«ВСЕ В МОЕЙ ЖИЗНИ ТАК СКЛАДЫВАЛОСЬ, ЧТОБЫ Я ОБЯЗАТЕЛЬНО СТАЛ ПСИХОЛОГОМ»: НЕСКОЛЬКО ШТРИХОВ К ПОРТРЕТУ Г. В. ЗАЛЕВСКОГО, "Методология и история психологии"

2018 ◽  
pp. 207-217
Author(s):  
Владимир Александрович Мазилов
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Psychology ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
80Th Anniversary ◽  
Psychological Science ◽  
Research History ◽  
Knowledge Types ◽  
Psychological Knowledge ◽  
Psychological Journal ◽  
Theoretical Foundations ◽  
Cognitive Psychotherapy

The article is devoted to the 80th anniversary of Genrikh Vladislavovich Zalevsky, the famous Russian psychologist. The main milestones of the scientist's biography, the time of his formation as a psychologist, the influence of his teacher M. S. Rogovin are traced. The most important researches of the scientist are: "Fixed Forms of Behavior" (1976), "Theoretical Foundations of Psychological and Psychopathological Research" (co-authored with M. S. Rogovin) (1988), "Mental Rigidity in Norm and Pathology" (1993), "Foundations of Contemporary Behavioral-Cognitive Psychotherapy and Counseling" (2002), "Brief Russian-English-German Dictionary on Psychology" (2004), "Introduction to Clinical Psychology" (2006), "Psychological Supervision: State of the Art and Prospects" (2008), etc. The main directions of research, organizational, publishing and pedagogical activities are covered. The main directions of G. V. Zalevsky's scientific activities include methodology and theory of psychological science (in particular, the study of psychological knowledge types, methods of psychology, the problem of explanation, the correlation of psychological and psychopathological research), history ofpsychology, and various fields of clinical psychology. G. V. Zalevsky is the creator and editor-in-chief of the authoritative "Siberian Psychological Journal".

scholarly journals THE METHOD PROBLEM IN THE CONTEXT OF PSYCHOLOGICAL KNOWLEDGE INTEGRATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 116 (5) ◽  
pp. 100-109
Author(s):  
Vladislav A. Medintsev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Research Methods ◽  
Knowledge Integration ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Universal Method ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Psychological Science ◽  
Method Integration ◽  
Integration Problem ◽  
Psychological Knowledge ◽  
Theoretical Foundations

In psychological science, the «method problem» remains one of the most fundamental and relevant, and a new content shade of this problem is associated with the activation of discussion on the psychological knowledge integration. In this context, the problem acquires an updated content as a problem of a universal method in psychology. There is a reason to believe that the «method problem» is transformed into the «universal method problem» and then into the «universal method integration problem». The efforts to solve these problems are often depreciated due to the ignorance of experimenting and practicing psychologists by methodological knowledge. The possible way to build a universal method for theoretical research in psychology is to use for this purpose a procedural interpretation of theorizing based on set-theoretic process description method. In the article components of theoretical research are considered as the purpose, object, subject, hypothesis of the research, as well as the considered empiricism, theoretical foundations, method of theorizing and research tasks. Two methodological «poles» of theoretical research are identified – the «normative» method and modern research methods, and a variant of analyzing their structures is proposed. To create a universal method suitable for psychological knowledge integration is associated with obstacles, which can be overcome by their systematic analysis. The article outlines a variant of this analysis, in which the causes and sources of these obstacles are differentiated based on the system of concepts used for describing processes. The sources of integration obstacles include components of prototype modi, and the causes are properties of modi functions in the recording of processes as maps of sets. The examples describe the integration obstacles at the two levels of interactions.

scholarly journals MLatom 2: An Integrative Platform for Atomistic Machine Learning

2021 ◽  
Vol 379 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavlo O. Dral ◽  
Fuchun Ge ◽  
Bao-Xin Xue ◽  
Yi-Fan Hou ◽  
Max Pinheiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Software Package ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Kernel Method ◽  
Automatic Learning ◽  
Hyperparameter Optimization ◽  
Input And Output ◽  
Spectrum Simulation ◽  
Farthest Point ◽  
Theoretical Foundations

AbstractAtomistic machine learning (AML) simulations are used in chemistry at an ever-increasing pace. A large number of AML models has been developed, but their implementations are scattered among different packages, each with its own conventions for input and output. Thus, here we give an overview of our MLatom 2 software package, which provides an integrative platform for a wide variety of AML simulations by implementing from scratch and interfacing existing software for a range of state-of-the-art models. These include kernel method-based model types such as KREG (native implementation), sGDML, and GAP-SOAP as well as neural-network-based model types such as ANI, DeepPot-SE, and PhysNet. The theoretical foundations behind these methods are overviewed too. The modular structure of MLatom allows for easy extension to more AML model types. MLatom 2 also has many other capabilities useful for AML simulations, such as the support of custom descriptors, farthest-point and structure-based sampling, hyperparameter optimization, model evaluation, and automatic learning curve generation. It can also be used for such multi-step tasks as Δ-learning, self-correction approaches, and absorption spectrum simulation within the machine-learning nuclear-ensemble approach. Several of these MLatom 2 capabilities are showcased in application examples.

scholarly journals A Lab Model for Symptom Exaggeration: What do we Need?

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabella J. M. Niesten ◽  
Harald Merckelbach ◽  
Alfons Van Impelen ◽  
Marko Jelicic ◽  
Angel Manderson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Dissonance ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Current Form ◽  
Research Participants ◽  
Current State ◽  
Symptom Exaggeration ◽  
Valid Data ◽  
Theoretical Foundations

This article reflects on the current state of the art in research on individuals who exaggerate their symptoms (i.e., feigning). We argue that the most commonly used approach in this field, namely simply providing research participants with instructions to overreport symptoms, is valuable for validating measures that tap into symptom exaggeration, but is less suitable for addressing the theoretical foundations of feigning. That is, feigning serves to actively mislead others and is done deliberately. These characteristics produce experiences (e.g., feelings of guilt) in individuals who feign that lab research in its current form is unable to accommodate for. Paradigms that take these factors into account may not only yield more ecologically valid data, but may also stimulate a shift from the study of how to detect feigning to more fundamental issues. One such issue is the cognitive dissonance (e.g., feelings of guilt) that – in some cases – accompanies feigning and that may foster internalized fabrications. We present three studies (N's = 78, 60, and 54) in which we tried to abate current issues and discuss their merits for future research.

scholarly journals Some theoretical reasons to opening of the faculty of clinical psychology and psychotherapy in Siberian State Medical University

2003 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-69
Author(s):  
N. A. Kornetov
Keyword(s):  
Professional Development ◽  
Clinical Psychology ◽  
Social Consciousness ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Human Knowledge ◽  
Joint Development ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
Psychological Knowledge ◽  
Medical University

Current trends of social consciousness and of professional development of psychology in integrative human knowledge are analyzed in this article. Clinical psychology is considered as the field of psychological knowledge having important humanitarian and practical significance in joint development with clinical specialties in medical university.

scholarly journals Theoretical and methodological foundations of profiling as an interdisciplinary field of psychological knowledge

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
pp. 02006
Author(s):  
Bella Psareva ◽  
Alexandra Gamayunova
Keyword(s):  
General Knowledge ◽  
Specific Subject ◽  
Psychological Science ◽  
Interdisciplinary Field ◽  
Psychological Knowledge ◽  
Purposeful Activity

The article discusses one of the new applied areas in psychology, which is the non-instrumental diagnosis of lie, i.e.profiling. Currently, one of the new applied areas in psychology is profiling. Modern profiling includes knowledge, abilities, and skills (hereinafter, KAS), developed on the basis of the achievements of contemporary Psychological Science, a clear affiliation to a specific subject. The basis of integrative psychotechnology is a complex of knowledge in Psychological Sciences, where the object of general knowledge is the personality, his/her features, behavior, and general psychological laws of organizing purposeful activity. The authors come to the conclusion that profiling is an area of theoretical, methodological, integrated, scientifically grounded knowledge in related disciplines of Psychological Science.

Methodological and theoretical foundations of the study of anticipation in minors convicted without imprisonment

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Vyacheslav Pozdnyakov ◽  
Olesya Volotkevich
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Problems ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Psychological Characteristics ◽  
Diagnostic Approach ◽  
Behavioral Characteristics ◽  
Psychological Science ◽  
Theoretical Foundations ◽  
Critical Perspectives

The article presents scientific approaches to the study and interpretation of the anticipitation phenomenon in historiographical and conceptually critical perspectives. The laws and mechanisms of anticipation are considered. Theories are studied that explain the essence of prognostic abilities. Currently, psychological science is trying to find, understand and explain in an accessible way a conceptual solution to the problem that poses the question of the essence of factors, mechanisms, and individual psychological characteristics of a person that affect a person’s behavior in various life situations that determine his future fate, as well as the essence of those arising from this. psychological problems and methods for solving them. Forecasting the results makes the activity self-regulating and helps to adjust the activity in the present. Due to the specifics of the personality and behavioral characteristics of minors, convicted conditionally, it is argued that Because of the lack of development in adolescents anticipation as the ability to represent the possible result of their actions before their implementation and to take into account this in the construction of their behavior, among this category of penitentiary special contingent there is a high rate of recidivism of criminal acts. The importance of implementing a comprehensive psycho-diagnostic approach in the study of the anti-cipipal wealth of the identity of juvenile convicts, as well as the factors and conditions that determine their right-setting behavior, is substantiated.

scholarly journals Integrative dynamics in psychological science

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (121) ◽  
pp. 76-87
Author(s):  
Vladislav A. Medintsev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Integration ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Psychological Research ◽  
Fragmentation Dynamics ◽  
Methodological Problems ◽  
Psychological Knowledge ◽  
New Research ◽  
Integration Project ◽  
Theoretical Foundations ◽  
Fragmentation Processes

The observed increase in the number of psychological research entails both the expansion and deepening of psychological knowledge, and the escalation of the theoretical and methodological problems of its systematization and practical application. The widely discussed problems of the theoretical foundations and methodology of psychological research, in generalized formulations, are reduced to a statement of the growing fragmentation and searching the foundations of the integration prospects for psychology. At the same time, there are problems that have not yet been given due attention, one of such problems is the conceptualization of the integration and fragmentation dynamics in psychological knowledge. In the proposed conceptualization, the dynamics of the psychological knowledge development occurs in the original studies of the expansion, deployment, narrowing, folding of its structure. From these methodological positions, psychological research is categorized into deepening, fragmenting and integrating. According to the results of the methodological analysis, the ratio of the integration and fragmentation processes types is 1: 3. That is, even in the case of putting forward and starting an integration project in psychology, the coexistence of integrative and fragmented processes is inevitable, with the latter prevailing. If the psychological knowledge integration is carried out by descriptive methodological tools, then the array of fragmented studies will not shrink, and the current ratio of integration and fragmentation studies is unlikely to change. In this scenario, new research will continue with heterogeneous methodological tools, and since systematizing research remains not a priority, the carried out integration of psychological knowledge in terms of its volume will decrease relative to the total volume of studies. A dynamic balancing the integration and fragmentation processes is seen as an acceptable state of psychological knowledge. However, even for achieving it, it is necessary to reach positive integration dynamics at the first stage. The dynamic balance of integration and fragmentation processes can be established at various levels of their correlation – determining a sufficient level will be one of the most pressing issues in the case of implementing an integration project in psychology.

Psychological Science Accelerator: A Promising Resource for Clinical Psychological Science

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Beshears ◽  
Biljana Gjoneska ◽  
Kathleen Schmidt ◽  
Gerit Pfuhl ◽  
Toni Saari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Psychology ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Clinical Psychologists ◽  
Collaborative Network ◽  
Psychological Science ◽  
Rigorous Research ◽  
International Collaborative

Recent methodological reforms have succeeded in improving the rigor, accessibility, and transparency of psychological science, but these advances have not successfully proliferated certain subfields, including clinical psychology. Large-scale, crowdsourced collaborations offer clinical psychological scientists a way to conduct rigorous research on a scale not otherwise accessible to most researchers. The Psychological Science Accelerator (PSA) is an international collaborative network of psychological scientists that facilitates rigorous and generalizable research. In this chapter, we describe how the PSA can help clinical psychologists and clinical psychological science more broadly.

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