scholarly journals Effect of Extracting Solvents on the Phyto-chemical Properties of Fermented Pawpaw (Carica papaya L.) Seed

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
M. O. Adesola ◽  
E. A. Akande
Keyword(s):  
Petroleum Ether ◽  
Carica Papaya ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Petroleum Ether Extract ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Ether Extract ◽  
Aqueous Solvent ◽  
Phytochemical Compounds

Fruit seeds contain several phytochemical compounds which have been reported to show antiviral, anti-allergic, anti-inflammatory, anti tumor and antioxidant activities. Due to the varied chemical properties of these seeds, different solvents are used in the extraction. Therefore, this research was aimed at evaluating the effect of extracting solvents on the yield, phytochemical compounds and selected chemical properties of fermented pawpaw (Carica papaya) seed. Extracts from fermented T-solo variety of pawpaw seeds were obtained using petroleum ether, n-hexane and hot aqueous solvents using standard method. Analysis was carried out to determine some qualitative and quantitative phyto-chemical and some selected chemical composition (Peroxide Value PV and Thiobarbituric Acid Value TBA. Extracts’ yield were 26.00, 23.30 and 19.51% for petroleum ether, n-hexane and hot aqueous solvent, respectively. The result of quantitative analysis shows that all the phytochemicals were more abundant in petroleum ether extract. The PV and TBA of n-hexane, petroleum ether and hot water extract were 5.32, 4.52, 0.00 meq/kg and 0.87, 0.16, 0.09 μg/kg respectively. The PV and TBA obtained for petroleum ether extract were relatively low and         this implied that the extract will undergo little or no autoxidation or oxidative deterioration when used.

Study on Physical and Chemical Properties of Domestic and Imported Paper-Process Reconstituted Tobacco

2011 ◽  
Vol 356-360 ◽  
pp. 1894-1899 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Wang ◽  
Ye Qiu ◽  
Jing Liu
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Petroleum Ether ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Petroleum Ether Extract ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
Total Sugar ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Volatile Acid ◽  
Ether Extract

To learn differences between Chinese domestic and imported paper-process reconstituted tobacco (RT), their physical properties and chemical components were tested systemically and in-depth. The results indicated that: (1) Domestic RT were generally similar to the imported on physical properties. There were just some slight differences in filling power, combustibility (domestic RT were better than the imported), and density (the imported slightly lowered than the former). And all products were advised to improve their water contents. (2) Imported RT were higher in contents of total sugar, reducing sugar, nicotine and protein than domestic samples, whereas lower in Potassium contents; (3) Although there were no significant differences in contents of volatile alkali and total non-volatile acid between domestic RT and imported RT, volatile acid contents of the former were lower than that of the latter. Also all pH value of samples was near equal and showed very weak acidic. (4) Contents of poly-phenol, chlorogenic acid, rutin and petroleum ether extract of imported RT were higher than that of domestic products, while cellulose contents were lower. (5) The overall high contents in total sugar, reducing sugar, nicotine, volatile acids, malic acid, total poly-phenols and petroleum ether extract, may be main factors of good taste and aroma of imported products.

scholarly journals Screening of Stem Extracts of Plumbago Zeylanica for Phytochemical, Antimicrobial and Anti-Arthritis Activity

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1709-1718
Author(s):  
Amin Mir ◽  
Anuj Kumar ◽  
Reeta Chauhan ◽  
Mohammad Waqar Ashraf
Keyword(s):  
Petroleum Ether ◽  
Petroleum Ether Extract ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Chloroform Extract ◽  
Ether Extract ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Plumbago Zeylanica ◽  
Medicinal Use ◽  
High Inhibition

The plant Plumbago Zeylanica is known for its traditional medicinal use because of its wide phytochemical constituency. On same basis its screening for anti-microbial and anti-arthritis activity was carried out. The results showed that the stem of Plumbago Zeylanica could be used as best remedy against bacterial and fungal originated diseases. Among plant extracts, chloroform extract showed highest rate of inhibition against all the concerned bacterial strains followed by petroleum ether extract. The water extract did not show much response as an antimicrobial agent. Also the antifungal activity was observed for all the extracts, but ethanolic extract showed more inhibition potential followed by petroleum ether extract. The results of anti-arthritis activity shows, lowest IC50 (46.55) value for water extract, hence high inhibition potential, followed by ethanolic extract (IC50) 48.50. Over all the plant showed good response as biomedicine against microbial originated diseases and against arthritis.

scholarly journals Typhonium trilobatum Demonstrates Both Antioxidant and Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitory Activities In vitro

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 92-98
Author(s):  
Simin Shabnam Lopa ◽  
Md Kamrul Hasan ◽  
Md Salim Ahammed ◽  
KM Monirul Islam ◽  
AHM Khurshid Alam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Petroleum Ether ◽  
Neurodegenerative Disorder ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Petroleum Ether Extract ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Ether Extract ◽  
Inhibitory Activities

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder of the elderly people. Cholinergic dysfunction and oxidative stress have been found to be related with the development of the disease. Typhonium trilobatum L. Scott has been used traditionally in folk medicine as a central nervous system stimulant. In this study, we have investigated the various extracts of T. trilobatum for acetylcholinesterase and antioxidant activities in vitro. All the tested extracts exhibited inhibition against acetylcholinesterase. Petroleum ether extract exhibited the highest inhibition with an IC50 of 255.26 g/ml. Likewise all the extracts were found to possess antioxidant activity. In reducing power assay, petroleum ether extract showed the highest reducing power with an absorbance of 0.874 at 0.1 mg/ml concentration and in DPPH radical scavenging assay, chloroform extract exhibited the highest scavenging activity with an IC50 of 619.54 µg/ml. Phytochemical analyses of the four extracts revealed that the ethyl acetate extract contained the highest amount of flavonoids and petroleum ether had the highest amount of phenolics. These results suggest that T. trilobatum has both antioxidant and cholinesterase inhibitory activities, which may be useful in reducing the risk of AD. Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 22(1): 92-98, 2019

Antioxidant lignans from petroleum ether extract of Schisandra chinensis

Planta Medica ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 74 (09) ◽  
Author(s):  
J Slanina ◽  
L Bøezinová ◽  
H Paulová ◽  
O Humpa
Keyword(s):  
Petroleum Ether ◽  
Petroleum Ether Extract ◽  
Schisandra Chinensis ◽  
Ether Extract

The struggle with rheumatism through Dracunculus vulgaris Schott: In the light of ethnobotanical information.

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatma Tuğçe Gürağaç Dereli ◽  
Mert Ilhan ◽  
Esra Küpeli Akkol
Keyword(s):  
Petroleum Ether ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Petroleum Ether Extract ◽  
Major Constituent ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ether Extract ◽  
Test Models ◽  
Mouse Ear ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy ◽  
Abdominal Constriction

Background: The fruits with the seeds of Dracunculus vulgaris Schott. (Araceae) are used against inflammatory diseases in Turkey. Objective: Present study was designed to justify this folkloric usage type of the plant. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the anti-inflammatory activity of D. vulgaris. Methods: Petroleum ether, ethyl acetate and methanol extracts were prepared from the fruits, successively. Carrageenan-, serotonin-, and prostaglandin E2-induced hind paw edema; acetic acid–induced capillary permeability and 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate–induced mouse ear edema models were used to assess the antiinflammatory activity of the extracts. The analgesic activity was experienced by using p-benzoquinone-induced abdominal constriction test. Results: The petroleum ether extract displayed the highest activities in all of the used test models compared with the control group. Therefore, the constituents of this extract were determined by using gas chromatography–mass spectroscopy (GC–MS). Linoleic acid was found to be major constituent of the petroleum ether extract of D. vulgaris. Conclusion: This study has provided some justification for the folkloric use of the plant.

scholarly journals The petroleum ether extraction of Brassica Rapa L. induces apoptosis of Lung adenocarcinoma cells via mitochondria-dependent pathway

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xierenguli Halike ◽  
Jin-Yu Li ◽  
Pengfei Yuan ◽  
Kaimeiliya Yasheng ◽  
Min Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Petroleum Ether ◽  
Brassica Rapa ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Petroleum Ether Extract ◽  
Traditional Food ◽  
Ether Extract ◽  
Ether Extraction ◽  
Adenocarcinoma Cells ◽  
Lung Adenocarcinoma Cells ◽  
Dependent Pathway

Brassica rapa L. is one of the most popular traditional food with a variety of biological activities. In this study, the petroleum ether extract of B. rapa was separated by...

Identification of phytoconstituents of Tragia involucrata leaf extracts and evaluate their correlation with anti-inflammatory & antioxidant properties

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinodhini Velu ◽  
Swagata Banerjee ◽  
Vidya Rajendran ◽  
Gaurav Gupta ◽  
Dinesh Kumar Chellappan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Petroleum Ether ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Petroleum Ether Extract ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Ether Extract ◽  
Membrane Stabilization ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Aims: The present investigation was aimed at exploring the phytoconstituents using Gas Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy and to evaluate antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of the leaf extracts. Materials and Methods: The extracts were obtained sequentially with petroleum ether, ethyl acetate and water using soxhlet apparatus. The anti-inflammatory property of the identified compounds using GC- MS spectroscopy was evaluated in silico. The antioxidant activity was performed by DPPH and H2O2 method whereas anti-inflammatory study was carried out by HRBC membrane stabilization method. Terpenoids were found to be major constituents in petroleum ether extract while, phenols and flavonoids were predominantly found in ethyl acetate extract. Results and Discussion: The GC-MS analysis of the extract revealed six major molecules including Squalene, 19β, 28- epoxyleanan-3-ol and 2-tu-Butyl-5-chloromethyl-3-methyl-4-oxoimidazolidine-1-carboxylic acid. The ethyl acetate extract showed a significant antioxidant activity (P<0.01) in both DPPH method (70.87 %) and H2O2 method (73.58%) at 200 µg mL-1 . Increased membrane stabilization of petroleum ether extract was observed in the in vitro anti-inflammatory activity study. A strong relationship between the terpenoid content and anti-inflammatory activity was obtained from the correlation (0.971) and docking study. Conclusion: These results justify T. involucrata to be a rich source of terpenoids with potent antiinflammatory property.

scholarly journals Characterization of an Expectorant Herbal Basak Tea Prepared with Adhatoda vasica Leaves

1970 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashish K Sarker ◽  
Kabir Ahamed ◽  
Jasim Uddin Chowdhury ◽  
Jarifa Begum
Keyword(s):  
Petroleum Ether Extract ◽  
Analytical Data ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Relaxation Effect ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Herbal Tea ◽  
Adhatoda Vasica ◽  
Alcohol Extract ◽  
Toxicity Studies ◽  
Animal Toxicity

A herbal tea for an expectorant action was prepared with Adhatoda vasica leaves. Analytical, pharmacological, microbiological and animal toxicity studies were carried out to characterize the herbal tea. The analytical data indicates that the alcohol extract from herbal basak tea contains 0.67% crude alkaloids and the isolated tracheal chain experiment with this extract showed small relaxation effect compare to the standard histamine drug. The crude alkaloids and the other extracts (petroleum ether extract, alcohol extract and hot water extract) showed mild inhibition in different degrees against different microorganisms. The animal toxicity studies on rats revealed no mortality after 24 hours and also no abnormal delayed effect indicates no toxicity of prepared tea at all. Based on the above results, the prepared herbal basak tea is proposed as a good expectorant. Herbal tea prepared with Adhatoda vasica leaves collected in May to September showed better efficacy than those of other times. Key words: Herbal basak tea, Crude alkaloids, Relaxation effect. DOI: 10.3329/bjsir.v44i2.3674 Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 44(2), 211-214, 2009

scholarly journals Evaluation of hair growth promoting activity of petroleum ether extract of Abrus precatorius Linn. on Wistar Albino rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 330-335
Author(s):  
Namrata Omhare ◽  
Pratibha Sahu ◽  
Shailee Gautam ◽  
Nidhi Jain
Keyword(s):  
Petroleum Ether ◽  
Hair Growth ◽  
Petroleum Ether Extract ◽  
Hair Follicles ◽  
Ether Extract ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Abrus Precatorius ◽  
Growth Initiation ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Bald Patch

In present investigation was carried out to screening of hair growth promoting potentiality of petroleum ether extract of Abrus precatorius leaf. Preliminary chemical tests and TLC analysis revealed the presence flavonoids and saponins. Hair growth promoting activity of petroleum ether of Abrus precatorius was screened by considering different parameters which included time taken for covering bald patch, length of hair produced, percentage of hair follicles in anagen and telogen phases, time of hair growth initiation and completion and level of minerals in blood. The petroleum ether extract of Abrus precatorius showed a very good hair growth promoting activity at a dose of 300 mg/kg which was comparable to that of 2% minoxidil. After 30 days of treatment with test and standard drugs it was observed that, time taken for covering the bald patch, hair growth initiation and completion time and quantitative hair growth were found to be comparable to that of the standard drug. An increase in percentage of hair follicles turning from telogen phase to anagen phase was noted. The control treated group of animals showed poor hair growth for all the parameters. Keywords: Abrus precatorius Linn, Anagen, Catagen, Telogen, Minoxidil

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