scholarly journals Adolescent and Adult Hypospadias Repair: A Retrospective Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krishnendu Maiti ◽  
Bikram Haldar ◽  
Dilip Kumar Pal
Keyword(s):  
Adult Population ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
P Value ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Hypospadias Repair ◽  
Observational Assessment ◽  
Urethrocutaneous Fistula ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Significant Difference

Introduction: There is a general consensus that results of hypospadias repair surgery, done on children, seem to have a better outcome when compared to the adults. Hypospadias cases in adults can present as primary or with complications resulting from an attempted repair. Aim: To assess any difference in outcome of surgeries done among the adolescent and adult population and to evaluate the use of a Tunica Vaginalis (TV) second layer barrier flap in preventing complications such as urethrocutaneous fistula. Materials and Methods: This was a single centre retrospective observational assessment of the adolescent and adult hypospadias surgeries conducted at a Tertiary Care Hospital from January 2016 to July 2019. The assessment was based on the presentation, site of hypospadias meatus, previous surgery and development of any complications or recurrence. Routine surgeries as per the hospital protocol were done in these patients. Follow-up was done for the next 12 months. For data analysis tables, columns and pie charts were used. Fisher’s-exact test was used to find the association and calculate the p-value with the help of SPSS 21.0 software. Results: Total 28 patients were assessed, of which 17 patients were adolescents (mean age 14.6±1.66 years) and 11 (mean age 22.7±3.51 years) were adult. There was no significant (p-value 0.581) difference in the final outcome of hypospadias repair surgery between the adolescent and adult population. Use of TV interposition barrier flap prevented development of complications. Urethrocutaneous fistula was the most common form of complication noted in both the groups overall rate of complication was 14.2%. Conclusion: When hypospadias repair in adolescents and adults is done in a systematic and meticulous fashion, the outcome was satisfactory and there was no significant difference in outcome among the two age groups. Use of TV flap as a second layer interposition can improve the outcome in such patients.

Seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies in hospitalized patients at a tertiary referral center in North India (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Animesh Ray ◽  
Dr. Komal Singh ◽  
Souvick Chattopadhyay ◽  
Farha Mehdi ◽  
Dr. Gaurav Batra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
North India ◽  
P Value ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Significant Difference

BACKGROUND Seroprevalence of IgG antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 is an important tool to estimate the true extent of infection in a population. However, seroprevalence studies have been scarce in South East Asia including India, which, as of now, carries the third largest burden of confirmed cases in the world. The present study aimed to estimate the seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody among hospitalized patients at one of the largest government hospital in India OBJECTIVE The primary objective of this study is to estimate the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibody among patients admitted to the Medicine ward and ICU METHODS This cross-sectional study, conducted at a tertiary care hospital in North India, recruited consecutive patients who were negative for SARS-CoV-2 by RT-PCR or CB-NAAT. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody levels targeting recombinant spike receptor-binding domain (RBD) protein of SARS CoV-2 were estimated in serum sample by the ELISA method RESULTS A total of 212 hospitalized patients were recruited in the study with mean age (±SD) of 41.2 (±15.4) years and 55% male population. Positive serology against SARS CoV-2 was detected in 19.8%patients(95% CI 14.7-25.8). Residency in Delhi conferred a higher frequency of seropositivity 26.5% (95% CI 19.3-34.7) as compared to that of other states 8% (95% CI 3.0-16.4) with p-value 0.001. No particular age groups or socio-economic strata showed a higher proportion of seropositivity CONCLUSIONS Around, one-fifth of hospitalized patients, who were not diagnosed with COVID-19 before, demonstrated seropositivity against SARS-CoV-2. While there was no significant difference in the different age groups and socio-economic classes; residence in Delhi was associated with increased risk (relative risk of 3.62, 95% CI 1.59-8.21)

scholarly journals Assessment and Correlation of Uric Acid Concentration in Saliva and Serum of Patients Attending Tertiary Care Centre

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 222-229
Author(s):  
Surakchhya Gautam ◽  
Sangita Thapa ◽  
Anju Khapung
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
P Value ◽  
Uric Acid Concentration ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Significant Difference

ABSTRACT Background Serum uric acid (UA) is associated with many health conditions, including renal, cardiovascular and metabolic disorders. Diagnosis and monitoring often require painful invasive procedures which will add undue stress to the patients. The aim of this study was to correlate salivary and serum UA, so that, salivary sampling will help to bypass these measures and evaluate the condition of both healthy and the diseased. Methods This hospital based descriptive cross sectional study was conducted in 100 participants between age groups 21 to 82 years. Demographic data including height, weight and blood pressure were recorded. Serum and salivary samples were collected and UA level in both type of samples were estimated and correlation statistics was carried out. Results Total participants are categorized in three groups, 20-40, 41-60 and more than 60 years, among which maximum participants 43% are between 41-60 years of age. Average of body mass index (BMI) was found to be 24.46, where 50% were within normal range. Mean serum and salivary UA(mg/dl) was 4.15 and 1.90 respectively, exhibiting moderate positive correlation. They were correlated with significant “p-value” according to gender, age groups and disease conditions. Paired t- test was done between the measured and calculated salivary UA and no statistically significant difference in mean of these two values was obtained. Conclusions Salivary and serum UA are associated in our study so salivary UA can be used as a biomarker. Salivary UA was found to be more gender specific and specific among adults. Salivary UA can also be used as a screening tools for young and adult population.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies in hospitalized patients at a tertiary referral center in North India

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Animesh Ray ◽  
Komal Singh ◽  
Souvick Chattopadhyay ◽  
Farha Mehdi ◽  
Gaurav Batra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
North India ◽  
P Value ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Seroprevalence of IgG antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 is an important tool to estimate the true extent of infection in a population. However, seroprevalence studies have been scarce in South East Asia including India, which, as of now, carries the third largest burden of confirmed cases in the world. The present study aimed to estimate the seroprevalence of the anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody among hospitalized patients at one of the largest government hospital in India. Method: This cross-sectional study, conducted at a tertiary care hospital in North India, recruited consecutive patients who were negative for SARS-CoV-2 by RT-PCR or CB-NAAT. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody levels targeting recombinant spike receptor-binding domain (RBD) protein of SARS CoV-2 were estimated in serum samples by the ELISA method. Results: A total of 212 hospitalized patients were recruited in the study with mean age (+/-SD) of 41.2 (+/-15.4) years and 55% male population. Positive serology against SARS CoV-2 was detected in 19.8% patients(95% CI 14.7-25.8). Residency in Delhi conferred a higher frequency of seropositivity 26.5% (95% CI 19.3-34.7) as compared to that of other states 8% (95% CI 3.0-16.4) with p-value 0.001. No particular age groups or socio-economic strata showed a higher proportion of seropositivity. Conclusion: Around, one-fifth of hospitalized patients, who were not diagnosed with COVID-19 before, demonstrated seropositivity against SARS-CoV-2. While there was no significant difference in the different age groups and socio-economic classes; residence in Delhi was associated with increased risk (relative risk of 3.62, 95% CI 1.59-8.21) Key Words: SARS-CoV-2 IgG Antibody, Seroprevalence, Hospitalized patient, COVID-19

scholarly journals ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION;

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (03) ◽  
pp. 332-340
Author(s):  
ATIF SITWAT HAYAT ◽  
MUHAMMAD ADNAN BAWANY ◽  
JAWAD AHMED QADRI ◽  
Kiran Khalil
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Acute Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Heart Block ◽  
Complete Heart Block ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Anterior Wall ◽  
P Value ◽  
Inferior Wall ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Ischemic heart disease is the most common cause for complete heart block (CHB) and sudden death. Heartblocks may occur as complications of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and are associated with increased mortality. The aim of thisstudy is to determine the frequency of complete heart block (CHB) in acute myocardial infarction at a tertiary care hospital. Place andduration: This study was conducted in Cardiology Department of Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences from 1st August2009 to 31st January 2010. Study Design: Cross sectional and descriptive study. Materials and Methods: ST segment elevation equal toor more than 1mm (0.1mv) in two of these leads II, III and aVF. Rise in serum creatinine kinase level (CPK Level) more than twice thenormal value along with CK-MB fraction more than 6% of CPK value. Patients with history of chest pain, shortness of breath, nausea,vomiting and unconsciousness were enrolled in the study. The cardiac enzymes tropinin T was also performed at bed side by venousblood sample. Results: Total of 87 patients were included, prevalence of heart blocks was 27.58%. Anterior wall MI was in 50(57.5%)patients. Of these, 13(54.2%) had complete heart block. Inferior wall MI was in 37(42.5%) cases, of these, 11(45.8%) were found withcomplete heart block. There was no significant difference between anterior wall MI and inferior wall MI with complete heart block (P value> 0.05). Mortality was 2.3% with anterior wall MI. Conclusions: Development of complete heart blocks has important prognosticsignificance. Complete heart block was frequent complication of myocardial infarction.

Surgical-site infections in emergency abdominal paediatric surgeries at a tertiary-care hospital in Pakistan

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Ali Faisal Saleem ◽  
Huma Faiz Halepota ◽  
Hasaan Omar ◽  
Areeba Zain ◽  
Muhammad Arif Mateen Khan
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Surgery ◽  
Surgical Site Infection ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Stable Condition ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
P Value ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Site Infection ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Pathogen Occurrence

Abstract A retrospective chart review was carried out in children (neonates to 18 years) who underwent acute surgical abdominal exploration during 2012-2016 at the Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, to evaluate the post-operative surgical site infection rates in emergency paediatric abdominal surgery. Incidence of surgical site infection (SSI) was estimated. P-value was calculated, chi-square and non-parametric tests were performed by comparing pre-surgical and post-surgical procedure pathogen occurrence and pre-procedure wound status. Pathogen occurrence related to time-trend of 98 paediatric patients who underwent emergency abdominal surgery was plotted. Of the 94 who were discharged in stable condition, it was found that there was no significant difference between pre- and post-surgical pathogens. Escherichia coli (n=10) was found to be the most common pathogen. Contaminated wounds were associated with higher SSI (p=0.036, OR 1.95 95% CI 0.7-5.4). Continuous...  

scholarly journals Distribution of HPV Genotypes in Patients with a Diagnosis of Anal Cancer in an Italian Region

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (12) ◽  
pp. 4516 ◽  
Author(s):  
Narcisa Muresu ◽  
Giovanni Sotgiu ◽  
Laura Saderi ◽  
Illari Sechi ◽  
Antonio Cossu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anal Cancer ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Anal Carcinoma ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
P Value ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Hpv Genotypes

Objectives: Anal cancer is a rare disease. However, its incidence is increasing in some population groups. Infection caused by Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is strongly associated with the risk of anal cancer, whose variability depends on samples, histology, and HPV detection methods. The aim of the study was to assess prevalence and distribution of HPV genotypes in patients diagnosed with anal carcinoma. Methods: An observational, retrospective study was carried out in a tertiary care hospital in North Sardinia, Italy. Specimens of anal cancer diagnosed from 2002–2018 were selected. Demographic, epidemiological, and clinical variables were collected to assess their relationship with the occurrence of anal cancer. Results: The overall HPV positivity was 70.0% (21/30), with HPV-16 being the predominant genotype (~85%). The highest prevalence of anal cancer was in patients aged ≥55 years. HPV positivity was higher in women (p-value > 0.05) and in moderately differentiated samples (G2) (p-value < 0.05). p16INK4a and E6-transcript positivity were found in 57% and 24% of the HPV positive samples, respectively. The OS (overall survival) showed a not statistically significant difference in prognosis between HPV positive sand negatives (10, 47.6%, vs. 4, 44.4%; p-value = 0.25). Conclusions: HPV-DNA and p16INK4a positivity confirmed the role of HPV in anal carcinoma. Our findings could support the implementation and scale-up of HPV vaccination in males and females to decrease the incidence of HPV-associated cancers. Further studies are needed to better clarify the prognostic role of HPV/p16 status.

scholarly journals Prostatic lesions: Histopathological study in a tertiary care hospital

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-19
Author(s):  
S. Bhatta ◽  
S. Hirachan
Keyword(s):  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Benign Lesion ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Histopathological Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Nodular Hyperplasia ◽  
Malignant Lesions ◽  
The Mean

Background: Prostatic lesions like Nodular hyperplasia of prostate, inflammation and carcinoma are common causes of morbidity and mortality in males. The incidence of these lesions increases with age. This study was conducted with the objective of evaluating histopathological pattern of prostatic lesions.Methods: This was a retrospective study conducted at KIST Medical College from Jan 2014 to Jan 2018. The study included ninety six prostatic specimens received in department of pathology. Hematoxylin and Eosin stained slides were retrieved and reviewed. The specimens and slides were analyzed according to type of specimen, age of patient, histopathological pattern and final diagnosis. Results were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS, version 21) for Windows. Independent t test was used to correlate the mean age between patients with benign and malignant lesions. P value less than 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.Results: The most common benign lesion was nodular hyperplasia of prostate 86(89.58%). Malignant lesions comprised 8 (8.34%) cases of all prostatic lesions. All the cases of prostate carcinoma were adenocarcinoma. The most frequent Gleason score was 9. Mean age for benign and malignant lesions were 69.6 ± 8.1 years and 72.9 ± 5.2 years respectively. There was no significant difference in the mean age between patients with benign and malignant lesions (p value 0.27).Conclusion: Benign lesions of prostate are more common than malignant lesions. Histopathological examination of prostate specimens have important role in diagnosing various benign and malignant lesions, especially to rule out incidental carcinoma.JMMIHS.2018;4(1):12-19

scholarly journals Evaluation of Psychiatric Morbidity in COVID-19-Positive Inpatients Referred to Consultation Liaison Psychiatry in a Tertiary Care Hospital

2021 ◽  
pp. 025371762110221
Author(s):  
Nisha K. Prajapati ◽  
Nimesh C. Parikh ◽  
Nilima D. Shah ◽  
Vinodkumar M. Darji ◽  
Heena B. Jariwala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Adjustment Disorder ◽  
P Value ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Liaison Psychiatry ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Consultation Liaison Psychiatry

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has led to the risk of common mental illnesses. Consultation liaison psychiatry has been one of the most requested services in the face of this pandemic. We aimed to assess (a) the prevalence of psychiatric illness, (b) different types of psychiatric diagnoses, (c) presenting complaints, (d) reasons for psychiatric referrals, and (e) psychiatric intervention done on COVID-19 positive inpatients referred to consultation liaison psychiatry at tertiary care hospital. Method: This was a retrospective study of data collected from April 1, 2020, to September 15, 2020. Total 300 patients were referred and diagnosed with clinical interview and Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorder Fifth Edition criteria. Analysis was done using chi-square test, Kruskal–Wallis test, and fisher exact test. Results: Out of 300 patients, 26.7% had no psychiatric illness. Adjustment disorder was the commonest psychiatric diagnosis (43%), followed by delirium (10%). Statistically significant differences were found for parameters like Indian Council of Medical Research Category 4 of the patient, (hospitalized severe acute respiratory infection) (P value < 0.001), medical comorbidity (P value = 0.023), and past history of psychiatric consultation (Fisher exact test statistic value <0.001). Behavioral problem (27.6%) was the commonest reason for psychiatric referral. Worrying thoughts (23.3%) was the most frequent complaint. A total of 192 (64.3%) patients were offered pharmacotherapy. Conclusions: Psychiatric morbidity was quite high (73.3%) among them and adjustment disorder was the commonest (43%) psychiatric diagnosis followed by delirium (10%). Pharmacotherapy was prescribed to 64.3% patients and psychosocial management was offered to most of the referred patients.

scholarly journals Comparative study of serum urea, creatinine and C-reactive protein level in chronic kidney disease patients with healthy subjects

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 1480 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dileep Singh Nirwan ◽  
R. K. Vyas ◽  
Sunil Jain
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Serum Urea ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Reactive Protein

Background: Chronic diseases are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in India. Globally, chronic kidney disease is the 12th cause of death and the 17th cause of disability, respectively. CKD is defined as kidney damage or glomerular filtration rate (GFR) <60 mL/min/1.73 m2 for 3 months or more, irrespective of cause. The present study aimed to find out correlation between serum urea, creatinine and C-reactive protein (CRP) level among patients suffering from chronic kidney disease in an urban based tertiary care hospital in Bikaner, western Rajasthan, India.Methods: This study was conducted at Sardar Patel Medical College and Associated Hospitals at Bikaner, Rajasthan from August 2015 to December 2016. There were 50 cases and 50 controls in the age groups from 10 to 60 yearrs. We took fresh samples and performed required tests following standard protocol. CRP has been done by Antigen Antibody reaction (latex method). RFT has been performed on semi-automatic analyzer.Results: Levels of serum urea and creatinine were significantly raised in CKD patients (p-value<0.005) and CRP level was raised in 52% cases. While 48% cases having normal level %), which requires further study.  Renal function tests were significantly higher in cases than controls.Conclusions: Serum creatinine and urea level were significantly higher in cases as compared to control group.

scholarly journals BREASTFEEDING TEMPORAL DISTRIBUTION TRENDS AMONG NEONATES IN TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL IN LAHORE

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamid Mehmood ◽  
Zarmast Khan ◽  
Abdul Rauf ◽  
Ammara Waqar
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
P Value ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Initiation Of Breastfeeding

ABSTRACT  BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: Breastfeeding provides immunity against bacterial, viral, and other infectious diseases. More than four million new neonates die due to vaccine-related diseases in the first 28 days of their lives. It is therefore emphasized that breastfeeding in the first hours after delivery may save the neonate. The objective of this study was to determine the factors affecting the pattern of breastfeeding among the neonates and assess the frequency of early breastfeeding among neonates at Gulab Devi Hospital, Lahore. METHODOLOGY: It was a cross-sectional descriptive study. One hundred mothers were selected through convenient purposes sampling. Chi-square test applied for an association between mode of delivery and initiation of breastfeeding. RESULTS: The result of the study showed variability in the time of breastfeeding by the mothers from one hour to 24 hours after delivery. Pre-lacteal was given to 59 mothers, while 41 were not given with any pre-lacteal. A significant association was found between mode of delivery and initiation of breastfeeding with a p-value less than 0.001 CONCLUSION: The result of the study showed that variability in the time of breastfeeding by the mothers from one hour to 24 hours after delivery provided a significant difference in the production of the neonate in the first 28 days.

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