scholarly journals Narcissus in a mirror image. Aesthetics of André Gide’s symbolism

2020 ◽  
pp. 71-84
Author(s):  
Nadezda Borisovna Mankovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Mirror Image ◽  
Philosophy Of Art ◽  
Subjective Experiences ◽  
Human Personality ◽  
Image Aesthetics ◽  
Inner World ◽  
The Subject

The subject of this research is the fundamental aesthetic problematic in the symbolist philosophy of art of André Gide. The author examines such mainstream themes as the concept of artistic symbol, categories of the beautiful, tragic and heroic, interrelation of art and nature, specificity of theatrical aesthetics. In his works, Gide brings to life the ideas of subjective, solipsistic symbolism, when symbol ingratiates with a hieroglyph that depicts inner world of the artist in a creative form, his subjective experiences, dreams and reverie, while the external sensible world is interpreted as illusory, appears as combination of senses, or is left as side as nonexistent. The main conclusion of the conducted study consists in a statements that in the period of symbolism André Gide was sure that illusory character was extraneous to art. Disregarding the external, art must refer to the profound truth, heroic beginning of human personality. Emphasis is made on infiltration into the spheres of esoteric, mystical and spiritual. The article analyses André Gide’s “Treatise on Narcissus (The Theory of Symbol”), in which such worldview found its programmatic expression.

The Morbid Psychology of Criminals

1873 ◽  
Vol 19 (86) ◽  
pp. 222-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Nicolson
Keyword(s):  
Prison Life ◽  
Inner World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Intellectual Status ◽  
Involuntary Servitude

The inner world of prison life is one of the best fields for the study of psychological questions, speculative as well as practical If the circumstances are somewhat exceptional, they have the special advantage of being uniform in their application; and this uniformity represents a standard to which individual minds, or particular groups of mind, bear a relation, and at which they may be tested. Imprisonment is the very antithesis of social usage, an involuntary servitude taking the place of the liberty of the subject, and it is surely a matter of no little interest to watch how social beings, varying in moral and intellectual status, bear themselves under confinement and a complete change in their circumstances and surroundings.

scholarly journals Objective psychology. Academician V. Bekhterev. Issue I. St. Petersburg. 1907 year

1907 ◽  
Vol XIV (3-4) ◽  
pp. 194-196
Author(s):  
V. Osipova
Keyword(s):  
Mental Life ◽  
Subjective Experiences ◽  
The Subject ◽  
And Control ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Living Creature

The author begins his work with the words that the psychology that he will expound bears little resemblance to the psychology that has been the subject of study until now. In objective psychology, there should be no place for questions about subjective processes or processes of consciousness, therefore there should be no place for introspection. Self-observation is not enough even to study one's own mental life. Objective psychology has in mind to study and explain only the relationship of a living creature to the surrounding conditions that affect it in one way or another, without aiming to find out those internal or subjective experiences, which are known as conscious phenomena and which are accessible only to self-observation. All mental items should only be subject to objective registration and control.

scholarly journals Inequalities for Indonesian Men to Pursue Fashion as a Career

2018 ◽  
Vol 73 ◽  
pp. 11012
Author(s):  
Muhammad Iman Adi Perkasa
Keyword(s):  
Equal Opportunity ◽  
Gender Stereotype ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Fashion Industry ◽  
Subjective Experiences ◽  
The Subject ◽  
And Gender

Indonesia’s fashion industry can be growth rapidly, but did not give the equal opportunity for man who wants to pursue career in the industry, due to gender stereotype in fashion which occurs in Indonesia. In prior researches, fashion examined as gendered activity and identically with women. This study aims to testify the existences of gender stereotype and inequalities among four Indonesian men who pursue fashion as a career, by describing their subjective experiences using qualitative approach and constructivism paradigm. This study concluded that in Indonesia, inequalities existed among four subjects due to gender stereotype. It is happened after the implications of society perspectives, that fashion perceived to be a career which linked with women rather than men. Also found in this study, that inequalities and gender stereotype also affected all of the subject self-concept. These factors made their self-concept tend to be low, but also encourages two of them to achieved many things and excel in the fields of fashion. So, they can be good examples to the society who underestimated them.

Letters of the Christian intellectual: Alcuin and his epistolary heritage

2020 ◽  
pp. 96-107
Author(s):  
Anastasia Ilyina
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Late Antique ◽  
Semiotic Analysis ◽  
Christian Community ◽  
Intellectual Community ◽  
The Social ◽  
Inner World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
Alcuin Of York

The article examines the epistolary legacy (numbering more than three hundred letters) of Alcuin of York, perhaps the most prominent figure of the so-called Carolingian Renaissance, a famous associate of Charlemagne. Comparison of Alcuin’s letters with samples of late antique epistolography makes it possible to trace the degree of continuity of cultural and social practices of pagan Antiquity and the Christian Middle Ages. In addition, reference to Alcuin’s correspondence makes it possible to look into the inner world of a Christian intellectual, to get acquainted with the issues and problems that occupy the minds of his contemporaries, to build a scheme of Alcuin’s network communication and to understand how far his spiritual influence extended in Europe and with which social layers he communicated. Setting the goal of identifying the characteristic features of the Christian intellectual community at the turn of the VIII—IX centuries on the basis of the analysis of Alcuin’s epistolary heritage, the author of the article defines the social and geographical boundaries of the circulation of Alcuin’s letters, identifies the succession of his letters from the ancient epistolary tradition, identifies and analyzes the main problems raised in Alcuin’s letters. To achieve this goal, the article uses a historical and anthropological approach with elements of semiotic analysis. The succession of Alcuin’s correspondence from the traditions of late antique epistolography is reflected, first of all, in the form of letters, the way they were written, and the use of stable rhetorical techniques. At the same time, attention is drawn to the change in the social portrait of the address and, due to this, the expansion of the circle of addressees, which now includes not only representatives of the highest secular and church elite, but also nsufficiently educated and ignoble people, for whom Alcuin acted as a spiritual father and mentor. The analysis of the letters shows that Alcuin’s awareness of his responsibility for the fate of the addressees determines the subject matter of the letters, many of which are devoted to explaining the responsibilities of certain members of the Christian community, defining the area of responsibility of the laity and clergy, constructing of the image of an ideal clergyman or a righteous layman.

scholarly journals (Re-)imagining the ‘Self’ of Ontological Security: The Case of Brazil’s Ambivalent Postcolonial Subjectivity

2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 142-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco A. Vieira
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Mirror Image ◽  
The Self ◽  
Ontological Security ◽  
Self Identity ◽  
Self In Relation ◽  
Postcolonial State ◽  
Alternative Approach ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Postcolonial States

In this article, I critically engage with and develop an alternative approach to ontological security informed by Jacques Lacan’s theory of the subject. I argue that ontological security relates to a lack; that is, the always frustrated desire to provide meaningful discursive interpretations to one’s self. This lack is generative of anxiety which functions as the subject’s affective and necessary drive to a continuous, albeit elusive, pursuit of self-coherence. I theorise subjectivity in Lacanian terms as fantasised discursive articulations of the Self in relation to an idealised mirror-image other. The focus on postcolonial states’ subjectivity allows for the examination of the anxiety-driven lack generated by the ever-present desire to emulate but also resist the Western other. I propose, therefore, to explore the theoretical assertion that postcolonial ontological security refers to the institutionalisation and discursive articulation of enduring and anxiety-driven affective traces related to these states’ colonial pasts that are still active and influence current foreign policy practices. I illustrate the force of this interpretation of ontological security by focusing on Brazil as an example of a postcolonial state coping with the lack caused by its ambivalent/hybrid self-identity.

scholarly journals Color synesthesia in modern female poetry

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Physiological Significance ◽  
Traditional Model ◽  
Modern Poetry ◽  
Subjective Experiences ◽  
Linguistic Representation ◽  
Inner World ◽  
Special Studies ◽  
Contemporary Artists

A display of synesthesia in the poetic speech of contemporary artists is analyzed. The lack of special studies of synesthetic linguistic representation in modern poetry determines the relevance of the proposed investigation. In scientific interpretation, synesthesia is the interaction of words to denote emotions or other abstract or particular concepts. In linguistics, the term „synesthesia” is used to denote the mechanism of metaphorical analogy, formed on the basis of visual, taste, auditory, odorative, tactile human senses, which supply their own units to denote other conceptual areas. In modern poetry, synesthesia is productive as a mean of verbalizing subjective experiences. Furthermore, achromatic colors (white, gray, black) are actively used in poetry. Tokens to denote shades of blue (blue, cyan, blue), associated with the concept of melancholy, are also used quite often. In the analyzed poems color-sound synesthesia prevails. This fact can be explained by the physiological significance of visual and audio channels for obtaining information, as well as the genre specificity of the analyzed texts. At the syntactic level, the traditional model of a synaesthetic phrase is a combination of an adjectival colorative with a noun token to denote a concept of another conceptual sphere. The definition location in the postposition to the denoted word gives synesthetic constructions additional stylistic significance, strengthens their expressive potential. The use of complex adjectives as double epithets is a rarely used syntactic model of synesthesia. Sometimes synesthesia becomes the creative basis of the whole poetry. The analysis of synesthetic constructions makes it possible to comprehend the deep inner world of poets, features of poetic thinking, Ukrainian worldview in general.

scholarly journals The role of the subject “literature” in forming personality in modern secondary schools

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Gultas Kurmanbay
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Education ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Literary Texts ◽  
Critical Study ◽  
Teaching Literature ◽  
Current Time ◽  
Highly Educated ◽  
Inner World ◽  
The Subject

In the current time, one of the important tasks of modern schools is to prepare a highly educated student who can think creatively and independently in any situation. In the realization of this task, literature, as a school discipline, which forms the inner world and valuable orientations of students, plays a large role. The study of literature can have crucial importance in the education of the independent personality possessing esthetical taste. Scholars consider the subject of literature as a critical study of literary texts. They clarify that one of the main aims of the subject is the critical analysis of how language is used in different types of texts to identify meaning and find out text elements. With the help of reading various literary texts, students in secondary education of modern schools can receive skills of critical analysis through connecting the meaning of these texts with their lives and the world. Besides, teaching literature in secondary education can provide the ability to imagine the inner and outer worlds of any substance, to solve and investigate important, present, and future problems individually. A considerable number of scholars and studies have attempted to describe the importance of this discipline.

scholarly journals From feeling to naming: A sensitive approach to managerial newspeak through bullying at work

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 439
Author(s):  
Agnès Vandevelde-Rougale
Keyword(s):  
Workplace Bullying ◽  
Subjective Experience ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Subjective Experiences ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Expression Of Emotions ◽  
Psychosocial Processes ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Depth Interviews

By accessing language, an individual is granted the means to represent experiences and to share meaning. However, ill-being resulting from workplace bullying makes it hard for the subject to put his/her experience into words. I explored this uneasiness through qualitative research conducted through an interdisciplinary approach. My fieldwork led me to raise questions about the influence of modern managerial discourse on the individual and his/her relation to language. After conducting in-depth interviews with individuals confronted with bullying at work and crossing their narratives with information from organisational websites, I suggest that modern managerial discourse hinders the expression of emotions and thereby the understanding of subjective experiences (both the informants’ understanding of their own subjective experience and the understanding of their experiences by others). I argue that this process is rooted in an internalization of managerial discourse, which weakens the subject as it diminishes his/ her enunciative autonomy and limits his/her ability to make sense of his/her emotional experiences. This article considers these findings. Through excerpts from organisational communications, the first part calls on the heuristic dimension of knowing via the senses to question the subjective influence of managerial discourse. The narrative of an experience of workplace bullying then allows for display of the ambivalence of managerial discourse. It appears to be a tool both enabling and hindering subjective expression, as it allows sharing of facts at the expense of sharing emotions. Considering my argument that the internalization of managerial discourse by the subject turns this discourse into “managerial newspeak”, the third and concluding part of the article addresses the issue of sharing understanding of psychosocial processes in scientific work.

scholarly journals "Theatricalisation" of the lyrical hero in the poetry of Alexander Blok: genesis and ways of artistic realization

2019 ◽  
pp. 107-112
Author(s):  
Nataliya G. Koptelova
Keyword(s):  
Characteristic Feature ◽  
Creative Thinking ◽  
Creative Mind ◽  
Art Form ◽  
The World ◽  
Stage Directors ◽  
Inner World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Way Of Knowing

The article deals with the "theatricalisation" of the lyrical hero, which is a characteristic feature of Alexander Blok’s poetry. It is shown that the desire for theatre, as the highest art form, meets the resistance of the lyrical way of knowing the world that prevails in Alexander Blok’s creative mind. This leads to the fact that the streams of lyricism and theatre in his artistic system collide and interact. As a result, traits which are inherent in the creative thinking of playwrights, actors and stage directors and organic for Alexander Blok are realised on the basis of lyricism. It is proved that the "theatricalisation" of the lyrical hero in Alexander Blok's poetry is expressed both in the reincarnation of the subject, revealing autopsychological experiences (then the reception of the "lyrical mask" arises), and in the statement of the role principle. It is emphasised that the "theatricalisation" of the lyrical hero, occurring in Alexander Blok's verses, leads to the creation of characters whose inner world can be in the most varying degrees of distance from the author's consciousness.

scholarly journals Doświadczenia kryzysu rozwojowego w biegu życia u XX-wiecznych pisarzy. Sándor Márai i Maria Kuncewiczowa

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-98
Author(s):  
Anna Maria Manek
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Life Experience ◽  
Subjective Experiences ◽  
Life Situation ◽  
Life And Death ◽  
Psychological Analysis ◽  
Personal Experiences ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Insight Into

Experiences of a Developmental Crisis in the Course of Life in Twentieth-Century Writers. Sándor Márai and Maria Kuncewiczowa The subject of this study is the psychological analysis which uses a biographical method to analyze the last stages of a long life and the crisis “between life and death”of the two outstanding writers of the twentieth century: Maria Kuncewiczowa and Sándor Márai. The analyzed data giving insight into the life events and the personal experiences of the last few years of their lives was sourced from the last texts published by the writers. In the case of Maria Kuncewiczowa, these are: Notatki włoskie: Przezrocza (Italian Notes: Transparencies, 2010) and Listy do Jerzego (Letters to Jerzy, 1988). In the case of the Hungarian writer Sándor Márai, it will be the final part of the 5th Volume of the Diary 1977–1989, pp. 345–387 (Márai, 2020). The tasks and challenges at this stage of life, which is one immediately preceding the inevitable death, are as follows: functioning at the late old age in a changed life situation after the death of the spouse and the manner of responding to one’s own death. The analysis of experiences related to the life situation, mainly carried out with use of the conceptual apparatus of the psychology of the course of life (Bühler, 1999), allows us to observe the coherence of life events and subjective experiences in the examined period of life, which is an expression of the creative activity and the spirituality of these outstanding writers, as well as constitutes their life experience in preparation for the death.

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