scholarly journals Spatial Analysis of the Impacts of Crop Farmers and Cattle Herders Conflicts on Community Development in Adamawa State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 40-53
Author(s):  
Simon Bulus ◽  
Collins H. Wizor
Keyword(s):  
Community Development ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
The State ◽  
Community Leaders ◽  
The Government

The constant conflicts between crop farmers and cattle herders over the years in the Sahel savanna region, particularly the Northeast geopolitical region of Nigeria has been a recurring issue claiming several lives and properties without any holistic approach by the government to ameliorate or solve the problem. In contemporary times, the conflict has assumed a dangerous dimension and therefore, requires urgent measures to curb the menace. It is against this background that this study seeks to investigate the impacts of crop farmers' and cattle herders' conflict on community development in Adamawa State, Nigeria. Three (3) Local Government Areas (LGA) in the state were purposively selected from the 3 senatorial zones in the state. This was followed by the selection of 21 crop farmers and 21 cattle herders from each of the 3 LGAs through purposive and random sampling techniques to obtain a sample size of 126 respondents. Data were gathered with the aid of structured questionnaires and structured interview schedules. Focus Group Discussion (FGD) was also conducted with separate groups of cattle herders and crop farmers. Descriptive statistics (mean, frequency counts, percentages) were used to describe the personal characteristics of crop farmers and cattle herders, inferential statistics (Logit regression, chi-square) were used to determine the factors responsible for the cause of conflict and the relationship between the conflict and community development indices in the study area. Results from the findings shows that majority of the crop farmers and cattle herders are male, the perceived causes of the conflicts include encroachment of grazing reserve by farmers, the encroachment of stock route by farmers, grazing of crops by the herders and non-accessibility to water points by the two groups. The study further revealed major impacts of these conflicts to include loss of human lives and reduced household income, reduced access to agricultural land and destruction of infrastructural facilities. The conflict resolution strategies adopted includes but not limited to reactivation of existing grazing reserves, sensitization of conflicting parties by community leaders and amendment of laws on grazing reserves. Finally, the study further linked these constant conflicts to the very poor community development in Adamawa State. The study recommended formal education for both farmers and herders, sensitization of the crop farmers and cattle herders by the government and community leaders on the need for both groups to coexist and implementation of the existing laws on grazing reserves and land use policies by the government.

scholarly journals HOME CLASS: EDUCATIONAL ALTERNATIVE IN TIMES OF PANDEMIC FOR STUDENTS ENROLLED IN BASIC EDUCATION IN THE STATE OF AMAZONAS, BRAZIL

2021 ◽  
pp. 113-114
Author(s):  
Melise Maia Ribeiro
Keyword(s):  
Distance Education ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Basic Education ◽  
The State ◽  
Pedagogical Practices ◽  
New Directions ◽  
The Government

The objective of this research is to know new decisions about the teaching and learning process in the context of the pandemic in the state of Amazonas, Brazil. The pandemic suspended classroom classes at more than 200 schools, causing the reorganization of pedagogical practices in distance education. The result was the applicability of the Special Regime of Non-Attendance Classes adopted by the Government of Amazonas (Aula em Casa Project). It is concluded that new directions can be taken from formal education in view of this new reality.

scholarly journals The Multifaceted Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Dentists in Tamil Nadu, India: A Qualitative Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nesa Aurlene ◽  
R Sindhu ◽  
A Haripriya
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Dental Treatment ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Dental Clinics ◽  
The Government

Introduction: India has become the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) epicentre with the highest number of COVID-19 cases being reported each day. This has caused a major impact on healthcare workers including dentists across the country. Most dental clinics in Tamil Nadu were closed during the initial two months of draconian lockdown enforced by the Government of India (GOI). As partial lockdown measures were introduced over the subsequent months, dental clinics have started functioning and receiving patients for emergency dental treatment. Aim: This study was done among dentists practicing in Tamil Nadu amidst the COVID-19 pandemic to understand how the pandemic has impacted their professional and personal lives. Materials and Methods: A qualitative study using online focus group discussion was conducted among 32 dentists practicing in Tamil Nadu, India using a structured interview guide in the month of July 2020. After data collection, the focus group discussions were transcribed manually and an inductive thematic analysis was performed using Braun and Clarke’s six phases for thematic analysis. Results: Three major themes were identified after the thematic analysis namely limitations of off-campus distance learning, challenges faced in dental practice during the COVID-19 pandemic and social life impacts of COVID-19 among dentists. Conclusion: Dentists in this study felt that the COVID-19 pandemic was negatively impacting their dental practices owing to lack of clarity in COVID-19 protocols, lack of patient awareness, high cost of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), increasing overhead expenses, ergonomic difficulties in treating patients while wearing PPE, patients’ unwillingness to pay higher charges for treatment under COVID-19 protocols and fear of contracting COVID-19. Majority of participants in this study did not report any negative impacts of social isolation as many of them had stayed with their families during the lockdown.

KINERJA GURU PASCA SERTIFIKASI

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 98-104
Author(s):  
Sudirman Sudirman ◽  
Agus Hakri Bokingo
Keyword(s):  
Human Resource ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Main Role ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Continuous Training ◽  
Performance Quality ◽  
The Government

Teachers play an important role in a learning process. Thus they are the main factor in determining a quality of human resource in which through the qualified human resource, Indonesia has a competitive capability. he government implements a program of teachers certification and expect to be able to improve their performance thus their main role in the sequence of learning can be achieved. The problem statement of this research is how teachers’ performance after certification is. This research aims to give information on how teachers’ performance after certification is towards an improvement of their performance quality. It applies qualitative approach while its data are both secondary and primary data. The data are obtained through literature study, observation, interview and focus group discussion. The research is conducted at all levels of formal education in District of Gorontalo in three months during the research period. Research finding shows that teachers’ performance after certification is good compared to the performance before certification. Regarding improvement of teachers’ performance quality, the government is expected to provide the teachers with information and technology mastery through continuous training or workshop activity.

scholarly journals Digital control of the application efficiency of agricultural land and the involvement of retired territories into circulation

2021 ◽  
Vol 845 (1) ◽  
pp. 012153
Author(s):  
I G Golubev ◽  
A S Apatenko ◽  
N S Sevryugina ◽  
N I Kozhukhova
Keyword(s):  
Digital Image ◽  
Architectural Design ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
The State ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
Unused Land ◽  
The Government ◽  
Control Knowledge ◽  
Structure Knowledge ◽  
Agricultural Areas

Abstract The economic instability of recent decades has various social consequences. One of which is the emergence of abandoned agricultural areas. Analytical studies have shown that geolocation, aimed at creating a digital image of agricultural areas, reveals exclusion zones. The government has set the task of developing programs to involve the agricultural turnover of unused land. It is proposed to carry out a system-architectural design of the target zoning of territories. The selection of the basic model within the architecture of the Database of agricultural lands in circulation is supplemented by a block of a digital image for recognizing resource opportunities. The problem of developing a formalized set of typed commands that structure knowledge about the state of territories and their functionality for expert programming systems is solved. The database is formed from declarative (factual), procedural, and control knowledge. To form the database, the state of unused agricultural land in the country was shown. A forecast was given by the Ministry of Agriculture of Russia for the involvement of fallow lands in the turnover by the end of 2030. The concept of the efficiency of involving unused agricultural land into circulation was presented. A mathematical description of the risks and a graphical presentation of ways to achieve the efficiency of returning unused land by a set of indicators of risk restrictions were given. The key advantage of the developed concept is the creation of a modular-type production infrastructure, which is modernized and filled according to the current needs of economic activity, which is flexible to changes in internal factors and does not require external resources.

scholarly journals “…we were like tourists in the theatre, the interns assisted almost all procedures…” Challenges facing the Assistant Medical Officers training for the performance of Caesarean section delivery in Tanzania

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathanael Sirili ◽  
Amani Anaeli ◽  
Lilian Mselle ◽  
Obadia Venance Nyongole ◽  
Siriel Massawe
Keyword(s):  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
District Hospitals ◽  
Caesarean Section Delivery ◽  
District Management ◽  
The Government ◽  
Almost All

Abstract Background: Training of mid-level providers is a task-sharing strategy that has gained popularity in the recent past for addressing the critical shortage of the health workforce. In Tanzania, training of mid-level providers has existed for over five decades; however, concerns exist regarding the quality of mid-level cadres amidst the growing number of medical universities. This study sought to explore the challenges facing the Assistant Medical Officers training for the performance of Caesarean section delivery in Tanzania. Methods: An exploratory qualitative case study was carried out in four regions to include one rural district in each of the selected regions and two AMO training colleges in Tanzania. A semi-structured interview guide was used to interview 29 key informants from the district hospitals, district management, regional management, AMO training college, and one retired AMO. Also, four focus group discussions were conducted with 35 AMO trainees.Results: Training of AMOs in Tanzania faces many challenges. The challenges include: use of outdated and static curriculum, inadequate tutors (lack of teaching skills and experience of teaching adults), inadequate teaching infrastructure in the existence of many other trainees, including interns, and limited or lack of scholarships and sponsorship for the AMO trainees. Conclusions: The findings of this study underscore that the challenges facing AMO training for the performance of Caesarean section delivery have the potential to negatively impact the quality of Caesarean sections performed by this cadre. A holistic approach is needed in addressing these challenges. The solutions should focus on reviewing the curriculum, deploying qualified tutors, and improving the competencies of the available tutors through continuing medical education programmes. Furthermore, the government in collaboration with other stakeholders should work together to address the challenges in teaching infrastructure and providing financial support to this cadre that has continued to be the backbone of primary healthcare in Tanzania. Long-term solutions should consider deploying medical officers at the primary facilities and phasing out the performance of Caesarean section by AMOs.

scholarly journals A Buddhist Propagation Competency Development Model of Administrative Monks in Sangha Administration Region 17

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 3700-3704
Author(s):  
Phramaha Nakarin Sukrat (Analayo) Et al.
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Mixed Methods Research ◽  
Process Development ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
The State ◽  
Development Model ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
Competency Development ◽  
High Level

The purposes of this article were 1) to study the state of Buddhist propagation competency, 2) to develop a model of Buddhist propagation competency development, and 3) to propose Buddhist propagation competency development model of administrative monks in Sangha Administration Region 17. Mixed methods research was designed with 3 phases. Phase I was to study the state of Buddhist propagation competency using questionnaires to survey 234 monks. Data were analyzed by using percentage, mean and standard deviation. Phase II was to develop the model using interview with 15 key informants and content analysis was used for the analysis. Phase III was to propose the model and 9 experts were attended at focus group discussion, and data was analyzed by content analysis. Results showed that 1) the state of Buddhist propagation competency consisted of 3 aspects which were knowledge, skills, and personal characteristics. Overall level of practice was at high level. 2) There were 5 components in a model of Buddhist propagation competency development of administrative monks in Sangha Administration Region 17 which were (1) principles, (2) objectives, (3) procedure, (4) process development applying the threefold training as Buddhist principle encouraging the propagation competency development compose of content, objective, learning management, teaching media, activities, method of development and assessment, and (5) learning assessment. 3) Buddhist propagation competency development model of administrative monks in Sangha Administration Region 17 was appropriate in competency development for contribution of happiness to communities and Thai society.

scholarly journals “ … we were like tourists in the theatre, the interns assisted almost all procedures … ” Challenges facing the assistant medical officers training for the performance of caesarean section delivery in Tanzania

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathanael Sirili ◽  
Amani Anaeli ◽  
Lilian Mselle ◽  
Obadia Nyongole ◽  
Siriel Massawe
Keyword(s):  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
District Hospitals ◽  
Caesarean Section Delivery ◽  
District Management ◽  
The Government ◽  
Almost All

Abstract Background Training of mid-level providers is a task-sharing strategy that has gained popularity in the recent past for addressing the critical shortage of the health workforce. In Tanzania, training of mid-level providers has existed for over five decades; however, concerns exist regarding the quality of mid-level cadres amidst the growing number of medical universities. This study sought to explore the challenges facing the Assistant Medical Officers training for the performance of Caesarean section delivery in Tanzania. Methods An exploratory qualitative case study was carried out in four regions to include one rural district in each of the selected regions and two AMO training colleges in Tanzania. A semi-structured interview guide was used to interview 29 key informants from the district hospitals, district management, regional management, AMO training college, and one retired AMO. Also, four focus group discussions were conducted with 35 AMO trainees. Results Training of AMOs in Tanzania faces many challenges. The challenges include: use of outdated and static curriculum, inadequate tutors (lack of teaching skills and experience of teaching adults), inadequate teaching infrastructure in the existence of many other trainees, including interns, and limited or lack of scholarships and sponsorship for the AMO trainees. Conclusions The findings of this study underscore that the challenges facing AMO training for the performance of Caesarean section delivery have the potential to negatively impact the quality of Caesarean sections performed by this cadre. A holistic approach is needed in addressing these challenges. The solutions should focus on reviewing the curriculum, deploying qualified tutors, and improving the competencies of the available tutors through continuing medical education programmes. Furthermore, the government in collaboration with other stakeholders should work together to address the challenges in teaching infrastructure and providing financial support to this cadre that has continued to be the backbone of primary healthcare in Tanzania. Long-term solutions should consider deploying medical officers at the primary facilities and phasing out the performance of Caesarean section by AMOs.

scholarly journals Perceptions of Inmates on Social Work Intervention in Osun State Prisons, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-52
Author(s):  
Eyitayo Olufunmilayo Akinyemi
Keyword(s):  
Social Work ◽  
Skill Acquisition ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Service Employees ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Work Intervention ◽  
The Government ◽  
State Prisons ◽  
Age Range

The study investigated the inmates on social work intervention in Osun State prisons, Nigeria. The specific objectives of the study identified the age range of the inmates, inmates’ perception towards a societal valued life, level of engagement in skill acquisition and formal education, attitude of government and prison service employees towards inmates’ reformation. The study adopted descriptive research design. The sample consisted of 88 inmates randomly selected from the 880 inmates and eight (8) warders from Ilesa prison yard. The research instrument was a close ended questionnaire and focus group discussion. Data obtained were analysed using percentages and frequency counts. Results showed that inmates’ ages range mostly between 21 and 25 years. Findings also showed inmates perceived they could still live a good and societal acceptable life; the societal services rendered to them were good to an extent that they had positive attitudes towards skill acquisition and formal education; inmates were satisfied with the services rendered by prison workers and welfare provisions from the government. Findings concluded that the inmates believed they could still live an acceptable life during and as an ex-convict. The study recommended that individual inmate could be tailored and encouraged on the need to better their lives in the prison yard and become acceptable and self-reliant ex-convict.  

scholarly journals “…we were like tourists in the theatre, the interns assisted almost all procedures…” Challenges facing the training of Assistant Medical Officers in Tanzania

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathanael Sirili ◽  
Amani Anaeli ◽  
Lilian Mselle ◽  
Obadia Venance Nyongole ◽  
Siriel Massawe
Keyword(s):  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
District Hospitals ◽  
District Management ◽  
The Government ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Phase Out ◽  
Continued Medical Education

Abstract Background: Training of mid-level providers is a task sharing strategy that has gained popularity in the recent past for addressing critical shortage of health workforce. In Tanzania, training of mid-level providers has existed for over five decades, however, concerns are upon the quality of the mid-level cadres amidst the growing number of medical universities. This study sought to explore the challenges facing the training of the Assistant Medical Offices in Tanzania.Methods: An exploratory qualitative case study was carried out in four regions to include one rural district in each of the selected regions and two AMOs Training Colleges in Tanzania. A semi-structured interview guide was used to interview 29 Key informants from the district hospitals, district management, regional management, AMOs training college and one retired AMO. In addition, four focus group discussions were conducted with 35 AMO trainees.Results: Training of AMOs in Tanzania faces many challenges. The challenges include; use of outdated and static curriculum, inadequate tutors (lack of teaching skills and experience of teaching adults), Inadequate teaching infrastructure in existence of many other trainees to include interns, and limited or lack of scholarships and sponsorship for the AMO trainees. Conclusions: The findings of this study underscore that the challenges facing AMO training have the potentials to negatively impact the quality of care rendered by this cadre. Holistic approach is needed in addressing these challenges. The solutions should focus on reviewing the curriculum, deploying qualified tutors and improving the competencies of the available tutors through continued medical education programmes. Furthermore, the government in collaboration with other stakeholders should work together to address the challenges on teaching infrastructure and financial support to this cadre that has continued to be the backbone of the primary health care in Tanzania. Long term solution should consider to deploy the medical officers at the primary facilities and phase out the AMOs. Finally, challenges facing mid-level providers in Tanzania and similar settings are similar, thus these findings can be used as a starting pointing in addressing them.

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