Screening of Biochemical Abnormalities in Suicide Attempters Irrespective of Psychiatric Diagnosis: A Cross-sectional Study

Introduction: Empirical studies have documented the impact of membrane cholesterol on serotonergic function which might influence the suicidality in various psychiatric disorders. Most studies in last two decades demonstrated low cholesterol as potential predictor of suicidality in depression but trends of metabolic disorders and current status of hypercholesterolemia and biochemical abnormalities in suicidal spectrum population is scarce. Aim: The present study was aimed to comprehensively evaluate the blood levels of cholesterol and other biochemical abnormalities (serum electrolytes, proteins, blood pH etc.,) irrespective of any psychiatric disorders in suicide attempters. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on a total of 202 patients who visited our emergency hospital services with the suicidal attempt from 1st January 2019 till 31st December 2019 for a period of 12 Months. Blood evaluation and analysis were done on the same day of hospitalisation for complete blood counts, serum electrolytes, proteins and cholesterol levels. Clinical and standardised psychological evaluations for psychiatric diagnosis were performed. The results were analysed and compared using descriptive and inferential statistics based on SPSS software 21.01. Results: Out of 202 total suicide attempters, 120 (59.4%) were males and 82 (40.6%) were females with most patients 111 (54.9%) falling in the age range of 20-29; while 175 (86.6%) of patients had their first ever suicide or deliberate harm. A total of 169 (83.7%) of patients had normal complete blood counts but 106 (52.5%) showed acidic pH (<7.3) while only 5 (2.5%) of the patients had alkalosis. Serum potassium was abnormal in 43 (21.3%) patients. Further serum chloride was deranged in 13(6.4%) while serum albumin was deranged in 17 (8.4%). About 27 (13.4%) found to have increased serum cholesterol and none of them had low cholesterol. Conclusion: Excessive and dampened reactivity of biomolecular parameters including hypercholesterolemia may modulate the neurobiological stress system associated with increased suicidality. This may be one of the predictors irrespective of the underlying psychiatric disorders.

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Frequency of Psychiatric Disorders in Suicide Attempters: A Cross-Sectional Study from Low-Income Country

Cureus ◽

10.7759/cureus.14669 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

FNU Pooja ◽

Payal Chhabria ◽

Pardeep Kumar ◽

FNU Kalpana ◽

Pardeep Kumar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Psychiatric Disorders ◽

Low Income ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Income Country ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Suicide Attempters ◽

Low Income Country

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Relationship Pattern of Personality Disorder Traits in Major Psychiatric Disorders: A Cross-Sectional Study

Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine ◽

10.1177/0253717621999537 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 025371762199953

Author(s):

Bhavneesh Saini ◽

Pir Dutt Bansal ◽

Mamta Bahetra ◽

Arvind Sharma ◽

Priyanka Bansal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Personality Disorder ◽

Psychiatric Disorders ◽

Psychotic Disorders ◽

Age Of Onset ◽

Psychiatric Patients ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Psychotic Symptoms ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Neurotic Disorders

Background: Normal personality development, gone awry due to genetic or environmental factors, results in personality disorders (PD). These often coexist with other psychiatric disorders, affecting their outcome adversely. Considering the heterogeneity of data, more research is warranted. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study on personality traits in psychiatric patients of a tertiary hospital, over 1 year. Five hundred and twenty-five subjects, aged 18–45 years, with substance, psychotic, mood, or neurotic disorders were selected by convenience sampling. They were evaluated for illness-related variables using psychiatric pro forma; diagnostic confirmation and severity assessment were done using ICD-10 criteria and suitable scales. Personality assessment was done using the International Personality Disorder Examination after achieving remission. Results: Prevalence of PD traits and PDs was 56.3% and 4.2%, respectively. While mood disorders were the diagnostic group with the highest prevalence of PD traits, it was neurotic disorders for PDs. Patients with PD traits had a past psychiatric history and upper middle socioeconomic status (SES); patients with PDs were urban and unmarried. Both had a lower age of onset of psychiatric illness. Psychotic patients with PD traits had higher and lower PANSS positive and negative scores, respectively. The severity of personality pathology was highest for mixed cluster and among neurotic patients. Clusterwise prevalence was cluster C > B > mixed > A (47.1%, 25.2%, 16.7%, and 11.4%). Among subtypes, anankastic (18.1%) and mixed (16.7%) had the highest prevalence. Those in the cluster A group were the least educated and with lower SES than others. Conclusions: PD traits were present among 56.3% of the patients, and they had many significant sociodemographic and illness-related differences from those without PD traits. Cluster C had the highest prevalence. Among patients with psychotic disorders, those with PD traits had higher severity of psychotic symptoms.

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Underdiagnosis of psychiatric disorders in people with intellectual disabilities: Differences between psychiatric disorders and challenging behaviour

Journal of Intellectual Disabilities ◽

10.1177/1744629518798259 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 24 (3) ◽

pp. 326-338 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Carlos Peña-Salazar ◽

Francesc Arrufat ◽

Josep Manel Santos ◽

Abel Fontanet ◽

Gretel González-Castro ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Disorders ◽

Psychiatric Disorders ◽

Psychiatric Diagnosis ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Assessment Tools ◽

Challenging Behaviour ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Intelligence Scale ◽

Severely Handicapped ◽

People With Intellectual Disabilities

Background and purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess the level of mental disorders and challenging behaviour in individuals with intellectual disability (ID) supported by specialized services, but without a prior psychiatric diagnosis, and to compare the levels of different disorders depending on the severity of ID. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study ( N = 142) of population with ID. Inclusion criteria were the following: adult patients with ID and with no previous psychiatric diagnosis prior to this survey. The Wechsler Adults Intelligence Scale-II, the Psychiatric Assessment Schedule for Adults with Developmental Disability checklist and clinical interview, the Diagnostic Assessment for the Severely Handicapped scale and the Inventory for Client and Agency Planning were the assessment tools. Results: A previously undiagnosed mental disorder was found in 29.6% of the sample. The most prevalent mental disorders were major depressive and anxiety disorders. An association between psychiatric comorbidity and challenging behaviour was found only for mild/moderate ID, especially for affective disorders. Conclusions: The presence of a psychiatric as well as a medical comorbidity is associated with severe ID, unlike challenging behaviour. Clinical limitations of the study have been discussed.

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Clinical features of alcoholic suicide attempters/ non-attempters

Psychiatric Bulletin ◽

10.1192/pb.20.11.656 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 20 (11) ◽

pp. 656-659

Author(s):

Meena Agarwal ◽

Keith Gaskell

Keyword(s):

Antisocial Personality Disorder ◽

Psychiatric Comorbidity ◽

Attempted Suicide ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Antisocial Personality ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Treatment Unit ◽

Suicide Attempters ◽

High Incidence

A cross-sectional study of 74 consecutive alcoholic patients admitted to a subregional alcohol treatment unit examines the socio-demographic and clinical differences between those who had/had not attempted suicide, and investigates their relationships to current suicidal ideation. The suicide attempters were significantly younger, separated and unemployed. They began regular drinking earlier, were more severely dependent and had a higher proportion of major depression, antisocial personality disorder and another drug abuse. The results suggest a high incidence of suicidal behaviour in alcoholics and high psychiatric comorbidity in alcoholics who attempt suicide.

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Frequency and Severity of Adverse Drug Reactions to Medications Prescribed for Alzheimer’s Disease in a Brazilian City: Cross-Sectional Study

Frontiers in Pharmacology ◽

10.3389/fphar.2020.538095 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 ◽

Author(s):

Tânia Regina Ferreira ◽

Luciane Cruz Lopes ◽

Cristiane de Càssia Bergamaschi

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Alzheimer’S Disease ◽

Alzheimer's Disease ◽

Health System ◽

Psychiatric Disorders ◽

Public Health System ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Drug Reactions ◽

Cross Sectional

Background: There is lack of national studies that assess the risks associated with the drugs provided under the Brazilian public health system for treating Alzheimer’s disease. Then, this study determined the prevalence and severity of self-reported adverse drug reactions (ADRs) prescribed to patients with Alzheimer’s disease in the Brazilian public health system.Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out based on public data from the MEDEX system (information on dispensing data, known as exceptional dispensing medications) and interviews with patients and/or caregivers who get access to Alzheimer’s drugs at a public pharmacy in a large Brazilian city, between July and September 2017, inquiring about ADRs and serious adverse events (SAEs).Results: The subjects were asked about ADRs and SAEs related to the use of donepezil, galantamine, rivastigmine and memantine. Out of 285 patients enrolled on the database, 250 participated in the study (87.7%). Among the participants, approximately 63.0% were female, 70.3% aged ≥75 years and 70.3% had comorbidities. Overall, 209 patients (83.6%) reported at least one ADR (total 1,149 ADRs) and rivastigmine was associated with the largest number of ADRs per patient (7.9 ADRs/patient). The predominant adverse effects were psychiatric disorders with common frequency (57.1%) and mild severity (89.0%). Six patients (2.4%) had SAEs that required hospitalization. The use of antipsychotics was the variable associated with ADR (OR = 4.95; 95% CI: 1.45–16.93; p = 0.011).Conclusion: There was a large number of reported ADRs and most of them were of common frequency and mild severity, being mainly related to psychiatric disorders. Considering the fragility of these patients, it is important to improve safety-related care in the use of drugs for treating this disease.

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Assessment of drug attitude, medication adherence and quality of life among psychiatric patients in South Indian population: a cross sectional study

International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology ◽

10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20185159 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 61

Author(s):

Suganya Ganesan ◽

Nitya Selvaraj ◽

Vinoth Krishna Dass ◽

Nalinidevi Jayabalan ◽

Meher Ali Rajamohammad ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Medication Adherence ◽

Psychiatric Disorders ◽

Psychiatric Patients ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Medication Nonadherence ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Drug Attitude

Background: In spite of many progresses in treatment of psychiatric disorders, medication nonadherence plays an important role in worsening of clinical condition and affects quality of life among psychiatric patients. There are numerous factors contributing for medication nonadherence among patients with mental illness. So, this study was conducted to assess psychiatric patients’ adherence of medication and to improve their quality of life with psychiatric disorder. The objectives of the study were to analyze impact of pharmacophilia and pharmacophobia on medication adherence among patients with psychiatric disorders at a tertiary care hospital and to assess quality of life among pharmacophilic and pharmacophobic patients.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in outpatient psychiatric department for a period of two months. After obtaining informed voluntary consent, patient’s socio-demographic details, diagnosis, and treatment were recorded from prescription slip. Patients above 18yr age with psychiatric diagnosis as per International Classification of Diseases 10 (ICD-10) and receiving at least one psychotropic medication for >1 month were enrolled in study and assessed using: Drug attitude inventory classification (DAI-10); Medication Rating Scale (MARS); Quality of life enjoyment and satisfaction Questionnaire-Short Form (Q-LES-Q-SF).Results: Among 130 patients, 116 were pharmacophilic and 14 were pharmacophobic as per DAI-10 scale. 81.9% of pharmacophilic were adherent to prescribed medication assessed using MARS scale only 14.3% were pharmacophobic. The quality of life was better in pharmacophilic compared to pharmacophobic group (p=0.002) using Q-LES-Q-SF.Conclusions: This study concluded that pharmacophilic patients have higher adherence and good quality of life index compared to pharmacophobic. Proper counselling of pharmacophobic patients by psychiatrists could improve adherence and QOL.

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Psychiatric Disorders in Diabetic Patients in Rafsanjan

Psychological Disorders and Research ◽

10.31487/j.pdr.2021.01.02 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-4

Author(s):

Reza Bidaki ◽

Parvin Agha Mohamad Hasani ◽

Maryam Alireza Zade ◽

Rezvan Sadr Mohammadi ◽

Reza Bidaki ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Psychiatric Disorders ◽

Common Mental Disorders ◽

Risk Groups ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Demographic Questionnaire ◽

Patients With Diabetes ◽

Diabetes Center

Objective: To determine prevalence rates, associated features, and risk factors for psychiatric disorders subsequent to the diagnosis of IDDM. Methods: In this cross-sectional study were been selected 100 randomly who referred to Rafsanjan Diabetes Center. The data of this study is gathered demographic questionnaire and Minnesota Multi-phasic Personality Inventory (MMPI). Data was analysed with software SPSS-17. Results: 76% of the patients were female and 24% were men 45.4% of the illiterate population. The results showed hypochondriasis (22%) and schizophrenia (19%) and depression (11%) are three psychiatric disorders that patients with diabetes in high-risk groups have reported. Conclusion: The present study demonstrated that about 30-45% of patients with diabetes suffered from common mental disorders. The prevalence of some psychiatric disorders is considerable in diabetic patients in Rafsanjan.

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Cross-Sectional Study on Prevalences of Psychiatric Disorders in Mutation Carriers of Huntington's Disease Compared With Mutation-Negative First-Degree Relatives

The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry ◽

10.4088/jcp.v69n1116 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 69 (11) ◽

pp. 1804-1810 ◽

Cited By ~ 61

Author(s):

Erik van Duijn ◽

Elisabeth M. Kingma ◽

Reinier Timman ◽

Frans G. Zitman ◽

Aad Tibben ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Huntington's Disease ◽

Psychiatric Disorders ◽

Huntington’S Disease ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

First Degree Relatives ◽

Mutation Carriers

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Serum Creatinine and Uric Acid Levels in Hypothyroid Patients: A Cross Sectional Study

Journal of Enam Medical College ◽

10.3329/jemc.v3i2.16129 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 84-87

Author(s):

Md. Aminul Haque Khan ◽

Md. Ishaque Majumder ◽

Md. Mozammel Hoque ◽

Md. Fariduddin ◽

Forhadul Hoque Mollah ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Uric Acid ◽

Serum Creatinine ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Medical College ◽

Medical University ◽

Relationship Of ◽

Hypothyroid Patients ◽

Biochemical Abnormalities

Background: Hypothyroidism is associated with many biochemical abnormalities including increased serum creatinine and uric acid levels. Many studies were done abroad regarding serum creatinine and uric acid levels in hypothyroid patients. We designed this study in our population for evaluation of serum creatinine and uric acid levels in hypothyroid patients. Objective: To assess serum creatinine and uric acid levels in hypothyroid patients and to find out relationship of creatinine and uric acid levels with severity of hypothyroidism. Materials and Methods: This retrospective cross sectional study to evaluate the serum creatinine and uric acid levels of hypothyroid patients and to find out relationship of hyperuricemia and hypercreatininemia with severity of hypothyroidism was done in the department of Biochemistry, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka. Results were compared with that of age and sex matched healthy euthyroid controls. Statistical analyses were performed by using SPSS for Windows version 10.0. ANOVA and unpaired t tests were done to see the significance among the groups and between groups respectively. Pearsons correlation coefficient test was done to see the correlation of serum creatinine and uric acid levels with the severity of hypothyroidism. Results: Mean serum creatinine and uric acid levels in cases were 1.38 ± 0.53 and 7.00 ± 2.54 mg/dL respectively compared to 1.01 ± 0.17 and 5.21 ± 1.35 mg/dL in controls. Conclusion: Mean serum creatinine and uric acid levels were found significantly higher in hypothyroid patients compared to controls. These findings suggest that hyperuricemia and hypercreatininemia are associated with hypothyroidism. Therefore, patients presenting with these biochemical abnormalities are recommended to be investigated to explore hypothyroidism. Journal of Enam Medical College; Vol 3 No 2 July 2013; Page 84-87 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jemc.v3i2.16129

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