scholarly journals Crop Germinative Emergence of Maize (Zea mays) and Finger Millet (Eleusine coracana) as Affected by Plastic Waste Material

2021 ◽  
pp. 28-40
Author(s):  
Njiru Magdalene Kagendo ◽  
Mokaya Dennis Chweya ◽  
Kitur Esther ◽  
Koske James
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Finger Millet ◽  
Plastic Material ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Eleusine Coracana ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Waste Material ◽  
Percent Cover ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Shoot Emergence

Plastic waste material continues to present environmental challenges throughout the world.  Of greatest concern is their disposal in agricultural soils where they interfere with soil fertility due to its inability to decompose fast.  Specifically, the research examined under experimental conditions the crop germinative emergence of (Zea mays L.) and finger millet (Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn) as affected by plastic waste material commonly disposed in urban and rural environments of Kenya.  The plastic types were identified by their thickness of 30 microns. The experiment was laid out in a 2 by 1 Randomized Block Design (Latin Square) with two replicates in plots each measuring 1m x 1m.  The data collected involved determination of emergence percent cover. The date of planting was noted and records were taken from the day first shoot emergence was observed in controls for 10 days.  Percent emergence measurements was done for at least 10 days and this involved taking of vertical photographs of each plot from the day first shoot emergence was observed in controls.  Assumptions of normality were found to be satisfactory and the set hypotheses were supported by the results. In the overall, there were significant differences (P<0.05) between E. coracana planted in soils mixed with 6 microns thick plastic material and the ones planted in controls. The EPC mean for the E. coracana planted in soils mixed with 30 microns thick plastic material was 25.78%, while controls had 75.58%.  There were significant differences (P<0.05) between Z. mays in soils mixed with 6 microns thick plastic material and the ones planted in controls. The EPC mean for the Z. mays planted in soils mixed with thick plastic material was 41.52%, while that of control groups was 86.18%.  In conclusion, there were a significant difference (P<0.05) in effects of 6 microns’ thick plastic material on germinative emergence of the two food crops, that is; E. coracana and Z. mays and hence the study recommends that, plastic waste material of any thickness should be avoided on farmlands where Z. mays and E. coracana are grown.

scholarly journals Influence of Establishment Methods on Yield and Yield Parameters of Finger Millet (Eleusine Coracana L. Gaertn) in Ward 24, Zaka District

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. p47
Author(s):  
Nyasha Sakadzo ◽  
Gift Bvekwa ◽  
Kasirayi Makaza
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Finger Millet ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Eleusine Coracana ◽  
Tiller Number ◽  
Yield Parameters ◽  
Establishment Method ◽  
Panicle Number ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design

Finger millet is a climate compliant crop; its production remains low due to poor establishment methods. A field experiment was conducted during the rainy season of 2018/19 at Dorcas Charare plot in ward 24, Zaka district to investigate the effects of establishment methods on yield and yield parameters of finger millet (Eleusine coracana L. Gaertn). The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three treatments namely broadcasting, hand drilling and transplanting replicated three times. Results on grain yield showed that transplanting method had the highest yield of 0.51t/ha whilst drilling and broadcasting scored 0.40t/ha and 0.35t/ha respectively. Transplanting method significantly (p<0.05) influenced higher number of tillers (7.13) per hill followed by drilling (2.40) and lastly broadcasting (2.13). Significant differences (p<0.05) were noted on panicle number with transplanting scoring the highest (8.13) and broadcasting the lowest (3.13). It can be concluded from the study that transplanting method realized a higher panicle number, tiller number and grain yield. Farmers must adopt transplanting as an establishment method in finger millet production.

scholarly journals The Effect of Compost and Phonska Fertilizer on the Growth and Yield of Sweet Corn (Zea mays saccharata) Varieties of Bonanza.

AGRIFOR ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 331
Author(s):  
Salmah Lafina ◽  
Marisi Napitupulu
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Male Flowers ◽  
Female Flowers

Effect of Compost AndPhonskaTerhadap Fertilizer Plant Growth and Results Sweet Corn (Zea mays saccharata) Varieties Bonanza.The research aims to; determine the effect of compost and fertilizer PhonskaTerhadap Growth And Crop Sweet Corn (Zea mays saccharata) Varieties Bonanza. This study was conducted from April to June 2015, starting from site preparation to harvest. Place the District Education Research Road Teluk Lingga North Sangatta East Kutai. The method used in this study using a randomized block design (RAK) with 2 Factorial and each treatment was repeated 3 times. The treatment is factor 1: compost (K) with 4 levels of treatment are: k0 = no application of compost fertilizer (control), k1 = compost 10 tons / ha, equivalent to 2.53 kg / plot, k2 = compost 20 tons / ha equivalent with 5.06 kg / plot, k3 = compost 30 tons / ha, equivalent to 7.59 kg / plot. Factor 2: NPK fertilizer phonska (P) with 4 levels of treatment are: p0 = without fertilizer phonska (control), p1 = fertilizer phonska 400 kg / ha equivalent to 6,325 g / plant, p2 = fertilizer phonska 450 kg / ha equivalent to 7.906 gram / plant, p3 = fertilizer phonska 500 kg / ha equivalent to 9.487 g / plantAnalysis of data using tables of analysis of variance (ANOVA) with further testing Least Significant Difference (LSD) level of 5%. Parameters used; Plant height (cm) 20 DAT, DAT 30, 40 HST and 50 HST, 2. Age exit male flowers (day), age exit female flowers (days) Total cob crop (fruit), cob diameter (cm), Weight ear cropping (g), fruit Productivity (ton / ha).Results of analysis of variance showed that the interaction effect between compost and fertilizer npkPhonska not differ significantly affected the plant height 30 days after planting, 40 days after planting, 50 days after planting, the male flowers, female flowers, the number of cob, cob productivity. This is because the compost and fertilizer npkPhonska not influence.

scholarly journals Efikasi Herbisida Atrazin terhadap Gulma Umum pada Lahan Budidaya Tanaman Jagung (Zea mays L.)

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustajab Mustajab ◽  
Dad R. J. Sembodo ◽  
Herawati Hamim
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Agricultural Technology ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Bartlett Test ◽  
Homogeneity Of Variance ◽  
The Common ◽  
And Control

The objective of this research was to know the efficacy of atrazine herbicide to control the common weed in maize (Zea mays L.) field and how was the phytotoxicity to maize (Zea mays L.) plant. The research was conducted in the Institute for Agricultural Technology assessment (BPTP), Natar Experimental Field, South Lampung regency with ultisol soil type and Weeds Laboratory Faculty of Agriculture, University of Lampung, from June to September 2013. The experiment was arranged in Completely Randomized Block Design (CRBD) with six treatments and four replications. The treatments are atrazine herbicide at 1.2, 1.6, 2.0, and 2.4 kg ha-1, mechanic weeding, and control. Homogeneity of variance was tested by Bartlett test and additivitty tested by Tukey's test, the comparison of mean were tested by Least Significant Difference (LSD) test at 5% level. The result showed that (1). Atrazine herbicide at 1.2 – 2.4 kg ha-1 could suppress total weed until 6 Week After Treatment (WAT). (2) Atrazine herbicide at 1.2–2.4 kg ha-1 could suppress broadleaves and grasses weed until 6 WAT. (3) Atrazine herbicide did not cause phytotoxicity symptoms to the maize (Zea mays L.).plant. Keywords: Weed, Efficacy, Atrazine, Maize

scholarly journals Morphological Characterisation of Global Finger Millet (Eleusine coracana, L. Gaertn) Germplasm Reaction to Striga in Kenya

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Sirengo Peter Nyongesa ◽  
Oduor Chrispus ◽  
Dennis Simiyu Wamalwa ◽  
Odeny Damaris Achieng ◽  
Rajneesh Paliwal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Finger Millet ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Genotyping By Sequencing ◽  
Eleusine Coracana ◽  
Striga Hermonthica ◽  
Phenotypic Data ◽  
Western Kenya ◽  
Statistical Analysis System ◽  
Analysis System

Finger millet (Eleusine coracana, L. Gaertn) is an important food crop in Africa and Asia. Its grain is richer in protein, fat and minerals than other major cereals. The parasitic weed Striga hermonthica (Del.) Benth seriously limits finger millet production through reduced yield in agro-ecologies where they co-exist. The damage of Striga to cereal crops is more severe under drought and low soil fertility. The main objective of this study was to determine genetic basis for reaction to S. hermonthica among the selected germplasm of finger millet through genotyping by sequencing (GBS). One hundred finger millet genotypes were evaluated for reaction to S. hermonthica (Del) Benth infestation under field conditions at Alupe and Kibos in Western Kenya. The experiment was laid out as a randomized complete block design (RCBD) consisting of 10 x 10 square (triple lattice). The genotypes were planted both under Striga (inoculated) and no Striga conditions and plant growth was monitored to maturity. Statistical analysis of phenotypic data using Statistical Analysis System (SAS) PROC ANOVA revealed highly significant differences among genotypes for morphological traits at P<0.05.

scholarly journals Molecular Characterization of Global Finger Millet (Eleusine coracana, L. Gaertn) germplasm Reaction to Striga in Kenya

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Sirengo Peter Nyongesa ◽  
Wamalwa Dennis Simiyu ◽  
Oduor Chrispus ◽  
Odeny Damaris Achieng ◽  
Dangasuk Otto George
Keyword(s):  
Finger Millet ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Genotyping By Sequencing ◽  
Eleusine Coracana ◽  
Striga Hermonthica ◽  
Genome Wide Association Studies ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Striga Resistance

Finger millet (Eleusine coracana, L. Gaertn) is an important food crop in Africa and Asia. The parasitic weed Striga hermonthica (Del.) Benth limits finger millet production through reduced yield in agro-ecologies where they exist. The damage of Striga to cereal crops is more severe under drought and low soil fertility. This study aims to determine genetic basis for reaction to Striga hermonthica among the selected germplasm of finger millets through genotyping by sequencing (GBS). One hundred finger millet genotypes were evaluated for reaction to Striga hermonthica infestation under field conditions at Alupe and Kibos in Western Kenya. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) consisting of 10 x 10 square (triple lattice) under Striga (inoculated) and no Striga conditions and plant growth monitored to maturity after 110 days. All genotypes were genotyped by genotyping by sequencing (GBS) and data analyzed using the non-reference based Universal Network Enabled Analysis Kit (UNEAK) pipeline. Genome wide association studies (GWAS) were done to establish the association of detected Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) with Striga reaction based on field results. In molecular analysis 117,542 SNPs from raw GBS data used in GWAS revealed that markers TP 85424 and TP 88244 were associated with Striga resistance in the 95 genotypes. Principal Component Analysis revealed that the first and third component axes accounted for 2.5 and 8% of total variance respectively and the genotypes were distributed according to their reaction to Striga weed. Genetic diversity analysis grouped the 95 accessions into three major clusters containing; 32 (A), 56 (B), and 7 (C) genotypes.  All finger millet genotypes that showed high resistance to Striga in the field were from cluster B while the most susceptible genotypes were from clusters A and C. Results revealed genetic variation for Striga resistance in cultivated finger millet genotypes and hence the possibility of marker –assisted breeding for resistance to Striga.

scholarly journals Row Spacings and Schedule of Urea Application on Sweet Corn (Zea mays) at MSU-Buug Campus

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. 343-348
Author(s):  
Junry R. Maato ◽  
Abdani D. Bandera ◽  
Jowie P. Cullamar ◽  
Angelyn M. Montuerto
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Block Design ◽  
The Other ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Medium Level

This study was conducted with an area of 540 square meters excluding canals and was divided into twenty plots. Each plot was measured 3m x 9m. The experimental area was laid out following Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD). The study aimed to determine the effect of different row spacings and schedule of urea application in medium level on the yield of sweet corn. Results of the analysis showed that the average length and average circumference of corn ears in centimeter per plot per treatment both showed no significant difference as affected by different row spacings and schedule of application of urea. Results of the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) on the average weight and total weight of corn ears in kg per plot per treatment showed that there was significant difference on the yield of sweet corn using row spacings. However, no significant difference on the schedule of application of urea. Thus, R2 is recommended in terms of longest husk, biggest circumference of husk, and heavier husk of corn ears. On the other hand, R1 is recommended to obtain more husk of corn ears and R5 is recommended to obtain heavier husk of corn ears.

scholarly journals Influence of Pongamia, Mahua and Neem cakes on finger millet productivity and soil fertility

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 274-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. C. Shivakumar ◽  
A. C. Girish ◽  
Balakrishna Gowda ◽  
G. C. Vijaya Kumar ◽  
A. P. Mallikarjuna Gowda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Finger Millet ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Eleusine Coracana ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Nutrient Supplementation ◽  
Neem Cake ◽  
Soil Sustainability ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design

A field experiment conducted at Bio-fuel park, Agricultural Research Station, Madenur, Hassan in Kharif season of 2009 to asses the performance of finger millet (Eleusine coracana L.) under different organic manure treatment consisting of four treatments viz., recommended FYM and NPK through inorganic fertilizers as control, Pongamia, Mahua and Neem cake with 5 replications laid in randomized complete block design. The results revealed that application of recommended FYM along with neem cake equivalent to 100% recommended N performedbetter in respect of finger millet productivity and maintenance of soil fertility followed by recommended FYM with 100% NPK through fertilizers. Nutrient supplementation with different oilcakes proved superior in respect of soil sustainability.

scholarly journals Efikasi Herbisida Campuran Atrazin Dan Mesotrion Untuk Mengendalikan Gulma Pada Budidaya Tanaman Jagung ( Zea Mays L.)

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dera Fungky Ellezandi ◽  
Dad R.J. Sembodo ◽  
Herawati Hamim
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Cyperus Rotundus ◽  
Commelina Benghalensis ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Bartlett Test ◽  
Dose Combination ◽  
And Control

Maize (Zea mays L ) is the most important food crops in the world beside rice and wheat.  Weeds are one factor cause decrease productivity of maize.  The objectives of this research were to know of dose combination atrazine and mesotrione herbicide to control the weed in maize field and how was the atrazine and mesotrione effect to maize.  The research was conducted in Natar, South Lampung and Weeds Laboratory Faculty of Agriculture, University of Lampung, from December 2014 to April 2015.  The experiment was arranged in Completely Randomized Block Design (CRBD) with six treatments and four replications.  The treatments are combination atrazine and mesotrion herbicide rates at 500+50; 750+75; 1000+100; 1250+125; and 1500+150 g ha-1, mechanical weeding, and control.  Homogenity of variance was tested by Bartlett test and additivitty tested by Tukey's test, the comparison of mean were tested by Least Significant Difference (LSD) test at 5% level.  The result showed that (1) Atrazine and mesotrione herbicide at 500+50 until 1500+150 g ha-could suppress total, sedges, Cyperus rotundus and Celosia argenthea weed at 3 Weeks After Treatment (WAT), whereas at 6 WAT couldn’t suppress weeds.  (2) Atrazine and mesotrione herbicide at 500+50 until 1500+150 g ha-could suppress broadleaves, Richardia brasiliensis and Commelina benghalensis weeds until 6 WAT.  (3) Atrazine and mesotrione herbicide at 500+50 until 1500+150 g ha-couldn’t suppress grasses and Rottboellia exaltata weed until 6 WAT  (4) Atrazine and mesotrione herbicide does not affect the growth and production of maize. Key words: Weed, Efficacy, Atrazine, Mesotrione, Maize

scholarly journals Weed Dynamics in Maize (Zea mays L.) as Influenced by Pre and Post-emergence Herbicides under Temperate Conditions of Western Himalayan Region

2020 ◽  
pp. 123-131
Author(s):  
Faisul-ur- Rasool ◽  
M. I. Bhat ◽  
Z. A. Dar ◽  
S. A. Hakeem ◽  
S. Nasseer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Sodium Salt ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Weed Dynamics ◽  
Hand Weeding

Field experiments were conducted in 2017-18 during main cropping  seasons of the year 2017 and 2018 at Dryland (Karewa) Agriculture Research Station, SKUAST-K to determine the effect of different post and pre emergence herbicides application on weed dynamics in maize (Zea mays L.). The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with four replications and variety used was Bio-605. Five treatments Five treatments viz, Atrazine 50% WP @ 1.0 kg ha-1 as pre-emergence and Paraquat dichloride 24% SL @ 0.5 kg ha-1, 2,4-D sodium salt 58% WSC @ 1.0 kg ha-1 as post-emergence herbicides (application at 2-3 leaf stage of weeds), hand weeding as standard check and weedy check as control were used. Effect of different herbicides on weed density was found significant. in plots managed with hand weeding, no weed was recorded. The Atrazine treated plots @ 1.0 kg ai ha-1 as pre-emergence had the weed population of 5.51, 5.4, 3.73, 5.12, 4.28 and 41.4m-2 , respectively in Echinochloa spp., Eleusine indica, Digitaria sanguinalis, Amaranthus viridis, Sorghum halepense and Cyperus spp.  However, the maximum population of weeds was recorded in weedy check with 21.54 m-2, 20.87 m-2, 19.16  m-2, 21.5 m-2, 16.7 m-2 and 60.7 m-2. No significant difference was observed between Paraquat dichloride 24% SL @ 0.5 kg ai ha-1 and 2,4- D Sodium salt 58% WSC  @ 1.0 kg ai ha-1 except for Cyperus spp. with density of 51.37 m-2 and 43.04 m-2 respectively. The potential of the atrazine in controlling weeds thereby enhancing yield of maize was found in this study.

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