scholarly journals A decisão de emigrar: um estudo a partir da perspetiva da pluralidade disposicional

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 (81) ◽  
Author(s):  
João Teixeira Lopes ◽  
José Pedro Silva ◽  
Rafaela Ganga ◽  
Rui Machado Gomes ◽  
Dulce Magalhães ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Social Processes ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Observation Scale ◽  
The Social ◽  
Individual Observation ◽  
The Individual

<span>This paper analyses the Portuguese high-skilled emigration, focusing on the emigration decision-making process. This article aims to understand the dispositions leading to this decision, and the social processes that explain its origin, sedimentation and activation. To this end, and using the theoretical and methodological approach of Bernard Lahire, 53 sociological portraits of skilled Portuguese who emigrated to other European countries are cross-sectional analyzed. This analysis is supplemented by data from a survey previously administered. Thus, we will address how the migratory dispositions are built through the individual biographies, highlighting the heuristic potential of the individual observation scale.</span>

The Staged Nature of Decision Making among Senior Tourists

2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 602-613 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Luis Nicolau ◽  
Nieves Losada ◽  
Elisa Alén ◽  
Trinidad Domínguez
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Social Character ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Decision Stage ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Way

This article builds on the idea that senior tourists’ decision making is a staged process in which the different choices are sequential, interrelated, and interdependent. These decisions are “whether to take a vacation," “whether to opt for an international trip," “whether to use an organized tour," and “whether to use publicly subsidized travel.” Considering the social character of many trips offered to seniors, the fourth decision of the proposed process makes it unique. No research has empirically considered using a staged decision making in the context of senior travelers, and the proposed model quantifies the effect of each variable based on the decision the individual is dealing with; also, the way a variable changes its effect even within the same decision stage depending on the individual is analyzed by including heterogeneity into the modeling. The results find that senior tourists follow the proposed four-staged decision-making process rather than the basic two-stage decision-making process.

Social Cognitive Bias

2018 ◽  
pp. 110-132
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Social Group ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Cognitive Biases ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Ingroup Bias ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Social Decision Making

Within social psychology and sociology there is a field of study in charge of studying how the social group affects the individual in all areas. In fact, several studies have found that the social decision-making process can be influenced by cognitive biases. This fields establishes two large categories of social groups called ingroup and outgroup depending on whether individuals are part of this group or not. Therefore, an ingroup is a social group to which a person psychologically identifies as being a member. By contrast, an outgroup is a social group with which an individual does not identify. Moreover, the psychological membership of social groups and categories can be related with different aspects such as race, profession, religion, among others, so that individuals can categorize themselves and others in different ways, usually dependent on the context. This categorization that individuals do based in the pertinence to a group and the influence of the group on the person reproduce in the person social cognitive biases that can lead to erroneous decisions. Within these biases the best known is the ingroup bias. This chapter explores some of these social biases and how they influence the decision-making process.

scholarly journals Researching relationality: Reflections on the use of concept cards during in-depth interviews

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 205979912110355
Author(s):  
Kristina Saunders
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Knowledge Production ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Reproductive Decisions ◽  
Reproductive Decision ◽  
Political World ◽  
Reproductive Decision Making ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Depth Interviews

This article reflects on the use of concept cards during in-depth interviews when researching reproductive decision-making in the context of neoliberalism and postfeminism. As existing literature has shown, card methods are valuable in centring participants’ individual experiences through increased control and inclusion during data collection, and attention has been drawn to their use as an ethically attentive method that can elicit richer, more complex narratives than interviews alone. While these strengths initially led me to consider the cards as an appropriate ‘fit’ with my feminist methodological approach, on reflection, the cards also illuminated the relationality of experiences that my research was concerned with. I view this as occurring in two ways. First, participants’ use of the cards helped to uncover the intertwining of their reproductive decisions with the social and political world, therefore complicating the neoliberal prioritization of the individual. Second, the cards brought the relation between myself and the participants, and between the participants, to the forefront. The reflections in this article therefore offer new insights into what concept cards can achieve, as not only validating individual accounts, but as enhancing the relationality of knowledge production.

Women in Power and Decision making Positions : Conditions and Restraints

1970 ◽  
pp. 53-57
Author(s):  
Azza Charara Baydoun
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Political Participation ◽  
Political Life ◽  
The Political ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Power Structures ◽  
Policies And Procedures ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Status ◽  
Slow Progress

Women today are considered to be outside the political and administrative power structures and their participation in the decision-making process is non-existent. As far as their participation in the political life is concerned they are still on the margins. The existence of patriarchal society in Lebanon as well as the absence of governmental policies and procedures that aim at helping women and enhancing their political participation has made it very difficult for women to be accepted as leaders and to be granted votes in elections (UNIFEM, 2002).This above quote is taken from a report that was prepared to assess the progress made regarding the status of Lebanese women both on the social and governmental levels in light of the Beijing Platform for Action – the name given to the provisions of the Fourth Conference on Women held in Beijing in 1995. The above quote describes the slow progress achieved by Lebanese women in view of the ambitious goal that requires that the proportion of women occupying administrative or political positions in Lebanon should reach 30 percent of thetotal by the year 2005!

The transformation of the decision-making process on the part of economic agents influenced by social constraints

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. 1202-1222
Author(s):  
M.V. Grechko ◽  
L.A. Kobina ◽  
S.A. Goncharenko
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Consumer Choice ◽  
Social Constraints ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Economic Knowledge ◽  
Economic Agents ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Contextual Environment ◽  
Economic Constraints ◽  
External Signals

Subject. The article focuses on the decision-making mechanism used by economic agents given the existing social constraints. Objectives. We devise applied toolkit to study how socio-economic constraints transform the decision-making mechanism used by economic agents. Methods. The study involves means of the expert survey, the method that streamlines economic knowledge. Results. Social constraints are illustrated to influence the decision-making mechanism used by economic agents, assuming that the individual mind relies on specific mechanisms to make judgments and decisions. Generally, the mechanisms are very useful, however they may generate serious errors during the decision-making process. Given the social constraints, economic agents were found to follow four mental models to make their decisions in case of the full or partial uncertainty, i.e. the representative relevance, accessibility, relations, heuristics (modeling). Conclusions and Relevance. The scientific ideas herein show that the inner architecture of a choice an individual makes determines his or her decisions. The decisions often depend on the contextual environment that gives external signals perceived by the individual while evaluating alternative ways. The findings can possibly be used as a mechanism to manage the consumer choice.

Les chefs de cabinets ministériels au Québec: la transition du gouvernement libéral au gouvernement péquiste (1976–1977)

1981 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 309-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Micheline Plasse
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Civil Service ◽  
The State ◽  
Comparative Perspective ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
The Social ◽  
Economic Forces ◽  
The Government

This article first presents a brief survey of the role and functions filled by the personal aide (chef de cabinet) of a minister in Quebec. The analysis continues, in a comparative perspective, by tracing a sociological and professional portrait of the Liberal“chefs de cabinet” in April 1976 and their successors in the pequiste government in July 1977.We then test the hypothesis that the cleavage between the government and the dominant economic forces has increased since November 15, 1976 as a result of the ideology articulated by the“chefs de cabinet” regarding the social and economic aims of the state. This hypothesis was confirmed.The hypothesis that the pequiste“chefs de cabinet” exercise a more pronounced influence on the decision-making process is also confirmed. Nevertheless, one cannot argue that the pequiste“chefs de cabinet” usurped the power of the legislators; their influence is more political than technocratic. The growing influence of the pequiste“chefs de cabinet” neverthelsss helps to accentuate the tensions and conflicts between the higher civil service and the ministerial aides.

Developing algorithms to optimize the Russian regions' social overheads advancement

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 264-299
Author(s):  
Valerii P. CHICHKANOV ◽  
Aleksandra V. VASIL'EVA
Keyword(s):  
Social Development ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Russian Regions ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
Social Sphere ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Relationship

Subject. This article analyzes the effectiveness of public administration in the social sphere. Objectives. The article aims to standardize the decision-making process for managing the region's social development through statistical analysis techniques. Methods. For the study, we used correlation and cluster analyses. Results. The article highlights weaknesses in the development of the social sphere and assesses the relationship between the individual areas of its development, and the effectiveness of its financing. It offers algorithms that take into account the patterns of social development and the specifics of certain types of economic activity. Conclusions. The results obtained were used to develop algorithms to optimize the development of the social sphere at the regional level. The socio-economic differentiation of the Russian Federation subjects in a number of regions requires an analysis of the specifics of the development of the social sphere of the region under consideration and adjustments to the proposed algorithms.

scholarly journals Multicriteria Evaluation of Urban Regeneration Processes: An Application of PROMETHEE Method in Northern Italy

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Bottero ◽  
Chiara D’Alpaos ◽  
Alessandra Oppio
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Decision Problem ◽  
Swot Analysis ◽  
Evaluation Model ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Urban Regeneration ◽  
Northern Italy ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Promethee Method ◽  
Regeneration Processes

The paper illustrates the development of an evaluation model for supporting the decision-making process related to an urban regeneration intervention. In particular, the study proposes an original multi-methodological approach, which combines SWOT Analysis, Stakeholders Analysis and PROMETHEE method for the evaluation of alternative renewal strategies of an urban area in Northern Italy. The article also describes the work carried out within an experts’ panel that has been organized for validating the structuring of the decision problem and for evaluating the criteria of the model.

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