Agronomic Characteristics and Seed Yield of Indonesian Mungbean (Vigna radiata) Genetic Resources

2021 ◽  
pp. 9-21
Author(s):  
Roedy Soehendi ◽  
Ratri T. Hapsari ◽  
Novita Nugrahaeni ◽  
Pratanti Haksiwi ◽  
. Suhartina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Seed Size ◽  
Vigna Radiata ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Experimental Station ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
100 Seed Weight ◽  
High Diversity ◽  
Germplasm Accessions

The availability of mungbean (Vigna radiata) genetic resources is important in breeding programs for development of new improved varieties. The objective of this study was to  describe the characters of 300 accessions of ILETRI’s mungbean genetic resources  collections. The study was conducted in Jambegede Experimental Station, East Java, Indonesia during dry season 2018. The results showed that the descriptive characters of 300 mungbean germplasm accessions had a fairly wide range, namely  50%-flowering date ranged from 30-50 days after planting with an average of 41.92 days, Pod maturity  ranged from 50 - 88 days after planting with an average of 74.08 days, 100-seed weight ranged from 2.43 to 7.96 g with an average of 4.52 g, and Seed weight per plot ranged from 10 - 525 g with an average of 254.53 g. There were three accessions with seed size more than 7.5 g/100 seeds, namely MLGV 0713, MLGV 0960, and MLGV 1027. These accessions could be used as a source of genes for developing high yielding and large seed size of  new improved mungbean varieties. Furthermore, the high diversity data in mungbean collection can provide information to used by  breeders.

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity Studies in MAGIC Population of Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) Based on Mahalanobis D2 Distance

2021 ◽  
pp. 18-25
Author(s):  
Bidush Ranjan Swar ◽  
V. Swarnalatha ◽  
M. Rajendar Reddy ◽  
S. Vanisree
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Genetic Recombination ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Total Genetic Diversity ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Diversity Studies ◽  
100 Seed Weight ◽  
Number Of Branches

Soybean MAGIC lines are highly variable breeding material which utilizes both recent and historic genetic recombination events. Present investigation was carried out to assess the genetic diversity present among 95 soybean MAGIC lines along with six checks for 10 different quantitative traits. All the genotypes were grouped into 16 clusters by performing Tocher’s clustering method using Mahalanobis D2 distance. Cluster I was the largest comprising of 30 genotypes followed by cluster II (23 genotypes), cluster X (15 genotypes) and cluster IX (9 genotypes). The maximum genetic distance (D2) was observed between cluster XI and XV (168.37) followed by cluster III and XV (164.3), cluster X and XV (149.64) as well as between cluster XII and cluster XVI (145.99). The cluster mean for most of the traits were high in cluster I and cluster XVI. Oil content contributed maximum (23.86%) towards total genetic diversity followed by number of pods plant-1 (18.97%), seed yield plant-1 (18.63%), 100 seed weight (11.05%) and number of branches plant-1 (10.16%) traits. The soybean MAGIC lines belong to the cluster XI (6-120) and cluster XV (6-30, 6-31, 6-5) were found to be the most divergent hence can be utilised in the recombination breeding programs to exploit maximum heterosis.

scholarly journals Phenotypic Characterization of 183 Turkish Common Bean Accessions for Agronomic, Trading, and Consumer-Preferred Plant Characteristics for Breeding Purposes

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Azhar Nadeem ◽  
Tolga Karaköy ◽  
Mehmet Zahit Yeken ◽  
Ephrem Habyarimana ◽  
Ruştu Hatipoğlu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Seed Length ◽  
Plant Weight ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Days To Maturity ◽  
100 Seed Weight

Plant landraces represent a repository of a gene pool, local adaptation of their domestic species, and thereby are considered a great source of genetic variations. Such genetic variation can be helpful to mitigate the current and future food challenges. A total of 183 common bean accessions including three commercial varieties collected from 19 Turkish provinces were grown to record their morpho-agronomic variations and to evaluate the best performing accessions under multi-environmental conditions. Plant height, days to maturity, pods weight, seed length, and 100-seed weight were used to evaluate the best performing accessions under different environmental conditions. A wide range of variations for traits like days to maturity (99–161), plant height (21–168.7 cm), seed length (7.41–16.4 mm), seeds per plant (17.8–254.4), and 100-seeds weight (24.97–73.8 g) were observed and can be useful for breeding purposes. The analytic results derived from the first three eigenvectors suggested that plant height, plant weight, 100-seed weight, and days to flowering were biologically significant bean traits. Seed yield per plant was positively and significantly correlated with plant weight and pods weight. Genotype × environment biplot discriminated the studied common bean accessions based on their plant height and growth habit. Plant height, days to maturity, seed width, and first pod height were found highly heritable traits and were least affected by environmental forces. Among 19 provinces, accessions of Bilecik showed maximum pods per plant, seed yield per plant and 100-seed weight, while Erzincan and Sivas provinces reflected the prevalence of bushy and early maturing accessions. Information provided herein comprehensively explored the occurrence of genotypic variations which can be used for the development of candidate varieties responding to breeder, farmer, and consumer preferences.

scholarly journals VIRUSES SEED-BORNE IN COWPEA: SIGNIFICANCE FOR COWPEA BREEDING PROGRAMS AND PRODUCTION

HortScience ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 493h-494 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Bashir ◽  
Richard Hampton
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
Vigna Unguiculata ◽  
Genetic Resistance ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Old World ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Cowpea Aphid ◽  
The Government ◽  
Germplasm Accessions

By ELISA serology, we have detected and identified the following seed-borne viruses in Vigna unguiculata seedlots, processed cooperatively with the government of Denmark as potential germplasm introductions: BLACKEYE COWPEA MOSAIC, COWPEA APHID-BORNE MOSAIC, COWPEA MILD MOTTLE, COWPEA MOSAIC, COWPEA MOTTLE, COWPEA SEVERE MOSAIC, CUCUMBER MOSAIC, and SOUTHERN BEAN MOSAIC VIRUSES. Twenty-three of 155 seedlots from 10 old-world countries were found to contain one or more of these viruses. TOBACCO RINGSPOT and URD BEAN LEAF CRINKLE VIRUSES are known to be seed-borne 1n cowpea, but were not included in assays. At least six other cowpea-crop-damaging viruses, as yet inadequately characterized, are also reportedly seed-borne in cowpea in India and countries of west Africa. We are currently characterizing viruses in Vigna pre-introductions and selected germplasm accessions, with emphasis on seed-borne potyviruses. Comparisons among B1CMV and CAMV isolates, for which cowpea sources of genetic resistance have been identified, revealed a wide range of isolate pathogenicity for both viruses.

scholarly journals Strategies to select soybean segregating populations with the goal of improving agronomic traits

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 39324
Author(s):  
Fabiana Mota da Silva ◽  
Elise De Matos Pereira ◽  
Bruno Henrique Pedroso Val ◽  
Dilermando Perecin ◽  
Antonio Orlando Di Mauro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Genetic Gain ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Selection Strategy ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Effective Selection ◽  
100 Seed Weight ◽  
Number Of Branches

The success of breeding programs depends on selection procedures and on the breeding methods adopted for selecting segregating populations. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of the Bulk method with selection in the F3 generation (BulkF3) compared to that of Bulk method as well as determine the most effective selection strategy in terms of genetic gain. Twenty segregating populations were selected by two methods. The 60 best families of each method were selected according to their average agronomic performance. An augmented block design was used. The following agronomic traits were evaluated: insertion height of first pod, plant height at maturity, number of branches and of pods per plant, 100-seed weight, and grain yield. For comparison of the methods, genetic component estimates, genetic gain and predicted breeding values were calculated using mixed models (REML and BLUP). The results showed the families obtained with the BulkF3 method were more productive, showed suitable plant height, a larger number of branches and pods, and higher 100-seed weight. The BulkF3 method was found to be an effective selection strategy for soybean improvement. 

Evaluation of Ethiopian chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) germplasm accessions for symbio-agronomic performance

2012 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 338-349
Author(s):  
Gemechu Keneni ◽  
Endashaw Bekele ◽  
Fassil Assefa ◽  
Muhammad Imtiaz ◽  
Tolessa Debele ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cicer Arietinum ◽  
Seed Size ◽  
Agronomic Performance ◽  
Agronomic Characters ◽  
Fixed Nitrogen ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Legume Crop ◽  
Genetic Potential ◽  
Germplasm Accessions ◽  
Selection Of

AbstractChickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is an economically and ecologically important food legume crop. Ethiopia has a large collection of chickpea germplasm accessions; but, it has not been extensively characterized for desirable sources of agronomic and symbiotic significance for use in breeding programs. A study was conducted at two locations (Ambo and Ginchi) in 2009/2010 to characterize and evaluate Ethiopian chickpea germplasm accessions for symbiotic and agronomic performance. One hundred and thirty-nine germplasm accessions were evaluated with 16 other genotypes including non-nodulating reference checks. Differences among genotypes, locations and genotype by location interaction effects were significant for a number of characters. A number of accessions better performing over the improved genotypes were identified for both symbiotic and agronomic characters. The amount of fixed nitrogen ranged from 13 to 49% in foliage, 30 to 44% in grain and 28 to 40% in total above-ground biomass. Grain yield performance varied from 31 to 70 g per 5 plants and seed size ranged from 82 to 288 g per 1000 seeds. For both symbiotic and agronomic characters, landraces were found to be overwhelmingly superior to introduced genotypes, except for seed size, where the best genotypes were all from exotic sources. The result indicated that Ethiopian chickpea landraces have better genetic potential for improving a number of symbiotic and agronomic characters over the varieties currently in use. Selection of best individuals within and among the accessions would be expected to be effective.

A preliminary investigation of cultivated and wild species of Luffa for oil and protein contents

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krishna Prakash ◽  
Jalli Radhamani ◽  
Anjula Pandey ◽  
Sangita Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Seed Size ◽  
Seed Coat ◽  
Wild Species ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Seed Protein ◽  
Biochemical Traits ◽  
Major Cluster ◽  
Cultivated Species ◽  
Edible Seed ◽  
100 Seed Weight

Seeds of wild and cultivated species of Luffa were studied to determine the variability in morphological (seed size, colour, seed-coat surface and 100-seed weight) and biochemical (oil and protein) characteristics. A total of 80 accessions of three cultivated species (71 accessions) and three wild species (9 accessions) of Luffa under the present investigation from diverse regions (12 states of five regions) of India showed variations in seed size, colour, seed-coat surface, 100-seed weight, and seed protein and oil contents both within the accessions of the same species and between different species. Significant variability in seed morphological traits was observed. Both seed oil and soluble seed protein contents were highest in some accessions of the cultivated species (25–27% oil and 8–10% protein, respectively, on a fresh seed weight basis). Using the 2D scatter plot diagram derived from the principal components analysis, the morphological and biochemical traits of the 80 Luffa accessions classified the wild species into one cluster (cluster I) and the cultivated species into a second major cluster (cluster II). The present investigation on the correlation between seed morphology and biochemical traits in the cultivated and wild species of Luffa can help in identifying the genotypes of Luffa species with valuable traits for further exploring the potential of this valuable crop as a source of edible oil, food and fodder in edible seed types or as a source of industrial oil/biodiesel in non-edible seed types. The protein-rich seed could be further explored to be utilized in the fortification of food products for value addition.

scholarly journals Determining Critical Weeding Period in Mungbean (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek) Under Rain Fed Condition in Western Tigray, Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Goitom Teame ◽  
Gebremedhin Gebregergs ◽  
Zerabruk Gebremedhin ◽  
Darge Gramy
Keyword(s):  
Vigna Radiata ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Weed Growth ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Weed Infestation ◽  
Plot Area ◽  
100 Seed Weight ◽  
Number Of Seeds

Mungbean (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek) belongs to the order of Fabales, Faboideae sub family and Fabaceae or Leguminosae family. The field experiment was carried out in 2014-2016 main growing seasons at Humera and Kebabo with the aim of determining critical weeding period. The experiment was conducted in RCBD design replicated three times and consists of 15 treatments. The crop was kept weed-free for the first 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 days after sowing and then remained weedy till harvest or kept weedy for the same periods and then remained weed- free till harvest. Weed free and weedy treatments till harvest were included as controls for comparison. Mungbean variety of Arkeb was sown at a distance of plant to plant 5 cm and row to row 40 cm and the plot area was 10 m2. The combine analysis of three winter seasons revealed that unrestricted weed growth significantly reduce yield of mungbean by 52% compared to completely weed free. Mungbean seed yield increased when the duration of weed infestation period decreased. Yield components such as number of pods per plant didn’t show significant difference, while number of seeds per pod and 100 seed weight shown significant difference. The critical weeding period for mungbean was 10-20 and 30-40 days after sowing.

scholarly journals Variation in Morphological Characters and Yield Attributes of Five Selected Soybean Genotypes

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-96
Author(s):  
D Sultana ◽  
MN Bari ◽  
MA Karim ◽  
MAB Mia ◽  
RR Sarker
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Seed Size ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Soybean Genotypes ◽  
Check Variety ◽  
100 Seed Weight

A field experiment was conducted at the experimental field of the Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur during November 2013 to March 2014. Four soybean genotypes i.e BU Soybean1, BD2329, BD2331, AGS313 and a check variety BARI Soybean 6 were used to evaluate their variations in morphological characters and yield attributes. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. The highest LAI (4.4) was found in genotype AGS313 and the smallest was found in BU Soyabean1. The highest pod size of 625 mg pod-1 was found in AGS313 while the lowest of 340 mg pod-1 was observed in BU Soybean1. Although BU Soyabean1 had smaller seed size but it had higher number of pods plant-1 (32.1) compared to other genotypes. The maximum 100-seed weight was recorded in AGS313 (16.34 g) and the minimum was obtained from the genotype BU Soybean1 (11.0 g). AGS313 genotype contributed to the highest grain yield of 4.29 tha-1, while BU Soyabean1 stood second position contributing 2.65 tha-1. Results also indicated that not only seed size but also number of pods plant-1 contributed to grain yield. Again there were highly significant differences among genotypes for all the characters.J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 8(2): 93-96 2015

scholarly journals Influence of Seed Size on Seedling Emergence, Growth and Yield of Potted Groundnut (Arachis hypogea L.)

2020 ◽  
pp. 13-21
Author(s):  
Oyewole, Charles Iledun ◽  
Aminu Patience
Keyword(s):  
Seed Size ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Visual Assessment ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
State University ◽  
Arachis Hypogea ◽  
100 Seed Weight

Pot experiments were conducted at the Faculty of Agriculture, Kogi State University, Anyigba, Kogi State in the Southern Guinea savannah ecological zone of Nigeria to evaluate the influence of seed size on plant performance with reference to seedling emergence, seedling growth, development and yield components and yield of groundnut (Arachis hypogea). The treatment consisted of three different seed sizes: small, medium and large seeds apportioned to a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with ten replications. For seed size, the seeds were initially graded into small, medium and large seeds based on visual assessment for length and diameter and from each group 100-seed weight was determined thus 100-seed weight became the parameter for measuring seed size as used in this experiment. The analyzed data showed no significant effect of seed size on groundnut canopy height, leaf number, leaf area, stem girth, days to first flower, number of pods / plant, pod weight, and shelling percentage, but significantly influenced mean days to seedling emergence, days to 50 percent flowering, 100-seed weight and taproot length. The significant effect of seed size on days to seedling emergence, days to 50 percent flowering, 100-seed weight and taproot length could significantly influence farmers’ opinion in the choice of seeds used in planting a field; as this could determine crop maturity, grain yield/ha while length of tap root could affect depth of root forage for nutrients and water, thus crop survival. Despite the non-significant effect of the treatment (seed size) on most parameters investigated, generally crop performance increased with seed size and vice versa, thus sowing of larger seeds is recommended for better groundnut performance.

scholarly journals Phenotyping of mungbean (Vigna radiata L.) genotypes against salt stress and assessment of variability for yield and yield attributing traits

2020 ◽  
pp. 7-17
Author(s):  
Israt Jahan ◽  
Md. Musfiqur Rahman ◽  
Mst. Fatema Tuzzohora ◽  
Md. Anwar Hossain ◽  
Shamsun Nahar Begum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Vigna Radiata ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Days To Maturity ◽  
Pod Length ◽  
100 Seed Weight ◽  
Number Of Seeds

Salt tolerance is a complex polygenic trait that is genotype specific and tolerance can depend upon a plants developmental stage. To evaluate reproductive stage specific salt tolerance as well as investigate the inherent variability of mungbean (Vigna radiata L.) genotypes with respect to seed yields and yield-related traits, a pot culture experiment was conducted using 26 mungbean genotypes and exposure to salt stress (EC = 8.0 dS/m) applied at the reproductive stage, just before the opening of the first flowers. The experiment involved maintaining 100% field capacity for three weeks and used a randomized complete block design with three replicates. Data were collected, included days to maturity, plant height (cm), number of pod-bearing branches per plant, number of pods per plant, pod length (cm), number of seeds per pod, 100-seed weight (g) and seed yield per plant (g). Salt stress led to a significant (p<0.001) decrease in seed yield per plant, with yields of the genotypes BMX 11116, BMX 11176, BMX 11140, BMX 11111 and BMX 11163 being the least impacted by exposure to salt. Principal component analysis revealed that the first two components explained 63.5% of the total variation among the mungbean genotypes. Seed yield per plant showed a significant positive correlation with days to maturity, number of pod-bearing branches per plant, number of pods per plant, pod length (cm), number of seeds per pod, and 100-seed weight (g). Cluster analysis grouped the 26 genotypes into five distinct clusters, where the tolerant genotypes placed in cluster I. Based on their stress tolerance indices BARI Mung-6, BMX 11176, BMX 11116, and BMX 11140 were categorized as tolerant genotypes, were selected for further study under direct field conditions and are recommended for the genetic improvement of salt stress tolerance in mungbean.

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