scholarly journals Impact of dose rounding of cancer therapy on cost avoidance: a pilot study

2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 169-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nagwa Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Targeted Therapy ◽  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Cost Saving ◽  
Medical Oncology ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Potential Cost ◽  
Biologic Drugs ◽  
The Past ◽  
Chemotherapy Agents ◽  
Theoretical Cost

BACKGROUND: A significant and progressive cost rising in medical oncology due to the incorporation of novel and highly expensive drugs into clinical practice have been seen in the past ten years. Dose rounding is an option might be used in oncology settings to avoid extra cost. The purpose of this project is to determine the theoretical cost saving related to a dose rounding process for biological and chemotherapy agents in adult oncology settings and to determine the opinion of oncologists about dose rounding.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Data was obtained prospectively during April 2011. All chemotherapy and targeted therapy orders prescribed in adult oncology outpatient clinics as well as in-patient wards have been collected. We considered rounding to an amount within 15% for targeted therapy and 10% for cytotoxic drugs. Chemotherapy dosing was calculated according to body surface area. Prescriptions that include cancer therapy in doses that might be rounded according to study criteria were identified.RESULTS: Two hundred and thirty three orders of chemotherapy and targeted therapy were processed by Adult Oncology Satellite Pharmacy during the period of data collection. Forty percent of the collected prescriptions fulfilled the criteria. The potential cost savings from dose rounding per year was $192,800. Data was extrapolated from the determined monthly cost savings. The highest cost saving was for breast cancer orders $80,820 (42%), followed by colorectal cancer $47,965 (25%), while in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma cost savings was $ 45,107 (23%) and for other types of cancer that include non small cell lung cancer, prostate and ovarian cancer, in addition to head and neck cost savings was $18,867 (10%).CONCLUSIONS: Our experience confirms the significant cost savings of cancer therapy by applying dose rounding to chemotherapy and biologic drugs prescriptions. While clinical impact of the suggested percentage needs to be evaluated.

scholarly journals Potential cost-savings from the use of the biosimilars filgrastim, infliximab and insulin glargine in Canada: a retrospective analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerry Mansell ◽  
Hishaam Bhimji ◽  
Dean Eurich ◽  
Holly Mansell
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Glargine ◽  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Healthcare System ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Potential Cost ◽  
Biologic Drugs ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Time Period

Abstract Background In 2014 and 2015, biosimilars for the drugs filgrastim, infliximab, and insulin glargine were approved for use in Canada. The introduction of biosimilars in Canada could provide significant cost savings for the Canadian healthcare system over originator biologic drugs, however it is known that the use of biosimilars varies widely across the world. The aim of this study was to estimate the use of biosimilars in Canada and potential cost-savings from their use. Methods We performed a retrospective analysis of Canadian drug purchases for filgrastim, infliximab, and insulin glargine from July 2016 to June 2018. This was a cross-sectional study and the time horizon was limited to the study period. As a result, no discounting of effects over time was included. Canadian drugstore and hospital purchases data, obtained from IQVIA™, were used to estimate the costs per unit and unit volume for biosimilars and originator biologic drugs within each province. Potential cost-savings were calculated as a product of the units of reference originator product purchased and the cost difference between the originator biologic and its corresponding biosimilar. Results The purchase of biosimilars varied by each province in Canada, ranging from a low of 0.1% to a high of 81.6% of purchases. In total, $1,048,663,876 Canadian dollars in savings could have been realized with 100% use of biosimilars over the originator products during this 2 year time period. The potential savings are highest in the province of Ontario ($349 million); however, even in smaller markets (PEI and Newfoundland), $28 million could have potentially been saved. Infliximab accounted for the vast majority of the potential cost-savings, whereas the purchases of the biosimilar filgrastim outpaced that of the originator drug in some provinces. In sensitivity analyses assuming only 80% of originator units would be eligible for use as a biosimilar, $838 million dollars in cost savings over this two-year time period would still have been realized. Conclusions The overall use of biosimilar drugs in Canada is low. Policy makers, healthcare providers, and patients need to be informed of potential savings by increased use of biosimilars, particularly in an increasingly costly healthcare system.

scholarly journals Maximum potential cost-savings attributable to generic substitution of antipsychotics 2008 to 2013

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 356-363
Author(s):  
D. Husselmann ◽  
R. Joubert ◽  
J. R. Burger ◽  
M. S. Lubbe ◽  
M. Cockeran
Keyword(s):  
Cost Saving ◽  
Generic Substitution ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Community Treatment ◽  
Prescribing Patterns ◽  
Potential Cost Saving ◽  
Potential Cost ◽  
Total Potential ◽  
Nationally Representative

Background: Schizophrenia is a costly illness to treat, especially during a time of escalating medicine inflation costs, putting a large economic strain on patients, their families and the community. Treatment, however, can become more affordable through generic substitution.Objective: To determine the maximum potential cost-saving through generic substitution for both originator and more expensive generic items while observing the prescribing patterns of antipsychotics.Method: Antipsychotic medicine usage was analysed retrospectively during the study period 2008 to 2013 using data obtained from a nationally representative Pharmaceutical Benefit Management Company. The study population consisted of 4410 patients with ICD-10 codes (F20-F20.9) who had paid claims for an antipsychotic reimbursed from their prescribed minimum benefits. Active ingredients were identified using the MIMS classification system. Maximum potential cost savings were determined by substituting all originator and more expensive generic antipsychotic items with the cost of the least expensive generic antipsychotic item available.Results: Through generic substitution, a total potential cost-saving of ZAR4 642 685.45 could be possible from 2008 to 2013. Average cost per items increased from ZAR600.53 ± ZAR435.00 (median ZAR 539.82) in 2008 to ZAR1 196.59 ± ZAR 942.16 (median ZAR 940.72) in 2013 and had a significant effect on patients' contribution, which increased with 726.94% from 2005 to 2008. Psychiatrists prescribed the majority of antipsychotics. Although generic items claimed increased by 60.31% during the study period, psychiatrist still favoured non-generic prescribing (40.63%).Conclusions: Potential economic benefits can be generated with generic substitution.

scholarly journals Estimating healthcare costs of acute gastroenteritis and human campylobacteriosis in Switzerland

2016 ◽  
Vol 145 (4) ◽  
pp. 627-641 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. SCHMUTZ ◽  
D. MÄUSEZAHL ◽  
P. J. BLESS ◽  
C. HATZ ◽  
M. SCHWENKGLENKS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare System ◽  
Acute Gastroenteritis ◽  
Healthcare Costs ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Individual Treatment ◽  
Health Statistics ◽  
Potential Cost ◽  
The Past ◽  
Test Result ◽  
Human Campylobacteriosis

SUMMARYRising numbers of campylobacteriosis case notifications in Switzerland resulted in an increased attention to acute gastroenteritis (AG) in general. Patients with a laboratory-confirmed Campylobacter infection perceive their disease as severe and around 15% of these patients are hospitalized. This study aimed at estimating healthcare costs due to AG and campylobacteriosis in Switzerland. We used official health statistics, data from different studies and expert opinion for estimating individual treatment costs for patients with different illness severity and for extrapolating overall costs due to AG and campylobacteriosis. We estimated that total Swiss healthcare costs resulting from these diseases amount to €29–45 million annually. Data suggest that patients with AG consulting a physician without a stool diagnostic test account for €9·0–24·2 million, patients with a negative stool test result for Campylobacter spp. for €12·3 million, patients testing positive for Campylobacter spp. for €1·8 million and hospitalized campylobacteriosis patients for €6·5 million/year. Healthcare costs of campylobacteriosis are high and most likely increasing in Switzerland considering that campylobacteriosis case notifications steadily increased in the past decade. Costs and potential cost savings for the healthcare system should be considered when designing sectorial and cross-sectorial interventions to reduce the burden of human campylobacteriosis in Switzerland.

Cost Saving of Stress Ulcer Prophylaxis Used in Non-Intensive Care Unit (ICU) Inpatients

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-43
Author(s):  
Hening Pratiwi ◽  
Laksmi Maharani ◽  
Ika Mustikaningtias
Keyword(s):  
Cost Saving ◽  
Stress Ulcer ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Stress Ulcer Prophylaxis ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Potential Cost ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Ulcer Prophylaxis ◽  
American Society

Stress ulcer prophylaxis (SUP) is largely prescribed to ICU and non-ICU patients. SUP, an acid-suppressive drug, is overused in hospital settings mainly due to inadequate prescriptions in low-risk patients. In this context, the appropriate administration of SUP needs to be analyzed, and the potentially saved money from reducing excessive use can thereby be quantified. This study was intended to calculate potential cost savings in inappropriate SUP therapy in non-ICU inpatients. With a non-experimental retrospective design, it analyzed medical records and details obtained from the financial department of “X” hospital in Purwokerto, Indonesia. The data were collected from 80 non-ICU inpatients in May 2015, which were selected by purposive sampling. We calculated potential cost savings by referring to the American Society of Health-System Pharmacists (ASHP) guidelines that had been modified by Zeitoun (2011) for stress ulcer prophylaxis in non-ICU inpatients. The results showed that inappropriate indications and doses were found in 32.5% and 18% of selected patients, respectively. Before the cost-saving calculation, patients had to spend USD 2,411. However, after the analysis eliminated unnecessary SUP use, this number was proven to be potentially decreased by USD 512 to only USD 1,899. Based on the Wilcoxon Sign Rank Test result (p = 0.000 (≤ 0.05)), there was a significant difference between the total cost before and after the application of modified ASHP guidelines for appropriateness. After a thorough assessment, we concluded that the treatment cost could be reduced by identifying and excluding inappropriateness in SUP therapy.

scholarly journals Stability of Extemporaneously Prepared 0.5-Percent Caspofungin Eye Drops: a Potential Cost-Savings Exercise

2012 ◽  
Vol 56 (6) ◽  
pp. 3435-3437 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chin Fen Neoh ◽  
Jovan Jacob ◽  
Lok Leung ◽  
Jian Li ◽  
Angela Stathopoulos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Cost Saving ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Hplc Analysis ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Fungal Keratitis ◽  
Eye Drops ◽  
Potential Cost ◽  
The Cost

ABSTRACTWhile the successful use of topical caspofungin for patients has been reported, topical caspofungin is not commercially available and its stability is unknown, limiting its usefulness in treating fungal keratitis. Caspofungin (0.5%) eye drops were aseptically prepared, and the concentrations were measured using a validated high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis. The preparations remained stable for 28 days under refrigerated condition but not at 25.0°C. Our study supports the cost-saving use of caspofungin eye drops in the clinical setting.

Exploring Cost Savings with Specialty Biologic Drugs Administered to Adult Inpatients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease

2020 ◽  
pp. 001857872098543
Author(s):  
Stuart Pitman ◽  
Carey Jones ◽  
Steven Polyak ◽  
Alexandria Taylor ◽  
Diane Cerven-Jenn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Academic Medical Center ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
The United States ◽  
Inpatient Setting ◽  
Potential Cost ◽  
Biologic Drugs ◽  
Evaluation Team ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

Background: Specialty infusion and self-injectable biologic drugs for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are high-cost medications. When administered to hospital-admitted patients, these medications are not reimbursed on an individual basis but rolled into a per diem payment by most payers in the United States (US). Therefore, choosing to administer these medications in the inpatient setting may reveal negative financial implications for some health care institutions. Selecting an alternative site of care to administer these medications during the clinical management process may lead to cost savings. Objective: Review the clinical necessity of inpatient specialty biologic administrations for the treatment of IBD to identify and quantify potential cost saving opportunities. Methods: Using patient medical records at a US academic medical center, we retrospectively identified inpatient administrations of specialty infusion and self-injectable biologic medications for IBD treatment from June 1, 2016 to May 31, 2017. Guided by a standardized form, an evaluation team consisting of 3 of the investigators determined the clinical necessity of each specialty biologic medication administration within the inpatient setting. Costs and reimbursement rates for administration in both the inpatient and outpatient settings were procured and tabulated. Results: Seventeen inpatient specialty biologic administrations for IBD during the 12 month study period were identified. Of these, 11 administrations were given for the treatment of Crohn’s disease (CD) and 6 for ulcerative colitis (UC). The evaluation team determined that 65% of these administrations were clinically necessary as inpatient administrations, and that 35% were not. The sum of the wholesale acquisition costs (WAC) for clinically necessary inpatient biologic administrations totaled $54 737, and the WAC for those administrations deemed not clinically necessary totaled $43 702. Further analysis of administration events revealed that the institution could have realized an estimated $13 817 in additional revenue above the cost of the drug if eligible inpatient biologic administrations had been received in the institution’s outpatient clinic setting instead. Conclusion: Administering specialty biologic drugs for the treatment of IBD in the care setting best aligned with existing reimbursement structures may lead to institutional cost savings.

scholarly journals Cost-savings and potential cost-savings through the distribution of generic antiretroviral drugs within the statutory health insurance market of Germany between January 2017 and June 2019

2022 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthäus Lottes ◽  
Viviane Bremer ◽  
Christof Prugger ◽  
Christian Kollan ◽  
Daniel Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
Health Insurance ◽  
Cost Saving ◽  
Treatment Guidelines ◽  
Statutory Health Insurance ◽  
Generic Drugs ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Antiretroviral Drugs ◽  
Potential Cost ◽  
Defined Daily Doses ◽  
Tenofovir Alafenamide

Abstract Background Recent patent losses for antiretroviral drugs (ARV) have led to the debate of cost-saving through the replacement of patented drugs with generic drugs. The split of recommended single-tablet regimens (STR) into their single substance partners is one of the considerations mentioned in said debate. Particularly, generic tenofovir disoproxil/emtricitabine (TDF/FTC) is expected to hold untapped cost-saving potential, which may curb increasing overall expenditures for combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) within the statutory health insurance (SHI) of Germany. Methods Data of ARV reimbursed by the SHI were used to describe the trends of defined daily doses (DDD) as well as the revenue within the German ARV market. They were also used to determine the cost-savings of moving to generic drugs. The time period observed was between January 2017 and June 2019. The potential cost-savings were determined with following assumption in mind: the maximum possible use of generic ARV, including 1) the split of STR and replacing all substance partners with generic ones, and 2) replacing patented tenofovir alafenamide/emtricitabine (TAF/FTC) with generic TDF/FTC. Results Throughout the observation period, the DDD of generic ARV increased nearly five-fold while their revenue increased more than four-fold. Total cost-saving showed a sharp increase over the same period, with generic TDF/FTC accounting for a share of around 70%. The largest potential cost-saving could have been achieved through replacing patented TAF/FTC with generic TDF/FTC, peaking at nearly 10% of total revenue, but showing decreasing trends in general. Conclusion The progressive distribution of generic ARV ensured increasing cost-savings, but consequently curbed the potential cost-savings. Unique price reductions of generic TDF/FTC have played a pivotal role for these effects. In any case, substituting with generic ARV should not fail to adhere to the treatment guidelines and continue to consider the medical requirements for the treatment.

Atopic dermatitis: new horizons of therapy

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (7) ◽  
pp. 29-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. S. Kruglova ◽  
E. M. Gensler
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Immune Response ◽  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Targeted Therapy ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Bronchial Asthma ◽  
New Horizons ◽  
The Past

Over the past decades, the first breakthrough milestone in the treatment of severe forms of atopic dermatitis (AD) has been targeted therapy aimed at inhibiting IL-4 and IL-13. This was made possible thanks to advances in the understanding of the pathogenesis of AD, the driver of which is the Th2-type immune response, which also underlies such manifestations of atopy as bronchial asthma, allergic rhinitis, and polynosis. In the case of the Th2-type immune response, cytokines IL-4 and IL-13 are secreted, which are the main promoters of the inflammatory response in AD. Inhibition of IL-4 and IL-13 leads to the prevention of inflammation and is an effective approach to therapy. The use of therapy aimed at inhibition of cytokines allows you to effectively cope with the manifestations of severe and moderately severe blood pressure.

Integrated Tubulars Supply Model Provides Cost Savings to Drilling Projects

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Hamzah
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Potential Cost ◽  
Alternative Scheme ◽  
Safety Stocks ◽  
Storage Location ◽  
Supply Planning ◽  
Drilling Site ◽  
Drilling Project

Classical Oil Country Tubular Goods (OCTG) procurement approach has been practiced in the indus-try with the typical process of setting a quantity level of tubulars ahead of the drilling project, includ-ing contingencies, and delivery to a storage location close to the drilling site. The total cost of owner-ship for a drilling campaign can be reduced in the range of 10-30% related to tubulars across the en-tire supply chain. In recent decades, the strategy of OCTG supply has seen an improvement resulting in significant cost savings by employing the integrated tubular supply chain management. Such method integrates the demand and supply planning of OCTG of several wells in a drilling project and synergize the infor-mation between the pipes manufacturer and drilling operators to optimize the deliveries, minimizing inventory levels and safety stocks. While the capital cost of carrying the inventory of OCTG can be reduced by avoiding the procurement of substantial volume upfront for the entire project, several hidden costs by carrying this inventory can also be minimized. These include storage costs, maintenance costs, and costs associated to stock obsolescence. Digital technologies also simplify the tasks related to the traceability of the tubulars since the release of the pipes from the manufacturing facility to the rig floor. Health, Safety, and Environmental (HSE) risks associated to pipe movements on the rig can be minimized. Pipe-by-pipe traceability provides pipes’ history and their properties on demand. Digitalization of the process has proven to simplify back end administrative tasks. The paper reviews the OCTG supply methods and lays out tangible improvement factors by employ-ing an alternative scheme as discussed in the paper. It also provides an insight on potential cost savings based on the observed and calculated experiences from several operations in the Asia Pacific region.

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