scholarly journals Influence of Nitrogen Levels on Physiological Response, Nitrogen Use Efficiency and Yield of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Genotypes

2020 ◽  
pp. 145-152
Author(s):  
Rajesh Kunta ◽  
Ramesh Thatikunta
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Use Efficiency ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Spikelet Sterility ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Nitrogen Use ◽  
Nitrogen Levels ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Fertilizer Rates

A field experiment was conducted during 2011-12 to evaluate the efficiency of varying nitrogen fertilizer rates on growth and yield parameters, along with nitrogen use efficiency with two nitrogen levels 60 and 120 kg N ha-1 as main treatments and twenty six rice genotypes as sub treatments. Application of appropriate level of nitrogen fertilization is a major objective to increase nitrogen use efficiency by rice varieties. Among the genotypes, MTU-1001 recorded the maximum grain yield of 5021 kg ha-1 even under application of 60 kg N ha-1 with maximum NUE (Nitrogen Use Efficiency) in 60 kg N ha-1 (83.68) and minimum in 120 kg N ha-1 (45.53). NUE did not increase linearly with the amount of nitrogen application and higher nitrogen levels showed significantly lower NUE values. Maximum yield can be attributed to maximum SCMR (SPAD Chlorophyll meter reading) values, more photosynthetic rate, more tillers and panicles, more number of grains hill-1, maximum filled grain percentage and minimum spikelet sterility.

scholarly journals Effects of Nitrogen Levels on Growth, Yield And Nitrogen use Efficiency Of Some Newly Released Egyptian Rice Genotypes

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 310-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adel M. Ghoneim ◽  
Gewaily E.E. ◽  
Marvet M.A. Osman
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Nitrogen Use Efficiency ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Nitrogen Use ◽  
Nitrogen Levels ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Rice Genotypes

Abstract Application of appropriate level of nitrogen fertilization is a major objective to increase nitrogen use efficiency by rice varieties. Field experiments were conducted during 2016 and 2017 growing seasons to evaluate the efficiency of varying nitrogen fertilizer rates on growth and yield parameters, along with nitrogen use efficiency of some newly released rice varieties (Sakha 108) and some promising lines GZ9399-4-1-1-3-2-2, GZ10101- 5-1-1-1 and GZ10154-3-1-1-1. Five nitrogen levels (i.e. 0, 55, 110, 165 and 220 kg N ha-1) were used. The results from both growing seasons indicated that, Sakha 108 recorded the highest grain yield while GZ10154 and GZ10101 recorded the lowest grain yields. A linear increase in grain yield was observed with continuous rate increase of nitrogen from 0 to 220 kg ha-1, while 220 kg N ha-1 treatment showed maximum grain yield followed by 165 kg N ha-1, with control as minimum. Agronomic nitrogen use efficiency (AE) for studied rice genotypes varied significantly, and ranged from 3.63 to 32.9 and from 2.72 to 34.12 kg grain yield produced per kg of nitrogen applied in 2016 and 2017 respectively. Across N levels, GZ9399 recorded the highest values of AE for the nitrogen fertilizer rate of 165 kg N ha-1 in both seasons.

scholarly journals Rice NIN-LIKE PROTEIN 1 rapidly responds to nitrogen deficiency and improves yield and nitrogen use efficiency

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (19) ◽  
pp. 6032-6042 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alamin Alfatih ◽  
Jie Wu ◽  
Zi-Sheng Zhang ◽  
Jin-Qiu Xia ◽  
Sami Ullah Jan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Nitrogen Use Efficiency ◽  
Focal Point ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Nitrogen Deficiency ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Nitrogen Use ◽  
N Utilization ◽  
Use Efficiency

Abstract Nitrogen (N) is indispensable for crop growth and yield, but excessive agricultural application of nitrogenous fertilizers has generated severe environmental problems. A desirable and economical solution to cope with these issues is to improve crop nitrogen use efficiency (NUE). Plant NUE has been a focal point of intensive research worldwide, yet much still has to be learned about its genetic determinants and regulation. Here, we show that rice (Oryza sativa L.) NIN-LIKE PROTEIN 1 (OsNLP1) plays a fundamental role in N utilization. OsNLP1 protein localizes in the nucleus and its transcript level is rapidly induced by N starvation. Overexpression of OsNLP1 improves plant growth, grain yield, and NUE under different N conditions, while knockout of OsNLP1 impairs grain yield and NUE under N-limiting conditions. OsNLP1 regulates nitrate and ammonium utilization by cooperatively orchestrating multiple N uptake and assimilation genes. Chromatin immunoprecipitation and yeast one-hybrid assays showed that OsNLP1 can directly bind to the promoter of these genes to activate their expression. Therefore, our results demonstrate that OsNLP1 is a key regulator of N utilization and represents a potential target for improving NUE and yield in rice.

Nitrogen use efficiency in selected rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes under different water regimes and nitrogen levels

2008 ◽  
Vol 107 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.M. Haefele ◽  
S.M.A. Jabbar ◽  
J.D.L.C. Siopongco ◽  
A. Tirol-Padre ◽  
S.T. Amarante ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Nitrogen Use Efficiency ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Nitrogen Use ◽  
Water Regimes ◽  
Nitrogen Levels ◽  
Use Efficiency

scholarly journals Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Rice under Abiotic Stress: Plant Breeding Approach

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satyen Mondal ◽  
Jamil Hasan ◽  
Priya Lal Biswas ◽  
Emam Ahmed ◽  
Tuhin Halder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Nitrogen Use Efficiency ◽  
Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Abiotic Stress Tolerance ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Nitrogen Use ◽  
Use Efficiency

Nitrogenous fertilizer has remarkably improved rice (Oryza sativa L.) yield across the world since its discovery by Haber-Bosch process. Due to climate change, future rice production will likely experience a wide range of environmental plasticity. Nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) is an important trait to confer adaptability across various abiotic stresses such as flooding, drought and salinity. The problem with the increased N application often leads to a reduction in NUE. New solutions are needed to simultaneously increase yield and maximize the NUE of rice. Despite the differences among flooding, salinity and drought, these three abiotic stresses lead to similar responses in rice plants. To develop abiotic stress tolerant rice varieties, speed breeding seems a plausible novel approach. Approximately 22 single quantitative trait loci (QTLs) and 58 pairs of epistatic QTLs are known to be closely associated with NUE in rice. The QTLs/genes for submergence (SUB1A) tolerance, anaerobic germination (AG, TPP7) potential and deepwater flooding tolerance (SK1, SK2) are identified. Furthermore, phytochrome-interacting factor-like14 (OsPIL14), or loss of function of the slender rice1 (SLR1) genes enhance salinity tolerance in rice seedlings. This review updates our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of abiotic stress tolerance and discusses possible approaches for developing N-efficient rice variety.

scholarly journals Impacts of Slow-Release Nitrogen Fertilizer Rates on the Morpho-Physiological Traits, Yield, and Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Rice under Different Water Regimes

Agriculture ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 86
Author(s):  
Alaa AL Aasmi ◽  
Jiuhao Li ◽  
Yousef Alhaj Hamoud ◽  
Yubin Lan ◽  
Kelvin Edom Alordzinu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Use Efficiency ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Slow Release ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Specific Information ◽  
Nitrogen Use ◽  
Water Regimes ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Fertilizer Rates

The efficient use of water and fertilizer is vital for optimizing plant growth and yield in rice production. To achieve sustainable rice production and resource management, the ways in which applied water and nitrogen affect the root and shoot morpho-physiology, as well as yield, must be understood. In this study, a pot experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of slow-release nitrogen fertilizer (sulfur-coated urea) application at three levels (light nitrogen (NL), medium nitrogen (NM), and heavy nitrogen (NH)) on the growth, yield, and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) of rice grown under three water regimes (wetting and soil saturation (WSS), wetting and moderate drying (WMD) and wetting and severe drying (WSD)). The results revealed that differences in water regimes and fertilizer rates led to significant differences in the roots, shoots, yield, and NUE of rice. Increasing the N dosage by 5% enhanced the root and biomass production by 16% in comparison with that of the other groups. The NH×WSS treatment produced the greatest root length, weight, density, active absorption, and oxidation. However, the integration of WSS × NL generated the maximum value of nitrogen apparent recovery efficiency (63.1% to 67.6%) and the greatest value of nitrogen partial factor productivity (39.9 g g−1 to 41.13 g g−1). Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images showed that plants grown under high and medium nitrogen fertilizer rates with WSS had improved leaf mesophyll structure with normal starch grains, clear cell walls, and well-developed chloroplasts with tidy and well-arranged thylakoids. These results show that TEM images are useful for characterizing the nitrogen and water status of leaves in the sub-micrometer range and providing specific information regarding the leaf microstructure. The findings of this study suggest that the application of NH×WSS can produce improvements in growth traits and increase rice yield; however, the NL×WSS treatment led to greater NUE, and the authors recommend its usage in rice agriculture.

scholarly journals Molecular Regulatory Networks for Improving Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Rice

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (16) ◽  
pp. 9040
Author(s):  
Mengmeng Hou ◽  
Ming Yu ◽  
Zhiqiang Li ◽  
Zhiyuan Ai ◽  
Jingguang Chen
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Use Efficiency ◽  
Regulatory Networks ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Nitrogen Use ◽  
Arduous Task ◽  
Nitrogen Redistribution ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Eutrophication

Nitrogen is an important factor limiting the growth and yield of rice. However, the excessive application of nitrogen will lead to water eutrophication and economic costs. To create rice varieties with high nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) has always been an arduous task in rice breeding. The processes for improving NUE include nitrogen uptake, nitrogen transport from root to shoot, nitrogen assimilation, and nitrogen redistribution, with each step being indispensable to the improvement of NUE. Here, we summarize the effects of absorption, transport, and metabolism of nitrate, ammonium, and amino acids on NUE, as well as the role of hormones in improving rice NUE. Our discussion provide insight for further research in the future.

scholarly journals Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Local and National Aromatic Rice Varieties in Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 79-88
Author(s):  
Chairunnisak Chairunnisak ◽  
Sugiyanta Sugiyanta ◽  
Edi Santosa
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Use Efficiency ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Aromatic Rice ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Nitrogen Use ◽  
N Content ◽  
Low Input ◽  
Plot Yield ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Sampling Plot

Nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) is a necessitate in order to enhance sustainable rice farming in Indonesia. Thus, objective of present research was to evaluate NUE of local and national Indonesian superior aromatic rice treated with different levels of nitrogen fertilizer (N). Planting plot was arranged using five levels of N as the main plot, i.e; 0, 45, 90, 135 and 180 kg ha-1; and two rice varieties as subplot, i.e: Sigupai Abdya (local) and Inpari 23 Bantul (national). The results showed application 180 kg N ha-1 to Sigupai  Abdya significantly increased the plant height. However, it also postponed the flowering time. Inpari 23 Bantul treated with 180 kg N ha-1 produced the highest number of tillers. Combination of 90 kg N ha-1 with Sigupai Abdya variety significantly reduced the number of empty grains. Sigupai Abdya variety has a higher number of grains per panicle and sampling plot yield than Inpari 23 Bantul, and  dosage 90 kg N ha-1 increases grain yield per clump also sampling plot yield significantly. Nitrogen at 180 kg N ha-1 made Sigupai Abdya variety has high N content and absorption N in primordia phase, and the Inpari 23 Bantul variety had grain with high N content. Nitrogen at 90 kg ha-1 caused Sigupai Abdya variety at primordia phase had NUE higher than Inpari 23 Bantul. This study showed that local variety Sigupai Abdya is suitable for development as rice with low input NKeywords: Aceh aromatic, low input, nitrogen dose, N uptake, Oryza sativa L. 

scholarly journals Growth, production and water and nitrogen use efficiency of maize under water depths and nitrogen fertilization

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (10) ◽  
pp. 747-753
Author(s):  
David H. Campelo ◽  
Adunias dos S. Teixeira ◽  
Luis C. J. Moreira ◽  
Claudivan F. de Lacerda
Keyword(s):  
Water Depth ◽  
Nitrogen Use Efficiency ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Nitrogen Use ◽  
Area Index ◽  
N Dose ◽  
Irrigation Depth ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Depths

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the growth, the production components and the water (WUE) and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) in maize (Zea mays L.), as function of water depths and nitrogen doses. The experimental design was randomized blocks in a split-plot scheme with four repetitions. The irrigation treatments applied in the plots were composed of four water depths: 80, 90, 100 and 110% of the water requirement, based on the soil field capacity, while the N doses, distributed in the subplots, were 0, 60, 120 and 180 kg ha-1. Increases in water depths and in N doses promote linear increases in plant height and leaf area index. For cycle I (2015) the maximum yield (16,778.3 kg ha-1) was reached with the irrigation depth of 538.1 mm and nitrogen dose of 180 kg ha-1; and for cycle II (2016), the maximum yield was reached with the irrigation depth corresponding to 505 mm and N dose of 180 kg ha-1, yielding 17,819.5 kg ha-1. The highest values of WUE (4.1 and 3.8 kg m-3) were estimated in cycle I (2015) for 432.7 mm and in cycle II (2016) for 359.6 mm, respectively; while the highest values of NUE (67.5 and 65.3 kg kg-1) were estimated in cycle I (2015), for the water depth of 555.7 mm and nitrogen dose of 113.3 kg ha-1, and in cycle II (2016), for the water depth of 506 mm and nitrogen dose of 107.7 kg ha-1.

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