scholarly journals Influence of Yield and economic Viability of Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum Mill) under Varietal Replacement Demonstration in Bhagalpur District, Bihar, India

2021 ◽  
pp. 40-45
Author(s):  
Kamal Kant ◽  
S. K. Gupta ◽  
. Ghanshyam ◽  
Sanoj Kumar ◽  
Amit Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Lycopersicum ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Economic Viability ◽  
Resistant Variety ◽  
Soil Test ◽  
Percentage Increase ◽  
Potential Yield ◽  
Net Return ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Extension Gap

The study was conducted to analyze the influence of yield and economic viability of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum Mill) under varietal replacement demonstration in Bhagalpur District, Bihar, India during Rabi 2018-2019. Varietal adoption demonstrations were conducted on tomato by the active participation of the farmers. The improved technologies consist disease resistant variety (Kashi Vishesh), balanced fertilizers (Soil test based) application and integrated pest and disease management, etc. (All the recommended practices were provided to the selected farmers. The data related to the cost of cultivation, production, productivity, gross return and net return were collected as per scheduled and analysed. Results of the study revealed the higher yield in the demonstrations was recorded (498 q/ha) as compared to farmers practice traditional adopted by the farmers (396 q/ha). The percentage increase in the yield over farmer’s practice 25.75 was recorded. The technology gap, extension gap and technology index were computed 132 q/ha, 102 q/ha and 20.95% respectively. The demonstrated field gave higher net return Rs. 4, 02,000/- and B: C ratio and incremental demonstrated B: C ratio is 1: 4.12 and 1: 5.18 respectively. The result of the study indicated the gap existed in the potential yield and demonstration yield is due to soil fertility and weather conditions. Present results clearly show that the yield and economics of tomato can be boost up by adopting recommended technologies.

scholarly journals A study on analysis of yield gap in pulses of Nadia district of West Bengal, India

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 646-652
Author(s):  
Ome Jopir ◽  
B. K. Bera
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
West Bengal ◽  
Yield Gap ◽  
Potential Yield ◽  
Net Return ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Alternative Crop ◽  
Technology Dissemination ◽  
Extension Gap

The study on yield gap in pulses (Lentil) of West Bengal revealed that the technology gap is accounted to be 346.23 kg/ha and technology index and the index of realised potential yield are estimated to 22.56 and 77.44 %, respectively. The extension gap and the index of realized potential farm yield are 215.12 kg/ha and 81.9 %, respectively. Lentil cultivation generates a net return of ` 47083.07/ha from an investment of ` 29640.30/ha in experimental field whereas an expenditure accounting ` 23240.76 and ` 18559.71/ha are made in demonstration and actual farmer`s field to realize a net return of ` 36171.44 and ` 30096.79/ha. Although, the most viable alternative crop, rape and mustard has marginal advantage over lentil economically, considering the long term beneficial effects of pulses soil fertility, programmes need to be taken to motivate farmers to allocate more area to pulses. Low productivity and non-availability of quality occupy the first and second position with 82.73 and 71.25 % Garrett`s score constructed based on the perception of sample farmers. Development of improved seeds responsive to modern crop production technology is the most vital for long term solution of the present crisis in pulses, but for the time being, programmes for technology dissemination and adoption through various extension methods is necessary in bridging the extension gap to improve the pulses situation of West Bengal.

ANALISA PERBANDINGAN LAPORAN KEUANGAN DAN RASIO KEUANGAN SEBAGAI ALAT UKUR KINERJA KEUANGAN PADA KOPERASI KARYAWAN SUCOFINDO (KOPERASI SUCOFINDO JAYA) TAHUN 2009 – 2011

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Sri Marti Pramudena
Keyword(s):  
Financial Performance ◽  
Balance Sheet ◽  
Fiscal Year ◽  
Percentage Increase ◽  
Net Worth ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Financial Position ◽  
Profitability Analysis ◽  
Equity Ratio ◽  
The Cost

This study aims to determine the financial position and financial performance Cooperative Sucofindo Jaya (KOPSUCOFINDO JAYA) from fiscal year 2009-2011 through a comparative analysis / comparisons and ratio analysis. From the research, the authors obtained a picture that results of the financial position and financial performance of KOPSUCOFINDO JAYA as follows: (1) To Horizontal Analysis of the Balance Sheet shows the overall unfavorable developments as the rise of short-term debt experienced a greater percentage increase than the increase in current assets (2) For Horizontal Analysis of the SHU, SHU in 2010 an increase of 125.38% compared to 2009 and in 2011 increased by 282.47% compared to 2009, but this increase was not followed by a reduction in the burden of cost of goods, especially business and this increase was obtained from the contribution percentage increase in other income. (3) For Vertical Analysis of the Balance Sheet shows that in terms of assets, current assets are assets that make up the largest component but also cause considerable investment value embedded in current assets and also showed asset turnover, receivables turnover and working capital is very low under 1 times. (4) For the SHU Vertical analysis shows that income JAYA KOPSUCOFINDO more than 85% absorbed in the Cost of Goods. (5) For liquidity analysis showed that highly liquid KOPSUCOFINDO JAYA obtain an average value above 400%. (6) For solvency analysis shows that the performance is not good / not solvable because the results of the analysis LITA average of above 95%, Total Debt to Equity Ratio in the top 2.000%, and Net Worth Debt Ratio to average below 4%. (7) For activity ratios indicate that the performance is not good for Turnover of Assets value of 1 times. (8) For the rentability analysis KOPSUCOFINDO JAYA show results for ROA of 0.86% (2009), 1.31% (2010), 1.18% (2011), ROE in 2009 is 14.81%, 26.43% in 2010 and 2011 amounted to 31.11%, for the ROI of 0.56% in 2009, in 2010 was 0.96% and by 0.93% in 2011. (9) For the analysis of profitability, for the analysis of GPM in 2009 amounted to 1.49%, in 2010 of 2.31% and 3.92% in 2011. As for the analysis of NPM in 2009 amounted to 0.97%, in 2010 by 1.70% and by 3.10% in 2011. Keywords:  Cooperative Financial Performance, horizontal analysis, vertical analysis, Analysis of Liquidity, Solvency Analysis, Activity Analysis, Profitability Analysis, profitability analysis

Erbium/Ytterbium-Doped Waveguide Amplifier (EYDWA) for extended reach of Wavelength Division Multiplexing based free space optics system (WDM/FSO)

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bentahar Attaouia ◽  
Kandouci Malika ◽  
Ghouali Samir
Keyword(s):  
Wavelength Division Multiplexing ◽  
Free Space ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Free Space Optical ◽  
Wavelength Division ◽  
Space Optics ◽  
Effective Implementation ◽  
Transmission Distance ◽  
The Cost

AbstractThis work is focused to carry out the investigation of wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) approach on free space optical (FSO) transmission systems using Erbium Ytterbium Doped Waveguide Amplifier (EYDWA) integrated as post-or pre-amplifier for extending the reach to 30 Km for the cost-effective implementation of FSO system considering weather conditions. Furthermore, the performance of proposed FSO-wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) system is also evaluated on the effect of varying the FSO range and results are reported in terms of Q factor, BER, and eye diagrams. It has been found that, under clear rain the post-amplification was performed and was able to reach transmission distance over 27 Km, whereas, the FSO distance has been limited at 19.5 Km by using pre-amplification.

scholarly journals Effect of Heat Resource Effectiveness Change on Rice Potential Yield in Southern China

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 896
Author(s):  
Qing Ye ◽  
Xiaoguang Yang ◽  
Wenjuan Xie ◽  
Junmeng Yao ◽  
Zhe Cai
Keyword(s):  
Southern China ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Reduction Rate ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Percentage Increase ◽  
Potential Yield ◽  
Effective Heat ◽  
Rice Growing Season

During the rice growing season, farmers’ decisions about cropping systems and seed varieties directly affect the utilization of heat resource, and eventually affect the potential yield. In this study, we used the hourly accumulated temperature model to calculate the available heat resource as well as the effective heat resource in southern China. We conducted a spatiotemporal analysis of the heat resource effectiveness during rice growing season and an impact assessment of heat resource effectiveness on rice potential yield and cereal yield reduction. The results showed that, during the period of 1951–2015, heat resource effectiveness generally declined in the rice cropping area of southern China. And this decrease worsened during the most recent three decades compared with the period of 1951–1980. A strong correlation was detected between heat resource effectiveness and rice potential yield in the study area. When the effective heat resource during the growing season increased by 1 °C·d, rice potential yield would increase by 14 kg ha−1. For each percentage increase in heat resource effectiveness, the rice potential yield reduction rate would go down by 0.65%. This agro-climatological study aims to offer a scientific basis for rice production decisions in southern China, such as when to plant, which varieties to choose and so on.

Efficient Solar Desalination System Using Humidification/Dehumidification Process

2014 ◽  
Vol 136 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adel M. Abdel Dayem
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Heat Source ◽  
System Performance ◽  
Salt Water ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Water Production ◽  
High Pressure Pump ◽  
Solar Desalination ◽  
Flat Plate Collector ◽  
The Cost

An innovative solar desalination system is successfully designed, manufactured, and experimentally tested at Makkah, 21.4 degN. The system consists of 1.15 m2 flat-plate collector as a heat source and a desalination unit. The unit is about 400 l vertical cylindrical insulated tank. It includes storage, evaporator, and condenser of hot salt-water that is fed from the collector. The heated water in the collector is raised naturally to the unit bottom at which it is used as storage. A high pressure pump is used to inject the water vertically up through 1-mm three nozzles inside the unit. The hot salt-water is atomized inside the unit where the produced vapor is condensed on the inner surfaces of the unit outer walls to outside. The system was experimentally tested under different weather conditions. It is obtained that the system can produce about 9 l a day per quadratic meter of collector surface area. By that it can produce about 1.6 l/kWh of solar energy. Moreover, the water temperature has a great effect on the system performance although the scaling possibility is becoming significant. By that way the cost of a liter water production is relatively high and is obtained as 0.5 US$.

Economic Analysis of Production of Maize in Meghalaya and Constraints Associated with it

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dipriya R. Lyngkhoi
Keyword(s):  
Plant Protection ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Positive Trend ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Net Return ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Average Return ◽  
Maize Cultivation

The present study was undertaken to estimate the costs and returns structure of maize cultivation and identifying the prominent production constraints in West Khasi Hills district of Meghalaya. A sample of 60 farmers was randomly drawn from six villages of Mawthadraishan and Nongstoin block of the selected district. The costs and returns per hectare were calculated on the basis of cost concepts and Garett ranking method was used for employed for determination of constraints in maize production. The overall cost of cultivation was found to be ` 37185.22 per ha and the major cost components were manures (48.25%) and human labour (34.73%). The overall net return was evaluated at ` 19038.20 with small, medium and large farmers having similar returns with the exception of marginal farmers gaining a net return of only ` 13889.83 which was 27.04 per cent lower than the average return among the sample farmers. It may be attributed to their heavy dependence on labour and lack of investment on irrigation, plant protection and better-quality seeds. The realised average yield was found to be 23.65 q/ha which was abysmally low compared to other maize producing states of India. A positive trend between the return over cost ratio and the operational holding was observed with an average of 1.51. The prominent constraints as perceived by the farmers were unfavorable weather conditions, the incidence of pests and diseases and costly fertilizers and manures with the Garrett’s score of 64.70, 62.75 and 54.40 respectively

scholarly journals Comparative economics of cashew nut kernel processing technology in Bastar region of India

2014 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 165-172
Author(s):  
Praveen Kumar Verma ◽  
SK Nag ◽  
SK Patil
Keyword(s):  
Cost Reduction ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Economic Viability ◽  
Working Capital ◽  
Cashew Nut ◽  
Net Profit ◽  
Cost Benefit Ratio ◽  
Comparative Economics ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Improved Technology

The paper has studied the economic viability of improved technology (Introduced under NAIP component-3) for extraction of cashew kernel from cashew nut in Bastar region of Chhattisgarh, India. Cost concept has been used to calculate economics of cashew kernel. The technology (Boiling, steaming, cutting, drying, and peeling) has been found viable over conventional practices (Traditional manual separation by stone or hammer) on account of higher recovery of 40 percent and cost reduction by 29.71 percent. Overall net profit per unit (One unit includes one boiler, one steamer, two cutter, one dryer, six peelers and cost of land, depreciation and interest on working capital) in the case of improved technology has been estimated to be Rs 7.32 lakh. Cost of production in machine extraction practices was 202.80 Rupees per kilogram of cashew in spite of traditionally practiced 288.56 Rupees per kilogram. The cost benefit ratio was found higher in machine extraction (1.57) as compare to traditionally practiced (0.169). The mechanical decortications and separation could not only save time and money, also reduced women drudgery (due to manual breaking by stone or hammer to separate kernel). The technology has been found suitable for promotion of entrepreneurship on the processing of cashew kernel from cashew nut in the production catchments which otherwise is not properly utilized. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v39i1.20166 Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 39(1): 165-172, March 2014

scholarly journals Price-Efficiency Relationship for Photovoltaic Systems on a Global Basis

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Sait Cengiz ◽  
Mehmet Salih Mamiş
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Electricity Generation ◽  
Economic Viability ◽  
Photovoltaic Systems ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future ◽  
Potential Factors ◽  
Technology Lifecycle ◽  
Price Analysis ◽  
The Cost

Solar energy is the most abundant, useful, efficient, and environmentally friendly source of renewable energy. In addition, in recent years, the capacity of photovoltaic electricity generation systems has increased exponentially throughout the world given an increase in the economic viability and reliability of photovoltaic systems. Moreover, many studies state that photovoltaic power systems will play a key role in electricity generation in the future. When first produced, photovoltaic systems had short lifetimes. Currently, through development, the technology lifecycle of photovoltaic systems has increased to 20–25 years. Studies showed that photovoltaic systems would be broadly used in the future, a conclusion reached by considering the rapidly decreasing cost of photovoltaic systems. Because price analysis is very important for energy marketing, in this study, a review of the cost potential factors on photovoltaic panels is realized and the expected cost potential of photovoltaic systems is examined considering numerous studies.

scholarly journals Delay and cost overrun in road construction projects in Jordan

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nabil Al-Hazim ◽  
Zaydoun Abusalem
Keyword(s):  
Construction Projects ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Public Works ◽  
Fiscal Year ◽  
Cost Overrun ◽  
Construction Time ◽  
Change Orders ◽  
Critical Problems ◽  
The Cost

This study aims to identify the most important factors that cause delay in road construction projects in Jordan, which results in cost and time overrun allocated for this type of engineering projects and cause critical problems for both the developer and the contractor. The gap between the cost at completion and that originally estimated, known as cost overrun, can be regarded as one of the most important parameters reflecting the success of projects. In the public sector, money spent on project change orders results in increased construction time which in return reduces the number and size of the projects that can be completed during any given fiscal year. To achieve this goal, the documents and the final reports for several sample projects implemented over the years 2000 to 2008 were analyzed. All the projects were administered by the same organization taken from Jordan Ministry of Rural and Public Works. The results of this study can assist highway officials in their design, planning, scheduling and projects completions so that necessary actions can be taken to control these overruns in future projects. The study showed that 19 factors might cause delays of road construction projects as defined through a detailed literature review. The analysis of the study indicated that the top causes affecting time and cost overrun in road construction projects in Jordan are Terrain and Weather conditions.

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