scholarly journals Trends in winter excess mortality in Mexico 1991 - 2008

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omar González-Santiago ◽  
Evangelina Ramirez-Lara ◽  
Sandra L. Gracia-Vásquez ◽  
Isaias Balderas-Rentería
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Excess Mortality ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Old People ◽  
Mediterranean Countries ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Low Levels

Objective: Analyze the mortality by all causes in México during the Winter season. Methods: We extracted and tabulated data on monthly all-cause mortality in the general population from 1991 to 2008 from database INEGI. Coefficients of seasonal variation in mortality were calculated. Results: An increase of 15 % in mortality for general population during Winter was observed during the studied period. The more susceptible age groups were old people and children with an increase of winter deaths of 19 % and 11 % respectively. Months with low levels of mortality were April, October and September for children, adolescents and old people respectively. Conclusions: In Mexico winter months shown the highest levels of mortality. The increase in mortality is similar to some Mediterranean countries. More susceptible age groups correspond to child and old people. Months with low levels of mortality are different for each age group. In México it is necessary identify the main factors that contribute to low mortality among different months according age groups.

scholarly journals Trends in winter excess mortality in Mexico 1991 - 2008

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omar González-Santiago ◽  
Evangelina Ramirez-Lara ◽  
Sandra L. Gracia-Vásquez ◽  
Isaias Balderas-Rentería
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Excess Mortality ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Old People ◽  
Mediterranean Countries ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Low Levels

Objective: Analyze the mortality by all causes in México during the Winter season. Methods: We extracted and tabulated data on monthly all-cause mortality in the general population from 1991 to 2008 from database INEGI. Coefficients of seasonal variation in mortality were calculated. Results: An increase of 15 % in mortality for general population during Winter was observed during the studied period. The more susceptible age groups were old people and children with an increase of winter deaths of 19 % and 11 % respectively. Months with low levels of mortality were April, October and September for children, adolescents and old people respectively. Conclusions: In Mexico winter months shown the highest levels of mortality. The increase in mortality is similar to some Mediterranean countries. More susceptible age groups correspond to child and old people. Months with low levels of mortality are different for each age group. In México it is necessary identify the main factors that contribute to low mortality among different months according age groups.

scholarly journals Spatial determinants of excess all-cause mortality during the first wave of the COVID-19 epidemic in France

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugo Pilkington ◽  
Thierry Feuillet ◽  
Stéphane Rican ◽  
Jeanne Goupil de Bouillé ◽  
Olivier Bouchaud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Healthcare ◽  
Excess Mortality ◽  
Social Deprivation ◽  
National Level ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Contextual Variables ◽  
Complex Situation ◽  
All Cause Mortality

Abstract Background The first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in France was associated with high excess mortality, and anecdotal evidence pointed to differing excess mortality patterns depending on social and environmental determinants. In this study we aimed to investigate the spatial distribution of excess mortality during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in France and relate it at the subnational level to contextual determinants from various dimensions (socioeconomic, population density, overall health status, healthcare access etc.). We also explored whether the determinants identified at the national level varied depending on geographical location. Methods We used available national data on deaths in France to calculate excess mortality by department for three age groups: 0–49, 50–74 and > 74 yrs. between March 1st and April 27th, 2020. We selected 15 variables at the department level that represent four dimensions that may be related to overall mortality at the ecological level, two representing population-level vulnerabilities (morbidity, social deprivation) and two representing environmental-level vulnerabilities (primary healthcare supply, urbanization). We modelled excess mortality by age group for our contextual variables at the department level. We conducted both a global (i.e., country-wide) analysis and a multiscale geographically weighted regression (MGWR) model to account for the spatial variations in excess mortality. Results In both age groups, excess all-cause mortality was significantly higher in departments where urbanization was higher (50–74 yrs.: β = 15.33, p < 0.001; > 74 yrs.: β = 18.24, p < 0.001) and the supply of primary healthcare providers lower (50–74 yrs.: β = − 8.10, p < 0.001; > 74 yrs.: β = − 8.27, p < 0.001). In the 50–74 yrs. age group, excess mortality was negatively associated with the supply of pharmacists (β = − 3.70, p < 0.02) and positively associated with work-related mobility (β = 4.62, p < 0.003); in the > 74 yrs. age group our measures of deprivation (β = 15.46, p < 0.05) and morbidity (β = 0.79, p < 0.008) were associated with excess mortality. Associations between excess mortality and contextual variables varied significantly across departments for both age groups. Conclusions Public health strategies aiming at mitigating the effects of future epidemics should consider all dimensions involved to develop efficient and locally tailored policies within the context of an evolving, socially and spatially complex situation.

scholarly journals All-cause excess mortality observed by age group and regions in the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in England

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (28) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary A Sinnathamby ◽  
Heather Whitaker ◽  
Laura Coughlan ◽  
Jamie Lopez Bernal ◽  
Mary Ramsay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Excess Mortality ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Age Group ◽  
The Past ◽  
All Cause Mortality

England has experienced one of the highest excess in all-cause mortality in Europe during the current COVID-19 pandemic. As COVID-19 emerged, the excess in all-cause mortality rapidly increased, starting in March 2020. The excess observed during the pandemic was higher than excesses noted in the past 5 years. It concerned all regions and all age groups, except the 0–14 year olds, but was more pronounced in the London region and in those aged ≥ 85 years.

scholarly journals Estimation of Excess Mortality and Years of Life Lost to COVID-19 in Norway and Sweden between March and November 2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 3913
Author(s):  
Martin Rypdal ◽  
Kristoffer Rypdal ◽  
Ola Løvsletten ◽  
Sigrunn Holbek Sørbye ◽  
Elinor Ytterstad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Excess Mortality ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Years Of Life Lost ◽  
Regressive Model ◽  
Epidemic Period ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Auto Regressive ◽  
Expected Mortality ◽  
Auto Regressive Model ◽  
Excess Deaths

We estimate the weekly excess all-cause mortality in Norway and Sweden, the years of life lost (YLL) attributed to COVID-19 in Sweden, and the significance of mortality displacement. We computed the expected mortality by taking into account the declining trend and the seasonality in mortality in the two countries over the past 20 years. From the excess mortality in Sweden in 2019/20, we estimated the YLL attributed to COVID-19 using the life expectancy in different age groups. We adjusted this estimate for possible displacement using an auto-regressive model for the year-to-year variations in excess mortality. We found that excess all-cause mortality over the epidemic year, July 2019 to July 2020, was 517 (95%CI = (12, 1074)) in Norway and 4329 [3331, 5325] in Sweden. There were 255 COVID-19 related deaths reported in Norway, and 5741 in Sweden, that year. During the epidemic period of 11 March–11 November, there were 6247 reported COVID-19 deaths and 5517 (4701, 6330) excess deaths in Sweden. We estimated that the number of YLL attributed to COVID-19 in Sweden was 45,850 [13,915, 80,276] without adjusting for mortality displacement and 43,073 (12,160, 85,451) after adjusting for the displacement accounted for by the auto-regressive model. In conclusion, we find good agreement between officially recorded COVID-19 related deaths and all-cause excess deaths in both countries during the first epidemic wave and no significant mortality displacement that can explain those deaths.

scholarly journals THE US MIDLIFE MORTALITY CRISIS CONTINUES: INCREASED DEATH RATES FROM CAUSES OTHER THAN COVID-19 DURING 2020

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dana A Glei
Keyword(s):  
Indirect Effect ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Excess Mortality ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
National Level ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Negative Binomial Regression ◽  
Negative Binomial Regression Model ◽  
Age Group ◽  
External Causes

COVID-19 has prematurely ended many lives, particularly among the oldest Americans, but the pandemic has also had an indirect effect on health and non-COVID mortality among the working-age population, who have suffered the brunt of the economic consequences. This analysis quantifies the changes in mortality for selected causes of death during the COVID 19 pandemic up to December 31, 2020, and investigates whether the levels of excess mortality varied by age group. The data comprise national-level monthly death counts by age group and selected causes of death from January 1999 to December 2020 combined with annual mid-year population estimates over the same period. A negative binomial regression model was used to estimate monthly cause-specific excess mortality during 2020 controlling for the pre-pandemic mortality patterns by age, calendar year, and season. To determine whether excess mortality varied by age, we tested interactions between broad age groups and dichotomous indicators for the pre-pandemic (January-February) and the pandemic (March-December) portions of 2020. In relative terms, excess all cause mortality (including COVID-19) peaked in December at ages 25-44 (RR=1.58 relative to 2019, 95% CI=1.50-1.68). Excluding COVID-19, all of the excess mortality occurred between ages 15 and 64, peaking in July among those aged 25-44 (RR=1.45, 95% CI 1.37-1.53). We find notable excess mortality during March-December 2020 for many causes (i.e., influenza/pneumonia, other respiratory diseases, diabetes, heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, kidney disease, and external causes), but almost exclusively among young and midlife (aged 25-74) Americans. For those aged 75 and older, there was little excess mortality from causes other than COVID-19 except from Alzheimer's disease. Excess non-COVID mortality may have resulted, at least partly, from incorrectly classified COVID-19 deaths, but neither misclassification nor an atypical flu season that disproportionately affected younger people is likely to explain the increase in mortality from external causes, which was evident even during January-February 2020. Exploratory analyses suggest that drug-related mortality may be driving the early rise in external mortality. The growth in drug overdoses well before there was any hint of a pandemic suggests it is probably not solely an indirect effect of COVID-19, although the pandemic may have exacerbated the problem.

Oral Health of Individuals with Cleft Lip, Cleft Palate, or Both

2004 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Maria Bastos Lages ◽  
Badeia Marcos ◽  
Isabela Almeida Pordeus
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
General Population ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Gingival Recession ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Visual Examination ◽  
Probing Depth

Objective To evaluate the oral health of children with cleft lip and palate. Design DMFT (dmft) and DMFS (dmfs) were calculated on the basis of visual examination. Periodontal disease was assessed by classical clinical parameters: volume gain, bleeding, probing depth, loss of insertion, gingival recession. and calculus. Patients Seventy-eight individuals aged 1 to 32 years took part in the study. Results The dmft was 2.91 (± 3.99) in the 1- to 5-year-old age group and 2.77 (± 3.15) in the 6- to 12-year-old group. The DMFT averages for the age groups of 6 to 12 years, 13 to 18 years, and 19 to 32 years were 1.87 (± 1.78), 6.46 (± 3.11), and 13.62 (± 6.51), respectively. A total of 5.3% of individuals presented a healthy periodontium, and 86.6% presented with gingivitis and 8% presented with periodontitis. Conclusions The dental and periodontal condition of individuals with cleft lip and palate was similar to the general population in the region in which this study was conducted. Good preventive measures should result in improved oral health similar to the general population and should be emphasized.

Effect of Age and Season on the Seminal Traits of Pure HF Bulls Under Tropical Condition

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
S H Sontakke ◽  
V H Shende ◽  
Ajeet Singh ◽  
J R Khadse ◽  
V V Potdar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Summer Season ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Tropical Condition ◽  
Standard Procedures ◽  
Group 6 ◽  
Significant Change ◽  
Effect Of Age ◽  
Intensive System

The study was conducted to assess the effect of age and season on seminal traits of pure HF bulls under tropical condition. A total of 30 HF bulls of age group up to 3, 4-5, 6-7, 8 and above 8 years were selected and divided into 3 seasons viz rainy, summer and winter. The breeding bulls were kept under intensive system of rearing as per MSP guidelines of India. Semen was collected, evaluated and data analyzed by using standard procedures. The overall production and all the seminal traits viz volume, initial motility and post thaw motility was found to be better in summer season as compare to rainy and winter season. However, there was no significant change in concentration due to season. Among all the age groups, 8 years and above were found to produce highest volume, post thaw motility and eventually more production. Highest percentage of initial motility was recorded among the youngest group of bulls and concentration was significantly (plessthan0.01) high in the age group 6-7years followed by 8 and above 8 years of age. The study revealed that age and season have highly significant (plessthan0.01) effect on all the seminal traits and production.

Breast cancer incidence in a large cohort of Peruvian women affiliated to a pre-paid system.

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e12570-e12570
Author(s):  
Juan F. Suazo ◽  
Priscila I. Valdiviezo ◽  
Claudio J. Flores ◽  
Jorge Iberico ◽  
Joseph A. Pinto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
At Risk ◽  
General Population ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Breast Cancer Incidence ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cumulative Risk ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Specific Rate ◽  
Age Group

e12570 Background: Breast cancer (BC) is the second most common malignancy and the leading cause of death by cancer in Peruvian women (age-standarized rate [ASR] of 34 new cases/100,000 women estimated by GLOBOCAN 2008). The purpose of this study was to assess the incidence of BCin acohort ofwomenat Oncosalud, an oncologic pre-paid system that currently has 600,000 affiliates. Methods: We evaluated a dynamic cohort (period 1989 to 2011) of women affiliatedat Oncosalud – AUNA, an oncologic prepaid system.The crude incidence rate per year (number of new cases/women at risk), the specific rate according to age (number of new cases / persons-year) and cumulative risk were calculated. Results: Overall, during the assessment period, the BC incidence rate per year was 175.6 and the ASR incidence was 111.9 per 100,000 affiliates respectively. In our cohort of affiliates there were no BC cases before 1993 (with 907 women at risk for that year). The highest incidence rate was 177.6 registered in 1997 (11,822 women at risk). Incidence rates started decreasing in 2003 (169.2 with a population at risk of 39,593 women). The lowest incidence was 71.5, registered in 2011 (279,680 women at risk).According to age-groups, there were no BC cases under20 years old. Specificincidence ratesper age-group increases from the 30 year old-group (55.8). The peak of BC incidence was between 70 to 74 years old (407.4). In the same way, the cumulative risk increases after 30 years old. Conclusions: In our cohort of affiliates, the incidence of BC is greater than the general population, it could be due to the process of negative selection; however, specific incidence rates per age-group and cumulative risk are increased after 30 years, as seen in the general population.

Excess mortality monitoring in England and Wales during the influenza A(H1N1) 2009 pandemic

2011 ◽  
Vol 139 (9) ◽  
pp. 1431-1439 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. HARDELID ◽  
N. ANDREWS ◽  
R. PEBODY
Keyword(s):  
Pandemic Influenza ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Excess Mortality ◽  
Cold Weather ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Age Group ◽  
England And Wales ◽  
Health Events ◽  
Influenza A H1n1 ◽  
All Cause Mortality

SUMMARYWe present the results from a novel surveillance system for detecting excess all-cause mortality by age group in England and Wales developed during the pandemic influenza A(H1N1) 2009 period from April 2009 to March 2010. A Poisson regression model was fitted to age-specific mortality data from 1999 to 2008 and used to predict the expected number of weekly deaths in the absence of extreme health events. The system included adjustment for reporting delays. During the pandemic, excess all-cause mortality was seen in the 5–14 years age group, where mortality was flagged as being in excess for 1 week after the second peak in pandemic influenza activity; and in age groups >45 years during a period of very cold weather. This new system has utility for rapidly estimating excess mortality for other acute public health events such as extreme heat or cold weather.

scholarly journals Multiple Sclerosis Mortality Rates in Canada, 1975-2009

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 134-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharon A. Warren ◽  
Wonita Janzen ◽  
Kenneth G. Warren ◽  
Lawrence W. Svenson ◽  
Donald P. Schopflocher
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
General Population ◽  
Age Distribution ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Age At Death ◽  
Annual Percent Change ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Statistics Canada ◽  
Using Data

ABSTRACTBackground: This study examined mortality due to multiple sclerosis (MS) in Canada, 1975-2009 to determine whether there has been a change in age at death relative to the general population and decrease in MS mortality rates. Methods: Mortality rates/100,000 population for MS and all causes were calculated using data derived from Statistics Canada, age-standardized to the 2006 population. Results: The average annual Canadian MS mortality rate, 1975-2009 was 1.23/100,000. Five-year rates for 1975-79, 1980-84, 1985-89, 1990-94, 1995-99, 2000-04, 2005-09 were: 1.16, 0.94, 1.01, 1.16, 1.30, 1.43, 1.33. Trend analysis showed mortality rates over the entire 35 years were stable (average annual percent change of less than one percent). The average annual 1975-2009 rates for females and males were 1.45 and 0.99. Five-year female rates were always higher than males. Regardless of gender, there was a decrease in MS mortality rates in the 0-39 age group and increases in the 60-69, 70-79, and 80+ groups over time. In contrast, there were decreases in all-cause mortality rates across each age group. The highest MS mortality rates for 1975-2009 were consistently in the 50-59 and 60-69 groups for both genders, while the highest all-cause mortality rates were in the 80+ group. Conclusions: Changes in the age distribution of MS mortality rates indicate a shift to later age at death, possibly due to improved health care. However MS patients remain disadvantaged relative to the general population and changes in age at death are not reflected in decreased mortality rates.

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