scholarly journals Analysis of Identity Construction through Positioning Acts in Nigerian Vice-Presidential Debate Discourses

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Amaka Grace Nwuche ◽  
Goodluck Chinenye Kadiri ◽  
Ogechi Chiamaka Unachukwu
Keyword(s):  
Identity Construction ◽  
Political Development ◽  
Positioning Theory ◽  
Moral Order ◽  
Discursive Practices ◽  
Self And Other ◽  
Discourse Practices ◽  
Political Debates ◽  
Language Structure ◽  
Presidential Debate

More often in political debates, participants do not readily expound their identities and attitudes; they employ language structure that requires the analysis of the placing of self/other in certain positions for comprehension. Hence, this study aims at exploring identity construction through positioning act strategies and the identities projected in the discourse practices by two vice presidential debate candidates in defining selves/others, parties’ stance and group categorization. The study used Langenhove and Harre (1999) positioning theory. The data for the study are delimited to five excerpts randomly selected from thirty-two online-transcribed discourses between two debate participants. Findings reveal that the candidates made use of first and second order performative and accountive positioning acts to implicate self/party’s moral order and positive stance and the other’s immoral attributes. The modes of positioning are moral, personal, intentional, deliberate self and other and forced self-positioning. The discursive practices involved are such that are strategically manipulated to divulge the individual’s attitudes to the socio-economic and political development of the nation, thereby portraying the following identities: Scrupulous, dogged, competent, loyalist and committed (self/group) identity and corrupt minded, incompetent, failure and uncommitted (others) identity. In conclusion, the knowledge of the concepts of positioning and its applicability to the understanding of political debates is essential for the understanding of the politicians’ ideologies and identities as well as their stance on the nation’s growth.

Positioning selves, doing relational work and constructing identities in interview talk

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth R. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Identity Construction ◽  
Past Experience ◽  
Positioning Theory ◽  
The Other ◽  
Analytic Approach ◽  
Local Interactions ◽  
Self And Other ◽  
Vietnamese Woman ◽  
Relational Work ◽  
Interview Conversation

AbstractThis article draws on positioning theory and uses Bamberg’s (2005) three-level analytic approach to analyze how identity construction and relational work implicate the other and are co-constitutive processes in local interactions. To that end, it examines a sequence of excerpts taken from an interview involving the author and a Vietnamese woman and analyzes the co-constructed positioning of self and other that developed over the course of the interview conversation. The article focuses on how (non)delicate topics are introduced, responded to, modified and developed as the interviewee reports on past experience and adopts evaluative stances toward topics initiated by the interviewer. The study further highlights how normative ideologies are indexed and reconstituted in such talk, and points to their role in making particular identities relevant and in mobilizing relational work in local interactions.

Culture, Pedagogy, and Power: Issues in the Production of Values and Colonialization

1988 ◽  
Vol 170 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas S. Popkewitz
Keyword(s):  
Multicultural Education ◽  
Power Relations ◽  
Self And Other ◽  
Discourse Practices ◽  
Political Debates ◽  
Social Interests ◽  
Social Fields ◽  
Western Values ◽  
And Control

The problem of culture contains contradictory social interests. It gives reference in current political debates about the role of dominant traditions and disenfranchised groups, providing a point of reference to the tensions of modernization and control by the state. The concept of culture also entails the creation of social fields that contain power relations. Current educational reforms to alter participation and teaching can be viewed as discourse practices that establish forms of representation of self and other related to particular Western values. Efforts toward multicultural education may in fact normalize power relations and enable the supervision and regulation of individuals in a far more powerful way than older forms of colonialization.

TURN TAKING STRATEGIES IN POLITICAL DEBATES

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 56-63
Author(s):  
Desi Dwi Natalia ◽  
Fajar Subekti ◽  
Ni Ketut Mirahayuni
Keyword(s):  
Dominant Strategy ◽  
Political Debates ◽  
Communication Mechanism ◽  
Turn Taking ◽  
Youtube Videos ◽  
Presidential Debate ◽  
Descriptive Qualitative

This article reports on two separate studies—Natalia (2019) and Subekti (2019)—on  communication mechanism in political debates. Specifically these studies focus on turn taking strategies adopted in political debates by political figures during their campaign for presidency or in dealing with specific issues. Both studies adopted Stenstrom’s (1994) classification of turn taking strategies which include three main strategies: taking the turn, holding the turn, and yielding the turn, each of which was further specified into more specific strategies. The data were two Youtube videos: first, Trump and Clinton First Presidential Debate 2016 (36 minutes 22 seconds [Natalia, 2019]) and second, BBC World Debate “Why Poverty”November 30,2012 (47 minutes 16 seconds, [Subekti, 2019]). Employing descriptive qualitative, with the aim of analyzing turn taking strategies adopted in the debates, both studies found interesting points: first, Stenstrom’s three strategies appeared in the debates; second, taking the turn strategy was the dominant strategy, followed by holding the turn strategy and the least used one was yielding to turn; and third, interruption which was a specific type of taking the turn strategy seems to be most often used in the debater’s attempt to maintain the turn and present their points and thus dominate the debate.

Hail Columbia!

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Lohman
Keyword(s):  
Political Development ◽  
Political Legitimacy ◽  
War Of 1812 ◽  
Early American Republic ◽  
Revolutionary Era ◽  
Early American ◽  
Political Beliefs ◽  
Political Debates ◽  
Political Dominance ◽  
The Government

This book examines music as political expression in the early American republic from the post-revolutionary era through the aftermath of the War of 1812. Americans used music as a discursive tool during every major political development. The nation’s leaders faced challenges ranging from threats to the structure of the government to impressment, all amid the nearly constant threat of embroilment in European war and insecurity about the republic’s viability. Americans responded by using music to protest, stifle protest, propagandize, and vie for political dominance. Through music they persuaded, intimidated, lauded, legitimated, and demonized their fellow Americans based on their political beliefs and actions. In music they debated crucial questions about the roles and rights of citizens, the structure of government, and the pursuit of peace and prosperity. They used music to construct powerful narratives about the nation’s history, values, and institutions; to celebrate the accomplishments of country, community, and individual; and to reinforce a sense of identity in national and partisan terms. Organized chronologically, chapters address musical forms of propaganda during ratification of the Constitution, musical expression of transnational revolutionary aspirations, Federalist and Republican narratives of political legitimacy in music, political debates in music during the embargo years, and musical myth-making during the War of 1812. The conclusion summarizes this music’s reception through the remainder of the nineteenth century.

scholarly journals Sprechen Wir Deutsch? The construction of identity in Austria and South Tyrol

COMPASS ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 25-30
Author(s):  
Barbara L. Hilden
Keyword(s):  
Identity Construction ◽  
Group Identity ◽  
Positioning Theory ◽  
The South ◽  
Linguistic Identity ◽  
Lexical Development ◽  
South Tyrol ◽  
Construction Of Identity ◽  
Pronoun Use ◽  
The Creation

This paper examines some of the linguistic tools, techniques, means, and methods by which the populations of Austria and South Tyrol construct identity. In order to better situate these two communities, this paper begins with an overview of the conditions which led to the creation of each state. It then explains some of the ways in which language can be used as a tool of identity construction. Positioning theory details ways both these groups create categories of separationand belonging. Citing the use of Austrian German, dialect in literature, differing pronunciation, and lexical development, this paper examines how the population of Austria constructs a linguistic identity distancing itself from Germany. This paper also examines how, using similar linguistic tools such as pronoun use and naming techniques, the population of South Tyrol constructs its identity. In contrast to Austria, the South Tyroleans align themselves with Germany, creating closer ties with Germanic neighbours while distancing themselves from Italy. Each population positions itself in relation to Germany, either with or against, using linguistic tools to create a group identity.

Place identity construction in Greek neomigrants’ social media discourse

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 136-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariza Georgalou
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Identity Construction ◽  
Place Identity ◽  
Place Making ◽  
Online Ethnography ◽  
Discourse Practices ◽  
Discourse Strategies ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Media Discourses

Abstract The phenomenon of brain drain migration from Greece, also known as Greek neomigration, has acquired an astoundingly massive character due to the ongoing economic crisis in the country. Considering that a migrant’s identity is defined by a physical move from one place to another, this paper aims at exploring the discourse practices of place-making by Greek neomigrants, focusing on the role of social media in this endeavour. Drawing on discourse analysis (Myers 2010; Aguirre and Graham Davies 2015), identity construction theories (Blommaert 2005; Benwell and Stokoe 2006), environmental psychology (Proshansky, Fabian and Kaminoff 1983) and discourse-centred online ethnography (Androutsopoulos 2008), this study presents and discusses empirical data from a Greek neomigrant settled in the UK, who writes about his migration experience on his blog as well as on his Twitter and Facebook accounts. The analysis demonstrates that the Greek neomigrant place identity construction can be realized through a complex of linguistic and discourse strategies, including comparison and evaluation, construction of in-groups and out-groups, language and script alternations, entextualisation of other voices, and visual connotations. It is shown that, for migrants, social media constitute significant outlets for place-making, constructing place identity and asserting (or eschewing) belonging. In so doing, it also brings to the surface crucial social, cultural and psychological aspects of the current Greek neomigration phenomenon and confirms the potential of social media discourses to heighten awareness of neomigrants’ dis/integrating processes, placing discourse analysis at the service of global mobility phenomena.

scholarly journals Discourse genres as determiners of discursive regularities: A case of semiotic predictability?

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 355-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeoffrey Gaspard
Keyword(s):  
Meaning Making ◽  
Discursive Practice ◽  
Discursive Practices ◽  
Ideal Case ◽  
Political Debates ◽  
Text Corpora ◽  
Communication Situations ◽  
Medical Interviews ◽  
Research Orientations ◽  
Random Nature

This article focuses on discursive regularities that can generally be observed in text corpora produced in similar communication situations (medical interviews, political debates, teaching classes, etc.). One type of such regularities is related to the so-called ‘discourse genres’, considered as a set of tacit instructions broadly constraining the forms of utterances in a given discursive practice. Those regularities highlight the relatively regulated, non-random nature of most of our discursive practices and epitomize the necessary constrained creativity of meaning making in discourse. In this perspective, we suggest that the concepts of Thirdness and Habit, as theorized by Charles S. Peirce, can be fruitful in describing the role and importance of such regularities in our sociodiscursive life. More specifically, we believe that discourse regularities are ideal case studies if one wishes to investigate instances of predictability in semiotic (discursive) processes. Overall, we suggest that their study can be one of many research orientations through which a prediction-based scientific conception of semiotics could be applied.

scholarly journals “…because I’m just a stupid woman from an ngo”: Interviews and the interplay between constructions of gender and professional identity

Pragmatics ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 327-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marlene Miglbauer
Keyword(s):  
Identity Construction ◽  
Positioning Theory ◽  
Professional Identities ◽  
Chronological Order ◽  
Gender Identities ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Past ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Interview Setting

Over the last decade, using interviews to analyse identity construction has been gaining in popularity (de Fina 2003; Johnson 2006; Baynham 2011) and, given this interest, analysing identities has become a much debated issue that is being approached from various angles. Regarding interviews as interaction between the interviewee and interviewer, and stories in the interviews as emerging from interactional dynamics (de Fina 2009), this paper draws attention to the emergence of identity at different levels. First, identities emerge at the level of the interview narrative, which is ongoing talk as it evolves in real time and consists of reporting facts, giving opinions on, and explaining aspects of, various topics to the interviewer. Second, identities emerge in stories which are included in the ongoing talk. Stories refer to actions in the past, usually told in chronological order. In contrast to interview narratives which are initiated by the interviewer, stories in interviews are primarily instigated by the interviewees to further support their identity co-construction in the interview setting. The interview setting is thus the third level of identity construction in interviews. By applying the framework of identities occurring at different levels in interviews and Positioning Theory (Harré and van Langenhove 1999), this paper analyses the construction of professional gender identities in the workplace, the interplay between these identities, and the dependence of these constructions on the ‘interview as context’. The stories themselves reveal how, in the workplace, there may be a conflict between professional and gender identities. More specifically such stories make visible the way in which interviewees construct their professional identities in order to resist gender identities that are projected onto them.

scholarly journals Analyzing Presidential Debates

2011 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pekka Isotalus
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Cultural Perspective ◽  
Presidential Debates ◽  
Functional Theory ◽  
Political Debates ◽  
Political Campaigning ◽  
Presidential Debate

Abstract One of the most used theories in the research of political debates is the functional theory of campaign discourse. However, the theory has been criticized for being too culturally limited. In the present article, a Finnish presidential debate is analyzed from the perspective of functional theory. The goal is to critically evaluate the applicability of functional theory to the analysis of Finnish political campaigning. The results show that a Finnish presidential debate differs in many ways from an American presidential debate. The study shows how strongly the culture is reflected in political television debates and how important it is to take account of the cultural perspective in the development of a theory.

scholarly journals Exploring the Reality and Aspirations of Muslims

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Hisanori Kato
Keyword(s):  
Political Development ◽  
Sociological Analysis ◽  
Single Entity ◽  
Political Debates ◽  
Difference Of Opinion ◽  
The Difference

Islam in Indonesia has played an important role in socio-political development in its recorded history. However, it is also true that there have been various theological and political debates and disagreements in the umat. The implementation of syari’at Islam is one of the major subjects of such discussions. The emergence of liberal movement in the post-Suharto era also brought about the difference of opinion among Muslims. In other words, the umat has never been united as a single entity in Indonesia. This “divided” umat faces several challenges in the present day in Indonesia. That includes terrorism committed by militant Muslims. In addition to the effort to prevent terrorism, it is equally important to de-radicalise perpetrators of such violent and barbaric acts. Despite some discrepancy in the umat, we see several attempts and cooperation of Muslims to make former terrorists reintegrated in the society. This paper shows how the re-radicalisation programme for former terrorist executed. The author also intends to examine the socio-political development of the umat in modern Indonesia with regard to subjects of syari’at Islam and liberal movement. Based on these examinations, sociological analysis on religion is also presented in the paper.

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