Competitive Variety Testing. The variety ‘Ermak’ was used as a standard variety. The purpose of the study was to carry out a comparative estimation of grain quality of the varieties and promising lines of winter bread wheat, to identify the variation of traits over the years and to determine the effect of growing conditions on the formation of grain quality. There has been established that the studied varieties and lines formed nature weight from 799 g/l (the variety ‘Aksiniya’) to 830 g/l (‘Yubiley Dona’) and corresponded to the 1-st quality class. There have been identified the varieties ‘Etyud’ (62%; Cv = 6.6%), ‘Ermak’ (62%; Cv = 7.0%) and the line ‘1005/14’ (68%; Cv = 8.1%) with a combination of high values of the general hardness and insignificant variation of the trait over the years. There has been determined that the variety ‘Nakhodka’ (14.11%; Cv = 3.6%) and the line ‘1261/13’ (14.10%; Cv = 6.1%) were characterized by the maximum protein percentage and low values of the coefficient of variation. There has been established that the varieties ‘Aksiniya’ (4.5 points; 7.9%) and ‘Tanais’ (4.0 points; 2.5%) combined a high baking value with the stability of the trait. When estimating the effect of the factors “genotype”, “year of study” and their correlation on the characteristics of grain quality, there has been found that general hardness (52.59%), mass fraction of grain protein (58.31%), dough deformation (57, 78%), valorimetric value (46.01%), volume of bread (41.77%) and general baking assessment (51.24%) were largely dependent on genotype. The growing conditions had an effect on the formation of the quantity and quality of gluten and the P/l ratio.

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Yielding capacity and adaptability of winter bread wheat breeding lines in environment of Ukrainian Forest-Steppe

Myronivka Bulletin ◽

10.31073/mvis201909-05 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (0) ◽

pp. 35-42

Author(s):

N. P. Zamlila ◽

O. A. Demydov ◽

H. B. Volohdina ◽

S. I. Voloshchuk ◽

O. V. Humeniuk

Keyword(s):

Bread Wheat ◽

Wheat Breeding ◽

Forest Steppe ◽

Breeding Lines ◽

Yielding Capacity ◽

Winter Bread Wheat

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INFLUENCE OF SEEDS AGE ON BIOMETRIC INDICATORS OF SWEET PEPPER UNDER CONDITIONS OF THE FOREST-STEPPE OF THE RIGHT-BANK OF UKRAINE

Agriculture and Forestry ◽

10.37128/2707-5826-2020-3-10 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 115-126

Author(s):

Serhii Vdovenko ◽

Pavlo Shvydkyi ◽

Oleh Zatolochnyi

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Sweet Pepper ◽

Laboratory Method ◽

Forest Steppe ◽

Pepper Plant ◽

Seedling Age ◽

Pests And Diseases ◽

The Difference ◽

Growing Conditions ◽

The Right

Sweet pepper takes one of the main places in the human diet among all vegetable plants. By the content of healthy vitamins, sweet pepper fruits have a better effect on the absorption of food than greenhouse cucumbers and tomatoes, and therefore sweet pepper is in great demand among consumers. The difference in the biometric and physiological parameters of sweet pepper of different age seedlings depends on the duration of growing seedlings. For the study, a sweet pepper variety of domestic selection Aphrodite was used. At the same time, biometric determinations were carried out over the sweet pepper plant: seedling height, stem diameter before planting, plant mass. The observation method monitored the onset of phenological phases of plant growth and development, and a laboratory method was used to determine biometric parameters. The appearance of the first leaf was established with clear control of the microclimate parameters and the provision of an appropriate irrigation regime. The formation of the first leaf was observed on the 7th day after emergence. It was proved that the formation of subsequent leaves, the growth of vegetative mass depended significantly on the age of the seedlings: the higher the seedling age, the more real leaves formed, due to the accumulation of dry matter in the leaves and the corresponding nutritional and temperature conditions. At the time of planting seedlings in open ground, at a constant place of vegetation, the plants were characterized by the presence of 4-6 real leaves, the height of the seedlings was 12-15 cm with a total weight of 10-12 g, there were no damage by pests and diseases on the surface of the leaves. As a result of different age of seedlings, studies have established that with a decrease in the age of seedlings, a tendency to delay flowering and fruiting was observed. The age of seedlings directly affects the budding of plants. So, in the variant where the seedlings are 60 days old, the period of budding was observed for 56 days, which was observed 1 day earlier than the control variant. Seedlings of sweet pepper aged 50 and 70 days passed into the budding phase for 57 days. However, seedlings aged 40 days showed a tendency to delay the onset of plant budding. It has been established that the height of the plant before planting ranged from 14.7 cm to 18.6 cm. The highest rate of plant growth has been distinquished in the variant where the seedlings were 70 days old. When using the seedling age of 70 days, the test value was 2 controls more than the control index. The option using 60 day old sweet pepper seedlings was characterized by slightly low leaf numbers. The experiments established that when using seedlings with an age of 40 days, the plants were characterized by the smallest number of leaves on the plant. The age of seedlings and biometric indicators depend on the growing conditions, the timely passage of the photosynthesis process, the provision of nutrients, water. When using the seedling age of 60-70 days, the biometric indicators of seedlings, namely the height of the plants, the number of glosses, the mass of the plant significantly exceeds the biometric indicators of seedlings with an age of 50 or 40 days. Keywords: sweet pepper, Aphrodite variety, seedling age, biometrics, vegetation, Right-Bank forest-steppe.

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Evaluation of Ecological Plasticity аnd Stability of Some Promising Varieties of Poplars

Lesnoy Zhurnal (Forestry Journal) ◽

10.37482/0536-1036-2020-5-119-130 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 119-130

Author(s):

A.P. Tsarev ◽

◽

V.A. Tsarev ◽

R.P. Tsareva ◽

N.V. Laur ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Steppe Zone ◽

Growth Conditions ◽

Forest Steppe ◽

Ecological Stability ◽

Southeastern Part ◽

Growth And Survival ◽

High Productivity ◽

Ecological Plasticity ◽

Volgograd Region ◽

Growing Conditions

When developing promising assortments of forest woody plants, it is important to take into account not only their growth and survival in some particular environment, but also their respond to change in growing conditions. In this regard, the purpose of this work is to evaluate the ecological plasticity and stability of some poplar varieties promising for the southeastern part of European Russia and Ukraine using the Eberhart and Russell method. The research was carried out on three testing sites: upland environment of the forest-steppe zone of the Voronezh region; floodplain environment of the dry steppe zone of the Volgograd region; and floodplain environment of the steppe zone of the Donetsk region. Five promising poplar varieties were identified and studied at each of the experimental sites. The indices of survival, growth in height and diameter, trunk volumes, and productivity by wood stocks and average increments are presented for each variety. Due to the average increments change with age, the ontogeny period from 21 to 30 years was chosen for the study, during which the average survival of poplars varies slightly. It was found that Regenerata, which is characterized by average plasticity and the lowest stability, was the most productive of the studied poplar varieties. It can perform high productivity only in the favorable environment. The poplar variety Pioneer demonstrated the least plasticity. Its productivity did not vary too much with change in growth conditions at average ecological stability. The highest plasticity at average ecological stability was observed in the Vernirubens variety. Average plasticity and stability were observed in poplar E.s.-38. The poplar variety Marilandica was also characterized by average plasticity, and high ecological stability. The research results allow using of the studied varieties more rational in different growing conditions, with regard to their environmental characteristics.

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Productivity and adaptability of winter bread wheat varieties developed by the SSE “Agricultural research center «Donskoy»” in the southern part of the Rostov region

TAURIDA HERALD OF THE AGRARIAN SCIENCES ◽

10.33952/2542-0720-2021-2-26-261-270 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2(26) ◽

pp. 261-270

Author(s):

V.L. Chernova ◽

◽

S.V. Podgorny ◽

O.V. Skripka ◽

A.P. Samofalov ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Adaptive Capacity ◽

Bread Wheat ◽

Plant Density ◽

Agricultural Research ◽

Breeding Value ◽

Research Center ◽

Ecological Stability ◽

Wheat Varieties ◽

Winter Bread Wheat ◽

Study Results

The current paper has presented the results of a five-year (2016–2020) study of nine winter bread wheat varieties (‘Aksinya’, ‘Nakhodka’, ‘Etyud’, ‘Shef’, ‘Donskaya Step’, ‘Yubiley Dona’, ‘Univer’, ‘Zodiak’, ‘Ermak’ – standard) developed in the SSE “Agricultural Research Center «Donskoy»” (city of Zernograd). In the competitive variety testing, they were scrutinized according to productivity, its elements, ecological stability, adaptability and breeding value. The purpose was to study the new winter bread wheat varieties of intensive type developed by the ARC “Donskoy” on productivity, adaptability and their indicators, as well as a balance between them, in order to identify new promising genotypes. According to the study results, it has been found that the average productivity was 9.32 t/ha in 2016–2020. The highest productivity was identified in the varieties ‘Univer’ (9.86 t/ha) and ‘Donskaya Step’ (9.76 t/ha). Structural analysis of the studied varieties has shown that their productivity was formed due to such elements as ‘productive plant density’ (variety ‘Shef’); ‘productive tilling capacity’ (variety ‘Etyud’); ‘number of spikelets per head’ (variety ‘Univer’); ‘number of kernels per head’ (variety ‘Ermak’); ‘1000-grain weight’ (variety ‘Zodiak’). While studying the varieties according to general adaptive capacity, such varieties as ‘Zodiak’ (0.10), ‘Donskaya Step’ (0.44) and ‘Univer’ (0.54) have been identified. Varieties ‘Yubiley Dona’ (1.07), ‘Donskaya Step’ (1.06), ‘Univer’ (1.05) and standard variety ‘Ermak’ (1.02) were found highly adaptable to environmental conditions, i.e. these varieties positively respond to the improvement of growing conditions and belong to the varieties of intensive type. Variety ‘Etyud’ (0.03) has demonstrated the maximum stability over the years of study, ‘Univer’ (0.60) and ‘Ermak’ (0.17) turned to be less stable. In our trials, all varieties had a breeding value almost at the same level, ranging from 5.10 (‘Ermak’) to 5.96 (‘Donskaya Step’). Taking into account the complex of such indicators as general adaptive capacity, stability and breeding value, varieties ‘Donskaya Step’ and ‘Univer’ can be referred to as the most adaptive ones among all studied in the current work.

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