scholarly journals On classification of obligations of property owners in a multi-unit building

2020 ◽  
pp. 112-122
Author(s):  
Susana Arsenovna Kirakosyan
Keyword(s):  
Practical Importance ◽  
Qualitative Characteristic ◽  
Property Owners ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Shared Property ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Story Building ◽  
Willingness To Contribute

The subject of this research is the classification of obligations of property owners in a multi-story building, as well as their maintenance. The need for studying the classification of responsibility of property owners dictated by scientific and practical importance: the disclosure of the content of responsibilities reveals the essence of burden of the content of individual accommodation and shared property in a multi-unit building, as well as the due and socially proper behavior of obliged entities – the property owners. For determining the criteria for classification of obligations of property owners, the author analyzes the provisions of housing and civil legislation. There is no research on the system of obligations of property owners within the science of civil and housing law. For eliminating the theoretical gap, the author attempts to classify the obligations of property owners in a multi-unit building, as well as examine their content. A new perspective upon the classification of obligations based on various criteria is suggested. Special attention is turned to the characteristics of obligations of property owners as a landlord and as a neighbor. The criterion for division of such obligations consists in qualitative characteristic of the status of property owner: owner-landlord and owner-neighbor, and the obligations assigned thereof. The conclusion is made that the owner of accommodation in a multi-unit building is distinguished by care for the property, willingness to contribute economically, and reasonable neighborliness.

scholarly journals Reconsideration of classification of phrasal verbs in the English language

Litera ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 21-28
Author(s):  
Leonid Firstov
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
English Language ◽  
Phrasal Verbs ◽  
Main Method ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Subject ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Pitch Accents ◽  
Theoretical Developments

The goal of this work consists in formulation of definition and classification of phrasal verbs in the English language. The subject of this research is the semantics of English phrasal verbs. Lexicographical analysis became the main method for this research. The author also carried out semantic and comparative analysis of English and Russian prefixed verbs; examines the peculiarities of distribution of pitch accents between “simple” verb and postposition as one of the determinant attributes that allows classifying phrasal verbs into an independent lexical group. It is demonstrated that some word combinations, which are traditionally considered phrasal verbs, should not be attributed to this category of lexical units. The author determines the attributes that allow unifying interpretation of the term “phrasal verb”. The scientific novelty consists in the new perspective upon classification of phrasal verbs, distinguishing three types of these lexical units based on the logic of their formation. The author underlines that all phrasal verbs are amenable to the proposed classification, excluding the cases when the status of second element within them does not deem it as postposition. The acquired results significantly simplify the understanding of such verbs and can be applied in teaching or further theoretical developments of the subject of phrasal verbs.

STAGES OF FORMATION OF THE WORLD VICTIMOLOGICAL THOUGHT

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 19-28
Author(s):  
Oleksandr Dzhuzha ◽  
◽  
Dmytro Tychyna ◽  
Valeriy Syuravchik ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Practical Importance ◽  
Crime Victims ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Legal Origin ◽  
Historical Aspect ◽  
Conceptual Apparatus ◽  
The World ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Subject

The relevance of the article is due to the need to clarify the historical aspect, the genesis of victimology, as well as the content of its conceptual apparatus, the formulation of hypotheses and the improvement of its scientific tools. The concept of victimization is a reflection of essential means and relationships, phenomena and processes that are directly related to crime. The problematic aspects of the relatively complex nature of the conceptual apparatus of victimology have been identified, as a result of which a large number of concepts of non-legal origin in criminology are fraught with the danger of destroying the mechanism of legal assessments and conclusions on crime, its causes, the identity of the offender and the victim, and prevention measures. Elucidation of the historical aspect, genesis of victimology, as well as the content of its conceptual apparatus, is a dynamic process of reconciling hypotheses and positions, thoughts and views of criminologists, victimologists, lawyers, sociologists and psychologists, the results of which form the doctrinal basis of victimology. The stated positions are an attempt to somewhat streamline the diversity of scientific approaches to the content of individual elements of the subject of victimology, which, in turn, forms the motivation for further discussion of representatives of domestic and foreign criminological schools. Justification of the genesis and content of the conceptual apparatus of victimology, its individual theoretical provisions is an integral part of the development of the concept of combating crime and has not only scientific, but also important practical importance. Consequently, the tasks of victimology include the study of not only those who was the victim, but also those who have never acquired the status of a direct victim of the crime. The purpose of such studies are to identify a complex of certain properties capable of imported in criminal manifestations, which allows to carry out the victimological forecast for both individual and mass levels. The study of crime victims is necessary to solve many problems, especially related to the organization of their physical protection.

scholarly journals Official recognition of facts as an institution of international law: problems and

2020 ◽  
pp. 222-238
Author(s):  
Kira L'vovna Sazonova
Keyword(s):  
Intergovernmental Relations ◽  
Practical Interest ◽  
The State ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Common ◽  
A Chain ◽  
Official Recognition

We are witnessing a formation of the new institution of recognition, which can be referred to as the “official recognition of facts”. Such seemingly different political themes as annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation, the “Skripal Case”, or the status of the Golan Heights have an important common parameter – each of them has become an object of recognition by at least one country. Examination of the causal links that conduce certain countries to issuing the acts of recognition of long-past events or territorial changes are of considerable scientific and practical interest. Recognition of facts by the state is of paramount importance, as it[WU1]  is documented and reflects stance on a specific event, fact, or occurrence. Recognition ensures legitimacy for further actions of the state and initiates a chain of related political and legal events, including sanctions. Over the recent years, recognition of facts by the countries has become more frequent, and virtually becomes a means of political manipulation. Classification of the facts and events that have most often been the subject of recognition allows determining the common trends in the procedure of recognition, as well as the factors that prompt the country to resort to such step. Thus, at times strange and illogical actions of the state associated with the official recognition or non-recognition of the fact acquire a specific political and legal meaning, and allow analyzing the new strategic vectors in intergovernmental relations.  [WU1]

scholarly journals Sociology of the Body in Search of its Identity: Analysis of Research Programs

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 9-27
Author(s):  
Alexander M. Pivovarov
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Field Of Study ◽  
Body Studies ◽  
Sociology Of The Body ◽  
Research Programs ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Subject

The author poses the problem of the status of sociology of the body as an independent sub-discipline, putting forward the hypothesis that today this moniker only unites the spectrum of those sociological directions that are engaged in the study of separate theoretical and applied issues related to corporeality. This review allows for securing the trend towards fragmenting sociology of the body as a field of study and strengthening its status as a rubric for research, rather than a full-fledged area of sociology. In order to clarify the subject of sociology of the body and its correlation with other disciplines which study embodiment, three classifications of theories used in body studies are analyzed — philosophical, anthropological and sociological. Unlike other researchers, the author of this article considers the opposition of structuralism and interpretativism to be the most appropriate for designating opposing research programs in the sociological classification of body theories.

scholarly journals Legal regulation of the supply agreement in Russia

2021 ◽  
pp. 197-207
Author(s):  
Andrei Aleksandrovich Morozov ◽  
Konstantin Gennad'evich Svarchevskii ◽  
Aleksei Leonidovich Sachenko
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Regulation Mechanism ◽  
Political Systems ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Original Classification

The subject of this research is examination of the causes for the emergence of the contractual structure for the supply of goods, as well as the evolution of the development of legal regulation mechanism of the supply agreements in the Russian Empire, Soviet Union, and modern Russia. The study of the supply agreement is conducted in its relation to the purchase and sale agreement. The relevance of this research is substantiated by the importance of knowing the peculiarities of regulation of civil law framework of the supply agreement and the need for systematization of views upon the development of legal regulation mechanism of the supply agreement in different periods and political systems in Russia, thereby dividing all periods of legal regulation of the supply agreement into several stages. The author underlines the importance of comparative analysis of the purchase and sale agreement with the supply agreement throughout the entire time of their coexistence. The author systematizes the information on the development of legal regulation mechanism of the supply agreement; offers the original classification of its evolution consisting of several stages: prerevolutionary, Soviet, and modern; substantiates the formulated conclusions; analyzes the interrelation between the purchase and sale agreement and the supply agreement, as well as their role during each of the highlighted stated of evolution of the legal regulation mechanism of the supply agreement. The article also analyzes the peculiarities of the purchase and sale agreements within the framework of each period under review; determines the status of the purchase and sale agreement, and the degree of its autonomy.

scholarly journals THE SUBJECT OF THE QUESTION IN MAONIC SCIENCE AND ITS CLASSIFICATION

2019 ◽  
pp. 56-59
Author(s):  
Mullasodiqova Nigora Miramanovna
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Arabic Word ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Subject

The topic of the talk and its classification are one of the central issues of syntax. This article compares the classification of the Arabic alphabet with the Arabic and Uzbek linguistic norms. In terms of the stylistics of the Uzbek language, it is explained in terms of how the spelling of the Arabic word begins, and the classification of the Muslim in terms of the context. It is emphasized in Maonic science that the most important aspect of non- speaking in other languages, especially in the Arabian minority, is the purpose of the speaker and the state of the listener. In Maonical Science there is information on classification in relation to reality, the goal of the speaker and the status of the listener, and in the so-called interpreter, to be a change in reality, and to choose the types of speech.

scholarly journals The development of state audit (control) based on the principles of the Moscow Declaration adopted at INTOSAI

2021 ◽  
pp. 62-71
Author(s):  
Marina Afanas'evna Lapina ◽  
Aleksandr Georgievich Gurinovich ◽  
Dmitrii Andreevich Kazantsev
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Method ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
Financial Control ◽  
State Audit ◽  
The Status ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Government

This article carries out the conceptual analysis of development trends in control and oversight activity of the supreme audit institutions (supreme financial control bodies), which contributes to achieving the goals of sustainable development until 2030. The research leans on fundamental analysis of the principles of the Moscow Declaration endorsed by INTOSAI. The subject of this research is the financial-legal aspects of transformation of the status of control and audit bodies that exercise external financial control aimed at maintaining sustainable economic development of the society through implementation of principles of audit of budget funds. The article employs the method of dialectical scientific knowledge, which is based on the set of private and general scientific method, including formal-logical that interprets the norms and principles contained in the international declarations of the supreme audit institutions. The authors offer the classification of principles depending on the key vectors in the development of state audit (control) and contained explicitly in the vectors of development. Conflicts of principles established in the Mexican and Moscow INTOSAI Declarations are determined. The scientific novelty lies in substantiation of formation of the new special legal status of the supreme financial control bodies that not only verify legitimacy, effectiveness, and feasibility of budget expenditures, but are an external and independent strategic assistant to the government and executive authorities as well.  The authors conclude on the institutional change in the status of supreme financial control bodies.

scholarly journals Peculiarities of administrative and legal status of subjects of disciplinary proceeding in the bodies of the National Police of Ukraine

2018 ◽  
pp. 50-59
Author(s):  
Nadiia Medvedenko
Keyword(s):  
Police Officer ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Legal Provision ◽  
The Status ◽  
Scientific Opinion ◽  
The Subject ◽  
National Police

The article analyzes regulatory and legal sources that regulate disciplinary liability and disciplinary proceedings in the bodies of the National Police of Ukraine, as well as scientific opinion on the administrative and legal status of subjects of disciplinary proceedings in the bodies of the National Police of Ukraine. For disciplinary proceedings, as well as for other types of proceedings, the presence of a certain circle of persons who are its participants – subjects of disciplinary proceedings, and have a definite legal status is characteristic. And the peculiarities of the legal status of the police officer, determine the peculiarities of the status of the subject of disciplinary proceedings in the bodies of the National Police of Ukraine. As a result of the study of the content of the normative legal provision of disciplinary responsibility and scientific works on this topic, the classification of subjects of disciplinary proceedings in the bodies of the National Police of Ukraine was carried out and their legal status was considered. It is noted that for subjects of disciplinary proceedings characterized by a combination of different functions during the proceedings. Thus, the manager who appointed an official investigation may be the subject of initiation or an auxiliary entity. Or the subject of initiation maybe come the subject, which directly conducts official investigation. Therefore, it is not always possible to clearly distinguish subjects of disciplinary proceedings in their functions by combining and combining these functions. The legal status is determined by law only for a separate circle of subjects: the chief who appoints an official investigation, the executive (heads, members of the commission) conducting an official investigation, and, in part, the person in respect of which the official investigation is conducted (lack of legal consolidation of his duties, which may hinder the qualitative and objective conduct of a business investigation). The legal status of other subjects of disciplinary proceedings remains uncertain and needs to be established.

PROBLEMS OF DISCIPLINARY LIABILITY OF PUBLIC OFFICERS

2019 ◽  
pp. 135-141
Author(s):  
Tetiana Humeniuk
Keyword(s):  
Practical Importance ◽  
Functional Results ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Civil Servants ◽  
Disciplinary Action ◽  
Labour Law ◽  
Public Servants ◽  
Special Character ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Subject

Purpose. The purpose of the article is to address the problems of the legal consolidation and the application of disciplinary liability against public servants. Methods. The methodology involves a comprehensive study of theoretical and practical material on the subject, as well as the formulation of relevant conclusions and recommendations. During the research the following methods of scientific knowledge were used: dialectical, terminological, formal-logical, system-functional. Results. In the course of the research it was established that disciplinary responsibility had the following features: 1) disciplinary responsibility of civil servants is a special disciplinary responsibility. Its special character is due, firstly, to a special category of employees - the status of a civil servant, secondly - to the specifics of disciplinary penalties, and thirdly - to a special order of their application; 2) at this stage of legal regulation, one of the following types of disciplinary action is applied to civil servants: a remark; reprimand; warning of incomplete official compliance; dismissal from civil service Scientific novelty. According to the results of the study, it is established that the disciplinary responsibility of civil servants at the present stage requires changes in terms of consolidation of disciplinary penalties of property character. Practical importance. The results of the study can be used to improve the labour law of Ukraine in terms of disciplinary responsibility of civil servants.

scholarly journals The Pitfalls in the Law of Attempt: A New Perspective

2005 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 146-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth J. Arenson
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Law ◽  
Mens Rea ◽  
Controversial Issues ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
The Status ◽  
Actus Reus ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Law ◽  
New Perspective

The law of attempt is laden with some of the most hotly debated and controversial issues in the criminal law sphere. This article provides a critical and in-depth analysis of most, if not all, of the pitfalls that have bedevilled this area of the law since time immemorial. In particular, the discussion will focus on the type of mens rea required for an attempt, how far an accused must progress toward the commission of the subject offence in order to satisfy the actus reus component of an attempt, whether certain offences are intrinsically incapable of being the subject of an attempt, and whether the various courts and legislatures have agreed upon a universally accepted, coherent, and workable doctrine concerning the status of ‘factual impossibility’ as a defence to an attempt.

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