scholarly journals Genetic Characterization of Leaf Tip Necrosis and its Effect on Quantitative traits in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

2020 ◽  
pp. 72-81
Author(s):  
Naveen Kumar Dubey ◽  
Sameer Upadhyay ◽  
. Ashutosh
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Phenotypic Variability ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Single Gene ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Yield Traits ◽  
Thousand Grain Weight ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
Variable Expression ◽  
Plot Yield

The study aimed to estimate the phenotypic variability for LTN as well as yield traits, genotypic variability for Lr34, Lr46 and Lr67 and to investigate the association between genotypic and phenotypic variability for LTN and yield traits. Two hundred fifty wheat genotypes were screened for the presence of Leaf Tip Necrosis (LTN), a phenotypic marker of wheat resistance to leaf rust infection following Randomized Block Design. Of which 77 genotypes showed variable expression of LTN. Twelve yield traits were analyzed that showed highly significant differences. All these 77 genotypes were validated for the presence of three genes using respective markers viz., csLV34 for Lr34; Xwmc44 for Lr46, and Xcfd71 for Lr67. Out of 77 genotypes, 19 genotypes showed the presence of a single gene (7 with Lr34, 5 with Lr46, and 7 with Lr67), 13 genotypes had all the 3 genes, 14 with a combination of 2 genes and 31 had not shown the presence of any gene. Wheat genotypes within the individual presence of three genes increased the LTN area but their combination, reduced the thousand grain weight, LTNA, and the plot yield. All three genes individually or in combination increased the leaf area. Lr67 alone and in combination with Lr46 reduced the plot yield of wheat genotypes. Interestingly, LTNA had no significant correlation with any of the traits analyzed in this study. Leaf area showed a negative correlation with days to heading, glaucousness index, and thousand grain weight (TGW). NDVI-3 (at dough stage) showed a positive correlation with plot yield and TGW but had a negative association with the leaf area. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance was observed for leaf area (99.70%, 29.52%), LTNA (99.35%), 1000- grain weight (95.37%), grains per spike (93.65%, 17%), and days to headings (88.04%).

scholarly journals Karakterisasi Morfofisiologi dan Hasil Minyak 10 Genotip Nilam (Pogostemon cablin Benth.)

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 40
Author(s):  
Retno Wulansari ◽  
Muhammad Tahir ◽  
Wiwik Indrawati ◽  
Dewi Riniarti
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Phenotypic Variability ◽  
Block Design ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Plant Laboratory ◽  
Physiological Character ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Pogostemon Cablin ◽  
New Genotype

Characterization of morphophysiology and oil yield of 10 patchouli genotypes (Pogostemon cablin Benth.) aims to test the morphology and physiology character of nine genotypes Aceh patchouli and one comparative clone (Lhokseumawe), obtain high yield oil clones (weight plant and essential oil content), and obtain genetic and phenotypic variabilities that can be used as a new genotype selection indicators. The research was conducted at Experimental Field and Plant Laboratory of the State Polytechnic of Lampung in April until November 2016. This research used Randomized Block Design (RBD) with 10 treatment levels and 3 replications.The LSI test results on the physiological character of the nine genotypes and one comparative clone showed that NPL 9 genotypes superior to the variables of the angle of petiole, chlorophyll content, leaf area, specific leaf area, and leaf area index. The NPL 9 genotypes resulted higher yield and rendement yields than other genotypes tested and one comparator, that was 2,36%. The character of stem production and rendement has a genetic variant value greater than the environmental variant. For genetic variability and phenotypic variability in the variables observed relatively uniform so that can not be used as an indicator of selection.   Keywords: Aceh patchouli, leaf character, selection indicator, variability of genotype, variability of phenotype

Estimation of Yield traits & Correlation in Zea Mays

1970 ◽  
pp. 27-32
Author(s):  
Maysoun M. Saleh ◽  
Zakia Hajjar, Rima Koudsieh ◽  
Fattima Al- Sadek
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Yield Traits ◽  
Thousand Grain Weight ◽  
Maize Breeding ◽  
Grain Number ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Research Centres

Seven Zea mays genotypes were planted at two sites Aleppo and Edleb which are research centres belongs to the General Commission of Scientific Agricultural research GCSAR northern Syria. Yield traits (ear diameter, ear length, row number per ear-1, grain number per ear-1, thousand grain weight) were studied in order to estimate the variation between genotypes and to between sites and to select the best genotypes concerning studied yield  traits to be applied in maize breeding programs. Results showed that all Studied genotypes of maize had significant differences in yield traits in which both genotypes (Z 263, Z 67) were remarkable in all studied traits like thousand grain weight (391.7, 390.7) g for each of them respectively. Results also revealed that most studied traits were significantly superior in Aleppo comparing to Edleb. Results of correlation showed positively and significantly relations between all studied traits except between each of row number per ear-1 and grain number per ear-1 with thousand grain weight.

scholarly journals Correlation and Path Coefficients among Quantitative Traits in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

1970 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Bal Krishna Joshi ◽  
Ashok Mudwari ◽  
Dhruba Bahadur Thapa
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Tiller Number ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Environmental Correlation ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
Path Coefficients ◽  
Grain Number Per Spike

Since many of the quantitative plant characters of economic values are highly influenced by environmental condition, the progress in breeding in such a population is primarily conditioned by the magnitude, nature and inter-relations of genotypic and non-genotypic variations in plant characters. Therefore we estimated phenotypic, genotypic and environmental correlation coefficients and path coefficients among eight quantitative traits of bread wheat to make selection efforts more efficient. These traits were measured in 30 wheat genotypes, which were laid out in a randomized block design with three replications in Khumaltar, Kathmandu during 2003. The highest genotypic correlation (0.81) was between heading and maturity days. Tiller number was negatively correlated with grain number per spike (-0.78) at genetic level. Phenotypically, number of grains and grain weight per spike showed the largest coefficient (0.92) and maturity days exhibited negative association with plant height (-0.37). Environmental correlation coefficient was the highest between tillers number and grain yield (0.5) and heading days showed negative relationship with grain yield (-0.28). It indicates that number of tiller and grains per spike are the most important traits for yield. In most of the cases, genotypic correlations were higher than phenotypic correlations. Maturity days exerted the greatest influence (2.41) directly upon yield. Negative direct effect of heading days and positive effect of tiller number on yield was also considerable on magnitude. Indirect effect of heading days via maturity days was the highest followed by spike grain weight via maturity on grain yield. Results showed that grain filling period is an important factor and number of tillers and grains per spike should also be considered during selection for getting high yielding genotypes. Key words: correlation coefficients; path coefficients; quantitative traits; wheat genotypes DOI: 10.3126/njst.v9i0.3154 Nepal Journal of Science and Technology 9 (2008) 1-5

scholarly journals Evaluation of Yield and its Components in Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Genotypes

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-82
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Considerable Variability ◽  
Thousand Grain Weight ◽  
Important Food ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
Wheat Improvement ◽  
Plot Yield

Bread wheat is an important food crop of world and Pakistan. An experiment was conducted in winter wheat growing season to assess yield and yield related traits of newly evolved wheat genotypes. The 16 wheat genotypes includes 14 advanced lines viz., CIM-04-5, CIM-04-21, CIM-04-3, C7-98-11, 5-02, V2-10-12, CIM-03-2, C2-98- 6, 6-12, V3-10-9, C6-98-5, V3-10-32, C2-98-8, V2-10-21 and 2 local checks NIA Sunhari and Kiran 95 were tested. Experimental design was laid out in RCBD with 3 replicates. Mean square for genotypes showed high significantly differences for most of agro-morphological characters. Mean and range of all wheat genotypes for all the traits indicated a considerable variability between genotypes. Mean performance for the trait grain yield showed that newly developed genotypes C2-98-8, CIM-04-21, V3-10-32 and CIM-04-3 produced higher grain yield (3 to 3.25 kg plot-1) than both the contesting check varieties. High significantly and positively correlation of the plot yield to thousand grain weight (0.41**), biomass (0.41**) and harvest index (0.86***) with grain yield were found. It indicated that by improving these three traits, we can significantly improve grain yield. Selected genotypes and traits can be used in breeding program for wheat improvement.

scholarly journals Study on Genotypic Response and Correlation Analysis of the Yield and Yield Attributing Traits of Different Barley (Hordeum Vulgare) Genotypes

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 529-536
Author(s):  
Deepak Vitrakoti ◽  
Sheetal Aryal ◽  
Santosh Rasaily ◽  
Bishnu Raj Ojha ◽  
Raju Kharel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Spike Length ◽  
Thousand Grain Weight ◽  
Days To Flowering ◽  
Days To Heading ◽  
Peduncle Length

Barley, being a tremendous opportunities crop, we are far back regarding study, research and utilization. An experiment was conducted 2014-2015 to evaluate the barley genotypes for their yield attributing traits and correlation and causation. Eleven yield contributing traits viz., days to booting, heading and flowering; peduncle length, spike length, plant height, flag leaf area, flag leaf-1 area, thousand grain weight, biological weight and yield per hectare were recorded. High significant variation among genotypes was found for traits under study. Genotypes SBYT3-13#1115 (1960 kg), 14-SB-NAK-MR#17 (1760 kg) and AM POP#26 (1660 kg) were found to be superior for their per se performance based on grain yield per hectare, yield attributing and other quantitative traits. Thousand grains weight (0.333) had positively highest significant correlation with grain yield per hectare followed by spike length (0.310). Grain yield per hectare showed negative highly significant correlation with days to flowering (-0.796) followed by days to heading (-0.761) and days to booting (-0.663). Peduncle length (0.229), plant height (0.226), biological weight (0.181) and flag leaf area (0.032) were positively correlated with grain yield per hectare while flag leaf-1 area(-0.029) was negatively correlated. Thus, selection for genotypes with higher thousand grain weight and spike length accommodating earlier days to flowering, heading and booting is a prerequisite for attaining improvement in grain yield per hectare.Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol, Vol 4(4): 529-536

scholarly journals ESTIMATION OF GENETIC PARAMETERS IN SORGHUM UNDER THE EFFECT OF POPULATIONS AND PLANTING SEASONS.

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wuhaib & et al.
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Fall Season ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor L ◽  
Estimation Of Genetic Parameters

In order to estimate the phenotypic, genotypic and environment variance; and estimate the genotypic and phenotypic coefficient variations; and heritability broad sense. for some traits, in sorghum(Sorghum bicolor L. Moench).Experiment was carried out at the field of Field Crop Dept. College of Agric. Univ. of Baghdad, during Spring and Fall season of 2013, by using split plot arrangement in randomize complete block design with four replications . The population densities are 6000, 7000, 80000 p.ha-1.as the main plots. Traits and variances were recorded on three genotypes of sorghum, Enqath, Rabih and Kaffieras sub plots. Results of statistical analysis showed that the cultivar Enqath the higher yield 5.81 ton.ha-1. and 6.13 ton.ha-1. for Spring and Fall season respectively. This was due to superiority in weight of 1000 grain 32.48g in spring, and no. of grains 2323 grains for Fall. The better population density was 60000 .ha-1. for spring due to highest of grain weight, no. of grains and dry weight for its increase in functional no. of leaves and flag leaf area. In Fall the plant in this population were give higher yield due to superiority in dry weight, leaf area index, grain weight and flag leaf area. The superior cultivar and population characterized in lower leaf area and day to maturity and higher in harvest index. So these traits characterized with higher of genetic variation and heritability.      

scholarly journals Study of Correlation and Path Analysis Between Grain Yield and Yield Related Traits in Wheat

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-67
Author(s):  
Maysoun M. S. ◽  
Salih H. F. Al-salim ◽  
Reem Al-edelbi ◽  
Naoman S. M.
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Direct Effect ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Path Coefficient ◽  
Thousand Grain Weight ◽  
Path Coefficient Analysis ◽  
Grain Number Per Spike ◽  
Correlation And Path Analysis ◽  
Corporate Effect

Agricultural experiment carried out during the 2014-2015agricultural season winter wheat planting classAba99in tow sites Al-Shattra and Al-Dwayah in Al-NaseriahExplanatory farmers' fields covered by the national program for the development of the cultivation of wheat in Iraq and four treatments were applied on wheat(Laser plus weed controlling, Laser plus weed controlling plus sulfur, Laser plus weed controlling plus sulfur plus other elements, Control for comparing), in Randomized Complete Block Design RCBD with three replications, Correlations and path coefficient analysis between (number of brunches, Spike Length, number of spikes/m2, grains number per spike, thousand grain weight and plant grain yield), Results showed that grain yield  had a positive significant correlation with each of number of spikes/m2 and grains number per spike (0.711**, 0.465**) respectively.Results of path coefficient analysis showed that the direct effect of number of spikes/m2  on grain yield was high and positive(0.5350), while the indirect effectsfor each of number of brunches and number of grains  per spike and thousand grain weight on grain yield wasmedium and positive (0.2571, 0.2557, 0.2434) respectively, and also the indirect effect for grain number per spike on grain yield through number of spikes/m2 was positive and medium(0.2479). Results also showed that number of spikes/m2 had  the highest contribution in yield as a direct effect 28.621%, followed by the corporate effect of number of spikes/m2  and number of grains in spike12.674%

scholarly journals Appearance of Some Black Rice Genotype (Oryza Sativa L.) In Two Type of Agroecosystems in the Dried Land of Central Lombok District

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 742
Author(s):  
L. Sofian ◽  
I Gusti Putu Muliarta Aryana ◽  
Kisman Kisman
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Panicle Length ◽  
Black Rice ◽  
Special Adaptation ◽  
Panicle Weight

The purpose of this study was to determine the appearance of black rice rice genotypes and their adaptation to two types of agroecosystems on dry land. The experiment used a randomized block design at each location with 3 replications and at each test 14 experimental plots were arranged. The treatment used 14 genotypes of black rice, namely: 2 elders (Situ Patenggang superior varieties and Baas Selem cultivars), and 12 lines of hope. Parameters observed were flowering age, plant height, number of productive and unproductive tillers per clump, leaf area, panicle length, number of filled grains and empty grains per panicle, weight of 100 grains, grain weight of each clump and grain yield. The results showed that there was no interaction between location and genotype on flowering age, plant height, number of productive tillers and unproductive tillers, panicle length, leaf area, number of filled grains per panicle, weight of 100 grains, grain weight per clump and grain yield , but interacts with the number of empty grains per panicle. The adaptation and stabilization test results showed that genotype G1 which was classified as stable which had general adaptation, and genotype classified as special adapted and very sensitive to environmental changes was G2; G3; G5; G6; G7; G8; G9; G10; G11; G13; and G14, whereas genotypes G4 and G12 are classified as special adaptation in marginal environments. Keywords: Location and genotype of black rice.

Genetic variability and character association of quantitative traits in jhum rice genotypes

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 193-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Akter ◽  
M Khalequzzaman ◽  
MZ Islam ◽  
MAA Mamun ◽  
MAZ Chowdhury
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Direct Effect ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Thousand Grain Weight ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Rice Genotypes ◽  
Positive Direct

Thirty jhum rice genotypes of hilly origin were studied for genetic variability, correlation and path analysis under medium high land of Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur, Bangladesh. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications for the period of March to July (Aus season), 2016. Analysis of variance revealed significant difference among the genotypes for all the characters studied. The PCV values were greater than GCV, revealing little influence of environment in character expression. High values of heritability along with high genetic advance were observed for filled grain and plant height. Such outcomes suggested predominance of additive gene action in gene expression for these characters. Grain yield showed positive association with number of effective tiller and thousand grain weight at genotypic in conjunction with phenotypic level. Most of the traits had significant genetic variability besides, plant height and panicle length exhibited positive direct effect together with positive correlation with yield. Thousand grain weight possessed negative direct effect but highest positive significant correlation with yield.SAARC J. Agri., 16(1): 193-203 (2018)

scholarly journals Effects of glyphosate and foliar fertilizers on the glyphosate resistant (GR) soybean

2019 ◽  
pp. 1251-1257
Author(s):  
César Tiago Forte ◽  
André Dalponte Menegat ◽  
Leandro Galon ◽  
Luciane Renata Agazzi ◽  
Milena Barreta Franceschetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glutamic Acid ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Nutrient Deficiency ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Thousand Grain Weight ◽  
Renewable Materials ◽  
Soybean Crop ◽  
Randomized Block Design

Currently the soybean crop is responsible for a great share of the protein consumed by humans and animals, it is also a source of oil and renewable materials for the industry. Due to the importance of soybeans worldwide, especially genetically modified soybeans (resistant to glyphosate - GR), the improvement in yield indexes became the targets of promising research. The objective of this work was to evaluate the responses of the “GR” soybean crop as a function of glyphosate herbicide and foliar fertilizer, under soil without nutrient deficiency. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design with four replications, consisted of two factors. Factor A was consisted by glyphosate (1080 and 2160 g a.e ha-1) and factor B by foliar fertilizers (Fertilizer A – Mg= 5%, Mn= 0,5%, Mo= 0.5%, L-Glutamic acid= 5% and glycine betaine 3%; Fertilizer B - Zn (5%), Mn (3%), Cu (0,5%), B (0.5%) and S (4%); Fertilizer C - Mo and L-Glutamic acid). The treatments were applied isolated and in mixtures, plus the control treatment, totalizing 21 treatments. The variables evaluated were phytotoxicity at 14 and 21 DAT, a thousand-grain weight and grain yield. The analysis of variance was performed and, when significant, the comparison of groups of treatments using orthogonal contrasts was applied to all variables. Soybean yield was also compared to the means of the treatments by the Scott-Knott test (p≤0.05). Phytotoxicity was detected in the soybean crop at 14 DAT with the application of glyphosate, foliar fertilizers and the association of the two products. However, only the highest dose of glyphosate, with or without foliar fertilizers, generally reduced crop grain yield. In addition, the application of foliar fertilizers isolated and associated with glyphosate, in soils with adequate levels of nutrients, does not increase thousand-grain weight or grain. It is concluded that the glyphosate dose for soybeans should be respected and foliar fertilizers should be carefully studied before recommendation.

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