scholarly journals Conversaçiones de Música a finals del segle XVI: el cas de l’acadèmia de Joan de Borja i Castro

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 312
Author(s):  
Ferran Escrivà-Llorca
Keyword(s):  
Focal Point ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
Modern Era ◽  
Multiple Variants ◽  
Tomas Luis De Victoria

Resum: Aquest article s’insereix dins del conjunt d’investigacions sobre la Cort dels Habsburgs. L’estudi de les acadèmies musicals és poc conegut. A partir d’algunes investigacions sobre acadèmies literàries, l’article focalitzarà en l’acadèmia musical que Joan de Borja i Castro tenia a Madrid. En aquest sentit, si el mecenatge literari cortesà ja és un tema amb múltiples variants, l’aproximació al patrocini d’altres activitats artístiques, com el cas de la música, ho és encara més. En les següents pàgines s’aprofundirà en les diverses facetes erudites de Joan de Borja amb el fil conductor de les acadèmies, com a centre d’intel·lectualitat, de creació i promoció cultural i també personal. Per aquesta acadèmia van passar alguns dels personatges del món musical ibèric més important de l’època com Francisco Guerrero o Tomás Luis de Victoria. Aquest article pretén mostrar la importància d’aquesta acadèmia com un punt neuràlgic del mecenatge musical de les darreres dècades del segle XVI.   Paraules clau: Joan de Borja, Borja, acadèmies, Habsburgs, Música, Madrid   Abstract: This work is part of the research on The Court of Habsburg in Modern Era. The study of music academies is not quite known. From few works on literary academies, this article will focus on the music academy that of Juan de Borja i Castro hold in Madrid. In this way, if the courtly literary patronage is already an issue with multiple variants, the approach to other artistic activities, such as the music, it is even more. In the following pages, it will delve into the various aspects of erudition of Juan de Borja with the thread of the academies, as a centre of intellectual, creative and cultural promotion and personal. Some of the most important composers of the Iberian World of that time, such as Francisco Guerrero or Tomás Luis de Victoria, were involved in this academy. The article aims to show the relevance of this cenacle as a focal point of the musical patronage in the last decades of the 16th century Spain. Keywords: Joan de Borja, Borja, academies, Habsburgs, Music, Madrid

scholarly journals Between Barbarism and Progress: Enlightenment Historical Writings on a Major Conflict in Russian History

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 388
Author(s):  
Sergei V. Sokolov
Keyword(s):  
18Th Century ◽  
Focal Point ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
Russian History ◽  
The Enlightenment ◽  
Modern Idea ◽  
Historical Writings

The dichotomy of barbarism and progress has long been a focal point for the discussions about Russia’s past and present. The discourse on Russian barbarism had been known in Europe since at least 16th century, but Enlightenment thinkers gave it a new shape by juxtaposing the ancient conception of barbarism with the rather modern idea of progress. In this article, Enlightenment historical writings are examined; the focus is on the question of how Russian history was studied in order to find signs of barbarism and the different guises of progress. The primary sources for the article are mainly Russian historical writings; however, relations and interactions between Russian and European intellectuals, as well as intellectual exchange and influence, are also noted. As there were no word “civilization” in 18th-century Russian, enlightenment was deemed by Russian thinkers as the antipode to barbarism. It is concluded that most Enlightenment writers saw Christianization as a step forward from barbarism in Russian history. Parallels between Russia and Scandinavia as they were drawn by August Schlözer are also analyzed. The article shows how the idea of conflict between barbarism and progress altered the understanding of Russian history in the Enlightenment.

scholarly journals براہوئی ٹی دروشینکاری اسہ پوسکنو لسانی وئیل اسے نا گھڑتی

Al-Burz ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-55
Author(s):  
Noureen Bano ◽  
Liaquat Ali Sani
Keyword(s):  
Focal Point ◽  
Basic Knowledge ◽  
Research Articles ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Core Theme ◽  
The Core ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Modern Era

This research articles reflects basic knowledge about terminology. The word "Droshenk" in Brahui translated as terminology.  The core theme of this article is to argument, which in modern era Brahui language strictly needs to produce terminology. As one side human being becoming busy in its life on other hand new inventions are taking and changing the world's languages. Simply languages are being affected by new creations. This article has clear argument that Brahui language for its promotion and preservation has to establish such institution which helps to create new literary terminology. Expressions can be inadequate to one or more languages like multilingual terminology and bilingual terminology or may have an interdisciplinary focal point on the use of terms in different fields.

scholarly journals Tafsîr Khuluqun ‘Adzîm: A Methodological Studies

Refleksi ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-251
Author(s):  
Saadatul Jannah
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
The Other ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Government ◽  
Modern Era ◽  
Methodological Studies

Since 16th century until the recent age, study commentary is increasing gradually in Indonesia. It was characterized by the spirit of produce commentaries from scholars of Indonesia (pre-modern) such as works of Abd al-Raûf al-Sinkilî (Tarjumân al-Mustafid), Syaikh Nawawî (Tafsir Maraẖ Labid) and Aẖmad Sanusî (Tafsir al-Qurân al-Karîm), and modern era explicitly Quraish Shihab (Tafsir al-Misbah) and Didin Hafidhudddin (Tafsir al-Hijri). On the other hand, Quranic exegesis is magnetizing the modern society, academia, and the government. Two things are a sign that Indonesia necessitates developing new outlooks contained in the works of interpretation, so the view of Indonesian society are to be more extensive and varied without being limited by one of his Indonesian commentators. Yunan Yusûf , one of the Indonesian Muslim philosopher, within Tafsir Khuluqun 'Adzîm endeavors coloring Indonesian elucidation by creating distinctive work that is an interpretation of the Quran from the short chapters (Madanî) to the extended chapters (Makî). This article discovers specifically the explanation of the al-Mulk to find a methodology, sources, references and pattern of his works.  This paper depicts qualitative method with the analytical comparative approach through the two references commentaries Indonesia Tafsîr al-Azhâr and al-Miṣbah. Yunan interprets the Quran critically and decisively utilizing the color philosophy. He is able to convey the message of the Qur'an by using the correlation of the Quran (munâsabah al-Qurân bi al-Qurân) either on his work title or his clarification content. This article concludes that the better sources is preferred the more authentic the exegesis is and the more dominant the type of commentaries is the more pattern work is.

scholarly journals THE VISION OF THE CHILDHOOD IN THE CODES OF THE URBAN LAW IN THE RZECZPOSPOLITA IN XVI - EARLY XVII CENTURY

2018 ◽  
pp. 37-56
Author(s):  
Tetiana Hoshko
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Early Modern Period ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
Legal Norms ◽  
Early Modern Era ◽  
The City ◽  
Modern Era ◽  
The Middle Ages

As the people of the Middle Ages thought in symbolic categories, this symbolism was imposed on the notion of human life. In Europe, it had a distinct Christian colouration and was associated with the symbolism of numbers. This was reflected as well in the idea of the stages of human life, the number of which ranged from three to seven. Childhood, which was the first in this scheme, lasted from birth to adolescence, that is until reaching puberty. For the medieval people who thought concretely, just tangible things were important. It is not surprising, therefore, that the notion of attaining adulthood was not so much based on the formal number of years as on the real external physiological features. However, over time, such a ‘visual’ determination of the age of the personrecedes into the background.Childhood has been linked to a guardianship that has received much attention in the city law codes of the early modern period. Anyone who could not manage their lives and property could count on it.In the Middle Ages, childhood had no place, and until the 12th century, children were hardly depicted. The appearance of the post-mortem images of children in the 16th century was evidence of a change in the emotional attitude to them. This change was reflected in the city law codes of the late 16th century. They protected the right of a child to life and property, even of the unborn or born but not survived child. The born and baptized child was already a complete person with soul and likeness of God.The German town law protected children from too severe punishment, first of all from execution. It was believed that before reaching a certain age the children were unconscious creatures, so they could not deliberately commit crimes. And punishment to death was unacceptable for unconscious wrongdoing. The city law codes in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth of 16th and early 17th centuries reflected the evolution of ideas about childhood from the late Middle Ages to the early modern era. Although they refer to the legal norms of previous epochs, they contain many provisions which appeared under the influence of Humanism and the Reformation. As a result of deeper Christianization of morality at the turn of the Middle Ages and modern era, a new attitude to childhood appears, as to a special and important stage in human life. Therefore, as of the 16th century, there were special articles about children in legal codes. The city law begins to protect the interests of children by considering various aspects, in particular, the rights of the unborn but conceived child, of the children of ‘righteous bed’, orphans, etc., the children’s property interests, their lives and future.

Spies and Espionage in the Iberian Atlantic

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriano Comissoli
Keyword(s):  
Iberian Peninsula ◽  
Research Field ◽  
The State ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
Progressive Development ◽  
Modern Period ◽  
Modern Era ◽  
Independence Movements

The monarchies of the Iberian Peninsula—Spain and Portugal—formed large multicontinental empires in the 16th century, which lasted until the beginning of the 19th, when independence movements divided them into various nations in the Americas. The functioning of these political constructs depended to a great extent on the capacity to create channels of communication that allowed information to be frequently and reliably transmitted and received. In turn, the progressive development of information policies was linked to the strengthening of the powers of monarchs and those close to them, which implies that one of the elements affirming the state during the modern era was its capacity to administer communication among its various agents. This was made concrete through the development of diplomacy and intelligence systems, including espionage. More than marginal and isolated actions, the use of spies and infiltrated informers in rival states was a recurrent instrument throughout the period and counted on the knowledge and agreement of the Iberian kings and their ministers. Although it is a research field that is still little visited, there has been a growth in research on the modern period, showing that societies were thirsty for information and looked for it to calculate ways of defending and strengthening the Portuguese and Spanish kingdoms.

Music, patronage and reform in 16th-century Italy: new light on Cardinal Carlo Borromeo

Early Music ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 499-513
Author(s):  
Valerio Morucci
Keyword(s):  
Musical Instruments ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
Local Churches ◽  
Important Research ◽  
Council Of Trent ◽  
Comprehensive Investigation ◽  
Musical Life ◽  
Counter Reformation ◽  
Private Correspondence ◽  
Tomas Luis De Victoria

Abstract Music historians are certainly familiar with the figure of Cardinal Carlo Borromeo. Important research has illuminated his association with the composer Vincenzo Ruffo, his reform of female convents, and, more generally, his influence over the musical life of Milan, including local churches and confraternities; more recently, Borromeo’s relationship with the musician Tomás Luis de Victoria has been closely examined. However, our knowledge of his role as a promoter of the so-called ‘Counter-Reformation’ in music is fragmentary. In particular, a comprehensive investigation of Borromeo’s private correspondence is lacking. In order to fill this lacuna, this article uses newly discovered letters (housed in the Biblioteca Ambrosiana, Milan) to illuminate several interrelated aspects of Borromeo’s activity as a patron and reformer in the aftermath of the Council of Trent: firstly, his support for musicians and the much discussed issue of textual intelligibility, and secondly, the prohibition of musical instruments in church and his directives against public musical entertainments.

Delirium: How Its Concept Has Developed

1991 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zbigniew J. Lipowski
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Background Activity ◽  
Research Priorities ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Modern Era

The development of the concept of delirium spans nearly 2,500 years. Its core clinical features were recognized at least as early as the 16th century, while its management reflected a humane approach from the beginning of the modern era. In the 19th century delirium became linked with the concepts of disordered consciousness and confusion, but these two terms were also used in regard to certain functional mental disorders. The most important contribution in this century was the work of Engel, Romano, and associates, who postulated that the syndrome was due to reduction in brain metabolic rate, as reflected in slowing of the EEG background activity. These and other developments are discussed in this article. A list of proposed research priorities is included.

scholarly journals Po tropach średniowiecznej kancelarii Zakonu Paulinów

Vox Patrum ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 65 ◽  
pp. 741-760
Author(s):  
Janusz Zbudniewek
Keyword(s):  
Development Process ◽  
Religious Life ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
Medieval Manuscripts ◽  
15Th Century ◽  
The Reformation ◽  
History Of ◽  
Modern Era ◽  
Legal Processes

The keeping of the scriptorium and chancery by the first Polish Paulines dates back to the first half of the 15th century. It was mainly focused on copying liturgi­cal and related books used for pastoral purposes, legal documentation and history, which included among others the history of the image of Our Lady (Translacio tabule) and the Chronicle of Wincenty Kadłubek. In the 16th century the scripto­rium of Jasna Góra undertook the documentation of religious life in the sanctuary, including the first reports of pilgrims and records of confreres, as a response to the attacks of the Reformation. At the same time the scriptorium created the first car­tularies and other books containing legal processes, inventories, as well as library and account records. The development process of the chancery has reached its peak in the early 17th century, when Fr. Mikołaj Staszewski (1595-1658), a former employee of the Curia of Poznań, later Provincial and General of the Pauline Or­der, entered the Board of the Order and introduced a new style of copying files. He also initiated the process of writing Pauline chronicles – first of the Polish Pro­vince and then of the whole Order, and introduced relevant secretarial standards to the religious constitution, of which he was the main inspirer and contractor. Currently the Polish Pauline Archives store 71 medieval manuscripts from Polish scriptoria, and more than 40 cartulary books from the modern era, among which only one Formulare obedientiarum salutationum et epistolarum variarum of Dionizy Klękowski (1599-1675) contains 1053 copies of various documents and correspondence from the period 1367-1673.

scholarly journals “The Living Dead” in Modern Era Parish Records in Silesia and Moravia

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 273-287
Author(s):  
Daniel Wojtucki
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Source Material ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
Deceased Person ◽  
Research Material ◽  
Course Of Action ◽  
Living Dead ◽  
Modern Era ◽  
Deceased People ◽  
Made In

Parish records are an interesting source material for researching the issue of beliefs in returning dead. Parish records of deaths rarely relate the funerals of people other than the God-fearing citizens who rested in the parish necropolis or those killed in tragic circumstances, usually as a result of an accident. From the end of the 16th century, the areas of the Silesian-Moravian borderland, or northern Moravia itself, were the scene of fierce struggles against the dead rising from their graves. Later, mainly eighteenth-century publications began to use the term defining these phenomena as magia posthuma. The intensity of beliefs in posthumous magic peaked in late 17th and early 18th centuries. It was widely thought at the time that a deceased person whose body does not show normal, post-mortem changes (rigidity) was a witch or a sorcerer. In Silesia and Moravia effective forms of dealing with harmful deceased people were developed in the period of 16th-18th centuries. Based on the analysis of existing source material, we know that the most frequent course of action was to find the grave of the “undead”in the cemetery, exhume the corpse and destroy it. All these measures against corpses who rose from their graves had to leave a trace in the parish books. In the discussed area, the oldest entries from records of death concerning the beliefs in dead who returned to plague the living can be found in the volume for the Silesian city of Strzegom (German: Striegau) covering the years 1589–1715. Some interesting research material is also provided by entries made in the records of death in the small town of Ryžoviště(German: Braunseifen) for the years 1583–1640 and 1640–1717. One of the last entries in the death records was made on 1 March 1755, when the Empress Maria Theresa issued a decree forbidding the persecution of people accused of witchcraft, treasure hunts with the aid of magic and also the exhumation or burning of the bodies of people accused of posthumous magic.

scholarly journals Regionalism in the Virtual Era

Politeja ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2(59)) ◽  
pp. 195-206
Author(s):  
Magdalena Piech
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Identity ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Artistic Activity ◽  
Universal Language ◽  
The World ◽  
The Media ◽  
Modern Era ◽  
Do So ◽  
Current Reality

The symbolic concept of kashmiriyat, dated back to 16th century, generally covers most of the aspects of Kashmiri Muslims’ culture perceived as traditional. However, in the modern era of globalization and rapid growth of the media, particularly the Internet, the world is changing really fast, together with local cultures and identities. The budding influence of social media on the culture of participation, opens a new field for artistic activity. It is especially the younger generation, prone to rebel against the existing reality, who make use of those aims to express oneself. One of the most alluring means to do so is music. It stimulates people’s awareness and tends to unite people beyond boundaries by its universal language. Thanks to its emotional potential, popular music recently gathered its momentum among Kashmiri Muslims as well. The paper presents the examples of two young Kashmiri musicians, MC Kash and Ali Saffudin, as the carriers of Kashmiri Muslim cultural identity. Pointing out the traditional symbols, how they are being reinterpreted and mixed with the elements of current reality and Western culture, I will try to show some aspects of this identity, focusing on the place of regionalism in it.

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