scholarly journals Detection of Serum IgG Antibodies against Mycobacterium tuberculosis among University Athletes in Rivers State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 8-13
Author(s):  
T. I. Cookey ◽  
S. Adewuyi- Oseni ◽  
I. O. Okonko ◽  
K. C. Anugweje
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Strictly Aerobic ◽  
Aerobic Bacterium ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Serum Igg ◽  
Port Harcourt ◽  
Rivers State ◽  
University Athletes

Aim: Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), the causative agent of tuberculosis, is a strictly aerobic bacterium that grows fastidiously and slow, which is among the top 10 causes of death globally and the leading cause from a single infectious agent (above HIV/AIDS). Among the deadly diseases ravaging the world, tuberculosis remains one of the commonest and deadliest. The objective of this study is to determine the prevalence of tuberculosis (TB) among the athletes of the University of Port Harcourt (UNIPORT), Rivers State, Nigeria. Study Design:  Cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Sports Institute, University of Port Harcourt (UNIPORT), Nigeria, between June 2012 and July 2015. Methods: A total of 100 university athletes (51 males and 49 females, the age ranged from 15-47 years) was recruited for this study. Blood samples were collected from the athletes and analyzed for serum IgG antibodies against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. OneStep Tuberculosis (TB) rapid test was used for the detection of TB antibody (Isotypes IgG, IgM and IgA) in whole blood samples from the subjects. Commercially available ELISA based kits (manufactured by Dia.Pro, Milano, Italy) were also used. Results: The seropositivity of TB among the athletes was 5.0%. The result of the study showed that male athletes had a higher prevalence of tuberculosis than their female counterpart (5.9% vs 4.1%). Subsequently, the age groups 15-25 years had a higher prevalence of tuberculosis (6.5%) compared to age groups 26 years and above (2.6%). A significant association existed between the athletes' ages and TB prevalence (p= 0.035) and none existed with gender (p=0.654). Conclusion: This study confirms the presence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis-specific antibodies among university athletes. Strict surveillance of the diseases is highly recommended to curb its spread and the potential increase in Multidrug-resistance tuberculosis (MDR-TB) and Extensively drug-resistance Tuberculosis (XDR-TB) as it is highly contagious.

scholarly journals The distribution of antibodies to HHV-6 compared with other herpesviruses in young children

1990 ◽  
Vol 105 (3) ◽  
pp. 603-607 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. J. Farr ◽  
G. B. Harnett ◽  
G. R. Pietroboni ◽  
M. R. Bucens
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Cord Blood ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Other ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Rapid Rise ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Igm Antibodies

SUMMARYSera from 141 infants aged 0–12 months were examined for IgG antibodies to HHV-6, HSV, CMV, VZV and EBV and for HHV-6 specific IgM. Following the decline in maternal antibody, antibody to HHV-6 was found to rise by 5–6 months and approached the level found in adults by 11–12 months. In contrast the antibody rates for the other herpesviruses were much slower to rise, especially in the case of CMV and EBV. HHV-6 IgM antibodies were detected mainly in age groups showing a rapid rise in antibody to HHV-6. HHV-6-IgM was not detected in 235 cord blood samples. The data suggest that HHV-6 infection is acquired horizontally, at a very early age in Western Australia.

scholarly journals Mycology of Otomycosis in Port Harcourt

2021 ◽  
pp. 206-212
Author(s):  
Ureh Annabel Oparaodu ◽  
Opubo Benedict da Lilly-Tariah ◽  
Kennedy Warriso
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Infection ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Predisposing Factors ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ear Canal ◽  
Port Harcourt ◽  
Culture Sensitivity ◽  
Positive Growth ◽  
Rivers State

Tropical climate favors the growth of fungal infection in the ear resulting in otomycosis. This study is aimed at determining the predisposing factors, symptoms, prevalence and demographic data of patients diagnosed with otomycosis. This is a 1 year prospective hospital based study, between June 2017 to June 2018 at University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital (UPTH), Rivers State, Nigeria. Clinical features, predisposing factors and examination findings were noted on the administered questionnaire. Patients were examined and specimen collected for microscopy, culture, sensitivity and mycological studies. Our results show isolated fungi were present in 34 out of 120 ear swabs of patients and in 5 out of 120 ear swabs from the control group. The prevalence of otomycosis was 2.7%, while the ear symptom with the highest frequency was itching (86.7%) and debris in ear canal (67.6%). Patients with positive growth constitute 53% females and 47% males. Age groups 10-29 and 40-49 years had the highest and lowest number of infected patients, respectively. Candida was the commonest organism isolated accounting for 61.8% followed by Aspergillus spp. (23.5%) and Penicillium (8.8%).

scholarly journals Appraisal of Starch-bonded Briquettes Utilization among User-respondents in Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
N. David-Sarogoro
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Likert Scale ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Saw Dust ◽  
Port Harcourt ◽  
Multistage Sampling ◽  
Rivers State

The study appraised briquette users’ opinions on the apparent properties and environment friendliness of the briquettes bonded by 30% and 40% starch composited saw dust collected from Marine and Illoabuchi Sawmills in Port Harcourt, Nigeria. Multistage sampling was used amongst 100 plantain (Bo-lae) roasters, meat barbecue (Suya), Garri (carbohydrate based food), and Akara (baked bean cake) respondents to elicit information on use of briquettes as an alternative source of energy on a 4-point Likert scale. The results showed that male user-respondents were 22 (88%) and 21 (84%) and female 3 (12%) from Marine and Illoabuchi sawmills, respectively. The 41-50 respondent age bracket were the most represented in both sawmills-Marine Base and Illoabuchi 12 (48%) and 11 (44%) respectively, followed by 31-40 (7: 28%) and 51-60 (4: 16%) in Illaboachi sawmill, while the 51-60 and 31-40 age groups were 6 (24%) and 5 (20%), respectively. Amongst the businesses run by respondents, users from Marine Base, plantain roasting was highest at 7 (28%), followed by fish barbecue and akara with 6 (24%), Suya had 5(20%), while at Illoabuchi, Suya grillers had 9 (36%), followed by plantain roasters 8 (32%). Garri stewards and Akara had the same 3 (12%). Environment friendliness and physical properties showed that briquettes smoked well with cut off Mark (M =3.04 and 3.80), smelled pleasantly (M=3.03 and 2.68), stuffy and choky smoke (M=0.4 and 1.00) and irritation of eyes had M=3.25 and 4.00 at Illaobuchi and Marine Base sawmills, respectively. Darkening pots, burning with dark smoke and being affected by water had their cut off marks at 1.33 and 1.40 (rejected), 2.63 and 2.50 (accepted) and 2.01 and 2.12 (rejected), portable, cheap and useful had M= 2.45 and 3.00, 3.60 and 3.60 and 3.40 and 3.09 from both mills respectively. This study recommends that briquetting of sawdust from sawmills be promoted via automation to maximize its utilization status.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Rubella IgG Antibodies among Pregnant Women in Rivers State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 49-58
Author(s):  
B. J. Okonko ◽  
T. I. Cookey ◽  
I. O. Okonko ◽  
O. Ogbu
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Rubella Virus ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Congenital Rubella Syndrome ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Congenital Rubella ◽  
Rivers State

Aim: Rubella virus is the cause of the communicable viral infection that can affect the foetus causing foetal loss or congenital rubella syndrome. Plasma samples from 180 pregnant women attending tertiary hospitals in River State, Nigeria were examined randomly to evaluate the prevalence of rubella virus (RubV) IgG antibodies. Study Design:  Cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital (UPTH) and Braithwaite Memorial Specialist Hospital (BMSH) now Rivers State University Teaching Hospital (RSUTH) between September 2015 and August 2017. Methods: The sample of this study was composed of 180 pregnant women. ELISA was used to detect the RubV IgG antibodies and prevalence was correlated with sociodemographic factors. Results: The study result revered that 155(86.1%) were positive for RubV IgG while 25(13.9%) were negative for RubV IgG. Of the 90 samples examined from BMSH, 71(78.9%) were IgG-positive. From UPTH, 84(93.3%) were positive for RubV IgG. The highest (100%) seropositivity for RubV IgG was found in age groups 39-43 years.  No RubV IgG was recorded in age groups 44-48 years.  Women in their third trimester had the highest prevalence of RubV IgG antibodies (94.7%). Those with secondary education had the highest prevalence of RubV IgG (93.4%). Vaccinated pregnant women had the highest prevalence (87.4%). Among the variables evaluated, education (p=0.023), occupation (p=0.040), marital status (p=0.001) and vaccination history (p=0.005) were the main correlates in this study. Conclusions: This study has shown evidence of immunity among expectant mothers in this study (86.1%) with 13.9% being vulnerable to rubella virus infection. Completion of adequate rubella vaccination along intensified surveillance of the vulnerable population remains the keystone for the control of congenital rubella syndrome in Nigeria.

scholarly journals Haematological Correlates of Helicobacter pylori Infection Amongst Children Receiving Care in a Private Setting in Port Harcourt, Rivers State

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-136
Author(s):  
KI Akhimienho ◽  
DC Briggs ◽  
IG Enato
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Abdominal Discomfort ◽  
Confirmatory Test ◽  
Positive Serology ◽  
Port Harcourt ◽  
Test Kit ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Rivers State ◽  
Private Setting

Helicobacter pylori is a spiral-shaped, gram-negative bacterium that basically colonizes the digestive tract of humans. It is an established cause of anaemia, leucopenia and thrombocytopenia and affects 70-95% of children in developing countries. We carried out a retrospective study of 140 children, presenting with abdominal discomfort and/or vomiting in a private hospital in Port Harcourt, South-South, Nigeria. Positive serology for H.pylori was established using IgG test kit and Full blood counts were done with an autoanalyzer. Sixty-four (45.7%) of the children studied were serologically positive for H.pylori infection, while 54.3%(76) were negative. H.pylori has been detected in virtually all age groups of children studied. Ten (15.6%) of the children with H.pylori positive serology had anaemia, 3.1%(2) had leucopenia and 12.5%(8) had leucocytosis. None of these was statistically significant. The overall seroprevalence of H.pylori in the children studied was high. Similarly, there was a high prevalence of haematologic derangements in the children with positive H.pylori assay compared to those children with negative serology for H.pylori. This was however not statistically significant. Routine screening of children with symptoms of abdominal discomfort for H.pylori and commencement of treatment for those with positive serology results is not recommended without a confirmatory test.

A Cross Sectional Survey of Chicken Astroviruses Antibody in Broiler and Sonali (Cross-Bred) Chickens in Selected Areas in Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-80
Author(s):  
Md Zulfekar Ali ◽  
Mohammad Moktader Moula ◽  
Zafar Ahmed Bhuiyan ◽  
Muhammad Tariq Javed
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Elisa Kit ◽  
Published Report ◽  
Poultry Birds ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Group B

AbstractChicken astroviruses (CAstV) are enteric viruses of poultry causing gastroenteritis, malabsorption, gout and white chick disease commonly known as runting-stunting syndrome (RSS). It can affect the wide range of poultry birds, especially chicken, turkey and duck worldwide. To our best knowledge there is no published report on presence of antibodies against CAstV in Bangladesh. Therefore, the study aimed to detect the presence of CAstV antibodies in broilers and sonali chickens (a cross-bread) in Bangladesh through a cross-sectional survey. A total of 454 blood samples from 66 flocks of broiler (n=343) and sonali chickens (n=111) of different ages were obtained during 2017 from four districts. The birds were healthy but were not vaccinated against CAstV. The samples were tested for specific antibodies against CAstV Group B by using commercially available ELISA kit. Overall, 16.74% (76/454) samples and 34.84% (23/66) flocks were positive for CAstV antibodies. The seroprevalence of CAstV was significantly (p=0.001) higher in sonali chickens (36.96%) than broiler (10.20%), while it was significantly higher (p=0.001) in birds of Bogura district (36.94%) than the other three districts. Regarding the age groups, seroprevalence was insignificantly (p=0.192) higher in sonali chicken before laying age (45%) than during laying age (27.45%). Regarding the seasons, CAstV infection was prevalent significantly (p=0.001) higher in winter season. Thus, the present study indicated the presence of CAstV in poultry in Bangladesh, so further studies are required to find out the magnitude of the problem in the country.

Some Physicochemical Parameters of Wastewater from an Oil Industry at Point of Discharge in Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-28
Author(s):  
O. A. F Wokoma ◽  
◽  
O. S Edori ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Oil Industry ◽  
World Health ◽  
Port Harcourt ◽  
Water Association ◽  
Wastewater Samples ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Rivers State

Wastewater samples were collected from an oil industry at the point of discharge for a period of two years, from January 2018 – December 2019. The wastewater samples were analyzed for different physicochemical parameters such as temperature, turbidity, total dissolved solids (TDS), total suspended solids (TSS), conductivity, pH, alkalinity, salinity, total hydrocarbon content (THC), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) to examine their conformity to fulfill requirements as recommended by World Health Organization (WHO), Federal Ministry of Environment (FME) and Drinking Water Association (DWA). The results indicated that all the parameters in the discharged wastewater were within acceptable limits of the regulatory bodies. The field data showed that the investigated firm conformed to the law by carrying out proper procedures before discharging the effluents into the public drain and river. Therefore, the release of wastewater from the industry doesn't constitute a danger to the environment as well as aquatic organisms. Keywords: Physicochemical parameter, wastewater discharge, oil industry, environment, contaminants

Impacts of Organic Wastes on Plankton Population of Woji Creek, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (01-02 & Sp1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Utibe I. Daniel ◽  
◽  
Christiana C. Duru ◽  
Obemeata Oriakpono ◽  
M.O.E. Iwuala
Keyword(s):  
Organic Wastes ◽  
Port Harcourt ◽  
Rivers State ◽  
Plankton Population
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